European Broadcasting Union

Alliance of public service media entities

"EBU" redirects here. For other uses, see EBU (disambiguation).

European Broadcasting Union

Union européenne de radio-télévision

Logo since 2012

Countries with one or more members are in dark blue. Associated members in light blue. Suspended members in yellow.

Predecessor| International Broadcasting Union
Formation| 12 February 1950; 75 years ago (1950-02-12)
Type| Union of broadcasting organisations
Headquarters| Geneva, Switzerland
Membership|

* 112 member organisations
* (in 54 countries)

Official language

| English, French

President

| Delphine Ernotte[1]

Director-General

| Noel Curran
Website| ebu.ch

The European Broadcasting Union (EBU; French: Union européenne de radio-télévision, UER) is an alliance of public service media organisations in countries within the European Broadcasting Area (EBA) or who are members of the Council of Europe. As of 2024[update], it is made up of 123 member organisations from 56 countries,[2] and 31 associate members from a further 20 countries.[3] It was established in 1950, and has its administrative headquarters in Geneva.

The EBU owns and operates the Eurovision and Euroradio telecommunications networks on which major television and radio broadcasts are distributed live to its members. It also operates the daily Eurovision news exchange in which members share breaking news footage. In 2017, the EBU launched the Eurovision Social Newswire, an eyewitness and video verification service. Led by Head of Social Newsgathering, Derek Bowler, the service provides members of the EBU with verified and cleared-for-use newsworthy eyewitness media emerging on social media.[4]

The EBU, in co-operation with its members, produces programmes and organises events in which its members can participate, such as the Eurovision Song Contest, its best known production, or the Eurovision Debates between candidates for president of the European Commission for the 2014, 2019 and 2024 parliamentary elections.[5] The director-general is Noel Curran since 2017.

## General description

[edit]

The classic opening ident that preceded all Eurovision network transmissions until 1994. The logotypes of both the sending and receiving companies were shown in the middle. This sample shows the 1988-1997 logo of the BBC. European Commission presidency candidates at Eurovision Debate (May 2019). Left to right: Zahradil, Cué, Keller, Vestager, Timmermans, Weber.

EBU members are public service media (PSM) broadcasters established by law but are non-partisan, independent, and run for the benefit of society as a whole.

EBU members come from as far north as Iceland and as far south as Egypt, from Ireland in the west and Azerbaijan in the east, and almost every nation from geographical Europe in between. Associate members from the United States include ABC, CBS, NBC, CPB, NPR, APM, and the only individual station, Chicago-based classical music radio WFMT.[3]

Membership is for media organisations in countries within the European Broadcasting Area (EBA), as defined by the International Telecommunication Union, or who are members of the Council of Europe.[6]

Members benefit from:

* Access to content ranging from exclusive sports rights to exchanges for news, music, and children's programmes.
* Representatives in Brussels, and in other international arenas, lobbying for PSM and ensuring the optimal legal and technical framework for broadcasters.
* Opportunities for sharing, learning and collaborating through conferences, working groups, training, and dedicated advice and guidance.
* A centre for learning and sharing new technology and innovation with a team of experts providing strategic advice and guidance.

The EBU's highest-profile production is the Eurovision Song Contest. The EBU also organises the Junior Eurovision Song Contest, the Eurovision Young Musicians competition, and other competitions which are modeled along similar lines.

Radio collaborations include Euroclassic Notturno—an overnight classical music stream, produced by BBC Radio 3 and broadcast in the United Kingdom as Through the Night—and special theme days, such as the annual Christmas music relays from around Europe.[7] The EBU is a member of the International Music Council.

Most EBU broadcasters have group deals to carry major sporting events including the FIFA World Cup and the inaugural European Championships. Another annually recurring event which is broadcast across Europe through the EBU is the Vienna New Year's Concert.[8]

Eurovision Media Services is the business arm of the EBU and provides media services for many media organisations and sports federations around the world.

### Ident

[edit]

The theme music played before and after every EBU broadcast is Marc-Antoine Charpentier's Prelude to Te Deum. It is played before and after the Eurovision Song Contest and other important events.[9]

## History

[edit]

EBU's previous logo used from 1994 to 17 June 2012 Vienna New Year's Concert

The EBU was a successor to the International Broadcasting Union (IBU) that was founded in 1925 and had its administrative headquarters in Geneva and technical office in Brussels. It fostered programming exchanges between members and mediated technical disputes between members that were mostly concerned with frequency and interference issues. It was in effect taken over by Nazi Germany during the Second World War, and thereafter the Allies viewed it as a compromised organisation that they could not trust.

In the spring of 1946, representatives of the Soviet radio committee proposed forming a new organisation; however, at the same time preparations were being made for an inter-governmental "European Broadcasting Conference" in Copenhagen in 1948 to draw up a new plan for frequency use in the European Broadcasting Area. It was considered necessary to have an organisation that could implement the "Copenhagen Wavelength Plan" but there was disagreement among broadcasters and particularly a fear expressed by the BBC that a new association might be dominated by the USSR and its proposal to give each of its constituent states one vote. France proposed that it would have four votes with the inclusion of its North African colonies. The United Kingdom felt it would have little influence with just one vote.

On 27 June 1946, the alternative International Broadcasting Organisation (IBO) was founded with 26 members and without British participation. The following day the IBU met in General Assembly and an attempt was made to dissolve it but failed; though 18 of its 28 members left to join the IBO.[10] For a period of time in the late 1940s both the IBU and IBO vied for the role of organising frequencies but Britain decided to be in involved in neither. The BBC attempted but failed to find suitable working arrangements with them. However, for practical purposes, the IBO rented the IBU technical centre in Brussels and employed its staff. The BBC then proposed a new solution based on the IBO changing its constitution so there will be only one member per International Telecommunication Union (ITU) country, thus ensuring a Western majority over the USSR and its satellite states. In August 1949 a meeting took place in Stresa, Italy, but it resulted in disagreement between delegates on how to resolve the problems. One proposal was for the European Broadcasting Area to be replaced by one that would exclude Eastern Europe, the Levant, and North Africa.

After Stresa, a consensus emerged among the Western Europeans to form a new organisation and the BBC proposed it be based in London. Meetings in Paris on 31 October and 1 November 1949 sealed the fate of the IBU and IBO, but it was decided not to allow any broadcaster from West Germany to be a founder of the new organisation. On 13 February 1950 the European Broadcasting Union had its first meeting with 23 members from the ITU defined European Broadcasting Area at the Imperial Hotel in Torquay, United Kingdom. The first president was Ian Jacob of the BBC who remained at the helm for ten years while its operation was largely dominated by the BBC due to its financial, technical, and staff input. The most important difference between the EBU and its predecessors was that EBU membership was for broadcasters and not governments. Early delegates said EBU meetings were cordial and professional and very different from the abrupt tone of its predecessors. Broadcasters from West Germany were admitted since 1951 and a working relationship forged with its Eastern counterpart, the International Radio and Television Organisation (OIRT), which existed in parallel with the EBU until its merger on 1 January 1993.[10]

In 1967, the first concert in the International Concert Season of the European Broadcasting Union was broadcast from the Queen Elizabeth Hall in London.[11]

## Technical activities

[edit]

The objective of the EBU's technical activities is simply to assist EBU Members (see below) in this period of unprecedented technological changes. This includes the provision of technical information to Members via conferences and workshops, as well as in written form (such as the EBU Technical Review, and the EBU tech-i magazine).

The EBU also encourages active collaboration between its Members on the basis that they can freely share their knowledge and experience, thus achieving considerably more than individual Members could achieve by themselves. Much of this collaboration is achieved through Project Groups which study specific technical issues of common interest: for example, EBU Members have long been preparing for the revision of the 1961 Stockholm Plan.

