Eurovision Song Contest 1984

International song competition

Eurovision Song Contest 1984

Date and venue
Final|

* 5 May 1984 (1984-05-05)

Venue| Théâtre Municipal
Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
Organisation
Organiser| European Broadcasting Union (EBU)
EBU scrutineer| Frank Naef
Production
Host broadcaster| Radio Télévision Luxembourg (RTL)
Director| René Steichen
Executive producer| Ray van Cant
Musical director| Pierre Cao
Presenter| Désirée Nosbusch
Participants
Number of entries| 19
Returning countries|  Ireland
Non-returning countries|

* Greece
* Israel

Participation map

* Competing countries Countries that participated in the past but not in 1984

Vote
Voting system| Each country awarded 12, 10, 8-1 point(s) to their ten favourite songs
Winning song|  Sweden
"Diggi-Loo Diggi-Ley"
1983 ← Eurovision Song Contest → 1985

* * *

Event page at eurovision.tv

The Eurovision Song Contest 1984 was the 29th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest, held on 5 May 1984 at the Théâtre Municipal in Luxembourg City, Luxembourg, and presented by Désirée Nosbusch. It was organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Radio Télévision Luxembourg (RTL), who staged the event after winning the 1983 contest for Luxembourg with the song "Si la vie est cadeau" by Corinne Hermès. Nosbusch, who was 19 years old, remains the youngest person to have hosted the contest as of 2025[update].

Broadcasters from nineteen countries participated in the contest, with Ireland returning after a one-year absence, and Greece and Israel, which had participated in the previous year's event, declining to enter. The winner was Sweden with the song "Diggi-Loo Diggi-Ley", composed by Torgny Söderberg, written by Britt Lindeborg and performed by the group Herreys. This was Sweden's second contest victory, coming ten years after ABBA's win in the 1974 contest. Ireland finished as runner-up, Spain and Denmark placed third and fourth, respectively, and Belgium and Italy tied for fifth place.

## Location

[edit]

Théâtre Municipal, Luxembourg City – host venue of the 1984 contest

The 1984 contest took place in Luxembourg City, Luxembourg, following the country's victory at the 1983 contest with the song "Si la vie est cadeau" performed by Corinne Hermès. It was the fourth time that Luxembourg had hosted the event, following the contests held in 1962, 1966 and 1973.[1] The chosen venue was the Grand Théâtre, also known as the Nouveau Théâtre or Théâtre Municipal, an arts venue inaugurated in 1964, and which had previously hosted the contest in 1973.[2][3][4][5] Luxembourgish broadcaster Radio Télévision Luxembourg (RTL) initially had difficulty in finding a suitable venue to host the contest and eventually settled on the Grand Théâtre, which was smaller compared to the venue used at the 1983 contest.[6] The theatre's main auditorium usually holds an audience around 950 people, however this was reduced with the addition of technical equipment and commentator's boxes.[2] As a result, only press, members of each country's delegation and diplomatic representatives were allowed to watch the live show at the venue.[6]

## Participants

[edit]

Further information: List of countries in the Eurovision Song Contest

This section contains numerous links to pages on foreign language Wikipedias. They are shown as red links with the language codes in [small blue letters] in brackets. Click on the language code to see the page in that language.

|

Eurovision Song Contest 1984 - Participation summaries by country

* Austria
* Belgium
* Cyprus
* Denmark
* Finland
* France
* Germany
* Ireland
* Italy
* Luxembourg
* Netherlands
* Norway
* Portugal
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Turkey
* United Kingdom
* Yugoslavia

Mary Roos (pictured in 2015) represented Germany for the second time, having previously come third in 1972.

