Eurovision Song Contest 1961

International song competition

Eurovision Song Contest 1961

Date and venue
Final|

* 18 March 1961 (1961-03-18)

Venue| Palais des Festivals et des Congrès
Cannes, France
Organisation
Organiser| European Broadcasting Union (EBU)
Production
Host broadcaster| Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française (RTF)
Producer| Marcel Cravenne
Director| Maurice Barry
Musical director| Franck Pourcel
Presenter| Jacqueline Joubert
Participants
Number of entries| 16
Debuting countries|

* Finland
* Spain
* Yugoslavia

Participation map

* Participating countries

Vote
Voting system| Ten-member juries in each country; each member gave one vote to their favourite song
Winning song|  Luxembourg
"Nous les amoureux"
1960 ← Eurovision Song Contest → 1962

* * *

Event page at eurovision.tv

The Eurovision Song Contest 1961, originally known as the Grand Prix Eurovision 1961 de la Chanson Européenne (English: Eurovision Song Contest Grand Prix 1961[1]), was the 6th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest, held on 18 March 1961 at the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès in Cannes, France, and presented by Jacqueline Joubert. It was organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française (RTF), who staged the event after winning the 1960 contest for France with the song "Tom Pillibi" by Jacqueline Boyer. It was the second time that France had hosted the contest, becoming the first country to host the contest on two separate occasions, following the 1959 event which was also held in the Palais des Festivals in Cannes and was also presented by Jacqueline Joubert. In a new record number of participants broadcasters from sixteen countries entered the contest, with the thirteen countries which competed in 1960 present alongside Finland, Spain, and Yugoslavia, all three making their first contest appearances.

The winner was Luxembourg with the song "Nous les amoureux", composed by Jacques Datin, written by Maurice Vidalin [fr] and performed by Jean-Claude Pascal, the first of an eventual five contest victories for the country. Although not interpreted as such at the time, the winning song has since been reevaluated and reinterpreted as a song about homosexual love, a topic which would have been considered taboo if publicly spoken in 1961. The United Kingdom placed second for the third consecutive contest, while Switzerland came third.

## Location

[edit]

Palais des Festivals et des Congrès, Cannes – host venue of the 1961 contest

The 1961 contest took place in Cannes, France, following the nation's victory at the 1960 edition in London, the United Kingdom, with the song "Tom Pillibi", performed by Jacqueline Boyer. The selected venue was the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès, built in 1949 to host the Cannes Film Festival and located on the Promenade de la Croisette along the shore of the Mediterranean Sea.[2][3] Due to the growth in the film festival a new building bearing the same name was opened in 1982, with the original building renamed as the Palais Croisette.[4]

This was the second time that the contest was staged in France, with the same venue having already hosted the 1959 contest.[2][5][6] It also marked the first time that a country and city had staged the contest on two separate occasions.[7]

Other events held during the week of the contest included a supper for the participating delegations, which was held after the contest in the Salon des Ambassadeurs in the city's Casino municipal [fr].[8]

## Participants

[edit]

Further information: List of countries in the Eurovision Song Contest

This section contains numerous links to pages on foreign language Wikipedias. They are shown as red links with the language codes in [small blue letters] in brackets. Click on the language code to see the page in that language.

|

Eurovision Song Contest 1961 - Participation summaries by country

* Austria
* Belgium
* Denmark
* Finland
* France
* Germany
* Italy
* Luxembourg
* Monaco
* Netherlands
* Norway
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* United Kingdom
* Yugoslavia

Nora Brockstedt represented Norway in the contest for a second consecutive year.

The 1961 contest saw the first entries from Finland, Spain and Yugoslavia. Joining the thirteen countries which had competed in the previous year's event, this led to the contest growing to a record number of sixteen participants.[2][6]

Bob Benny and Nora Brockstedt both made a second appearance in the contest for their respective countries. Benny had placed sixth for Belgium in 1959 with the song "Hou toch van mij", while Brockstedt had placed fourth for Norway in 1960 with "Voi-voi".[9] Also among the participating artists was Germany's Lale Andersen, who had gained significant international fame and popularity during World War II, both in Allied and Axis countries, for her interpretation of "Lili Marleen".[9][10][11] At 56 years old, Andersen was the oldest performer to have competed in the contest, and held this record until 2008, when 75-year-old Ladislav Demeterffy (also known as 75 Cents) competed for Croatia with the group Kraljevi ulice.[12][13][14]