The EBU places great emphasis on the use of open standards. Widespread use of open standards (such as MPEG-2, DAB, DVB, etc.) ensures interoperability between products from different vendors, as well as facilitating the exchange of programme material between EBU Members and promoting "horizontal markets" for the benefit of all consumers.

EBU Members and the EBU Technical Department have long played an important role in the development of many systems used in radio and television broadcasting, such as:

* The AES/EBU digital audio interface, formally known as AES3;
* Serial and parallel interfaces for digital video (ITU-R Recommendations 601 and 656);
* RDS – the radio data system used on FM broadcasting.
* The EBU Loudness Recommendation R 128 and 'EBU Mode' meters (EBU Tech 3341)

The EBU has also actively encouraged the development and implementation of:

* Digital radio (DAB) through Eureka Project 147 and the WorldDAB Forum.
* DVB (Digital Video Broadcasting) through the DVB Project and DigiTAG.
* Digital radio in the bands currently used for AM broadcasting through Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM).
* Standardisation of PVR systems through the TV-Anytime Forum.
* Development of other content distribution networks on the internet through P2PTV; EBU Project Group D/P2P, from November 2007 to April 2008, with a trial of selected member channels, thanks to Octoshape's distribution platform.[12] The EBU is also part of the European P2P-Next project.

## Controversies

[edit]

### Greek state broadcaster (2013)

[edit]

On 11 June 2013, the Greek government shut down the state broadcaster Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation (ERT) on short notice, citing government spending concerns related to the European debt crisis.[13] In response, the EBU set up a makeshift studio the same day near the former ERT offices in Athens in order to continue providing EBU members with the news-gathering and broadcast relay services which had formerly been provided by ERT.[14] The EBU put out a statement expressing its "profound dismay" at the shutdown, urging the Greek Prime Minister "to use all his powers to immediately reverse this decision" and offered the "advice, assistance and expertise necessary for ERT to be preserved".[15] Starting on 4 May 2014, the new state broadcaster New Hellenic Radio, Internet and Television (NERIT) began nationwide transmissions, taking over ERT's vacant active membership slot in the EBU.[16] On 11 June 2015, two years after ERT's closure, NERIT was renamed as Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation (ERT),[17][18] which reopened with a comprehensive program in all radio stations (with nineteen regional, two world-range and five pan-Hellenic range radio stations) and three TV channels ERT1, ERT2 and ERT3.

### Belarusian state broadcaster (2021)

[edit]

The Belarusian Television and Radio Company (BTRC) has been accused of repressing its own employees, having fired more than 100 people since a wave of anti-Lukashenko protests in 2020 following alleged election fraud. Many of them have also been jailed. Many voices have been raised against the participation of BTRC in the Eurovision Song Contest 2021 representing Belarus, the argument being that the EBU would make a political statement if it did endorse BTRC by essentially and silently saying that democracy is unimportant and so are basic human rights such as freedom of speech.[19]

On 28 May 2021, the EBU suspended the BTRC's membership as they had been "particularly alarmed by the broadcast of interviews apparently obtained under duress". BTRC was given two weeks to respond before the suspension came into effect, but did not do so publicly.[20] The suspension of the broadcaster was made effective on 1 July 2021.[21][22] Although initial reports mentioned that it would expire after three years, in April 2024 the EBU confirmed that the suspension had been made indefinite.[23]

### Russian state broadcasters (2022)

[edit]

The three Russian members of the EBU, Channel One Russia, VGTRK, and Radio Dom Ostankino are all controlled by the Russian government.[24] On 21 February 2022, the Russian government recognized the independence of the Donetsk and Luhansk People's Republics, disputed territories that are internationally recognized as part of Ukraine. Ukraine's public broadcaster Suspilne called on the EBU to terminate the membership of Channel One Russia and VGTRK, and to consider preventing them from participating in the Eurovision Song Contest 2022 representing Russia, citing the Russian government's use of both outlets to spread disinformation surrounding the Russo-Ukrainian war.[25] Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, several other public broadcasters joined UA:PBC in calling for Russia's exclusion from the 2022 Contest; Finland's Yle and Estonia's ERR stated that they would not send a representative if Russia was allowed to participate.[26][27] After initially stating that both Russia and Ukraine would be allowed to compete,[28] the EBU announced on 25 February 2022 that it would ban Russia from participating in the Contest.[29]

The three Russian broadcasters announced, via a statement released by Russian state media, that they would withdraw from the EBU on 26 February, citing increased politicization of the organization.[30] The EBU released a statement saying that it was aware of the reports, but that it had not received any formal confirmation.[31] On 1 March, a further statement from the EBU announced that it had suspended its Russian members from its governance structures.[32] On 26 May, the EBU made effective the suspension of its Russian members indefinitely.[33][34]

In 2023, an extensive investigation by the EBU Investigative Journalism Network uncovered evidence of a Kremlin-sponsored initiative to take Ukrainian children from the war-torn country to Russia, a war crime under international law.[35]

### Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest

[edit]

Further information: Controversies of the Eurovision Song Contest § Israeli participation, Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024 § Calls for exclusion, and Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest 2025 § Calls for exclusion

The Gaza war has led to calls for the EBU to exclude Israel and its broadcaster Kan from the Eurovision Song Contest.[36][37] The Slovenian broadcaster RTVSLO submitted a demand for the EBU to exclude Israel in December 2024,[38] while Irish broadcaster RTÉ, Spanish broadcaster RTVE and Flemish Belgian broadcaster VRT called for a wider discussion among EBU members regarding Israel's participation.[39][40] The EBU responded to RTVE's letter, acknowledging "concerns and deeply held views around the current conflict in the Middle East" but reiterating that all EBU members are eligible to compete.[41][39][42]

## Members

[edit]

Map of countries with EBU member broadcasters (as of May 2024) Countries with active EBU member broadcasters coloured in order of accession since 1950

### Current members

[edit]

As of June 2024[update], the list of EBU members comprises the following 75 broadcasting companies from 56 countries.[2]

Country  | Broadcasting organisation  | Abbr. | Year

|
|
|

Albania | Albanian Radio-Television (Radio Televizioni Shqiptar)  | RTSH  | 1999
Algeria | Public Establishment of Television (المؤسّسة العمومية للتلفزيون, Établissement public de télévision)  | EPTV  | 1970
National Sound Broadcasting Company (المؤسسة العمومية للبث الإذاعي, Entreprise nationale de radiodiffusion sonore)  | ENRS
Algerian Broadcasting Company (البث الإذاعي والتلفزي الجزائري, Télédiffusion d'Algérie)  | TDA
Andorra | Radio and Television of Andorra (Ràdio i Televisió d'Andorra)  | RTVA  | 2002
Armenia | Public Television Company of Armenia (Հայաստանի Հանրային Հեռուստաընկերություն, Hayastani Hanrayin Herrustaynkerut'yun)  | ARMTV
ՀՀՀ  | 2005
Public Radio of Armenia (Հայաստանի Հանրային Ռադիո, Hayastani Hanrayin Radio)  | ARMR
Austria | Österreichischer Rundfunk | ORF  | 1953
Azerbaijan | İctimai Televiziya və Radio Yayımları Şirkəti:

