Fascism in North America

Part of a series on

Fascism

Principles

* Actual idealism
* Aestheticization of politics
* Anti-communism
* Anti-intellectualism
* Anti-materialism
* Anti-pacifism
* Authoritarianism
* Chauvinism
* Class collaboration
* Corporatism
* Proprietary Corporation
* Counter-Enlightenment
* Cult of personality
* Dictatorship
* Direct action
* Dirigisme
* Eugenics
* Heroic capitalism
* Heroic realism
* Heroism
* Imperialism
* Economic
* Social
* Irrationalism
* Machismo
* Masculinity
* Militarism
* National syndicalism
* Nationalism
* Integral
* Palingenetic
* Ultra
* New Man
* One-party state
* Perpetual war
* Populism
* Proletarian nation
* Propaganda
* Racism
* Reactionary modernism
* Social Darwinism
* Social order
* Spazio vitale
* State capitalism
* Statolatry
* Supercapitalism
* Syncretism
* Third Position
* Totalitarianism

Topics

* Definitions
* Economics
* Ideology
* Martyrs
* Movements
* Mysticism
* Symbolism

Politicians

* al-Gaylani
* Arcand
* Araki
* Balbo
* Bandera
* Bose
* Böszörmény
* Bottai
* Blythe
* Bucard
* Ciano
* Codreanu
* Darnand
* Déat
* Degrelle
* Déroulède
* Doriot
* Engdahl
* Federzoni
* Flores
* Franco
* Frashëri
* Goga
* Hitler
* Hlinka
* Hoornaert
* Ljotić
* de Man
* von Marées
* Monshizadeh
* Mosley
* Mussolini
* Nakano
* O'Duffy
* Quisling
* Pavelić
* Pavolini
* Pelley
* Preto
* Primo de Rivera
* Rodzaevsky
* Saadeh
* Salgado
* Sima
* Starace
* Starhemberg
* Strasser (Gregor)
* Strasser (Otto)
* Szálasi
* Tiso
* Türkeş
* Vallat
* Valois
* Van Severen
* Wilson

Intellectuals

* Ahimeir
* Arthuys
* Bardèche
* Béraud
* Brăileanu
* Brasillach
* Céline
* Chamberlain
* Chesterton
* Civinini
* Cogni
* Collins
* Corradini
* Crainic
* Croce
* Cupcea
* D'Annunzio
* Dilling
* Drieu La Rochelle
* Evola
* Gentile
* Giani
* Gini
* de Gobineau
* Herseni
* Ionescu
* Kita
* Krannhals
* de Lapouge
* Lewis
* Malaparte
* Manuilă
* Marinetti
* Maxence
* Michels
* Mosley
* Ojetti
* Ōkawa
* Olivetti
* Orano
* Panero
* Panunzio
* Pirandello
* Pitt-Rivers
* Pound
* Ramos
* Rebatet
* Reghini
* Rosenberg
* Sadoveanu-Evan
* Saint-Loup
* Savarkar
* Scaligero
* Schmitt
* Schwarz
* Soffici
* Sorel
* Spirito
* Streel
* Thomson
* Ungaretti
* Valois

Literature

* Triumph of Death (1894)
* The Flame (1900)
* The Will to Power (1901)
* Reflections on Violence (1908)
* Fascio Rivoluzionario d'Azione
Internazionalista (1914)
* Prussianism and Socialism (1919)
* "Futurist Manifesto" (1919)
* Fascist Manifesto (1919)
* Das Dritte Reich (1923)
* Mein Kampf (1925)
* Manifesto of the Fascist Intellectuals (1925)
* Frederick the Second (1927)
* My Autobiography (1928)
* The Myth of the Twentieth Century (1930)
* The Outlaws (1930)
* "The Doctrine of Fascism" (1932)
* Twenty-Six Point Program of
the Falange (1934)
* Man, the Unknown (1935)
* For My Legionaries (1936)
* Guide to Kulchur (1938)
* A Warning to the Hindus (1939)
* Gilles (1939)