Eurovision Song Contest 1961 participants[9][15] Country  | Broadcaster  | Artist  | Song  | Language  | Songwriter(s)  | Conductor

|
|
|
|
|
|

Austria | ORF | Jimmy Makulis | "Sehnsucht"  | German  | Leopold Andrejewitsch  | Franck Pourcel
Belgium | BRT | Bob Benny | "September, gouden roos"  | Dutch  |

* Wim Brabants
* Hans Flower [nl]

| Francis Bay
Denmark | DR | Dario Campeotto | "Angelique"  | Danish  | Aksel V. Rasmussen  | Kai Mortensen
Finland | YLE | Laila Kinnunen | "Valoa ikkunassa"  | Finnish  |

* Eino Hurme
* Sauvo Puhtila [fi]

| George de Godzinsky
France | RTF | Jean-Paul Mauric | "Printemps (avril carillonne)"  | French  |

* Francis Baxter
* Guy Favereau

| Franck Pourcel
Germany | HR[a] | Lale Andersen | "Einmal sehen wir uns wieder"  | German, French  |

* Ernst Bader
* Rudolf Maluck

| Franck Pourcel
Italy | RAI | Betty Curtis | "Al di là"  | Italian  |

* Carlo Donida
* Giulio Rapetti

| Gianfranco Intra
Luxembourg | CLT | Jean-Claude Pascal | "Nous les amoureux"  | French  |

* Jacques Datin
* Maurice Vidalin [fr]

| Léo Chauliac
Monaco | TMC | Colette Deréal | "Allons, allons les enfants"  | French  |

* Pierre Delanoë
* Hubert Giraud

| Raymond Lefèvre
Netherlands | NTS | Greetje Kauffeld | "Wat een dag"  | Dutch  |

* Pieter Goemans
* Dick Schallies [nl]

| Dolf van der Linden
Norway | NRK | Nora Brockstedt | "Sommer i Palma"  | Norwegian  |

* Egil Hagen [no]
* Jan Wølner

| Øivind Bergh
Spain | TVE | Conchita Bautista | "Estando contigo"  | Spanish  |

* Augusto Algueró
* Antonio Guijarro Campoy [es]

| Rafael Ferrer [ca]
Sweden | SR | Lill-Babs | "April, april"  | Swedish  |

* Bo Eneby [sv]
* Bobbie Ericson [sv]

| William Lind [sv]
Switzerland | SRG SSR | Franca di Rienzo [fr] | "Nous aurons demain"  | French  |

* Émile Gardaz
* Géo Voumard

| Fernando Paggi
United Kingdom | BBC | The Allisons | "Are You Sure?"  | English  |

* John Alford
* Bob Day

| Harry Robinson
Yugoslavia | JRT | Ljiljana Petrović | "Neke davne zvezde" (Неке давне звезде) | Serbo-Croatian |

* Miroslav Antić
* Jože Privšek

| Jože Privšek

## Production and format

[edit]

The contest was organised and broadcast by the French public broadcaster Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française (RTF).[6] Marcel Cravenne [fr] served as producer and director, Maurice Barry [fr] served as cinematographer, Gérard Dubois served as designer, and Franck Pourcel served as musical director, leading forty musicians of the Orchestre national de la RTF.[1][17][18][19] Each participating delegation was allowed to nominate its own musical director to lead the orchestra during the performance of its country's entry, with the host musical director also conducting for those countries which did not nominate their own conductor.[9] The event was presented by Jacqueline Joubert, who had also hosted the 1959 contest; Joubert remains as of 2025[update] one of only three individuals to have presented multiple Eurovision Song Contests, alongside the UK's Katie Boyle (1960, 1963, 1968 and 1974) and Sweden's Petra Mede (2013, 2016 and 2024).[20]

Each country, participating through a single EBU member broadcaster, was represented by one song performed by up to two people on stage. The results of the event were determined through jury voting, with each country's jury containing ten individuals who each gave one vote to their favourite song, with no abstentions allowed and with jurors unable to vote for their own country.[6][21][22] The jury comprised members of the public who represented the average television viewer.[23] Many of the other aspects of the show were however almost identical to the previous contest in Cannes, including the opening film, direction, production and the scoreboard used during the voting process.[5][24]