* İctimai Televiziya (İctimai Television, İTV)
* İctimai Radio (İR)

| İCTI/İTV  | 2007
Belgium | Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroeporganisatie | VRT  | 1950
Radio-Télévision Belge de la Communauté Française | RTBF
Bosnia and Herzegovina | Radio and Television of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosanskohercegovačka radiotelevizija)  | BHRT  | 1993
Bulgaria | Bulgarian National Radio (Българско национално радио, Bǎlgarsko nacionalno radio)  | BNR
БНР  | 1993
Bulgarian National Television (Българска национална телевизия, Balgarska natsionalna televizia)  | BNT
БНТ
Croatia | Croatian Radiotelevision (Hrvatska radiotelevizija)  | HRT  | 1993
Cyprus | Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation (Ραδιοφωνικό Ίδρυμα Κύπρου, Radiofonikó Ídryma Kýprou, Kıbrıs Radyo Yayın Kurumu)  | CyBC
ΡΊΚ
RKYK  | 1969
Czech Republic | Český rozhlas | ČRo  | 1993
Česká televize | ČT
Denmark | Danmarks Radio | DR  | 1950
TV2 Danmark | DK/TV2  | 1989
Egypt | National Media Authority (الهيئة الوطنية للإعلام)  | NTU  | 1985
Estonia | Eesti Rahvusringhääling:

* Eesti Raadio (ER)
* Eesti Televisioon (ETV)

| ERR  | 1993
Finland | Yleisradio (Rundradion)  | Yle  | 1950
France | Groupe de Radiodiffusion Française:

* France Télévisions (FTV)
* Radio France (RF)
* France Médias Monde (FMM)

| GRF  | 1950
Arte | ARTE  | 2024
Georgia | Georgian Public Broadcaster (საქართველოს საზოგადოებრივი მაუწყებელი, sakartvelos sazogadoebrivi mauts'q'ebeli)  | GPB
სსმ  | 2005
Germany | Arbeitsgemeinschaft der öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunkanstalten der Bundesrepublik Deutschland
(The Working Group of Public Broadcasters in the Federal Republic of Germany, ARD):

* Bayerischer Rundfunk (Bavarian Broadcasting: BR)
* Hessischer Rundfunk (Hessian Broadcasting: HR)
* Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk (Central German Broadcasting: MDR)
* Norddeutscher Rundfunk (Northern German Broadcasting: NDR)
* Radio Bremen (RB)
* Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg (Berlin-Brandenburg Broadcasting: RBB)
* Saarländischer Rundfunk (Saarland Broadcasting: SR)
* Südwestrundfunk (Southwest Broadcasting: SWR)
* Westdeutscher Rundfunk (West German Broadcasting: WDR)
* Deutsche Welle (German Wave: DW)
* Deutschlandradio (Radio Germany: DLR)

| ARD  | 1952
Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen (Second German Television)  | ZDF  | 1963
Greece | Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation (Ελληνική Ραδιοφωνία Τηλεόραση, Ellinikí Radiofonía Tileórasi)  | ERT  | 1950–2013,
2015
Hungary | Médiaszolgáltatás-támogató és Vagyonkezelő Alap (Media Support and Asset Management Fund):

* Duna Médiaszolgáltató (Duna Media Service Provider)

| MTVA  | 2014
Iceland | Ríkisútvarpið | RÚV  | 1956
Ireland | Raidió Teilifís Éireann | RTÉ  | 1950
TG4 | TG4  | 2007
Israel | Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation (תַּאֲגִיד הַשִׁיְדּוּר הַיִשְׂרָאֵלִי, Taʾăḡid HaŠidûr HaYiśrāʾēli) (هَيْئَة اَلْبَثّ اَلْإِسْرَائِيلي, Hayʾat al-Baṯṯ al-Isrāʾīlī)  | KAN  | 2017
Italy | RAI – Radiotelevisione Italiana | RAI  | 1950
Jordan | Jordan Radio and Television Corporation (مؤسسة الإذاعة والتلفزيون الأردني)  | JRTV  | 1970
Latvia | Public Broadcasting of Latvia (Latvijas Sabiedriskie mediji):

* Latvijas Televīzija (LTV)
* Latvijas Radio (LR)

| LSM  | 1993
Lebanon | Télé Liban (تلفزيون لبنان)  | TL  | 1950
Libya | Libya National Channel (قناة ليبيا الوطنية)  | LNC  | 2011
Lithuania | Lithuanian National Radio and Television (Lietuvos nacionalinis radijas ir televizija)  | LRT  | 1993
Luxembourg | RTL Group | RTL  | 1950
Média de service public 100,7 | MSP  | 2022
Malta | Public Broadcasting Services | PBS  | 1970
Moldova | Compania Națională "Teleradio-Moldova" | TRM  | 1993
Monaco | Monaco Media Diffusion | MMD  | 1994
TVMonaco | TVM  | 2024
Montenegro | Radio i televizija Crne Gore (Радио и телевизија Црне Горе)  | RTCG
РТЦГ | 2006
Morocco | Société Nationale de Radiodiffusion et de Télévision (الشَرِكَة الوَطَنِيَّة لِلْإِذَاعَة وَالتَلْفَزَة, ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵣⵡⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ)  | SNRT  | 1950
Netherlands | Nederlandse Publieke Omroep (Dutch Public Broadcaster):

* AVROTROS
* BNNVARA
* Evangelische Omroep (Evangelical Broadcasting: EO)
* Humanistische Omroep (Humanist Broadcasting: HUMAN)
* KRO-NCRV
* MAX
* Nederlandse Omroep Stichting (Dutch Broadcasting Foundation: NOS)
* NTR
* Ongehoord Nederland (Unheard Netherlands: ON)
* PowNed
* Stichting Ether Reclame (Foundation for Ether Advertisement: STER)
* VPRO
* WNL
* Omroep Zwart (Broadcaster Black)

| NPO  | 1950
North Macedonia | Macedonian Radio Television (Македонска Радио Телевизиjа, Makedonska radio televizija)  | MRT
МРТ  | 1993
Norway | Norsk Rikskringkasting | NRK  | 1950
TV 2 Group (TV 2 Gruppen)  | NO/TV2  | 1993
Poland | Telewizja Polska | TVP  | 1993
Polskie Radio | PR
Portugal | Rádio e Televisão de Portugal | RTP  | 1950
Romania | Societatea Română de Radiodifuziune | ROR  | 1993
Societatea Română de Televiziune | RO/TVR
San Marino | San Marino RTV | SMRTV  | 1995
Serbia | Radio-televizija Srbije (Радио-телевизија Србије)  | RTS  | 2006
Slovakia | Slovak Television and Radio (Slovenská televízia a rozhlas)  | STVR  | 2024
Slovenia | Radiotelevizija Slovenija | RTVSLO  | 1993
Spain | Radiotelevisión Española | RTVE  | 1955
Sweden | Sveriges Rundradiotjänst:

* Sveriges Television (SVT)
* Sveriges Radio (SR)
* Sveriges Utbildningsradio (UR)

| SRT  | 1950
Switzerland | Swiss Broadcasting Corporation:

* Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF)
* Radio Télévision Suisse (RTS)
* Radiotelevisione svizzera (RSI)
* Radiotelevisiun Svizra Rumantscha (RTR)

| SRG SSR  | 1950
Tunisia | Établissement de la Radio Tunisienne (مؤسسة الإذاعة التونسية)  | RTT  | 2007
Établissement de la Télévision Tunisienne (مؤسسة التلفزة التونسية)
Turkey | Türkiye Radyo ve Televizyon Kurumu | TRT  | 1950
Ukraine | National Public Broadcasting Company of Ukraine
(Національна суспільна телерадіокомпанія України,
Natsionalna Suspilna Teleradiokompaniya Ukrayiny)  | SU  | 1993
United Kingdom | British Broadcasting Corporation | BBC  | 1950
United Kingdom Independent Broadcasting:

* ITV plc (UKIB/ITV)
* STV Group (UKIB/STV)
* Channel Four Television Corporation (UKIB/C4)
* S4C Authority (UKIB/S4C)

| UKIB  | 1981
Vatican City | Vatican Radio (Radio Vaticana, Statio Radiophonica Vaticana)  | VR  | 1950