Organizations

* Arrow Cross Party
* Blackshirts
* Blueshirts
* Brazilian Integralist Action
* British Democratic Party (2013)
* British National Party
* British Union of Fascists
* Stewards
* Canadian Union of Fascists
* Fasci d'Azione Rivoluzionaria
* Fasci Italiani di Combattimento
* Fatherland Front
* FE de las JONS
* FET y de las JONS
* French Popular Party
* Futurist Political Party
* IKL
* Iron Guard
* Kataeb Party
* Kokumin Dōmei
* Lapua Movement
* Mouvement Franciste
* Nasjonal Samling
* National Christian Party
* National Fascist Party
* Nazi Party
* Gestapo
* Hitler Youth
* RAD
* SA
* SS
* National Radical Camp
* National Social Movement
* New Party
* Opera Nazionale Balilla
* Patriotic People's Movement
* Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
* Ratniks
* Republican Fascist Party
* Revolutionary Mexicanist Action
* Revolutionary Union
* Rexist Party
* Russian Fascist Party
* Silver Legion of America
* Squadrismo
* School of Fascist Mysticism
* Slovak People's Party
* Taisei Yokusankai
* Tōhōkai
* UR Group
* Ustaše
* Ustaše Youth
* Verdinaso
* VFO
* Vlajka
* VNV

Media

* Action
* Ajan Suunta
* The American Review
* Der Angriff
* Arriba
* The Blackshirt
* Buna Vestire
* Critica fascista
* Fashist
* Gândirea
* Gringoire
* Il Popolo d'Italia
* Je suis partout
* La Conquista del Estado
* Le Pays Réel
* L'Idea Nazionale
* Lidel
* Nash Put'
* Nástup
* Neues Volk
* Nippon Fujin
* NS-Frauen-Warte
* Das Schwarze Korps
* Volk en Staat
* Völkischer Beobachter

History

* March on Rome
* Beer Hall Putsch
* Gentile Reform
* Aventine Secession
* Second Italo-Senussi War
* Mukden Incident
* German election of 1932
* Enabling Act
* Austrian Civil War
* Exhibition of the Fascist Revolution
* 1934 Montreux Fascist conference
* Second Italo-Ethiopian War
* 1935 Revolution Day Zócalo Battle
* Spanish Civil War
* Unification Decree
* Battle of Cable Street
* Second Sino-Japanese War
* Marco Polo Bridge Incident
* Japanese war crimes
* Anti-Comintern Pact
* Kristallnacht
* Italian invasion of Albania
* Pact of Steel
* Peasant March
* World War II
* The Holocaust
* Downfall in Italy
* Downfall in Germany
* Surrender of Japan
* Nuremberg trials
* International Military Tribunal for
the Far East

Variants

* Albanian
* Arab
* Argentine
* Nacionalismo
* Orthodox Peronism
* Austrian
* Brazilian
* British
* Christian
* Christian Identity
* Clerical
* Crypto-
* Croatian socialism
* Eco-
* Falangism
* Francoism
* French
* Doriotism
* Pétainism
* Valoisism
* Hindutva
* Hungarism
* Hutu
* Ibañism
* Ilminism
* Irish
* Islamic
* Qutbism
* Khomeinism
* Italian
* Intransigent
* Japanese
* Emperor-system
* Reform bureaucratism
* Statism
* Restoration
* Ultra-
* Jewish/Israeli
* Kahanism
* Revisionist Maximalism
* Nazism
* Austrian
* Esoteric
* Hitlerism
* Strasserism
* Swedish
* Neo-
* Finnish
* Legionarism
* Pan-Turkic
* Rexism
* Romanian
* Legionarism
* National Legionary State
* Neo-
* Romanianism/Stelism
* Russian
* Syndicalist
* Syrian Social Nationalism
* Techno-
* Third Position
* National-anarchism
* National Bolshevism
* Nazi-Maoism
* Ukrainian
* Banderism
* National Shevchenkoism
* Uruguayan
* Marzism
* Revisionism
* Sosism

By continent

* Asia
* Europe
* Bulgaria
* Netherlands
* Russia
* North America
* Canada
* United States
* South America
* Peru
* Uruguay

Related topics

* Anti-fascism
* Axis powers
* Criticism of fascism
* Donald Trump and fascism
* Extremism of the centre
* F-scale
* Fascist as an insult
* Feudal fascism
* Futurism
* Glossary of Fascist Italy
* Lebensphilosophie
* Mediterraneanism
* Para-fascism
* Paramilitary
* Post-fascism
* Proto-fascism
* Red fascism
* Social fascism

* Politics portal

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* e

This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. (February 2025)

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Fascism, a far-right, authoritarian, and ultranationalist political ideology and movement, has a long history in North America, with the earliest movements appearing shortly after the rise of fascism in Europe.[1]