The stage design was notably larger than in previous years, featuring a central large staircase covered in flowers, trees and shrubs, with an painted outdoor scene in the background, giving an impression of a Mediterranean garden.[5][17][24] Dubois chose the trees to be featured within the stage design with André Racot, the head of the Cannes municipal gardens, making sure that the trees were not too dark when shown on black-and-white television.[17][25] The original design featured the green room within the stage, with the artists remaining on stage after they had performed, however this idea ultimately did not feature in the final design constructed for the event.[17][26]

The draw to determine the running order took place on 16 March 1961 at the Carlton Hotel in Cannes, conducted by Jacqueline Joubert and assisted by two children aged six and four.[27][28] The draw also featured interviews with some of the participating acts conducted by Robert Beauvais.[27] Rehearsals commenced in the contest venue on the same day.[28]

## Contest overview

[edit]

Jean-Claude Pascal, the winning artist of the 1961 contest

The contest was held on 18 March 1961 at 20:00 (CET) and lasted 1 hour and 39 minutes.[6][9][29] It was the first time that the contest was staged on a Saturday night, which has since become the traditional day on which the grand final of the contest is staged.[6] The interval act was a dance performance by Tessa Beaumont and Max Bozzoni [fr] titled Rencontres à Cannes, with music by Raymond Lefèvre.[29][30][31] The prize for the winning artist and songwriters, an engraved medallion, was presented by Tessa Beaumont.[29][30][32]

The winner was Luxembourg represented by the song "Nous les amoureux", composed by Jacques Datin, written by Maurice Vidalin [fr] and performed by the French singer and actor Jean-Claude Pascal.[33] This was the first of an eventual five contest victories that Luxembourg would go on to achieve.[34] The United Kingdom's entry came second for the third consecutive contest, while the Swiss entry placed third.[6][22]

Although not widely interpreted as such at the time of the contest, it has since become known that the winning song speaks clandestinely of a homosexual relationship: the lyrics refer to a love that is frowned upon by society and forbidden by religion, however the singer hopes that one day their relationship will continue without controversy.[35][36] Songs of such subject matter would have been considered taboo, and would not have been allowed to be spoken of widely in 1961; same-sex sexual activities were illegal in almost half of the countries competing in the contest at the time, including in Austria, West Germany, the UK and Spain.[35] Therefore, the true meaning of the lyrics was required to be hidden behind subtext and double meanings, an interpretation later affirmed by Pascal, himself a gay man, although he never publicly came out during his lifetime.[35][36][37] Given the song was released before the emergence of the modern gay liberation movement, it has since been interpreted as an early protest song in favour of rights for sexual minorities.[36][37] The song has since been used more visibly to highlight LGBTQ rights, including in a promotional video by the French government to highlight homophobia, biphobia and transphobia.[38]

Results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1961[9][39] R/O | Country  | Artist  | Song  | Votes  | Place

|
|
|
|
|

1  |  Spain | Conchita Bautista | "Estando contigo"  | 8  | 9
2  |  Monaco | Colette Deréal | "Allons, allons les enfants"  | 6  | 10
3  |  Austria | Jimmy Makulis | "Sehnsucht"  | 1  | 15
4  |  Finland | Laila Kinnunen | "Valoa ikkunassa"  | 6  | 10
5  |  Yugoslavia | Ljiljana Petrović | "Neke davne zvezde"  | 9  | 8
6  |  Netherlands | Greetje Kauffeld | "Wat een dag"  | 6  | 10
7  |  Sweden | Lill-Babs | "April, april"  | 2  | 14
8  |  Germany | Lale Andersen | "Einmal sehen wir uns wieder"  | 3  | 13
9  |  France | Jean-Paul Mauric | "Printemps (avril carillonne)"  | 13  | 4
10  |  Switzerland | Franca di Rienzo | "Nous aurons demain"  | 16  | 3
11  |  Belgium | Bob Benny | "September, gouden roos"  | 1  | 15
12  |  Norway | Nora Brockstedt | "Sommer i Palma"  | 10  | 7
13  |  Denmark | Dario Campeotto | "Angelique"  | 12  | 5
14  |  Luxembourg | Jean-Claude Pascal | "Nous les amoureux"  | 31  | 1
15  |  United Kingdom | The Allisons | "Are You Sure?"  | 24  | 2
16  |  Italy | Betty Curtis | "Al di là"  | 12  | 5

### Spokespersons

[edit]

Each participating broadcaster appointed a spokesperson, connected to the contest venue via telephone lines and responsible for announcing, in English or French, the votes for its respective country.[40][41] Known spokespersons at the 1961 contest are listed below.