Entries from a total of 19 countries participated in the event. Ireland returned to the contest after a one-year absence, however Israel and Greece decided not to participate. The Israel Broadcasting Authority (IBA) declined to enter as the date of the contest coincided with Yom HaZikaron, while the Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation (ERT), which had originally planned to participate in the contest, reportedly withdrew as the quality of the songs submitted for consideration was deemed to be of too low a quality.[2][6]

A number of the participating artists in this year's event had previously competed in past editions of the contest. Mary Roos had finished third for Germany in 1972 and made a second appearance for the country in 1984;[7][8] Izolda Barudžija, who had been a member of the group Aska that represented Yugoslavia in 1982, participated again this year alongside Vlado Kalember;[9][10] Kit Rolfe, lead singer of Belle and the Devotions, had previously performed as a backing vocalist for the United Kingdom in 1983,[11][12] and Gary Lux, who had represented Austria in 1983 as a member of the group Westend, returned as a backing vocalist for the Austrian singer Anita.[13]

Eurovision Song Contest 1984 participants[7][14] Country  | Broadcaster  | Artist  | Song  | Language  | Songwriter(s)  | Conductor

|
|
|
|
|
|

Austria | ORF | Anita | "Einfach weg"  | German  |

* Walter Müller
* Brigitte Seuberth

| Richard Oesterreicher
Belgium | RTBF | Jacques Zegers | "Avanti la vie"  | French  |

* Henri Seroka
* Jacques Zegers

| Jo Carlier [fr]
Cyprus | CyBC | Andy Paul | "Anna Mari-Elena" (Άννα Μαρί-Έλενα) | Greek  | Andy Paul | Pierre Cao
Denmark | DR | Hot Eyes | "Det' lige det"  | Danish  |

* Søren Bundgaard
* Keld Heick

| Henrik Krogsgaard [da]
Finland | YLE | Kirka | "Hengaillaan"  | Finnish  |

* Jukka Siikavire [fi]
* Jussi Tuominen [fi]

| Ossi Runne
France | Antenne 2 | Annick Thoumazeau | "Autant d'amoureux que d'étoiles"  | French  |

* Vladimir Cosma
* Charles Level [fr]

| François Rauber
Germany | BR[a] | Mary Roos | "Aufrecht geh'n"  | German  |

* Michael Kunze
* Michael Reinecke [de]

| Pierre Cao
Ireland | RTÉ | Linda Martin | "Terminal 3"  | English  | Johnny Logan | Noel Kelehan
Italy | RAI | Alice and Franco Battiato | "I treni di Tozeur"  | Italian  |

* Franco Battiato
* Rosario Cosentino [it]
* Giusto Pio

| Giusto Pio
Luxembourg | CLT | Sophie Carle | "100% d'amour"  | French  |

* Jean-Michel Bériat [fr]
* Jean-Pierre Goussaud [fr]
* Patrick Jaymes

| Pascal Stive
Netherlands | NOS | Maribelle | "Ik hou van jou"  | Dutch  |

* Peter van Asten [no]
* Richard de Bois [no]

| Rogier van Otterloo
Norway | NRK | Dollie de Luxe | "Lenge leve livet"  | Norwegian  |

* Benedicte Adrian
* Ingrid Bjørnov

| Sigurd Jansen
Portugal | RTP | Maria Guinot | "Silêncio e tanta gente"  | Portuguese  | Maria Guinot | Pedro Osório [pt]
Spain | TVE | Bravo | "Lady, Lady"  | Spanish  |

* Miguel Blasco
* Amaya Saizar [es]

| Eddy Guerin
Sweden | SVT | Herreys | "Diggi-Loo Diggi-Ley"  | Swedish  |

* Britt Lindeborg
* Torgny Söderberg

| Curt-Eric Holmquist
Switzerland | SRG SSR | Rainy Day [de; fr] | "Welche Farbe hat der Sonnenschein"  | German  | Günter Loose [de] | Mario Robbiani
Turkey | TRT | Beş Yıl Önce, On Yıl Sonra | "Halay"  | Turkish  |

* Ülkü Aker [tr]
* Selçuk Başar

| Selçuk Başar
United Kingdom | BBC | Belle and the Devotions | "Love Games"  | English  |