## Canada

[edit]

Main article: Fascism in Canada

Further information: Antisemitism in Canada and Racism in Canada

In Canada, fascism was divided between two main political parties, the Winnipeg-based Canadian Union of Fascists and the Parti national social chrétien, later renamed the Canadian National Socialist Unity Party. The Canadian Union of Fascists was modelled after the British Union of Fascists and led by Chuck Crate. The Canadian National Socialist Unity Party was founded by Adrien Arcand and inspired by Nazism. The Canadian Union of Fascists in English Canada never reached the level of popularity that the Parti national social chrétien enjoyed in Quebec.[2] The Canadian Union of Fascists focused on economic issues, while the Parti national social chrétien concentrated on racist themes. The influence of the Canadian fascist movement reached its height during the Great Depression and declined from then on.[3]

## Central America

[edit]

See also: Nazi Party/Foreign Organization

As a minor movement, the Nazi Party was active among German immigrants in El Salvador, where the government cracked down on activity,[4] and Guatemala, which outlawed the Nazi Party and the Hitler Youth in May 1939.[5] They also organised in Nicaragua, although Falangism was more important, especially in the Colegio Centro América in Managua, where this brand of fascism flourished in the 1930s.[6]

### Costa Rica

[edit]

The existence of figures who were sympathetic to Nazism in high political positions has been pointed out in the administrations of León Cortés Castro and Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia. Cortés, being a presidential candidate and having spent some time in Nazi Germany, was publicly viewed as a sympathizer.[7][8]

In the 1930s, a movement which was sympathetic to Nazism developed among a large community of Germans.[9] Supporters of Nazism met in a local German Club.[9]

During Calderón Guardia's presidency, Costa Rica declared war on the Third Reich, leading to the imprisonment of many German and Italian citizens and residents. Their properties were nationalized, despite the fact that the vast majority had no links with Nazism or Fascism.[8] The doctrinal origins of racism and the allegations of European racial superiority in Costa Rica predated this event. For instance, Costa Rican scientist Clodomiro Picado Twight published racist writings that contributed to these ideologies.[10]

### Panama

[edit]

The Central American leader who came closest to being an important domestic fascist was Arnulfo Arias of Panama who during the 1940s, became a strong admirer and advocate of Italian fascism following his ascension to presidency in 1940.[11]

## Caribbean

[edit]

Fascism was rare in Caribbean politics, both for the same reasons as those in Central America as well as due to the continuation of colonialism into the 1950s. However, Falangist movements have been active in Cuba, notably under Antonio Avendaño and Alfonso Serrano Vilariño, from 1936 to 1940.[12] A Cuban Nazi Party was also active and attempted to change its name to the 'Fifth Column Party', but it was ultimately banned in 1941.[13] As in Cuba, Falangist groups have been active in Puerto Rico, especially during World War II, when an 8,000 member branch came under FBI scrutiny.[14]

## Mexico

[edit]

Further information: Racism in Mexico

In 1922, the Mexican Fascist Party was founded by Gustavo Sáenz de Sicilia. Italian fascists strongly disapproved of the new party, and in 1923, the Italian ambassador stated, "This party was not anything else than a bad imitation of ours".[15]

The National Synarchist Union was founded in 1937 by José Antonio Urquiza. The group espoused some aspects of the palingenetic ultranationalism, a core tenet of fascism, as it aimed to bring about a societal rebirth, distancing itself from anarchism, communism, socialism, liberalism, Freemasonry, secularism and Americanism,which it believed was prevalent in Mexico. However, it differed from European fascism in that it was very Roman Catholic in nature.[16] Although supportive of corporatism, the National Synarchist Union was arguably too counterrevolutionary to be considered truly fascist.[17]

A similar group, the Gold Shirts, founded in 1933 by Nicolás Rodríguez Carrasco, also bore some of the hallmarks of fascism.

A Falange Española Tradicionalista was also formed in Mexico by the Spanish merchants who were based there and opposed the consistent level of support Lázaro Cárdenas gave to the Republicans during the Spanish Civil War. However, the group was peripheral because it did not seek to acquire any amount of influence outside this immigrant population.[18] A Partido Nacional Socialista Mexicano was also active, with most of its 15,000 members having a German background.[19]

A more modern group, the Nationalist Front of Mexico was founded in San Luis Potosí in 2006 by Juan Carlos López Lee. It strongly promoted the Reconquista ideology.