* Finland - Poppe Berg [fi][42]
* Netherlands - Siebe van der Zee [nl][43]
* Sweden - Roland Eiworth [sv][24]
* United Kingdom - Michael Aspel[44]

## Detailed voting results

[edit]

Jury voting was used to determine the scores awarded by all countries. The announcement of the results from each country was conducted in reverse order to that which each country performed, with the spokespersons announcing their country's votes in English or French in performance order.[22][26] The detailed breakdown of the votes awarded by each country is listed in the tables below, with voting countries listed in the order in which they presented their votes.

Detailed voting results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1961[45][46] |

Total score

Italy

United Kingdom

Luxembourg

Denmark

Norway

Belgium

Switzerland

France

Germany

Sweden

Netherlands

Yugoslavia

Finland

Austria

Monaco

Spain

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Contestants

| Spain  | 8 |  | 1 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 2 |  | 1 | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |
Monaco  | 6 |  | 1 |  |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  | 3 |  |  | 1
Austria  | 1 |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Finland  | 6 | 2 | 2 |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Yugoslavia  | 9 |  | 1 |  | 1 |  |  | 1 | 2 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 3 |  |
Netherlands  | 6 | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1 | 1 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |
Sweden  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Germany  | 3 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |
France  | 13 |  | 2 | 1 |  |  |  |  |  | 4 | 1 |  |  | 1 |  | 2 | 2
Switzerland  | 16 | 2 | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4 | 2 | 1 |  | 2 | 2 | 1
Belgium  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Norway  | 10 |  |  |  | 1 |  | 5 |  |  |  |  |  | 1 | 2 |  |  | 1
Denmark  | 12 |  |  |  |  | 8 |  |  |  |  | 2 | 1 |  | 1 |  |  |
Luxembourg  | 31 | 3 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2
United Kingdom  | 24 | 1 |  | 8 | 1 |  | 1 | 7 |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  |  | 3
Italy  | 12 |  |  |  | 4 |  | 4 |  | 1 |  |  | 1 | 1 |  |  | 1 |

## Broadcasts

[edit]

Broadcasters competing in the event were required to relay the contest via its networks; non-participating EBU member broadcasters were also able to relay the contest.[40] Broadcasters were able to send commentators to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language and to relay information about the artists and songs to their television viewers. These commentators were typically sent to the venue to report on the event, and were able to provide commentary from small booths constructed at the back of the venue.[47][48] Local press reported a total of 14 commentators reporting on the contest, with a total of 16 countries broadcasting the event.[8][17]

No official accounts of total international viewing figures are known to exist; an estimate given in the French press ahead of the contest suggested there would be 40 million viewers across Europe.[17] Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators are shown in the tables below.

Broadcasters and commentators  Country  | Broadcaster  | Channel(s)  | Commentator(s)  | Ref.

|
|
|
|

Austria  | ORF | ORF |  | [49]
Belgium  | BRT | BRT | Nic Bal [nl] | [50][51][52]
RTB | RTB | Robert Beauvais
Denmark  | DR | Danmarks Radio TV, Program 1 | Sejr Volmer-Sørensen | [53]
Finland  | YLE | Suomen Televisio, Yleisohjelma [fi] | Aarno Walli [fi] | [54][55]
France  | RTF | RTF, France I | Robert Beauvais  | [23][56][32]
Germany  | ARD | Deutsches Fernsehen | Wolf Mittler | [57]
Italy  | RAI | RAI Televisione, Secondo Programma | Corrado Mantoni | [58][59][60]
Luxembourg  | CLT | Télé-Luxembourg | Robert Beauvais  | [52][61]
Monaco  | Télé Monte-Carlo, Radio Monte Carlo | Robert Beauvais  | [52][56]
Netherlands  | NTS | NTS | Piet te Nuyl Jr.  | [62][63]
NRU | Hilversum 1 | Coen Serré
Norway  | NRK | NRK Fjernsynet, NRK | Leif Rustad | [64][65]
Spain  | TVE | TVE | Federico Gallo [es] | [66][67]
RNE | RNE |  | [66]
Sweden  | SR | Sveriges TV, SR P1 | Jan Gabrielsson [sv] | [68]
Switzerland  | SRG SSR | TV DRS, Radio Bern |  | [69]
TSR | Robert Beauvais  | [70]
TSI, Radio Monte Ceneri |  | [71]
Radio Sottens |  | [72]
United Kingdom  | BBC | BBC TV | Tom Sloan | [1]
Yugoslavia  | JRT | Televizija Beograd, Radio Beograd 1, Televizija Ljubljana, Televizija Zagreb | Saša Novak  | [73][74][75][76][77]
Radio Ljubljana 2 |  | [74]