* Paul Curtis
* Graham Sacher

| John Coleman
Yugoslavia | JRT | Ida and Vlado | "Ciao, amore"  | Serbo-Croatian |

* Slobodan Bučevac
* Milan Perić

| Mato Došen [hr]

## Production and format

[edit]

The Eurovision Song Contest 1984 was produced by the Luxembourgish public broadcaster Radio Télévision Luxembourg (RTL). Ray van Cant served as executive producer, Hubert Terheggen [nl] served as producer, René Steichen served as director, Roland de Groot [nl] served as designer, and Pierre Cao served as musical director, leading the orchestra.[6][16] A separate musical director could be nominated by each participating delegation to lead the orchestra during its country's performance, with the host musical director also available to conduct for those countries which did not nominate their own conductor.[7] On behalf of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), the event was overseen by Frank Naef as scrutineer.[16][17][18][19] The overall costs to organise the event were around 35 million Luxembourgish francs.[20]

Each participating broadcaster submitted one song, which was required to be no longer than three minutes in duration and performed in the language, or one of the languages, of the country which it represented.[21][22] A maximum of six performers were allowed on stage during each country's performance.[21][23] Each entry could utilise all or part of the live orchestra and could use instrumental-only backing tracks, however any backing tracks used could only include the sound of instruments featured on stage being mimed by the performers.[23][24]

The results of the 1984 contest were determined through the same scoring system as had first been introduced in 1975: each country awarded twelve points to its favourite entry, followed by ten points to its second favourite, and then awarded points in decreasing value from eight to one for the remaining songs which featured in the country's top ten, with countries unable to vote for their own entry.[25] The points awarded by each country were determined by an assembled jury of 11 individuals, who were all required to be members of the public with no connection to the music industry, with a recommendation that there should be a balance between the sexes and that half should be under 25 years old. Each jury member voted in secret and awarded between one and five votes to each participating song, excluding that from their own country and with no abstentions permitted. The votes of each member were collected following the country's performance and then tallied by the non-voting jury chairperson to determine the points to be awarded. In any cases where two or more songs in the top ten received the same number of votes, a show of hands by all jury members was used to determine the final placing.[26][27][28]

Rehearsals for the participating artists began on 30 April 1984. Two technical rehearsals were conducted for each participating delegation in the week approaching the contest, with countries rehearsing in the order in which they would perform. The first rehearsals of 40 minutes were held on 30 April and 1 May 1984, followed by a press conference for each delegation and the accredited press. Each country's second rehearsals were held on 2 and 3 May and lasted 20 minutes total. Three dress rehearsals were held with all artists, two held in the afternoon and evening of 4 May and one final rehearsal in the afternoon of 5 May, with an invited audience present for the second dress rehearsal.[2]

Dutch designer Roland de Groot was in charge of the set design of the contest for the fourth time, having previously done so 1970, 1976, and 1980, the three previous contests staged in the Netherlands. For the 1984 contest, de Groot's design centred around various shapes which were suspended over the performance area on a series of pulleys and which could be moved around the stage in between the competing acts; this allowed for different backdrops to be created for each entry.[3][29] Each entry was preceded by a video postcard which served as an introduction to that country, as well as creating a transition between entries to allow stage crew to make changes on stage.[30][31] The postcards for the 1984 contest featured a troupe of actors referred to during the contest as "the Tourists", and focused on the various cultural stereotypes of each of the competing countries and portrayed these a humorous context, often with heavy use of computer animation.[3][29]

## Contest overview

[edit]

Richard (left) and Per Herrey, two of the three Herrey brothers, who were Sweden's second contest winning act (pictured in 2016)

The contest was held on 5 May 1984, beginning at 21:00 (CEST) and lasting 2 hours and 12 minutes.[6][7] The event was presented by the Luxembourgish television presenter and actress Désirée Nosbusch, who compèred the contest in French, German, Luxembourgish, and English; at 19 years old, Nosbusch remains the youngest individual to have hosted the Eurovision Song Contest as of 2024[update].[6][32][33] Among the invited guests present in the audience was Prince Henri, then heir to the Luxembourger throne.[2] The contest's interval act featured a performance by the Prague Theatre of Illuminated Drawings.[29][34][35] The medallions awarded to the winners were presented by the previous year's winning artist Corinne Hermès.[29][34]