## United States

[edit]

Main article: Fascism in the United States

The origins of fascism in the United States date back to the late 19th century, during the passage of Jim Crow laws in the American South, the rise of the eugenicist discourse in the U.S., and the intensification of nativist and xenophobic hostility towards European immigrants. During the early 20th century, several groups were formed in the United States. Contemporary historians have classified these groups as fascist organizations; one of them being the Ku Klux Klan (KKK).[20] During the 1920s, American scholars frequently wrote about the rise of Italian fascism under Benito Mussolini, but few of them supported it; however, Mussolini's fascist policies did initially gain widespread support among Italian Americans.[21][22] During the 1930s, Virgil Effinger established the paramilitary Black Legion, a violent offshoot of the KKK that sought to establish fascism in the United States by launching a revolution against the federal government. Although it was responsible for a number of attacks, the Black Legion was small in size and ultimately petered out.[23]

The rise of fascism in Europe during the interwar period raised concerns in the U.S. but European fascist regimes were largely viewed in a positive light by the American ruling class, including government officials, businessmen, and other members of the elite. This was due to the fact that fascist interpretations of ultranationalism allowed a nation to gain a significant amount of economic influence in the Western world and permitted a nation's government to destroy leftists and labour movements.[24]

### German American Bund (1936–1941)

[edit]

* Flag of the German American Bund (1936)

* Bund parade on East 86th St., New York City (October 1939)

* Poster for Bund rally at Madison Square Garden (1939)

The German American Bund was the most prominent and well-organized fascist organization in the United States. It was founded in 1936, following the model of Hitler's Nazi Germany. It appeared shortly after the founding of several smaller groups, including the Friends of New Germany and the Silver Legion of America, founded in 1933 by William Dudley Pelley and the Free Society of Teutonia. After March 1, 1938, membership in the German-American Bund was only open to American citizens of German descent.[25][26] Its main goal was to promote a favorable view of Nazi Germany. The Bund was very active, providing its members with uniforms and encouraging participation in "training camps".[27] The Bund held rallies with Nazi insignia and procedures such as the Hitler salute. Its leaders denounced the administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Jewish-American groups, Communism, "Moscow-directed" trade unions and American boycotts of German goods.[28] They claimed that George Washington was "the first Fascist" because he did not believe that democracy would work.[29]

The high point of the Bund's activities was their rally at Madison Square Garden in New York City on February 20, 1939, with around 20,000 people in attendance.[30] The anti-Semitic Speakers repeatedly referred to President Roosevelt "Frank D. Rosenfeld", calling his New Deal the "Jew Deal", as well as denouncing the supposed Bolshevik-Jewish American leadership.[31] The rally ended with violence between protesters and the Bund's "storm-troopers".[32] In 1941, the Bund was outlawed by the U.S. government, and its leader, Fritz Julius Kuhn, fled to Mexico.

### World War II and "The Great Sedition Trial" (1944)

[edit]

During World War II, Canada and the United States battled the Axis powers. As part of the war effort, they suppressed the fascist movements within their borders, which were already weakened by the widespread public perception that they were fifth columns. This suppression consisted of the internment of fascist leaders, the disbanding of fascist organizations, the censorship of fascist propaganda and pervasive government propaganda against fascism. In the U.S., this campaign of suppression culminated in "The Great Sedition Trial" of November 1944, in which George Sylvester Viereck, Lawrence Dennis, Elizabeth Dilling, William Dudley Pelley, Joe McWilliams, Robert Edward Edmondson, Gerald Winrod, William Griffin, and, in absentia, Ulrich Fleischhauer were all put on trial for aiding the Nazi cause, supporting fascism and isolationism. After the death of the judge however, a mistrial was declared and all of the charges were dropped.[33]

### Later years and the American Nazi Party (1959–1983)

[edit]

In 1959, the American Nazi Party was founded by George Lincoln Rockwell, a former U.S. Navy commander, who was dismissed from the Navy due to his espousal of fascist political views. On August 25, 1967, Rockwell was shot and killed in Arlington by John Patler, a former party member who had previously been expelled by Rockwell due to his espousal of his alleged "Bolshevik leanings".[34] The Party was dissolved in 1983.