## Notes and references

[edit]

### Notes

[edit]

1. ^ On behalf of the German public broadcasting consortium ARD[16]

### References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c "Eurovision Song Contest Grand Prix 1961". Radio Times. London, United Kingdom. 18 March 1961. Retrieved 10 July 2022 - via BBC Genome Project.
2. ^ a b c Roxburgh 2012, p. 254.
3. ^ "The Palais Croisette : 33 years of service". Cannes. 4 October 2021. Archived from the original on 2 March 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2025.
4. ^ "The 1983 festival inaugurates the Palais des Festivals". Cannes. 4 October 2021. Archived from the original on 1 March 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2025.
5. ^ a b c O'Connor 2010, pp. 18–19.
6. ^ a b c d e f g "Cannes 1961". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 31 May 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2025.
7. ^ "The Origins of Eurovision". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). 27 May 2019. Archived from the original on 21 December 2024. Retrieved 7 January 2025.
8. ^ a b "Grand Prix Eurovision de la chanson" [Eurovision Song Grand Prix]. L'Espoir de Nice et du Sud-Est. Nice, France. 18 March 1961. p. 4\. ISSN 1166-9012.
9. ^ a b c d e f Roxburgh 2012, pp. 254–259.
10. ^ "Vor 50 Jahren starb "Lili Marleen"-Sängerin Lale Andersen" [50 years ago "Lili Marleen" singer Lale Andersen died] (in German). ARD. 29 August 2022. Archived from the original on 31 August 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2025.
11. ^ G.O. (11 November 2016). "'Lili Marlene': the song that united Allied and Axis troops". The Economist. Retrieved 7 January 2025.
12. ^ O'Connor 2015, pp. 32–33, "Rock and Roll Kids: Eurovision's Oldest and Youngest".
13. ^ "Eurovision history: Age is just a number". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). 16 April 2015. Archived from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2025.
14. ^ Gudim, Laura (20 November 2010). "Croatia: Laci from Kraljevi Ulice dies at 78". ESCToday. Archived from the original on 12 May 2014. Retrieved 7 January 2025.
15. ^ "Cannes 1961 – Participants". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 4 February 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
16. ^ "Alle deutschen ESC-Acts und ihre Titel" [All German ESC acts and their songs] (in German). ARD. Archived from the original on 12 June 2023. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
17. ^ a b c d e f Dany, Pierre (15 March 1961). "Le Palais des Festivals est fin prêt pour accueillir les concurrents du Grand Prix Eurovision de la Chanson". L'Espoir de Nice et du Sud-Est. Nice, France. p. 4\. ISSN 1166-9012.
18. ^ S.G. Biamonte (12–18 March 1961). "In ripresa diretta dal Palazzo dei Festival di Cannes: Il Gran Premio Eurovisione della canzone europea" [Live from the Palais des Festivals in Cannes: The Eurovision Grand Prix of European song]. Radiocorriere TV (in Italian). Vol. 38, no. 11\. Turin, Italy. pp. 3–4. Retrieved 7 January 2025 - via Rai Teche.
19. ^ Roxburgh 2012, p. 263.
20. ^ Christian, John (27 March 2024). "Who has hosted Eurovision the most times?". Aussievision. Retrieved 6 January 2025.
21. ^ "40 years ago today – Séverine brings Monaco their sole victory". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). 3 April 2011. Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 6 January 2025.
22. ^ a b c Roxburgh 2012, pp. 259–262.
23. ^ a b "Samedi 18 mars" [Saturday 18 March]. Télérama. No. 582\. Paris, France. 12 March 1961. p. 24\. ISSN 0040-2699. OCLC 840599726.
24. ^ a b c Thorsson & Verhage 2006, pp. 34–35.
25. ^ Cannes 2007, pp. 54–55.
26. ^ a b Grand Prix Eurovision 1961 de la chanson européenne [Eurovision Song Contest Grand Prix 1961] (Television production) (in French). Cannes, France: Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française (RTF). 18 March 1961.Radiodiffusion-Télévision+FrançaiseCategory:Articles+containing+French-language+text+(RTF)&rft.date=1961-03-18&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Eurovision+Song+Contest+1961" class="Z3988">
27. ^ a b Grand Prix Eurovision de la Chanson en 1961 : tirage au sort [Eurovision Song Grand Prix 1961 : draw] (Television broadcast) (in French). Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française (RTF). 11 March 1959. Retrieved 6 January 2025 - via Institut national de l'audiovisuel (INA).Radiodiffusion-Télévision+FrançaiseCategory:Articles+containing+French-language+text+(RTF)&rft.date=1959-03-11&rft_id=https://catalogue.ina.fr/doc/TV-RADIO/DA_CPF86622518/grand-prix-eurovision-de-la-chanson-en-1961-tirage-au-sort?rang=29&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Eurovision+Song+Contest+1961" class="Z3988">
28. ^ a b Dany, Pierre (17 March 1961). "Grand Prix Eurovision de la chanson demain soir, à Cannes au Palais des Festivals". Nice-Matin. Nice, France. p. 6\. ISSN 0224-5477.