The 1984 contest featured one of the first instances of booing to be heard at the Eurovision Song Contest, which occurred immediately after the UK's entry. Various reasons for the booing have been proposed: these include being a response to football hooliganism which occurred in Luxembourg by English football fans during the qualifying stage of the 1984 European Championship, the use of off-stage backing vocalists during the UK's performance which gave an impression that members of Belle and the Devotions were lip syncing, and allegations that their song, "Love Games", which was heavily inspired by 1960s Motown tracks, had plagiarised previous tracks by the Supremes.[3][6][7][36]

The winner was Sweden represented by the song "Diggi-Loo Diggi-Ley", composed by Torgny Söderberg, written by Britt Lindeborg and performed by Herreys, comprising brothers Per, Richard and Louis Herrey.[37] It was Sweden's second contest win, ten years after ABBA's victory in 1974.[38] It was also the third - and, as of 2025[update], last - time that the winning entry was the first to be performed, following the 1975 and 1976 contests.[26][39][40] During the traditional winner's reprise performance, the group sung part of the winning song in English, with lyrics written by Per Herrey.[29][41]

Results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1984[42] R/O | Country  | Artist  | Song  | Points  | Place

|
|
|
|
|

1  |  Sweden | Herreys | "Diggi-Loo Diggi-Ley"  | 145  | 1
2  |  Luxembourg | Sophie Carle | "100% d'amour"  | 39  | 10
3  |  France | Annick Thoumazeau | "Autant d'amoureux que d'étoiles"  | 61  | 8
4  |  Spain | Bravo | "Lady, Lady"  | 106  | 3
5  |  Norway | Dollie de Luxe | "Lenge leve livet"  | 29  | 17
6  |  United Kingdom | Belle and the Devotions | "Love Games"  | 63  | 7
7  |  Cyprus | Andy Paul | "Anna Mari-Elena"  | 31  | 15
8  |  Belgium | Jacques Zegers | "Avanti la vie"  | 70  | 5
9  |  Ireland | Linda Martin | "Terminal 3"  | 137  | 2
10  |  Denmark | Hot Eyes | "Det' lige det"  | 101  | 4
11  |  Netherlands | Maribelle | "Ik hou van jou"  | 34  | 13
12  |  Yugoslavia | Ida and Vlado | "Ciao, amore"  | 26  | 18
13  |  Austria | Anita | "Einfach weg"  | 5  | 19
14  |  Germany | Mary Roos | "Aufrecht geh'n"  | 34  | 13
15  |  Turkey | Beş Yıl Önce, On Yıl Sonra | "Halay"  | 37  | 12
16  |  Finland | Kirka | "Hengaillaan"  | 46  | 9
17  |  Switzerland | Rainy Day [de; fr] | "Welche Farbe hat der Sonnenschein"  | 30  | 16
18  |  Italy | Alice and Franco Battiato | "I treni di Tozeur"  | 70  | 5
19  |  Portugal | Maria Guinot | "Silêncio e tanta gente"  | 38  | 11

### Spokespersons

[edit]

Each participating broadcaster appointed a spokesperson, connected to the contest venue via telephone lines and responsible for announcing, in English or French, the votes for its respective country.[21][43] Known spokespersons at the 1984 contest are listed below.

* Finland - Solveig Herlin[44]
* Netherlands - Flip van der Schalie[45]
* Spain - Francisca Hortelano Notario[46]
* Sweden - Agneta Bolme Börjefors[47]
* Turkey - Başak Doğru[28]
* United Kingdom - Colin Berry[26]

## Detailed voting results

[edit]

Jury voting was used to determine the points awarded by all countries.[26] The announcement of the results from each country was conducted in the order in which they performed, with the spokespersons announcing their country's points in English or French in ascending order.[26][29] The detailed breakdown of the points awarded by each country is listed in the tables below.