### Donald Trump and fascism

[edit]

Main article: Donald Trump and fascism

See also: Alt-right, Political positions of Donald Trump, Racial views of Donald Trump, Radical right (United States), and Trumpism

Some scholars have drawn comparisons between the political styles of Donald Trump and fascist leaders. Such assessments began during Trump's 2016 presidential campaign,[35][36] and continued throughout the first Trump presidency as he appeared to court far-right extremists,[37][38][39][40] including his attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election after losing to Joe Biden,[41] and culminating in the 2021 United States Capitol attack.[42]

## Notable neo-fascist and neo-Nazi groups

[edit]

### United States

[edit]

* American Freedom Party, formerly known as the American Third Position Party, founded by William Daniel Johnson in 2010.
* American Front: an umbrella organization.
* American Nazi Party: Founded by George Lincoln Rockwell in 1959, this group was central to the foundation of the World Union of National Socialists.
* Aryan Brotherhood: a prison gang.
* Aryan Freedom Network: Texas-based neo-Nazi organization.
* Aryan Nations: a Christian Identity organization founded by Richard Girnt Butler.
* Aryan Republican Army: a Christian identity and white supremacist gang which robbed 22 banks in the Midwestern United States from 1992 to 1996.
* Atomwaffen Division: a neo-Nazi paramilitary terrorist organization which is infamous for its killing of 8 people, most notably, the murder of Blaze Bernstein.
* The Base (hate group): a neo-Nazi, white supremacist and accelerationist paramilitary hate group and training network, formed in 2018 by Rinaldo Nazzaro and active in the United States, Canada, Australia, South Africa, and Europe.
* Creativity Movement: a white separatist organization which espouses Creativity, an atheistic religion which espouses white supremacy.
* The Daily Stormer: an American far-right, neo-Nazi, white supremacist, misogynist, Islamophobic, antisemitic, and Holocaust denial commentary and message board that advocates a second genocide against Jews. Launched by Andrew Anglin on July 4, 2013, The Daily Stormer is part of the alt-right movement.
* National Alliance: founded in 1974 by William Luther Pierce, the author of The Turner Diaries.
* National Justice Party, founded by Mike Enoch in 2020, is part of the below mentioned Patriot Front.
* National Renaissance Party: of occultist James H. Madole.
* National Socialist Movement: formed in 1974.
* National Socialist Party of America: founded in 1970 by Frank Collin.
* National States' Rights Party: founded in 1958 by J. B. Stoner.
* New Order: led by Matt Koehl with the goal of developing a religion based on Nazism.
* The Order: a revolutionary group established in 1983 by Robert Jay Mathews.
* Patriot Front: an alt-right American nationalist movement founded by Thomas Rousseau as an offshoot of Vanguard America.
* Proud Boys: a far-right militant group with ties to white nationalism.[43][44][45]
* Stormfront: a white nationalist website.
* Traditionalist Worker Party, a now defunct neo-fascist organization that was run by Matthew Heimbach, which was known for its sympathy for world movements including Hezbollah, North Korea, Iran, Bashar al-Assad, it was founded in 2013 and lasted until 2018.
* Universal Order: founded by James Mason and heavily influenced by Charles Manson.
* Vanguard America: founded by Dillion Irizarry, part of the Nationalist Front and the alt-right.
* Volksfront: a white power skinhead group led by Randall Krager.
* White Aryan Resistance: a highly racist organization led by Tom Metzger.
* White Patriot Party: originally the Carolina Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, a group founded by Frazier Glenn Miller Jr. in 1980.

### Canada

[edit]

* Canadian Association for Free Expression, founded by Paul Fromm in 1981.
* Heritage Front, founded in 1989 and disbanded in 2005.
* National-Socialist Party of Canada, founded by Terry Tremaine in 2006.
* Nationalist Party of Canada, founded in 1977 by Don Andrews.
* Northern Order, a neo-Nazi terrorist organization founded in 2018.
* Western Guard Party, an extremist offshoot of the Edmund Burke Society founded in 1967.