29. ^ a b c 6ème Concours Eurovision 1961 de la chanson [6th Eurovision Song Contest 1961] (Television broadcast) (in French). Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française (RTF). 18 March 1961. Retrieved 6 January 2025 - via Institut national de l'audiovisuel (INA).Radiodiffusion-Télévision+FrançaiseCategory:Articles+containing+French-language+text+(RTF)&rft.date=1961-03-18&rft_id=https://catalogue.ina.fr/doc/TV-RADIO/DA_CPF86622519/6eme-concours-eurovision-de-la-chanson-1961?rang=114&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Eurovision+Song+Contest+1961" class="Z3988">
30. ^ a b O'Connor 2010, p. 216.
31. ^ Dany, Pierre (20 March 1961). "À la suite d'une lutte serrée avec le Royaume-Uni, le Luxembourg remporte le Grand Prix Eurovision de la chanson" [After a close fight with the United Kingdom, Luxembourg wins the Eurovision Song Contest]. L'Espoir de Nice et du Sud-Est (in French). Nice, France. p. 6\. ISSN 1166-9012.
32. ^ a b "Remise du Grand Prix Eurovision 1961 à Jean-Claude Pascal (Luxembourg)" [Presentation of the 1961 Eurovision Grand Prix to Jean-Claude Pascal (Luxembourg)] (in French). Retrieved 19 June 2022 - via Institut national de l'audiovisuel (INA).
33. ^ "Cannes 1961 – Jean-Claude Pascal". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 12 May 2018. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
34. ^ "Luxembourg – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 23 May 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
35. ^ a b c West 2020, pp. 33–35, "1961".
36. ^ a b c "' Nous les amoureux ' de Jean-Claude Pascal, une chanson qui annonce la révolution du mouvement gay..." ['Nous les amoureux' by Jean-Claude Pascal, a song which foretells the gay movement revolution...] (in French). Radio-télévision belge de la Communauté française (RTBF). 8 September 2022. Archived from the original on 8 September 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2025.Radio-télévision+belge+de+la+Communauté+françaiseCategory:Articles+containing+French-language+text+(RTBF)&rft.date=2022-09-08&rft_id=https://www.rtbf.be/article/nous-les-amoureux-de-jean-claude-pascal-une-chanson-qui-annonce-la-revolution-du-mouvement-gay-10221083&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Eurovision+Song+Contest+1961" class="Z3988">
37. ^ a b McLoughlin, Jamie (9 May 2023). "How Eurovision became an LGBTQ+ safe space". BBC News. Archived from the original on 10 May 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2025.
38. ^ "How a 1960s Eurovision Winner Was Revived as an Anthem Against Hate". Little Black Book. 31 October 2022. Archived from the original on 1 September 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2025.
39. ^ "Cannes 1961 – Scoreboard". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 28 March 2021. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
40. ^ a b "The Rules of the Contest". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). 31 October 2018. Archived from the original on 4 October 2022. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
41. ^ "Lugano to Liverpool: Broadcasting Eurovision". National Science and Media Museum. 24 May 2021. Archived from the original on 12 May 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
42. ^ Murtomäki 2007, pp. 20–25.
43. ^ "Greetje vanavond nummer zes" [Greetje number six tonight]. Nieuwe Leidsche Courant. Amsterdam, Netherlands. 18 March 1961. p. 7. Retrieved 11 June 2021 - via Erfgoed Leiden en Omstreken.
44. ^ Roxburgh 2012, pp. 254–264.
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55. ^ Pajala 2013, "Walli was closely involved in YLE's ESC productions; among other things he [...] provided the commentary for all the 1960s ESCs on Finnish television".
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57. ^ "Sieh fern mit Hör Zu! | SA 18. März" [Watch TV with Hör Zu! | Sat 18 March]. Hör Zu! (in German). No. 11\. Hamburg, West Germany. 12 March 1961. p. 72. Retrieved 24 May 2024 - via Internet Archive.
58. ^ "TV | sabato 18 marzo" [TV | Saturday 18 March]. Radiocorriere TV (in Italian). Vol. 38, no. 11\. Turin, Italy. 12–18 March 1961. p. 46. Retrieved 1 June 2024 - via Rai Teche.
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64. ^ "Hørt i Radio" [Heard on the Radio]. Haugesunds Dagblad (in Norwegian). Haugesund, Norway. 20 March 1961. p. 3. Retrieved 19 June 2022 - via National Library of Norway.
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68. ^ "TV. och radioprogrammen" [TV. and the radio programmes]. Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). Stockholm, Sweden. 18 March 1961. p. 22.
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73. ^ "Радио Телевизија Београд" [Radio Television Belgrade]. Borba (in Serbo-Croatian (Cyrillic script)). Belgrade, Yugoslavia. 18 March 1961. p. 11. Retrieved 25 May 2024 - via Belgrade University Library.
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### Bibliography