Detailed voting results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1984[48][49] |

Total score

Sweden

Luxembourg

France

Spain

Norway

United Kingdom

Cyprus

Belgium

Ireland

Denmark

Netherlands

Yugoslavia

Austria

Germany

Turkey

Finland

Switzerland

Italy

Portugal

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Contestants

| Sweden  | 145 |  | 6 | 6 | 4 | 10 | 7 | 12 | 7 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 4 | 12 | 12 | 3 | 8 | 10 | 6 | 4
Luxembourg  | 39 |  |  |  | 7 |  |  | 7 |  | 5 | 5 |  | 8 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 3 |
France  | 61 | 2 |  |  |  | 2 | 6 | 3 | 10 |  |  | 12 |  | 8 |  |  |  | 4 | 7 | 7
Spain  | 106 | 10 | 8 | 10 |  | 6 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 6 |  | 12 |  | 3 | 8 | 12
Norway  | 29 | 8 | 7 |  |  |  |  |  | 1 | 3 |  |  |  |  | 2 |  | 6 | 2 |  |
United Kingdom  | 63 | 3 | 1 |  | 3 | 8 |  | 2 | 2 | 8 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 1 | 4 |  | 10 | 6
Cyprus  | 31 | 4 |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  | 4 | 10 |  | 12 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Belgium  | 70 |  | 12 | 12 | 2 | 3 |  |  |  |  |  | 8 |  | 3 | 4 | 5 | 10 |  | 1 | 10
Ireland  | 137 | 12 | 5 | 3 | 10 | 4 | 8 | 10 | 12 |  | 3 | 7 |  | 10 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 12 | 12 | 2
Denmark  | 101 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 6 | 12 | 12 | 5 | 8 | 10 |  | 3 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 1
Netherlands  | 34 |  | 2 | 7 | 8 |  | 1 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 5 |  |  |  |  | 5 |  |
Yugoslavia  | 26 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 3 | 8 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3 | 8 | 2 |  |  |
Austria  | 5 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1 | 4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Germany  | 34 |  |  | 4 |  | 7 | 2 |  | 6 |  | 2 | 5 |  | 1 |  |  |  |  | 2 | 5
Turkey  | 37 | 6 |  |  |  |  | 5 |  | 4 | 2 |  | 1 | 10 |  |  |  | 3 | 6 |  |
Finland  | 46 | 7 |  | 5 | 1 | 5 |  | 4 |  |  | 6 |  | 3 | 5 | 1 | 6 |  |  |  | 3
Switzerland  | 30 | 1 |  |  |  |  | 10 | 1 | 5 |  | 8 |  |  |  |  |  | 1 |  | 4 |
Italy  | 70 |  | 10 |  | 12 | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7 | 6 | 7 | 12 | 7 |  | 8
Portugal  | 38 |  | 4 |  | 5 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6 | 7 |  | 8 |  |  | 8 |  |

### 12 points

[edit]

The below table summarises how the maximum 12 points were awarded from one country to another. The winning country is shown in bold. Sweden received the maximum score of 12 points from five of the voting countries, with Ireland receiving four sets of 12 points, Belgium, Denmark, Italy and Sweden each receiving two sets of 12 points, and Cyprus and France receiving one maximum score each.[48][49]

Distribution of 12 points awarded at the Eurovision Song Contest 1984[48][49] N.  | Contestant  | Nation(s) giving 12 points

|
|

5  |  Sweden |  Austria,  Cyprus,  Denmark,  Germany,  Ireland
4  |  Ireland |  Belgium,  Italy,  Sweden,  Switzerland
2  |  Belgium |  France,  Luxembourg
Denmark |  Norway,  United Kingdom
Italy |  Spain,  Finland
Spain |  Portugal,  Turkey
1  |  Cyprus |  Yugoslavia
France |  Netherlands

## Broadcasts

[edit]

Each participating broadcaster was required to relay the contest via its networks. Non-participating member broadcasters were also able to relay the contest as "passive participants".[23] Broadcasters were able to send commentators to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language and to relay information about the artists and songs to their viewers. These commentators were typically sent to the venue to report on the event, and were able to provide commentary from small booths constructed at the back of the venue.[50][51] The contest was reportedly broadcast in 30 countries, with an estimated audience of 500 million viewers.[52][53] Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators are shown in the tables below.