## See also

[edit]

* Anti-fascism
* Christian fascism a form of clerical fascism
* Definitions of fascism
* Fascism and ideology
* Racism in Africa
* Fascism in Asia
* Racism in Asia
* Fascism in Europe
* Antisemitism in Europe
* Racism in Europe
* Racism in North America
* Fascism in South America
* Racism in South America
* Nazism in the Americas
* Far-right politics
* Far-right subcultures
* Geography of antisemitism
* Hindu terrorism
* Hindutva
* Hindu nationalism
* History of antisemitism
* Nativism (politics)#United States
* Nativism in United States politics
* Neo-Confederates, believers in the Lost Cause of the Confederacy
* Post–World War II anti-fascism
* Racism by country
* Racism in Canada
* Racism in North America
* Racism in the United States
* Antisemitism in the United States
* Antisemitism in the United States in the 21st century
* History of antisemitism in the United States
* Racism against African Americans
* Racism against Asians#United States
* Racism against Native Americans in the United States
* Radicalism in the United States
* Radical right (United States)
* Terrorism in the United States
* Domestic terrorism in the United States
* Radical right (Europe)
* Terrorism in Europe
* Religious discrimination in the United States
* Religious terrorism
* Right-wing terrorism#United States
* White backlash#United States
* White nationalism#United States
* White supremacy#United States
* Xenophobia#United States
* Xenophobia in the United States
* List of Fascist movements
* List of fascist movements by country
* List of Ku Klux Klan organizations
* List of neo-Nazi organizations
* List of organizations designated by the Southern Poverty Law Center as hate groups
* List of white nationalist organizations

