Family tree of Roman emperors

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This is a family tree of Roman emperors, showing only the relationships between the emperors.

## 27 BC –192 AD

[edit]

See also: Julio-Claudian family tree, Flavian family tree, and Nerva–Antonine family tree

The emperors from Augustus to Commodus can be organised into one large family tree.

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| | | | | | | | Julius Caesar
dictator perpetuo
100–44 BC| | Julia Minor
died 51 BC| | Marcus Atius Balbus
105–51 BC

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| | | | | | | | | | | | Atia
85–43 BC| | Gaius Octavius
c. 100–59 BC

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| | | | | | | | Augustus
63 BC–14 AD[1]
r. 27 BC – 14 AD| | Livia Drusilla
59 BC–29 AD| | Tiberius Claudius Nero
c. 80–33 BC[2]| | Octavia Minor
c. 66–11 BC| | Mark Antony
triumvir
83–30 BC
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| | | | | | | | Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa
63–12 BC[3]| | Julia the Elder
39 BC–14 AD[4]| | Tiberius
42 BC–37 AD
r. 14–37[4]| | Drusus the Elder
38–9 BC[5]| | Antonia Minor
36 BC–37 AD
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| | | | Lucius Aemilius Paullus
d. 14| | Julia the Younger
19 BC–28 AD[6]| | | | | | Agrippina the Elder
14 BC–33 AD| | Germanicus
16 BC–19 AD[7]| | Claudius
10 BC–54 AD
r. 41–54[7]
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Marcus Torquatus| | Aemilia Lepida
4 BC–53 AD| | Vespasian
9–79
r. 69–79| | Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo
7–67| | Milonia Caesonia
6–41| | Caligula
12–41
r. 37–41| | Agrippina the Younger
15–59| | Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus
17 BC–40 AD| | Drusus Caesar
8–33| | Aemilia Lepida| | Manius Aemilius Lepidus
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Junia Calvina
15–79| | Lucius Vitellius the Younger
16–69| | Vitellius
15–69
r. 69| | | | | | | | | | | Domitian
51–96
r. 81–96| | Domitia Longina
53–130| | | | | | | | | | | Galba
3 BC–69 AD
r. 68–69| | Aemilia Lepida
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Ulpia| | Marcus Ulpius Traianus
30–100| | Marcia
33–100| | Marcia Furnilla| | Titus
39–81
r. 79–81| | Nerva
30–98
r. 96–98| | Cocceia| | Titianus| | Otho
32–69
r. 69| | Poppaea Sabina
30–65| | Nero
37–68
r. 54–68
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Publius Aelius Hadrianus Afer| | Trajan
53–117
r. 98–117| | Ulpia Marciana
48–112
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68–119
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Hadrian
76–138
r. 117–138| | Vibia Sabina
80–137| | Rupilia Faustina
87–138
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| | | | Marcus Annius Verus| | Faustina the Elder
100–141| | Antoninus
86–161
r. 138–161

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| | | | Marcus Aurelius
121–180
r. 161–180| | Faustina the Younger
125–175

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| | | | Commodus
161–192
r. 180–192| | Lucilla
148–182| | Lucius Verus
130–169
r. 161–169

## 192–235

[edit]

See also: Severan dynasty family tree

The emperors from Pertinax to the beginning of the Crisis can be organised into one large dynasty (see Severan dynasty family tree), one smaller family and two unrelated emperors.

Pertinax
126–193
r. 192–193| | Didius Julianus
133–193
r. 193

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Septimius Severus
145–211
r. 193–211| | Julia Domna
160–217| | | | Julia Maesa
165–224| | | | Macrinus
165–218
r. 217–218

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Caracalla
188–217
r. 211–217| | Geta
189–211
r. 211| | Julia Soaemias
180–222| | Julia Avita Mamaea
180–235| | Diadumenian
208–218
r. 218
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| | | | | | | | Elagabalus
204–222
r. 218–222| | Severus Alexander
208–235
r. 222–235

## 235–284

[edit]

See also: Gordian dynasty family tree

The emperors during the fifty-year period of the Crisis can be organised into eight families and six unrelated emperors, although no family held power for more than fifteen years.