Broadcasters and commentators in participating countries  Country  | Broadcaster  | Channel(s)  | Commentator(s)  | Ref.

|
|
|
|

Austria  | ORF | FS2 | Ernst Grissemann | [54][55]
Belgium  | RTBF | RTBF1, Télé 2 | Jacques Mercier | [52][56]
BRT | TV1 | Luc Appermont | [56]
BRT 2 |  | [57]
Cyprus  | CyBC | RIK, A Programma |  | [58][59]
Denmark  | DR | DR TV | Jørgen de Mylius | [60]
Finland  | YLE | TV1 | Heikki Seppälä [fi] | [61][62]
Rinnakkaisohjelma [fi] | Jaakko Salonoja [fi]
France  | Antenne 2 | Léon Zitrone | [63][64]
RFO | RFO-Martinique [fr][b] |  | [65]
Germany  | ARD | Deutsches Fernsehen | Ado Schlier [de] | [66][67]
Ireland  | RTÉ | RTÉ 1 | Gay Byrne | [68]
RTÉ Radio 1 | Larry Gogan | [69]
Italy  | RAI | Rai Due,[c] RaiStereoUno [it][c] | Antonio De Robertis  | [70][71]
Luxembourg  | CLT | RTL Télévision | Valérie Sarn [fr] | [56]
RTL plus |  | [72]
Netherlands  | NOS | Nederland 1 | Ivo Niehe | [36][45]
Norway  | NRK | NRK Fjernsynet | Roald Øyen | [73]
NRK P1[d] | Erik Heyerdahl [no]
Portugal  | RTP | RTP1 |  | [74]
RDP | Antena 1 |  | [75]
Spain  | TVE | TVE 2 | José-Miguel Ullán | [76][77]
Sweden  | SVT | TV1 | Fredrik Belfrage | [78]
Switzerland  | SRG SSR | TV DRS | Bernard Thurnheer [de] | [79]
TSR[e] | Serge Moisson [fr] | [80]
TSI[e] |  | [81]
Turkey  | TRT | TRT Televizyon | Başak Doğru [tr] | [82][83]
United Kingdom  | BBC | BBC1 | Terry Wogan | [84]
BFBS | BFBS Radio | Richard Nankivell  | [7]
Yugoslavia  | JRT | TV Beograd 1, TV Novi Sad, TV Prishtina, TV Titograd 1, TV Zagreb 1 | Oliver Mlakar | [85][86][87]
TV Koper-Capodistria |  | [88]
TV Ljubljana 1 |
TV Skopje 1 |  | [85]
Broadcasters and commentators in non-participating countries  Country  | Broadcaster  | Channel(s)  | Commentator(s)  | Ref.

|
|
|
|

Australia  | SBS | Network 0–28[f] |  | [89]
Czechoslovakia  | ČST | II. program [cs][g] |  | [90]
Faroe Islands  | SvF[h] |  | [91]
Greenland  | KNR | KNR[i] |  | [92]
Iceland  | RÚV | Sjónvarpið | No commentator | [93]
Jordan  | JTV | JTV2  |  | [94]
Netherlands Antilles  | TeleCuraçao[j] |  | [95]
Poland  | TP | TP1[k] |  | [96]

## Notes and references

[edit]

### Notes

[edit]