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Evans, Richard J. (January 17, 2024). "What Is the History of Fascism in the United States?". ISSN 0027-8378. Retrieved December 20, 2024.
2. ^ Belshaw, John Douglas (May 17, 2016). "6.8 Canadian Fascists". `{{cite journal}}`: Cite journal requires `|journal=` (help)
3. ^ Gonick, Cy (January 13, 2015). "Fascism". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Canada. Archived from the original on October 10, 2008. Retrieved June 16, 2009.
4. ^ Gunther, Inside Latin America, p. 129
5. ^ Gunther, Inside Latin America, p. 125
6. ^ Gunther, Inside Latin America, pp. 141–2
7. ^ "AFEHC : articulos : Antisemitismo en Costa Rica: una comparación con Alemania : Antisemitismo en Costa Rica: una comparación con Alemania". afehc-historia-centroamericana.org. Archived from the original on November 21, 2011. Retrieved July 20, 2019.
8. ^ a b "El fantasma nazi – ÁNCORA". nacion.com.
9. ^ a b "Preludios de miedo y violencia – ÁNCORA". nacion.com.
10. ^ Duncan, Quince. "Génesis y evolución del racismo real-doctrinario" (PDF). enlaceacademico.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 19, 2012. Retrieved July 20, 2019.
11. ^ "Arnulfo Arias, 87, Panamanian Who Was President 3 Times". The New York Times. August 11, 1988.
12. ^ "La Delegación Nacional del Servicio Exterior de la Falange". www.rumbos.net.
13. ^ Gunther, Inside Latin America, p. 467
14. ^ Gunther, Inside Latin America, pp. 434–5
15. ^ Franco Savarino, "The Sentinel of the Bravo: Italian Fascism in Mexico, 1922–35." Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions 2.3 (2001): 97–120.
16. ^ Roger Griffin (1993). The Nature of Fascism. p. 149.
17. ^ Payne. A History of Fascism 1914–45. pp. 342–3.
18. ^ A. Hennessy, "Fascism and Populism in Latin America", W. Laqueur, Fascism: A Reader's Guide, Harmondsworth: Pelican, 1979, p. 283
19. ^ John Gunther, Inside Latin America, 1941, p. 113
20. ^ Tenorio, Rich (September 30, 2023). "Fascism in America: a long history that predates Trump". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved February 26, 2024.
21. ^ John P. Diggins, Mussolini and Fascism: The View from America (Princeton University Press, 1972).
22. ^ Francesca De Lucia, "The Impact of Fascism and World War II on Italian-American Communities." Italian Americana 26.1 (2008): 83–95 online.
23. ^ Michael E. Birdwell (2001). Celluloid Soldiers. p. 45.
24. ^ Chomsky 2003, p. 46.
25. ^ Bell, Leland V. (1970). "The Failure of Nazism in America: The German American Bund, 1936-1941". Political Science Quarterly. 85 (4): 585–599\. doi:10.2307/2147597. JSTOR 2147597.
26. ^ Van Ells, Mark D. (August 2007). Americans for Hitler – The Bund. Vol. 3\. pp. 44–49. Retrieved May 13, 2016. `{{cite book}}`: `|work=` ignored (help)
27. ^ "German-American Bund". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved February 5, 2012.
28. ^ Patricia Kollander; John O'Sullivan (2005). "I must be a part of this war": a German American's fight against Hitler and Nazism. Fordham Univ Press. p. 37\. ISBN 0-8232-2528-3.
29. ^ "Nazis Hail George Washington as First Fascist". Life. March 7, 1938. p. 17. Retrieved November 25, 2011.
30. ^ "Bund Activities Widespread. Evidence Taken by Dies Committee Throws Light on Meaning of the Garden Rally". The New York Times. February 26, 1939. Retrieved February 19, 2015. "Disorders attendant upon Nazi rallies in New York and Los Angeles this week again focused attention upon the Nazi movement in the United States and inspired conjectures as to its strength and influence."
31. ^ "When Nazis Rallied at Madison Square Garden". WNYC Archives. Event occurs at 1:05:54. Retrieved March 14, 2022. "...and in our political life, where a Henry Morgenthau takes the place of men like Alexander Hamilton, and a Frank D. Rosenfeld takes the place of a George Washington."
32. ^ Buder, Emily (October 10, 2017). "When 20,000 American Nazis Descended Upon New York City". The Atlantic. Retrieved December 6, 2017. "In 1939, the German American Bund organized a rally of 20,000 Nazi supporters at Madison Square Garden in New York City."
33. ^ Piper, Michael Collins, and Ken Hoop. "A Mockery of Justice—The Great Sedition Trial of 1944." The Barnes Review 5 (1999): 5–20 online Archived July 18, 2022, at the Wayback Machine.
34. ^ "Killer of American Nazi Chief Paroled". St. Joseph News-Press. August 23, 1975. Retrieved December 3, 2021.
35. ^ Kagan, Robert (May 18, 2016). "This is how fascism comes to America". The Washington Post. Retrieved August 7, 2021.
36. ^ McGaughey, Ewan (2018). "Fascism-Lite in America (or the Social Ideal of Donald Trump)". British Journal of American Legal Studies. 7 (2): 291–315\. doi:10.2478/bjals-2018-0012. S2CID 195842347. SSRN 2773217.
37. ^ Stanley, Jason (October 15, 2018). "If You're Not Scared About Fascism in the U.S., You Should Be". The New York Times. Retrieved August 7, 2021.
38. ^ Snyder, Timothy (October 30, 2018). "Donald Trump borrows from the old tricks of fascism". The Guardian. Retrieved June 11, 2020.
39. ^ Gordon, Peter (January 7, 2020). "Why Historical Analogy Matters". The New York Review of Books. Retrieved August 7, 2021.
40. ^ Szalai, Jennifer (June 10, 2020). "The Debate Over the Word Fascism Takes a New Turn". The New York Times. Retrieved August 7, 2021.
41. ^ Cummings, William; Garrison, Joey; Sergent, Jim (January 6, 2021). "By the numbers: President Donald Trump's failed efforts to overturn the election". USA Today. Retrieved August 7, 2021.
42. ^ Matthews, Dylan (January 14, 2020). "The F Word: The debate over whether to call Donald Trump a fascist, and why it matters". Vox. Retrieved August 7, 2021.
43. ^ Lemire, Jonathan; Kunzelman, Michael; Jalonick, Mary Clare (October 1, 2020). "Trump Proud Boys remark echoes Charlottesville". Associated Press. Washington, D.C. Retrieved December 13, 2020.
44. ^ Solomon, Molly (November 20, 2018). "FBI Categorizes Proud Boys As Extremist Group With Ties To White Nationalism". NPR. Retrieved December 13, 2020.
45. ^ Templeton, Amelia; Wilson, Conrad (December 5, 2018). "Portland FBI Head Clarifies Statement On Proud Boys". Oregon Public Broadcasting. Portland, Ore. Retrieved December 13, 2020.

* Chomsky, Noam (2003). Hegemony or survival : America's quest for global dominance. Henry Holt and Company, LLC. ISBN 0-8050-7400-7.

## Further reading

[edit]

* Betcherman, Lita-Rose. The swastika and the maple leaf: Fascist movements in Canada in the thirties (Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1978).
* Cassels, Alan. "Fascism for export: Italy and the United States in the twenties." American Historical Review 69.3 (1964): 707–712 online.
* Horne, Gerald. The color of fascism: Lawrence Dennis, Racial passing, and the rise of right-wing extremism in the United States (NYU Press, 2009).
* Pinto, António Costa. Latin American Dictatorships in the Era of Fascism: The Corporatist Wave (Routledge, 2019).
* Santos, Theotonio Dos. "Socialism and fascism in Latin America today." Insurgent Sociologist 7.4 (1977): 15–24.