### Suspended members

[edit]

Country  | Broadcasting organisation  | Abbr. | Year  | Suspended

|
|
|
|

Belarus | National State TV and Radio Company of the Republic of Belarus​  | BTRC  | 1993  | 2021[23]
Russia | Channel One Russia | C1R  | 1996  | 2022[43][44]
All-Russia State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company | RTR  | 1993
Radio Dom Ostankino:

* Radio Mayak (MK)
* Radio Orpheus (OP)

| RDO  | 1996

### Past members

[edit]

Country  | Broadcasting organisation  | Abbr. | From  | To

|
|
|
|

Belgium | National Institute of Radio Broadcasting (Institut national de radiodiffusion, INR; Nationaal Instituut voor de Radio-Omroep, NIR)  | INR-NIR  | 1950  | 1960
Czechoslovakia | Czechoslovak Television (Československá televize)  | ČST  | 1991[45] | 1992[a]
Finland  | MTV3 | FI/MTV  | 1993  | 2019[46]
France  | Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française | RTF  | 1950  | 1964
Office de Radiodiffusion Télévision Française | ORTF  | 1964  | 1975
Télédiffusion de France | TDF  | 1975  | 1982
TF1 | TF1  | 1975  | 2018
Europe 1 | E1  | 1978  | 2022
Organisme Français de Radiodiffusion et de Télévision | OFRT  | 1983  | 1992[b]
Canal+ | C+  | 1984  | 2018
Greece  | New Hellenic Radio, Internet and Television (Νέα Ελληνική Ραδιοφωνία, Ίντερνετ και Τηλεόραση, Néa Ellinikí Radiofonía, Ínternet kai Tileórasi)  | NERIT  | 2014  | 2015[c]
Hungary  | Duna TV | Duna  | 2013  | 2015[d]
Magyar Rádió | MR  | 1993
Magyar Televízió | MTV
Israel  | Israel Broadcasting Authority (רָשׁוּת השִּׁדּוּר, Rashút HaShidúr)  | IBA  | 1957  | 2017[e]
Libya | Libyan Jamahiriya Broadcasting Corporation (الجماهيرية اللّيبيّة)  | LJBC  | 1974  | 2011
Luxembourg | Établissement de Radiodiffusion Socioculturelle du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg | ERSL  | 1996  | 2022[f]
Malta | Maltese Broadcasting Authority | MBA  | 1970  | 2003
Monaco | Groupement de Radiodiffuseurs Monégasques:

* Radio Monte Carlo (RMC)
* Télé Monte-Carlo (TMC)

| GRMC  | 1950  | 2021
Telemontecarlo (now La7)  | TMC  | 1981  | 2001
Netherlands | Dutch Radio Union (Nederlandse Radio Unie)  | NRU  | 1947  | 1967[g]
Nederlandse Televisie Stichting (Dutch Television Foundation)  | NTS  | 1951
TROS | TROS  | 1964  | 2014[h]
Russia | Channel One Ostankino (Первый канал Останкино)  | C1O  | 1994  | 1995[i]
Serbia and Montenegro | Udruženje javnih radija i televizija (Alliance of Public Radio and Television)  | UJRT  | 2001  | 2006[j]
Slovakia  | Slovenský rozhlas | SRo  | 1993  | 2011[k]
Slovenská televízia | STV
Radio and Television of Slovakia (Rozhlas a televízia Slovenska)  | RTVS  | 2011  | 2024[l]
Spain  | Antena 3 Radio | A3R  | 1986  | 1993
Radio Popular SA COPE | COPE  | 1998  | 2019[47]
Sociedad Española de Radiodifusión | SER  | 1982  | 2020
Sweden  | TV4 | SE/TV4  | 2004  | 2019[48]
Tunisia  | Établissement de la radiodiffusion-télévision tunisienne (Tunisian Radio and Television Establishment)  | ERTT  | 1990  | 2007[m]
United Kingdom  | Independent Television Authority | ITA  | 1959  | 1972
Independent Television Companies Association  | ITCA  | 1959  | 1981
Independent Broadcasting Authority | IBA  | 1972  | 1981[n]
Commercial Radio Companies Association (now Radiocentre)  | CRCA  | 1981[o] | 2006
Yugoslavia | Yugoslav Radio Television (Југослoвенска радиотелевизија, Jugoslavenska radiotelevizija)  | JRT  | 1950  | 1992

### Associate members

[edit]

Countries with associate EBU membership

Any group or organisation from an International Telecommunication Union (ITU) member country, which provides a radio or television service outside of the European Broadcasting Area, is permitted to submit applications to the EBU for Associate Membership.[50]

It is also noted by the EBU that any broadcaster that is granted Associate Member status does not gain access into Eurovision events[3] - notable exceptions being those from Australia, who have participated in the Eurovision Song Contest since 2015 and the Junior Eurovision Song Contest between 2015 and 2019; Canada, who participated in the Eurovision Young Dancers between 1987 and 1989; and Kazakhstan, who participated in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest between 2018 and 2022 - all of which were individually invited.

The list of Associate Members of EBU comprised the following 31 broadcasting companies from 20 countries as of December 2023[update].[3]

Country  | Broadcasting organisation  | Abbr. | Year

|
|
|

Australia | Australian Broadcasting Corporation | ABC | 1950
FreeTV Australia | Free | 1962
Special Broadcasting Service | SBS | 1979
Bangladesh | Bangladesh Television | BTV | 1974
Brazil | TV Cultura (Fundação Padre Anchieta) | FPA | 2012
Canada | Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (Société Radio-Canada) | CBC | 1950
Chile | Canal 13 | C13 | 1971
China | China Media Group (中央广播电视总台) | CMG | 2010
Shanghai Media Group (上海文化廣播影視集團有限公司) | SMG | 2016
Cuba | Cuban Institute of Radio and Television (Instituto Cubano de Radio y Televisión) | ICRT | 1992
Georgia | Teleimedi | TEME | 2004
Rustavi 2 (რუსთავი 2) | RB | 2003
Hong Kong | Radio Television Hong Kong (香港電台) | RTHK | 1983
Iran | Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (صدا و سيمای جمهوری اسلامی ايران) | IRIB | 1968
Japan | Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai (日本放送協会) | NHK | 1951
TBS Holdings (TBSホールディングス) | TBS | 2000
Kazakhstan | Khabar Agency ("Хабар" Агенттігі, Агентство «Хабар») | KA | 2016
Malaysia | Radio Television of Malaysia (Radio Televisyen Malaysia, راديو تيليۏيشن مليسيا) | RTM | 1970
Mauritius | Mauritius Broadcasting Corporation | MBC | 1980
Nepal | Association of Community Radio Broadcasters Nepal | ACORAB | 2023
New Zealand | Radio New Zealand (Te Reo Irirangi o Aotearoa) | RNZ | 1950
Television New Zealand (Te Reo Tātaki o Aotearoa) | TVNZ | 1980
Oman | Public Authority for Radio and TV of Oman | PART | 1976
South Korea | Korean Broadcasting System (한국방송공사) | KBS | 1974
Syria | General Organization of Radio and TV
(Organisation de la Radio-Télévision Arabe Syrienne, الهيئة العامة للإذاعة والتلفزيون – سورية) | ORTAS | 1978
United States | American Broadcasting Company | ABC | 1959
American Public Media | APM | 2004
Columbia Broadcasting System | CBS | 1956
National Public Radio | NPR | 1971
National Broadcasting Company | NBC | 1953
WFMT Radio Network | WFMT | 1980

### Past associate members

[edit]

This section needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (September 2021)

|

The list of past associate members of EBU comprises the following 94 broadcasting companies from 55 countries and 1 autonomous territory.[51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64]