1. ^ On behalf of the German public broadcasting consortium ARD[15]
2. ^ Delayed broadcast on 20 June 1984 at 20:02 (AST)[65]
3. ^ a b Deferred broadcast at 22:10 (CEST)[70][71]
4. ^ Deferred broadcast at 22:50 (CEST)[73]
5. ^ a b Broadcast through a second audio programme on TV DRS[80]
6. ^ Deferred broadcast the following day at 20:30 (AEST)[89]
7. ^ Delayed broadcast on 3 June 1984 at 14:55 (CEST)[90]
8. ^ Delayed broadcast on 11 May 1984 at 20:00 (WET)[91]
9. ^ Delayed broadcast on 19 May 1984 at 20:45 (WGST)[92]
10. ^ Delayed broadcast on 7 July 1984 at 21:30 (ADT)[95]
11. ^ Delayed broadcast on 26 May 1984 at 20:00 (CEST)[96]

### References

[edit]

1. ^ "Luxembourg – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 31 May 2022. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
2. ^ a b c d e Roxburgh 2016, pp. 200–201.
3. ^ a b c d O'Connor 2010, pp. 96–99.
4. ^ "Grand Théâtre". Luxembourg City. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
5. ^ Clarinval, France (15 January 2014). "Grand Théâtre: 50 ans de scènes" [Grand Theatre: 50 years of scenes] (in French). Paperjam. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
6. ^ a b c d e f g "Luxembourg 1984". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 31 May 2022. Retrieved 11 April 2024.
7. ^ a b c d e f Roxburgh 2016, pp. 202–208.
8. ^ "Mary Roos: Biografie der deutschen ESC-Teilnehmerin" (in German). ARD. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 15 April 2024.
9. ^ Yazıcıtunc, Gunec Gulun (22 April 2021). "Eurovision 1984: Yugoslavia's Vlado and Isolda in focus". EuroVisionary. Archived from the original on 25 April 2021. Retrieved 15 April 2024.
10. ^ "Turci su zabranili Izoldin spot, a Jugosloveni ih obožavali: Gde su nestale sestre Barudžija, kojima se divio Balkan?" [The Turks banned Izolda's music video, and the Yugoslavs adored them: To where did the Barudžija sisters, whom the Balkans admired, disappear?] (in Serbian (Latin script)). Espreso [sr]. 21 August 2023. Archived from the original on 21 August 2023. Retrieved 15 April 2024.+[sr]&rft.date=2023-08-21&rft_id=https://glossy.espreso.co.rs/poznati/vesti/220064/gde-su-danas-sestre-izolda-eleonora-barudzija&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Eurovision+Song+Contest+1984" class="Z3988">
11. ^ Roxburgh 2016, pp. 184–186.
12. ^ Smith, Christopher (18 June 2022). "Where Are They Now? Belle and The Devotions". Talk About Pop Music. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 15 April 2024.
13. ^ "Gary Lux über den Song Contest: 'Damals kannte mich wirklich jeder'" [Gary Lux on the song contest: 'Back then everyone really knew me']. Kurier (in German). 16 May 2019. Archived from the original on 24 January 2022. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
14. ^ "Luxembourg 1984 – Participants". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
15. ^ "Alle deutschen ESC-Acts und ihre Titel" [All German ESC acts and their songs] (in German). ARD. Archived from the original on 12 June 2023. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
16. ^ a b Roxburgh 2016, p. 211.
17. ^ "The Organisers behind the Eurovision Song Contest". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). 27 March 2019. Archived from the original on 25 September 2024. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
18. ^ "Former Eurovision scrutineer Frank Naef shares his backstage recollections". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). 10 February 2017. Archived from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
19. ^ O'Connor 2010, p. 210.
20. ^ Owing, Nina (5 May 1984). "600 millioner ser Dollie i kveld". Rana Blad (in Norwegian). Mo i Rana, Norway. p. 6. Retrieved 19 December 2024 - via National Library of Norway.
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### Bibliography

[edit]

