Family tree of the British royal family

Royal genealogy of the United Kingdom

This is the family tree of the British royal family, from James I (who united the crowns of England and Scotland) to the present monarch, Charles III.

For separate family trees before the 1603 Union of the Crowns, see Family tree of English monarchs, Family tree of Scottish monarchs, and Family tree of Welsh monarchs. This also includes England, Scotland and Wales; all part of the United Kingdom as well as the French Norman invasion.

For a simplified view, see: Family tree of British monarchs.

## Key

[edit]

Red borders indicate British monarchs| | Bold borders indicate legitimate children of British monarchs| | Bold red borders indicate both

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## Houses of Stuart, Hanover, Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, and Windsor

[edit]

Main articles: House of Stuart, House of Hanover, House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, and House of Windsor

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |  Stuart

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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Henry Stuart
1545–1567| | Mary
Queen of Scots
1542–1587

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | James I[a]
1566–1625
King of Scotland r. 1567–1625
King of England r. 1603–1625| | Anne
of Denmark
1574–1619| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Henry IV
1553–1610
King of France

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Henry Frederick
1594–1612
Prince of Wales| | Elizabeth Stuart
1596–1662| | Frederick V
1596–1632
Elector Palatine
King of Bohemia| | | | | | Margaret Stuart
1598–1600| | | | | | Charles I
1600–1649
King of England
r. 1625–1649| | Henrietta Maria
of France
1609–1669| | Robert Stuart
1602
Duke of Kintyre and Lorne| | Mary Stuart
1605–1607| | Sophia Stuart
of England
1606| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Louis XIII
1601–1643
King of France
| | |
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Hanover| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |  Orange| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Ernest Augustus
1629–1698
Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Elector of Hanover| | Sophia
of the Palatinate
1630–1714| | | | | | Charles
1629
Duke of Cornwall| | Charles II
1630–1685
King of Scotland r. 1649–1651 r. 1660–1685
King of England r. 1660–1685| | Catherine of Braganza
1638–1705| | William II
1626–1650
Prince of Orange| | Mary Stuart
1631–1660
Princess Royal| | Anne Hyde
1637–1671| | James II[a]
1633–1701
King of England r. 1685–1688| | Mary of Modena
1658–1718| | Elizabeth Stuart
1635–1650| | Anne Stuart
1637–1640| | Henry Stuart
1640–1660
Duke of Gloucester| | Henrietta Anne
of England
1644–1670| | Philippe I
1640–1701
Duke of Orléans
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (3 children)
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Sophia Dorothea
of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Celle
1666–1726| | George I
1660–1727
King of Great Britain r. 1714–1727| | Frederick Augustus
1661–1690| | Maximilian William
of Brunswick-Lüneburg
1666–1726| | Sophia Charlotte
of Hanover
1668–1705
Queen in Prussia| | Charles Philip
of Brunswick-Lüneburg
1669–1690| | Christian Henry
of Brunswick-Lüneburg
1671–1703| | Ernest Augustus
1674–1728
Duke of York and Albany| | | | | | | | Catherine Stuart
1675–1676| | Isabel Stuart
1676–1681| | Charles Stuart
1677
Duke of Cambridge| | Elizabeth Stuart
1678| | Charlotte Stuart
1682| | James Francis Edward Stuart
The Old Pretender
1688–1766
Prince of Wales| | Maria Clementina Sobieska
1702–1735| | Louisa Maria Stuart
1692–1712
Princess Royal
| | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Charles Stuart
1660–1661
Duke of Cambridge| | William III[a]
1650–1702
King of England r. 1689–1702| | Mary II
1662–1694
Queen of England r. 1689–1694| | James Stuart
1663–1667
Duke of Cambridge| | Anne
1665–1714
Queen of England r. 1702–1707
Queen of Great Britain r. 1707–1714| | George
1653–1708
Prince of Denmark and Norway, Duke of Cumberland| | Charles Stuart
1666–1667
Duke of Kendal| | Edgar Stuart
1667–1671
Duke of Cambridge| | Charles Edward Stuart
Bonnie Prince Charlie
1720–1788| | Henry Benedict Stuart
The Young Pretender
1725–1807
Cardinal Duke of York
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| | | | Caroline of Ansbach
1683–1737| | George II
1683–1760
King of Great Britain r. 1727–1760| | Sophia Dorothea
of Hanover
1687–1757| | Frederick William I
1688–1740