Country  | Broadcasting organisation  | Abbr. | From  | To

|
|
|
|

Argentina | Canal 7 | C7  | 1970  |
El Trece | C13  | 1973  |
Australia | Australian Fine Music Network  | AFMN  | 2008  | 2010
Bahamas | Broadcasting Corporation of The Bahamas | BCB  | 1975  |
Barbados | Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation | BB/CBC  | 1971  | 2005
Benin | Radiodiffusion du Dahomey | RD  |  | 1975
Brazil | Associação Brasileira das Emissoras de Rádio e Televisão | ABERT  |  |
Diários Associados | DA  |  |
Emissoras Unidas de Rádio e Televisão | EURT  |  | 1969
TV Globo | GLOBO  | 1970  |
Network of Independent Broadcasters (Rede de Emissoras Independentes)  | REI  | 1974  | 1975
Rádio Nacional | RN  | 1974  | 1975
Canada | CTV Television Network | CTV  | 1969  |
Agency for Tele-Education in Canada  | ATEC  | 1975  | 1981
Chad | Chadian National Radio (Radiodiffusion Nationale Tchadienne)  | RNT  |  | 1974
Chile | Televisión Nacional de Chile | TVN  | 1970  |
Colombia | Instituto Nacional de Radio y Televisión | IRV  | 1970  |
Congo | Radiodiffusion Télévision Congolaise | RTC  | 1974  |
Costa Rica | Telesistema Nacional S.R.L. | TSN  | 1969  | 1971
Ecuador | Teleamazonas | 4TA  | 1975  |
Gabon | Radiodiffusion-Télévision Gabonaise | RTG  |  |
Gambia | Gambia Radio & Television Service | GRTS  |  | 2010
Ghana | Ghana Broadcasting Corporation | GBC  |  |
Greenland | Kalaallit Nunaata Radioa (Greenlandic Broadcasting Corporation)  | KNR  | 1978  | 2011
Guyana | Guyana Broadcasting Service | GBS  | 1977  |
Haiti | Service des Télécommunications |  |  | 1969
Honduras | Televisora de Honduras, S.A. | TH  | 1969  | 1971
Hong Kong | Asia Television (亞洲電視有限公司)  | ATV  |  | 2010
Television Broadcasts Limited | TVB  | 1973  | 2012/2013
India | All India Radio | AIR  | 1979  | 2021
Indonesia | Radio Republik Indonesia | RRI  | 1973  | 1981
Televisi Republik Indonesia | TVRI  | 1973  | 1981
Iraq | Iraqi Broadcasting and Television Establishment  | IBTE  |  |
Ivory Coast | Radiodiffusion Television Ivoirienne | RTI  |  |
Jamaica | Jamaica Broadcasting Corporation | JBC  | 1970  | 1981
Japan | Mainichi Broadcasting System (株式会社毎日放送, Kabushiki-gaisha Mainichi Hōsō)  | MBS  | 1970  |
TV Asahi | ANB  |  | 2009
Fuji Television | FTN  | 1969  | 2012/2013
National Association of Commercial Broadcasters in Japan | NACB  |  | 2012/2013
Nippon Television Network Corporation (日本テレビ放送網株式会社, Nihon Terebi Hōsōmō kabushiki gaisha)  | NTV  |  | 2009
Tokyo FM | TFM  | 1986  | 2021
Kenya | The Voice of Kenya | VK  |  |
Kuwait | Kuwait Broadcasting and Television Service | KBTS  | 1970  |
Liberia | Liberian Broadcasting Corporation | LBC  |  | 1981
Madagascar | Radiodiffusion-Télévision de Madagascar | RTM  | 1971  |
Malawi | Malawi Broadcasting Corporation | MBC  |  |
Mauritania | Television of Mauritania | MR/TVM  | 2003  | 2013
Mexico | Telesistema Mexicano | TSM  |  | 1973
Televisión Independiente de México (Mexican Independent Television)  | TIM  | 1969  | 1973
Tele-Cadena Mexicana | TCM  | 1969  | 1973
Televisa SA de CV | TVA  | 1973  | 2005
Corporación Mexicana de Radio y Televisión | CMRT  | 1973  |
Nepal | Nepal Television (नेपाल टेलिभिजन)  | NTVC  |  | 2010
Niger | Office de radiodiffusion et Télévision du Niger | ORTN  |  | 1981
Nigeria | Nigerian Broadcasting Corporation | NBC  |  |
Pakistan | Radio Pakistan (ریڈیو پاکستان)  | RP  |  | 1974
Pakistan Television Corporation (پاکستان ٹیلی وژن نیٹ ورک)  | PK/PTV  | 1971  | 2010
Palestine | Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation (هيئة الإذاعة والتلفزيون الفلسطينية)  | PBC  | 2002  | 2014
Papua New Guinea | National Broadcasting Corporation | NBC  | 1977  |
Peru | Teledos | T2  | 1969  | 1971
Compañía Peruana de Radiodifusión | AMÉRICA  | 1969  |
Panamericana Televisión | PANTEL  | 1969  |
Qatar | Qatar Television and Broadcasting Service | QTBC  | 1973  |
Al Jazeera Children's Channel (قناة الجزيرة للأطفال)  | JCC  | 2008  | 2013
Qatar Radio (إذاعة قطر)  | QR  | 2009  | 2009
Saudi Arabia | Saudi Arabian Broadcasting and Television Service | SABTVS  |  |
Senegal | Radiodiffusion Télévision Sénégalaise | RTS  | 1973  | 2006
Sri Lanka | Ceylon Broadcasting Corporation | CBC  |  | 1973
Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation (ශ්‍රී ලංකා ගුවන් විදුලි සංස්ථාව, Shrī Lankā Guvan Viduli Sansthāva) (இலங்கை ஒலிபரப்புக் கூட்டுத்தாபனம், Ilangkai Oliparappuk Kūṭṭuttāpaṉam)  | SLBC  | 2007  | 2010
South Africa | South African Broadcasting Corporation | SABC  | 1951  | 2022
South Korea | Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation (주식회사문화방송)  | MBC  |  | 2009
Sudan | Sudan Television Service | STS  | 1976  |
Tanzania | Tanzania Broadcasting Corporation | TBC  |  |
United Arab Emirates | Emirates Media Inc.  | EMI  |  | 2006
United Arab Emirates Radio And Television – Dubai  | UAERTVD  |  | 2006
United States | National Association of Educational Broadcasters | NAEB  |  | 1981
Time Life Television | TIME  |  | 1970
United States Information Agency | USIA  |  |
National Educational Television | NET  |  | 1970
Educational Broadcasting Corporation | EBC  | 1971  |
Corporation for Public Broadcasting | CPB  | 1972  |
Cable News Network | CNN  |  |
International Broadcasting Bureau | IBB  |  | 2007
Minnesota Public Radio | MPR  | 2004  | 2007
New York Public Radio | NYPR  | 2012  | 2016
WGBH Educational Foundation | WGBH  | 2014  | 2014
Upper Volta | Radiodiffusion-Télévision Voltaïque | RTV  |  | 1981
Uruguay | Sociedad Televisora Larrañaga (Tele 12) | C12  | 1970  | 1976
Venezuela | Teleinversiones S.A. |  | 1969  | 1970
Corporación Venezolana de Televisión | VV  | 1973  |
Radio Caracas Televisión | RCTV  |  | 2010
Radio Caracas Radio | RCR  |  | 2010
Zaire | La Voix du Zaïre | VZ  |  |
Zimbabwe | Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation | ZBC  |  | 2010

### Approved participant members

[edit]

