Erythema induratum

Inflammation of the fatty layer under the skin of the calves

Medical condition

Erythema induratum

Erythema induratum
Specialty| Infectious diseases

Erythema induratum is a panniculitis on the calves. It occurs mainly in women, but it is very rare now. Historically, when it has occurred, it has often been concomitant with cutaneous tuberculosis, and it was formerly thought to be always a reaction to the TB bacteria. It is now considered a panniculitis that is not associated with just a single defined pathogen.[1] The medical eponym Bazin disease was historically synonymous, but it applies only to the tuberculous form and is dated.

## Pathophysiology

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Predisposing factors include abnormal amount of subcutaneous fat, thick ankles and abnormally poor arterial supply. Abnormal arterial supply causes low-grade ischemia of ankle region. The ankle skin becomes sensitive to temperature changes. When weather is cold, ankle is cold, blue and often tender. In hot weather, ankle becomes hot, edematous, swollen and painful. Chilblains may be present. On palpation, small superficial and painful nodules are felt. They break down to form small and multiple ulcers. Fresh crops of nodules appear in periphery of ulcer and ultimately break down. In nodular stage, pain is present; while it subsides in ulcerative stage.[2]

## Diagnosis

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Mainly clinical.

## Eponym

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The name Bazin disease honors Pierre-Antoine-Ernest Bazin.[3][4]

## Additional images

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## References

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1. ^ Cotran, Ramzi S.; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Nelso Fausto; Robbins, Stanley L.; Abbas, Abul K. (2005). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease (7th ed.). St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier Saunders. p. 1265\. ISBN 0-7216-0187-1.
2. ^ Manual of Surgery. Kaplan Publishing. 2008-08-05. p. 72\. ISBN 9781427797995.
3. ^ synd/102 at Whonamedit?
4. ^ P. A. E. Bazin. Leçons théoriques et cliniques sur la scrofule, considérée en ellemême et dans ses rapports avec la syphilis, la dartre et l'arthritis. 2nd edition, Paris, 1861. Page 145 and 501.

## External links

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* Media related to Erythema induratum at Wikimedia Commons
* PatientPlus Archived 2012-07-17 at the Wayback Machine

Classification|

* ICD-10: A18.4 (ILDS A18.482)
* ICD-9-CM: 017.1
* MeSH: D004891
* DiseasesDB: 1272
* SNOMED CT: 2028007

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External resources|

* eMedicine: derm/135

* v
* t
* e

Gram-positive bacterial infection: Actinomycetota

Actinomycineae|

| Actinomycetaceae|

* Actinomyces israelii
* Actinomycosis
* Cutaneous actinomycosis
* "Tropheryma whipplei"
* Whipple's disease
* Arcanobacterium haemolyticum
* Arcanobacterium haemolyticum infection
* Actinomyces gerencseriae

|

Propionibacteriaceae|

* Propionibacterium acnes

Corynebacterineae|

| Mycobacteriaceae|

| M. tuberculosis/
M. bovis|

* Tuberculosis: Ghon focus/Ghon's complex
* Pott disease
* brain
* Meningitis
* Rich focus
* Tuberculous lymphadenitis
* Tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis
* cutaneous
* Scrofuloderma
* Erythema induratum
* Lupus vulgaris
* Prosector's wart
* Tuberculosis cutis orificialis
* Tuberculous cellulitis
* Tuberculous gumma
* Lichen scrofulosorum
* Tuberculid
* Papulonecrotic tuberculid
* Primary inoculation tuberculosis
* Miliary
* Tuberculous pericarditis
* Urogenital tuberculosis
* Tuberculous dactylitis
* Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis
* Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis

|

M. leprae|

* Leprosy: Tuberculoid leprosy
* Borderline tuberculoid leprosy
* Borderline leprosy
* Borderline lepromatous leprosy
* Lepromatous leprosy
* Histoid leprosy

Nontuberculous|

| R1:|

* M. kansasii
* M. marinum
* Aquarium granuloma

|

R2:|

* M. gordonae

R3:|

* M. avium complex/Mycobacterium avium/Mycobacterium intracellulare/MAP
* MAI infection
* M. ulcerans
* Buruli ulcer
* M. haemophilum

R4/RG:|

* M. fortuitum
* M. chelonae
* M. abscessus

Nocardiaceae|

* Nocardia asteroides/Nocardia brasiliensis/Nocardia farcinica
* Nocardiosis
* Rhodococcus equi

Corynebacteriaceae|

* Corynebacterium diphtheriae
* Diphtheria
* Corynebacterium minutissimum
* Erythrasma
* Corynebacterium jeikeium
* Group JK corynebacterium sepsis

Bifidobacteriaceae|

* Gardnerella vaginalis

* v
* t
* e

Disorders of subcutaneous fat

Panniculitis|

| Lobular|

* without vasculitis
* Cold
* Cytophagic histiocytic
* Factitial
* Gouty
* Pancreatic
* Traumatic

* needle-shaped clefts
* Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn
* Sclerema neonatorum
* Post-steroid panniculitis
* Lipodermatosclerosis
* Weber–Christian disease
* Lupus erythematosus panniculitis
* Sclerosing lipogranuloma
* Mobile encapsulated fat necrosis

* with vasculitis: Nodular vasculitis/Erythema induratum

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Septal|

* without vasculitis: Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency panniculitis
* Erythema nodosum
* Acute
* Chronic

* with vasculitis: Superficial thrombophlebitis

Lipodystrophy|

| Acquired|

* generalized: Acquired generalized lipodystrophy

* partial: Acquired partial lipodystrophy
* Centrifugal lipodystrophy
* HIV-associated lipodystrophy
* Lipoatrophia annularis

* localized: Localized lipodystrophy

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Congenital|

* Congenital generalized lipodystrophy
* Familial partial lipodystrophy
* Marfanoid–progeroid–lipodystrophy syndrome
* Poland syndrome

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