[edit]

* Cannes, elles & eux : des hommes, des femmes, leur destin à Cannes [Cannes, them & them : men, women, their destiny in Cannes] (in French). Vol. 2\. Cannes, France: Archives communales de Cannes. 2007. ISBN 978-2-9162-6101-0. OCLC 213499510.
* Anselmi, Eddy (2020). Il festival di Sanremo: 70 anni di storie, canzoni, cantanti e serate [The Sanremo festival: 70 years of stories, songs, singers and evenings] (in Italian). Milan, Italy: Planeta DeAgostini. ISBN 978-88-511-7854-3.
* Murtomäki, Asko (2007). Finland 12 points! Suomen Euroviisut (in Finnish). Helsinki, Finland: Teos. ISBN 951-851-106-3.
* O'Connor, John Kennedy (2015). The Eurovision Song Contest: The Official Celebration. London, United Kingdom: Carlton Books. ISBN 978-1-78097-638-9.
* O'Connor, John Kennedy (2010). The Eurovision Song Contest: The Official History (2nd ed.). London, United Kingdom: Carlton Books. ISBN 978-1-84732-521-1.
* Pajala, Mari (2013). "Intervision Song Contests and Finnish Television between East and West". In Badenoch, Alexander; Fickers, Andreas; Henrich-Franke, Christian (eds.). Airy Curtains in the European Ether: Broadcasting and the Cold War. Baden-Baden, Germany: Nomos. pp. 215–270\. doi:10.5771/9783845236070-215. ISBN 9783845236070.
* Roxburgh, Gordon (2012). Songs for Europe: The United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest. Vol. One: The 1950s and 1960s. Prestatyn, United Kingdom: Telos Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84583-065-6.
* Thorsson, Leif; Verhage, Martin (2006). Melodifestivalen genom tiderna : de svenska uttagningarna och internationella finalerna [Melodifestivalen through the ages: the Swedish selections and international finals] (in Swedish). Stockholm, Sweden: Premium Publishing. ISBN 91-89136-29-2.
* West, Chris (April 2020). Eurovision! A History of Modern Europe Through the World's Greatest Song Contest (Updated ed.). London, United Kingdom: Melville House UK. ISBN 978-1-911545-55-2.

## External links

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