Any groups or organisations from a country with International Telecommunication Union (ITU) membership, which does not qualify for either the EBU's Active or Associate memberships, but still provide a broadcasting activity for the EBU, are granted a unique Approved Participants membership, which lasts approximately five years. An application for this status may be submitted to the EBU at any given time, providing an annual fee is paid.[65]

The following eight EBU broadcast members had status as Approved Participants in November 2024.[66]

Country  | Broadcasting organisation  | Abbr.

|
|

France | Euronews | EURONEWS
Institut national de l'audiovisuel | INA
TV5Monde | TV5
North Macedonia | JP Makedonska Radiodifuzija  | JP MRD
Serbia | Radio Television of Vojvodina | RTV
Spain | Catalunya Música | CAT
Cellnex | CELLNEX

The following members previously had status as Approved Participants.[52][51]

Country/region  | Broadcasting organisation  | Abbr.

|
|

France | International Radio and Television Union (Université radiophonique et télévisuelle internationale) | URTI
Hungary | Antenna Hungária [hu] | AH
Israel | Israeli Educational Television | IETV
MENA | MBC Limited – Middle East Broadcasting Centre | MBC
Russia | Russian Television and Radio Broadcasting Network | RTRN
South Africa | Sentech | SNTC
Spain | Abertis Telecom S.A. | ABERTIS
Retevisión | RETE

## Organised events

[edit]

The EBU in co-operation with the respective host broadcaster organises competitions and events in which its members can participate if they wish to do so. These include:

### Eurovision Song Contest

[edit]

Main article: Eurovision Song Contest

A replica of the Eurovision Song Contest trophy on display in Rotterdam, host city of the 2021 edition

The Eurovision Song Contest (French: Concours Eurovision de la chanson)[67] is an annual international song competition between EBU members, that was first held in Lugano, Switzerland, on 24 May 1956. Seven countries participated - each submitting two songs, for a total of 14. This was the only contest in which more than one song per country was performed: since 1957, all contests have allowed one entry per country. The 1956 contest was won by the host nation, Switzerland.[68] The winner of the most recent contest, which took place in Basel, Switzerland, is Austria.

### Let the Peoples Sing

[edit]

Main article: Let the Peoples Sing

Let the Peoples Sing is a biennial choir competition, the participants of which are chosen from radio recordings entered by EBU radio members. The final, encompassing three categories and around ten choirs, is offered as a live broadcast to all EBU members. The overall winner is awarded the Silver Rose Bowl. The first winner was Glasgow Phoenix Choir, conducted by their Chorus Master Peter Mooney, from Scotland in the 1961 competition that was held in London. The most recent winner is Copenhagen Girls Choir from Denmark, conducted by Anne-Terese Sales, in the 2024 competition that was held in London.

### Jeux sans frontières

[edit]

Main article: Jeux sans frontières

Jeux sans frontières (English: Games Without Borders, lit. 'Games Without Frontiers') was a Europe-wide television game show. In its original conception, it was broadcast from 1965 to 1999 under the auspices of the EBU. The original series' run ended in 1982, but was revived in 1988 with a different composition of nations and was hosted by smaller broadcasters.

### Eurovision Young Musicians

[edit]

Main article: Eurovision Young Musicians

Eurovision Young Musicians is a competition for European musicians that are between the ages of 12 and 21 years old. It is organised by the EBU and is a member of EMCY. The first competition was held in Manchester, United Kingdom on 11 May 1982. The televised competition is held every other year, with some countries holding national finals. Since its inaugural edition in 1982, it has become one of the most important music competitions on an international level. The winner of the most recent contest, which took place in Bodø Municipality, Norway, is Austria.

### Eurovision Young Dancers

[edit]

Main article: Eurovision Young Dancers

Eurovision Young Dancers was a biennial dance showcase broadcast on television throughout Europe. The inaugural competition was held in Reggio Emilia, Italy on 16 June 1985. It uses a format similar to the Eurovision Song Contest. Every participating country has the opportunity to send a dance act to compete for the title of Eurovision Young Dancer. The competition is for solo dancers, and all contestants must be between the ages of 16 and 21, and not professionally engaged. The winner of the most recent contest, which took place in Prague, Czech Republic, is Poland.

### Euroclassic Notturno

[edit]

Main article: Euroclassic Notturno

Euroclassic Notturno is a six-hour sequence of classical music recordings, assembled by BBC Radio from material supplied by EBU members and streamed back to those broadcasters by satellite for use in their overnight classical-music schedules. The recordings used are taken not from commercial CDs, but from earlier (usually live) radio broadcasts.[69][70]

### Junior Eurovision Song Contest

[edit]

Main article: Junior Eurovision Song Contest

The Junior Eurovision Song Contest (French: Concours Eurovision de la Chanson Junior)[71] is an annual international song competition that was first held in Copenhagen, Denmark, on 15 November 2003. Sixteen countries participated in the inaugural edition, with each submitting one song. The inaugural contest was won by Croatia. The winner of the most recent contest, which took place in Madrid, Spain, is Georgia.[72]

### Eurovision Dance Contest

[edit]

Main article: Eurovision Dance Contest

The Eurovision Dance Contest (not to be confused with Eurovision Young Dancers) was an international dancing competition that was held for the first time in London, United Kingdom, on 1 September 2007. The inaugural contest was won by Finland. The competition was repeated in 2008 when it was held in Glasgow, United Kingdom, but has not been held since. The winner of the most recent contest is Poland.

### Magic Circus Show

[edit]

Main article: Magic Circus Show

The Magic Circus Show was an entertainment show organised by the EBU, which took place in 2010, 2011 and 2012 in Geneva, Switzerland. Children aged between 7–14 representing eight countries within the EBU membership area performed a variety of circus acts at the Geneva Christmas Circus (French: Cirque de Noël Genève). The main show was also accompanied by the Magic Circus Show Orchestra.[73]

### Eurovision Choir

[edit]

Main article: Eurovision Choir

The inaugural Eurovision Choir, featuring non-professional choirs selected by EBU members, took place on 22 July 2017 in Riga, Latvia, hosted by the Latvian broadcaster Latvijas Televīzija (LTV). Nine countries took part in the first edition. Carmen Manet from Slovenia was the first winner and the winner of the most recent contest, which took place in Gothenburg, Sweden, was Vocal Line from Denmark.

### European Sports Championships

[edit]

Main article: European Championships (multi-sport event)

The European Sports Championships is a multi-sport event involving some of the leading sports in Europe. The European Governing Bodies for athletics, aquatics, cycling, rowing, golf, gymnastics and triathlon, coordinated their individual championships as part of the first edition[74] in the summer of 2018, hosted by the cities of Berlin, Germany (already chosen as the host for the 2018 European Athletics Championships) and Glasgow, United Kingdom (already chosen as the host for the 2018 European Aquatics Championships, and which concurrently also hosted the events of the other sports).[75][76]

## Olympic Games

[edit]

The EBU first covered the Olympic Games in 1956, and has historically acquired broadcasting rights on behalf of its members.[77] The amount paid by the EBU steadily increased over time, paying US$22 million for broadcasting rights for Los Angeles 1984, US$240 million for Atlanta 1996,[78] US$394 million for Athens 2004[79] and US$746million for Vancouver 2010 and London 2012.[80]

In 2008, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) decided to negotiate individually with broadcasters for rights to the 2014-2016 Olympic Games – as the EBU had not "offered enough money".[81][82] The IOC subsequently signed individual deals with broadcasters in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Turkey and the UK, selling the remainder of the broadcasting rights to Sportfive for US$315 million.[83] Despite an attempt by the EBU to purchase broadcasting rights for the 2018-2024 Olympic Games, the IOC awarded a contract to Discovery Communications in June 2015.[84][85] The EBU criticised the decision, stating that it shows a "shift in the IOC’s positioning of the Olympic Games as a free-to-air event that reached all of the European television audience – to a pay event with minimum free-to-air obligations".[86]