King of Prussia| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | William
1689–1700
Duke of Gloucester
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | Frederick Louis
1707–1708| | Wilhelmine
of Prussia
1709–1758
Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth| | Frederick William
of Prussia
1710–1711| | Frederick II
the Great
1712–1786
King of Prussia| | Charlotte Albertine
of Prussia
1713–1714| | Frederica Louise
of Prussia
1714–1784
Margravine of Brandenburg-Ansbach| | Philippine Charlotte
1716–11801
Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel| | Louis Charles William
of Prussia
1717–1719| | Sophia Dorothea
of Prussia
1719–1765
Margravine of Brandenburg-Schwedt| | Louisa Ulrika
1720–1782
Queen of Sweden| | Augustus William
of Prussia
1722–1758| | Anna Amalia
1723–1787
Abbess of Quedlinburg| | Frederick Henry Louis
of Prussia
1726–1802| | Augustus Ferdinand
of Prussia
1730–1813
Margravine of Brandenburg
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| | | | Augusta
of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
1719–1772
Princess of Wales| | Frederick Louis
1707–1751
Prince of Wales| | William IV
1711–1751
Prince of Orange| | Anne
1709–1759
Princess of Orange| | Amelia Sophia Eleonore
of Great Britain
1711–1786| | Caroline Elizabeth
of Great Britain
1713–1757| | George William
of Great Britain
1717–1718| | William Augustus
1721–1765
Duke of Cumberland| | Mary
of Great Britain
1723–1772| | Frederick II
1720–1785
Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel| | Louise
of Great Britain
1724–1751| | Frederick V
1723–1766
King of Denmark and Norway
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (2 children)| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (2 other children)
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Augusta
of Great Britain
1737–1813| | Charles William Ferdinand
1735–1806
Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg| | George III
1738–1820
King of Great Britain r. 1760–1801
King of the United Kingdom r. 1801–1820| | Charlotte
of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
1744–1818| | | | | | Edward
1739–1767
Duke of York and Albany| | Elizabeth Caroline
of Great Britain
1741–1759| | William Henry
1743–1805
Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh| | Henry
1745–1790
Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn| | Louisa Anne
of Great Britain
1749–1768| | Frederick William
of Great Britain
1750–1765| | Caroline Matilda
of Great Britain
1751–1775| | Christian VII
1749–1808
King of Denmark and Norway| | William I
1743–1821
Elector of Hesse| | Wilhelmina Caroline
of Denmark
1747–1820| | Charles
of Hesse-Kassel
1744–1836| | Louise
of Denmark
1750–1831
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| | | | | | | | | | Ernest Augustus
1771–1851
King of Hanover| | Frederica
of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
1778–1841| | Augustus Frederick
1773–1843
Duke of Sussex| | Adolphus Frederick
1774–1850
Duke of Cambridge| | Augusta
of Hesse-Kassel
1797–1889| | William Frederick
1776–1834
Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh| | Mary
of the United Kingdom
1776–1857| | Sophia
of the United Kingdom
1777–1848| | Octavius
of Great Britain
1779–1783| | Alfred
of Great Britain
1780–1782| | Amelia
of the United Kingdom
1783–1810
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | George V
1819–1878
King of Hanover| | Augustus d'Este
1794–1848| | Augustus Frederick
1773–1843
Duke of Sussex| | Augusta
of Cambridge
1822–1916| | George
1819–1904
Duke of Cambridge| | Mary Adelaide
of Cambridge
1833–1897| | Francis
1837–1900
Duke of Teck
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Caroline
of Brunswick
1768–1821| | George IV
1762–1830
King of the United Kingdom r. 1820–1830| | Frederick Augustus
1763–1827
Duke of York and Albany| | Frederica Charlotte
of Prussia
1767–1820| | Adelaide
of Saxe-Meiningen
1792–1849| | William IV
1765–1837
King of the United Kingdom r. 1830–1837| | Charlotte
1766–1828
Princess Royal| | Frederick I
1754–1816
King of Württemberg| | Edward Augustus
1767–1820
Duke of Kent and Strathearn| | Victoria
of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
1786–1861| | Augusta Sophia
of the United Kingdom
1768–1840| | Elizabeth ("Eliza")
of the United Kingdom
1770–1840| | Frederick VI
1769–1829
Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg
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Leopold I
1790–1865
King of the Belgians| | Charlotte
of Wales
1796–1817| | | | | | | | | | Charlotte
of Clarence
1819| | Elizabeth