Maximinus I
173–238
r. 235–238| | Gordian I
159–238
r. 238–238| | Pupienus
178–238
r. 238–238| | Balbinus
165–238
r. 238–238

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| | Gordian II
192–238
r. 238–238| | Maecia Faustina
b. 201| | | | | | Philip
204–249
r. 244–249| | | | Decius
201–251
r. 249–251| | | | Gallus
206–253
r. 251–253
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Aemilianus
210–253
r. 253–253| | | | Gordian III
225–244
r. 238–244| | Valerian
200–260
r. 253–260| | Philip II
r. 247–249| | Etruscus
227–251
r. 251–251| | Hostilian
230–251
r. 251–251| | Volusianus
d. 253
r. 251–253
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Claudius II
213–270
r. 268–270| | Quintillus
220–270
r. 270–270| | | | Gallienus
218–268
r. 253–268| | | | Aurelian
214–275
r. 270–275| | Tacitus
200–276
r. 275–276| | Florianus
d. 276
r. 276
Probus
232–282
r. 276–282| | Carus
230–283
r. 282–283
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| | Carinus
d. 285
r. 283–285| | Numerian
d. 284
r. 283–284

## 284–518

[edit]

See also: Simplified family tree of Tetrarchs, Constantinian dynasty family tree, Valentinianic dynasty family tree, and Theodosian dynasty family tree

The emperors from the founding of the Dominate in 284, in the West until 476 and in the East until 518, can be organised into one large dynasty plus various unrelated emperors. During most of this periods, though not always, there where two senior emperors ruling in separate courts. This division became permanent after the death of Theodosius I in 395.

Western Roman Empire
Eastern Roman Empire

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244–311
r. 284–305| | Prisca
d. 315

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| | | | | | | | Afranius
Hannibalian| | Eutropia
d. 325| | Maximian
250–310
r. 286–305| | Valeria| | | | | | Galerius
260–311
r. 305–311| | unknown sister
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| | | | Severus II
r. 306–307| | Maximiana
Theodora| | Constantius I
250–306
r. 305–306| | Julia Helena
250–330| | | | | | | Maxentius
278–312
r. 306–312| | Valeria
Maximilla| | Maximinus II
270–313
r. 311–313
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Eutropia
d. 350| | Julius
Constantius
d. 337| | Licinius
c.265–325
r. 311–324| | Constantia
293–330| | Constantine I
272–337
r. 306–337| | Fausta
289–326| | Valerius Valens
r. 316–317| | Martinian
r. 324
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Nepotianus
r. 350| | Julianus II
331–363
r. 361–363| | Helena
d. 360| | Constantine II
316–340
r. 337–340| | Constantius II
317–361
r. 337–361| | Constans I
323–350
r. 337–350| | | | | | Magnentius
r. 350–353
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| | | | Jovian
331–364
r. 363–364| | Procopius
(cousin)
r. 365–366| | | | | | | | | | | Marina Severa
d. 375| | Valentinian I
321–375
r. 364–375| | Justina
d. 388| | Valens
328–378
r. 364–378
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| | | | Magnus Maximus
r. 383–388| | | | | | Constantia
362–383| | Gratian
359–383
r. 375–383| | Aelia Flaccilla
d. 385| | Theodosius I
347–395
r. 379–395| | Galla
d. 394| | Valentinian II
371–392
r. 388–392
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| | | | Victor
c. r. 385–388| | Eugenius
r. 392–394| | Constantine III
r. 407–411| | Priscus Attalus
r. 409| | Honorius
384–423
r. 395–423| | Arcadius
377–408
r. 395–408| | Galla Placidia
392–450| | Constantius III
r. 421

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| | | | | | | | | | | | Constans II
r. 409–411| | Marcian
396–457
r. 450–457| | Pulcheria
399–453| | Theodosius II
401–450
r. 408–450| | Joannes
r. 423–424| | | |
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unknown
brother| | Leo I
401–474
r. 457–474| | Verina
d. 484| | Basiliscus
r. 475–476| | Euphemia| | Anthemius
420–472
r. 467–472| | Petronius Maximus
397–455
r. 455| | Licinia Eudoxia
422–462| | Valentinian III
419–455
r. 425–455
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| | | | | | | | | | Marcus
r. 475–476| | Avitus
385–456
r. 455–456| | Majorian
420–461
r. 457–461| | Severus III
r. 461–465| | | Olybrius
r. 472| | Placidia| | Glycerius
r. 473–474
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niece of
Leo I| | Julius Nepos
r. 474–475| | Zeno
r. 474–475
r. 476–491| | Ariadne
450–515| | Anastasius I
430–518
r. 491–518| | Leontia| | Marcianus| | Orestes
c. 420–476
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467–474
r. 474| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Romulus
c. 465–520?
r. 475–476

## Later eastern emperors

[edit]

Further information: Family tree of Byzantine emperors

## References

[edit]

### Citations

[edit]

1. ^ Everitt 2007, pp. 9, 208, 313.
2. ^ Everitt 2007, p. 125.
3. ^ Everitt 2007, pp. xvi, xxi.
4. ^ a b Everitt 2007, pp. xviii, xxiii.
5. ^ Everitt 2007, pp. xviii, xxi.
6. ^ Everitt 2007, pp. xxx, xxiii.
7. ^ a b Everitt 2007, pp. xxi, xxiii.

### Sources

[edit]

* Everitt, Anthony (2007). Augustus: the life of Rome's first emperor. New York: Random House Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 978-0-8129-7058-6.

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*[c.]: circa
*[r.]: reigned
*[d.]: died
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