In January 2023, the IOC announced that a joint bid from the EBU and Warner Bros. Discovery had been awarded rights for all Olympic Games from the 2026 Winter Olympics to the 2032 Summer Olympics. The joint bid follows criticism of the 2015 deal to award European television rights to Discovery.[87] Each EBU member will broadcast at least 200 hours of coverage of the Summer Olympics and at least 100 hours of the Winter Olympics, whereas Warner Bros. Discovery will have unlimited rights.[88][89]

## See also

[edit]

* African Union of Broadcasting
* Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union
* Caribbean Broadcasting Union
* Commonwealth Broadcasting Association
* Commonwealth Press Union
* Europe by Satellite
* International Telecommunication Union
* North American Broadcasters Association
* Organización de Telecomunicaciones de Iberoamérica
* Public Broadcasting System

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Succeeded by Česká televize (ČT) of the Czech Republic and Slovenská televízia (STV) of Slovakia
2. ^ Succeeded by Groupement des Radiodiffuseurs Français de l'UER (GRF)
3. ^ Succeeded again by Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation (ERT)
4. ^ Succeeded by Duna Media Service; operated by Media Support and Asset Management Fund (MTVA)
5. ^ Succeeded by the Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation (KAN)
6. ^ Succeeded by Média de service public 100,7 (MSP)
7. ^ Succeeded by Nederlandse Omroep Stichting (NOS)
8. ^ Succeeded by AVROTROS
9. ^ Succeeded by Channel One (C1R)
10. ^ Succeeded by Radio i televizija Crne Gore (RTCG) of Montenegro and Radiotelevizija Srbije (RTS) of Serbia separately (previously these were sub-broadcasters of UJRT)
11. ^ Succeeded by Radio and Television of Slovakia (RTVS)
12. ^ Succeeded by Slovak Television and Radio (STVR)
13. ^ Succeeded by Radio and Télévision Tunisienne (RTT)
14. ^ Succeeded by United Kingdom Independent Broadcasting (UKIB)
15. ^ Founded as Association of Independent Radio Contractors (AIRC) in 1973. It became CRCA in 1996 and merged with Radio Advertising Bureau in 2006 to create Radiocentre.[49]

## References

[edit]

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45. ^ Potter, W. (24 October 1994). The implementation of satellite technology in the Eurovision network (PDF). Retrieved 10 October 2020.
46. ^ Granger, Anthony (13 November 2019). "Finland: MTV3 Leaves European Broadcasting Union". Eurovoix. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 14 November 2019.
47. ^ "Radio Cadena COPE abandona la UER" [Radio Cadena COPE leaves the EBU] (in Spanish). 15 August 2019. Archived from the original on 1 April 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
48. ^ Granger, Anthony (13 November 2019). "Sweden: TV4 Ends Membership of the European Broadcasting Union". Eurovoix. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 14 November 2019.
49. ^ "Facts – History". RadioCentre. 31 May 2015. Archived from the original on 31 May 2015.
50. ^ "Admission". ebu.ch. EBU. Retrieved 27 June 2009.
51. ^ a b "Associate Members". Archived from the original on 19 October 2002.
52. ^ a b "EBU.CH: Associate Members and Approved Participants". Archived from the original on 12 December 2007.
53. ^ "EBU – Members". Archived from the original on 7 November 2014.
54. ^ "The Europa Year Book 1968 A World Survey". 1968. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
55. ^ "The Europa Year Book 1970 A World Survey". 1970. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
56. ^ "The Europa Year Book 1971 A World Survey". 1971. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
57. ^ "The Europa Year Book 1972 A World Survey". 1972. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
58. ^ "The Europa Year Book 1974 A World Survey". 1974. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
59. ^ "The Europa Year Book 1978 A World Survey". 1978. Retrieved 17 May 2024.
60. ^ EBU Review. Administrative Office of the European Broadcasting Union. 1976. p. 41\. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 17 May 2024.
61. ^ EBU Review. European Broadcasting Union. 1984. p. 41\. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 17 May 2024.
62. ^ EBU Review. European Broadcasting Union. 1989. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2024.
63. ^ EBU Review. Administrative Office of the European Broadcasting Union. 1977. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2024.
64. ^ EBU Review. Administrative Office of the European Broadcasting Union. 1975. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2024.
65. ^ "Approved Participants". European Broadcasting Union. Retrieved 10 October 2014.
66. ^ "EBU Directory" (PDF). European Broadcasting Union. 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
67. ^ "Winners of the Eurovision Song Contest" (PDF). European Broadcasting Union. 2003. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 June 2011. Retrieved 26 December 2007.
68. ^ "Historical Milestones". European Broadcasting Union. 2005. Archived from the original on 26 May 2006. Retrieved 26 May 2006.
69. ^ "Euroradio Notturno". EBU. Retrieved 18 January 2014.
70. ^ "Through the Night". BBC. Archived from the original on 2 September 2008. Retrieved 18 January 2014.
71. ^ "Official information page" (in French). European Broadcasting Union. 10 December 2007. Archived from the original on 28 September 2012. Retrieved 6 July 2008.
72. ^ "Andria Putkaradze has won Junior Eurovision 2024 for Georgia". European Broadcasting Union. 17 November 2024.
73. ^ Burkhardt, Nadja (16 November 2012). "Eurovision Magic Circus Show". ebu.ch. European Broadcasting Union. Retrieved 6 September 2016.
74. ^ europeansportschampionships.com Archived 5 April 2019 at the Wayback Machine ESC Press Release
75. ^ "European Athletics – Leading sports bring together their European championships in 2018". Archived from the original on 25 November 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2016.
76. ^ "Rowing joins the innovative European Sports Championships – worldrowing.com". Archived from the original on 21 May 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2016.
77. ^ "EBU delivers Olympics Games to Europe". eurovision.tv. 11 August 2008. Retrieved 1 July 2025.
78. ^ "Case Study: The European Broadcasting Union". www.itu.int. Retrieved 22 July 2024. "The EBU has secured the rights to broadcast the Atlanta Olympic Games for a cost of $US240 million. Within its coverage area, 54 television organizations will broadcast the event throughout 44 countries, making use of 20 satellite channels."
79. ^ "COMMISSION DECISION of 10 May 2000 relating to a proceeding pursuant to Article 81 of the EC Treaty (Case IV/32.150 — Eurovision) (notified under document number C(2000) 1171)". Official Journal of the European Communities. 24 June 2000. "ANNEX IV The costs of the European rights to the Olympics for the EBU"
80. ^ "EBU and IOC sign contract for TV rights for 2010/ 2012". International Olympic Committee. 21 August 2004.
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83. ^ "IOC looks to UK to drive European broadcast income beyond $1 billion". Inside the Games. 7 June 2012.
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## External links

[edit]

* Media related to European Broadcasting Union at Wikimedia Commons
* Official website

* v
* t
* e

European Broadcasting Union (EBU)

Technologies|

* AES/EBU
* EBU colour bars
* EBU R 128
* Euroradio
* Eurovision

Events|

* News Xchange
* Rose d'Or

Productions|

| Animated series|

* The Adventures of Marco & Gina (2003)
* The Animals of Farthing Wood (1993–1995)
* Noah's Island (1997-1999)
* Once Upon a Time... Planet Earth (2008)
* Pitt & Kantrop (2005–2006)
* Tom (2003)
* Gawayn (2009-2013)

|

Competitions|

* Eurovision Choir (2017–2019)
* Eurovision Dance Contest (2007–2008)
* Eurovision Song Contest (since 1956)
* Eurovision Young Dancers (1985–2017)
* Eurovision Young Musicians (since 1982)
* Jeux sans frontières (1965–1999)
* Junior Eurovision Song Contest (since 2003)
* Let the Peoples Sing (since 1961)