of Clarence
1820–1821| | | | | | Albert
1819–1861
Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha| | Victoria
1819–1901
Queen of the United Kingdom r. 1837–1901
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Frederick III
1831–1888
German Emperor, King of Prussia| | Victoria
1840–1901
Princess Royal| | Alexandra
of Denmark
1844–1925| | Edward VII
1841–1910
King of the United Kingdom r. 1901–1910| | Alice
of the United Kingdom
1843–1878| | Louis IV
1837–1892
Grand Duke of Hesse| | Alfred
1844–1900
Duke of Edinburgh/Saxe-Coburg and Gotha| | Maria Alexandrovna
1853–1920| | Helena
of the United Kingdom
1846–1923| | Christian
of Schleswig-Holstein
1831–1917| | Louise
1848–1939| | John Campbell
1845–1914
Duke of Argyll| | Arthur
1850–1942
Duke of Connaught and Strathearn| | Louise Margaret
of Prussia
1860–1917| | Leopold
1853–1884
Duke of Albany| | Helen
of Waldeck and Pyrmont
1861–1922| | Beatrice
of the United Kingdom
1857–1944| | Henry
of Battenberg
1858–1896
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | 7 other children| | | | | | | | | | | | 7 other children| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 4 children| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3 children
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Wilhelm II
1859–1941
German Emperor, King of Prussia| |  Windsor| | | Alfred
of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
1874–1899| | Marie
of Edinburgh
1875–1938| | Victoria Melita
of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
1876–1936| | Ernest Louis
1868–1937
Grand Duke of Hesse| | Alexandra
of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
1878–1942| | Beatrice
of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
1884–1966| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Margaret
of Connaught
1882–1920| | Arthur
of Connaught
1883–1938| | Patricia
of Connaught
1886–1974| | Alice
1883–1981| | Charles Edward
Duke of Albany/Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
1884–1954
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Albert Victor
1864–1892
Duke of Clarence and Avondale| | George V
1865–1936
King of the United Kingdom r. 1910–1936| | Mary
of Teck
1867–1953| | Louise
1867–1931
Princess Royal| | Alexander Duff
1849–1912
Duke of Fife| | Victoria
of the United Kingdom
1868–1935| | Maud
of Wales
1869–1938| | Haakon VII
1872–1957
King of Norway| | Alexander John
of Wales
1871
| | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Wallis Simpson
1896–1986| | Edward VIII
1894–1972
King of the United Kingdom r. 1936
Duke of Windsor| | George VI
1895–1952
King of the United Kingdom r. 1936–1952| | Elizabeth
1900–2002| | Mary
1897–1965
Princess Royal| | Henry Lascelles
1882–1947
Earl of Harewood| | Henry
1900–1974
Duke of Gloucester| | Alice
1901–2004| | George
1902–1942
Duke of Kent| | Marina
of Greece and Denmark
1906–1968| | John
of the United Kingdom
1905–1919
| | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Philip
of Greece and Denmark
1921–2021
Duke of Edinburgh| | Elizabeth II
1926–2022
Queen of the United Kingdom r. 1952–2022| | Margaret
1930–2002| | Antony Armstrong-Jones
Earl of Snowdon
1930–2017| | | | | | William
of Gloucester
1941–1972| | Richard
b. 1944
Duke of Gloucester| | Birgitte
b. 1946| | | Edward
b. 1935
Duke of Kent| | Katharine
b. 1933| | Alexandra
b. 1936| | Angus Ogilvy
1928–2004| | Michael
of Kent
b. 1942| | Marie-Christine (Michael)
of Kent
b. 1945
| | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Diana
1961–1997
Princess of Wales| | Charles III
b. 1948
King of the United Kingdom r. 2022–present| | Camilla
b. 1947| | | | | | Mark Phillips
b. 1948| | Anne
b. 1950
Princess Royal| | Timothy Laurence
b. 1955| | | | | | Andrew
Duke of York
b. 1960| | Sarah
Duchess of York
b. 1959| | | | | | Edward
Duke of Edinburgh
b. 1964| | Sophie
Duchess of Edinburgh
b. 1965
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Catherine
b. 1982
Princess of Wales| | William
b. 1982
Prince of Wales
(1st in line[b])| | Harry
b. 1984
Duke of Sussex
(5th in line[b])| | Meghan
b. 1981
Duchess of Sussex| | Peter Phillips
b. 1977| | Zara Tindall
b. 1981| | Mike Tindall
b. 1978| | Edoardo Mapelli Mozzi
b. 1983| | Beatrice
b. 1988| | Eugenie
b. 1990| | Jack Brooksbank
b. 1986| | Louise Mountbatten-Windsor
b. 2003| | James Mountbatten-Windsor
b. 2007
| | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
George
of Wales
b. 2013
(2nd in line[b])| | Charlotte
of Wales
b. 2015
(3rd in line[b])| | Louis
of Wales
b. 2018
(4th in line[b])| | Archie
of Sussex
b. 2019
(6th in line[b])| | Lilibet
of Sussex
b. 2021