* Murtomäki, Asko (2007). Finland 12 points! Suomen Euroviisut (in Finnish). Helsinki, Finland: Teos. ISBN 951-851-106-3.
* O'Connor, John Kennedy (2010). The Eurovision Song Contest: The Official History (2nd ed.). London, United Kingdom: Carlton Books. ISBN 978-1-84732-521-1.
* Roxburgh, Gordon (2014). Songs for Europe: The United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest. Vol. Two: The 1970s. Prestatyn, United Kingdom: Telos Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84583-093-9.
* Roxburgh, Gordon (2016). Songs for Europe: The United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest. Vol. Three: The 1980s. Prestatyn, United Kingdom: Telos Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84583-163-9.
* Thorsson, Leif; Verhage, Martin (2006). Melodifestivalen genom tiderna : de svenska uttagningarna och internationella finalerna [Melodifestivalen through the ages: the Swedish selections and international finals] (in Swedish). Stockholm, Sweden: Premium Publishing. ISBN 91-89136-29-2.

## External links

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eurovision Song Contest 1984.

* Official website

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Eurovision Song Contest 1984

Countries|

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Songs|

* "100% d'amour"
* "Anna Maria Lena"
* "Aufrecht geh'n"
* "Autant d'amoureux que d'étoiles"
* "Avanti la vie"
* "Ciao, amore"
* "Det' lige det"
* "Diggi-Loo Diggi-Ley"
* "Einfach weg"
* "Halay"
* "Hengaillaan"
* "Ik hou van jou"
* "Lady, Lady"
* "Lenge leve livet"
* "Love Games"
* "Silêncio e tanta gente"
* "Terminal 3"
* "I treni di Tozeur"
* "Welche Farbe hat der Sonnenschein?"

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Former|

* Australia
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* Geostar
* The Voice Georgia
* Hungary
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Organisations|

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Special shows|

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* Songs of Europe (1981)
* Kvalifikacija za Millstreet (1993)
* Congratulations: 50 Years of the Eurovision Song Contest (2005)
* Eurovision Song Contest's Greatest Hits (2015)
* EurovisionAgain (2020–2021)
* Eurovision: Europe Shine a Light (2020)

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National|

* Die Grand Prix Hitliste (2006)
* Het Grote Songfestivalfeest (2019, 2022–)
* Der kleine Song Contest (2020)
* ESC 2020 – das deutsche Finale (2020)
* Eurovision: Come Together (2020)
* Sveriges 12:a (2020)

* Category

* v
* t
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Eurovision Song Contest's Greatest Hits

Represented years

| Chronological order|

* 1968
* 1969
* 1973
* 1976
* 1980
* 1982
* 1984
* 1985
* 1987
* 1992
* 1998
* 2000
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Represented countries

| Alphabetical order|

* Austria
* Denmark
* Finland
* France
* Germany
* Ireland
* Israel
* Luxembourg
* Norway
* Russia
* Spain
* Sweden
* United Kingdom

|

Represented artists

| Alphabetical order|

* Anne-Marie David
* Bobbysocks!
* Brotherhood of Man
* Conchita Wurst
* Dana International
* Dima Bilan
* Emmelie de Forest
* Herreys
* Johnny Logan
* Lordi
* Loreen
* Natasha St-Pier
* Nicole
* Olsen Brothers
* Rosa López

|

Represented songs

| Alphabetical order |

* "Believe / Never Let You Go" (medley)
* "Diggi-Loo Diggi-Ley"
* "Diva"
* "Ein bißchen Frieden"
* "Euphoria"
* "Fly on the Wings of Love"
* "Hard Rock Hallelujah"
* "Je n'ai que mon âme"
* "La, la, la / Vivo cantando / Eres tú / Europe's Living a Celebration" (medley)
* "La det swinge"
* "Only Teardrops"
* "Rise Like a Phoenix"
* "Save Your Kisses for Me"
* "Tu te reconnaîtras"
* "What's Another Year / Why Me? / Hold Me Now" (medley)

|

(Note: "Withdrawn" refers to entries that withdrew after applying to enter)

Portal:

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