Programmes|

* Europe's Biggest Dance Show (since 2019)
* Euroclassic Notturno (since 1998)
* Eurovision Debate (2014, 2019, 2024)
* Magic Circus Show (2010–2012)
* Our World (1967)

* v
* t
* e

Members of the European Broadcasting Union

Active
members|

| Current|

* ARD
* BR
* DLR
* DW
* HR
* MDR
* NDR
* RB
* RBB
* SR
* SWR
* WDR
* ARMR
* ARMTV
* Arte
* BBC
* BHRT
* BNR
* BNT
* ČRo
* ČT
* CyBC
* DR
* ENRS
* EPTV
* ERR
* ER
* ETV
* ERT
* ERA
* GPB
* GRF
* FMM
* FTV
* RF
* HRT
* HR
* İCTI
* İR
* İTV
* JRTV
* KAN
* LNC
* LRT
* LSM
* LR
* LTV
* MMD
* MRT
* MSP
* MTVA
* Duna
* NPO
* AVROTROS
* BNNVARA
* EO
* HUMAN
* KRO-NCRV
* MAX
* NOS
* NTR
* ON
* PowNed
* Ster
* VPRO
* WNL
* Zwart
* NRK
* NTU
* ORF
* PBS
* PR
* RAI
* ROR
* RTBF
* RTCG
* RTÉ
* RTL
* RTP
* RTS
* RTSH
* RTT
* RT
* TT
* RTVA
* RTVE
* RNE
* TVE
* RTVSLO
* RÚV
* SMRTV
* SNRT
* SRG SSR
* SRT
* SR
* SVT
* UR
* STVR
* SU
* TDA
* TG4
* TL
* TRM
* TRT
* TV 2 (DK)
* TV 2 (NO)
* TVM (MC)
* TVP
* TVR
* UKIB
* C4
* ITV
* S4C
* STV
* VR
* VRT
* Yle
* ZDF

|

Suspended|

* BTRC
* C1R
* RDO
* MK
* OP
* VGTRK

Former|

* A3R
* C+
* C1O
* COPE
* CRCA
* ČST
* E1
* ERTT
* GRMC
* RMC
* TMC
* IBA (GB)
* IBA (IL)
* INR-NIR
* ITA
* ITCA
* JRT
* LJBC
* MBA
* MR
* MTV (FI)
* MTV (HU)
* NERIT
* NRU
* OFRT
* ORTF
* RTF
* RTVS
* SER
* SRo
* STV
* TDF
* TF1
* TMC
* TV4
* UJRT

Associate
members|

| Current|

* ABC (AU)
* ABC (US)
* ACORAB
* APM
* C13 (CL)
* CBC/SRC (CA)
* CBS
* CMG
* CCTV
* CGTN
* CNR
* CRI
* FPA
* Free
* ICRT
* IRIB
* KA
* KBS
* MBC (MU)
* NBAB
* NBC (US)
* NHK
* NPR
* ORTAS
* PART
* RB
* RNZ
* RTHK
* RTM
* SBS
* SMG
* TBS
* TEME
* TVNZ
* WFMT

|

Former|

* 4TA
* ABERT
* AFMN
* AIR
* AMÉRICA
* ANB
* ATEC
* ATV
* BCB
* C7
* C12
* C13 (AR)
* CBC (BB)
* CBC (LK)
* CMRT
* CNN
* CPB
* CTV
* DA
* EBC
* EMI
* EURT
* FTN
* GBC
* GBS
* GLOBO
* GRTS
* IBB
* IRV
* JBC
* JCC
* IBTE
* KBTS
* KNR
* LBC
* MBC (MW)
* MBC (KR)
* MBS
* MPR
* NACB
* NAEB
* NBC (NG)
* NBC (PNG)
* NET
* NTV
* NTVC
* NYPR
* ORTN
* PANTEL
* PBC
* PTV
* QR
* QTBC
* RCR
* RCTV
* RD
* REI
* RN
* RNT
* RP
* RRI
* RTC
* RTG
* RTI
* RTM
* RTS
* RTV
* SABC
* SABTVS
* SLBC
* STS
* T2
* TBC
* TCM
* TFM/JOAU-FM
* TH
* TIM
* TIME
* TSM
* TSN
* TVA
* TVB
* TVM (MR)
* TVN
* TVRI
* UAERTVD
* USIA
* VK
* VV
* VZ
* WGBH
* ZBC

Approved
participants|

| Current|

* CAT
* Cellnex
* Euronews
* INA
* JPMRD
* RTV
* TV5Monde

|

Former|

* Abertis
* AH
* IETV
* MEBC
* RETE
* RTRN
* SNTC
* URTI

* v
* t
* e

International broadcasting organizations

Current|

* ABU
* AIB
* ASBU
* AUB
* CBA
* CMC
* CPU
* EBU
* IAB
* NABA
* OTI
* SA
* AMARC
* WITBN
* WBU
* WRN

Former|

* CANA
* CBU
* IBU
* OIRT

Coordinators|

* ITU
* IATC

See also: International broadcasting

* v
* t
* e

Television in Europe

Sovereign states|

* Albania
* Andorra
* Armenia
* Austria
* Azerbaijan
* Belarus
* Belgium
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Estonia
* Finland
* France
* Georgia
* Germany
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland
* Ireland
*   * Italy
* Kazakhstan
* Latvia
* Liechtenstein
* Lithuania
* Luxembourg
* Malta
* Moldova
* Monaco
* Montenegro
* Netherlands
* North Macedonia
* Norway
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romania
* Russia
* San Marino
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Turkey
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom

States with limited
recognition|

* Abkhazia
* Kosovo
* Northern Cyprus
* South Ossetia
* Transnistria

Dependencies and
other entities|

* Åland
* Faroe Islands
* Gibraltar
* Guernsey
* Isle of Man
* Jersey
* Svalbard

* v
* t
* e

List of radio stations in Europe

Sovereign states|

* Albania
* Andorra
* Armenia
* Austria
* Azerbaijan
* Belarus
* Belgium
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Estonia
* Finland
* France
* Georgia
* Germany
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland
* Ireland
*   * Italy
* Kazakhstan
* Latvia
* Liechtenstein
* Lithuania
* Luxembourg
* Malta
* Moldova
* Monaco
* Montenegro
* Netherlands
* North Macedonia
* Norway
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romania
* Russia
* San Marino
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Turkey
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom

States with limited
recognition|

* Abkhazia
* Kosovo
* Northern Cyprus
* South Ossetia
* Transnistria

Authority control databases

International|

* ISNI
* VIAF

National|

* Germany
* United States
* France
* BnF data
* Australia
* Czech Republic
* Spain
* Norway
* Poland
* Israel

Academics|

* CiNii

Other|

* IdRef
* Yale LUX

Portals:

* Radio
* Television

*[Abbr.]: Abbreviation
*[lit.]: Literal translation
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[(DK)]: Denmark
*[(NO)]: Norway
*[(MC)]: Monaco
*[(GB)]: United Kingdom
*[(IL)]: Israel
*[(FI)]: Finland
*[(HU)]: Hungary
*[(AU)]: Australia
*[(US)]: United States
*[(CL)]: Chile
*[(CA)]: Canada
*[(MU)]: Mauritius
*[(AR)]: Argentina
*[(BB)]: Barbados
*[(LK)]: Sri Lanka
*[(MW)]: Malawi
*[(KR)]: South Korea
*[(NG)]: Nigeria
*[(PNG)]: Papua New Guinea
*[(MR)]: Mauritania