## See also

[edit]

* House of Windsor
* House of Stuart
* House of Hanover
* Family tree of British monarchs
* Alternative successions of the English crown
* Line of succession to the British throne
* Monarchy of the United Kingdom
* List of English monarchs
* List of British monarchs

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ a b c Title as King of England
2. ^ a b c d e f The first six people in the line of succession are noted here because they must obtain the Monarch's consent before marrying.[1]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Succession to the Crown Act 2013, s. 3". legislation.gov.uk.

* "The Tudors (1485–1603) and the Stuarts (1603–1714)" (PDF). The official website of the British Monarchy. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
* "The Hanoverians (1714–1837)" (PDF). The official website of the British Monarchy. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
* "Saxe-Coburg & Gotha (1837–1917) and the Windsors (1917 – Present Day)" (PDF). The official website of the British Monarchy. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-12-02. Retrieved 2010-07-30.

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* Monaco
* Netherlands
* Orange-Nassau
* Norway
* Petrović-Njegoš
* Poland
* Portugal
* Russia
* Serbia
* Nemanjić
* Sweden
* Von Graben

| Britain|

* Monarchs
* England
* Scotland
* Wales
* Great Britain
* simplified
* Pontefract de Lacys

|

Croatia|

* Trpimirović
* Frankopan
* Šubić
* Zrinski

Georgia|

* From antiquity to united Georgia
* Kartli
* Kakheti
* Imereti

Italy|

* Monarchs
* Naples
* Sicily
* Medici

Rome (Ancient)|

* Caecilii Metelli
* Cornelii Scipiones
* Ancient Roman emperors
* Julio-Claudian
* Severan
* Byzantine emperors

Spain|

* Monarchs
* Aragon
* Castile
* Navarre

*[r.]: reigned
*[b.]: born
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