* v
* t
* e

Fascism

Themes

| Core tenets|

* Actual idealism
* Aestheticization of politics
* Anti-communism
* Anti-intellectualism
* Anti-materialism
* Anti-pacifism
* Authoritarianism
* Chauvinism
* Class collaboration
* Conspiracism
* Corporatism
* Cult of personality
* Dictatorship
* Direct action
* Dirigisme
* Economic interventionism
* Eugenics
* Heroic capitalism
* Heroic realism
* Heroism
* Imperialism
* Indoctrination
* Irrationalism
* Machismo
* Masculinity
* Militarism
* National syndicalism
* Nationalism
* Integral
* Palingenetic
* Ultra
* New Man
* One-party state
* Perpetual war
* Populism
* Proletarian nation
* Propaganda
* Racism
* Reactionary modernism
* Social Darwinism
* Social interventionism
* Social order
* State capitalism
* Statolatry
* Supercapitalism
* Syncretism
* Third Position
* Totalitarianism

|

Topics|

* Definitions
* Economics
* Fascism and ideology
* Fascism worldwide
* Symbolism

Variants

* Arab
* Argentine
* Nacionalismo
* Orthodox Peronism
* Austrian
* Banderism
* Brazilian
* British
* Christian
* Christian Identity
* Mexican synarchism
* Clerical
* Crypto
* Eco
* English
* Falangism
* French
* Doriotism
* Pétainism
* Neo-Pétainism
* Jeune Nation
* L'Œuvre Française
* Valoisism
* Hindutva
* Hungarism
* Hutu
* Irish
* Islamic
* Ziaism
* Italian
* Intransigent
* Japanese
* Emperor-system
* Statism
* Restoration
* Ultra
* Jewish/Israeli
* Kahanism
* Revisionist Maximalism
* Korean
* Ilminism
* Nyulaiteu
* Latvian
* Mystical
* Nazism
* Austrian
* Esoteric
* Hitlerism
* Neo-Nazism
* Russian
* Strasserism
* Swedish
* Neo
* Finnish
* NRx
* Pan-Turkic
* Rexism
* Polish
* Romanian
* Legionarism
* Neo-Legionarism
* Romanianism/Stelism
* Russian
* Neo-Eurasianism
* Syndicalist
* Syrian Social Nationalism
* Techno
* Third Positionism
* National-anarchism
* National Bolshevism
* Nazi-Maoism
* Uruguayan
* Marzism
* Revisionism
* Sosism
* Ustašism

Movements

| Africa|

* Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging
* Coalition for the Defence of the Republic
* Greyshirts
* Muslim Association of the Lictor
* National Revolutionary Movement for Development
* Ossewabrandwag
* Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines
* Republican Democratic Movement
* Young Egypt Party (1933)

|

Asia|

* Abhinav Bharat
* Al-Muthanna Club
* Aria Party
* Azerbaijan National Democrat Party
* Azure Party
* Black Dragon Society
* Brit HaBirionim
* Concordia Association
* Grey Wolves
* Golden Square
* Hindu Mahasabha
* Iran-e-No Party
* Jewish National Front
* Kach
* Kataeb Party
* Kenkokukai
* Kokumin Dōmei
* Korea Nationalist Party
* Korean National Youth Association
* Lehi
* Liberal Party (South Korea)
* Nasyonal Aktivite ve Zinde İnkişaf
* National Socialism Association
* National Socialist Japanese Workers' Party
* Nationalist Movement Party
* Nationalist Task Party
* National Will Party
* Nation Party of Iran
* Otzma Yehudit
* Pan-Iranist Party
* Palestine Arab Party
* Patrol 36
* Progress Party (Iran)
* Philippine Falange
* Rastakhiz Party
* Rastriya Prajatantra Party
* Reform bureaucrats
* Religious Zionist Party
* Sakurakai
* Sangh Parivar
* Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad
* Bharatiya Gau Raksha Dal
* Bharatiya Janata Party
* Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha
* Bharatiya Jana Sangh
* Bharatiya Kisan Sangh
* Bharatiya Mazdoor Sangh
* Bharat Vikas Parishad
* Ekal Vidyalaya
* Hindu Makkal Katchi
* Hindu Munnani
* Hindu Swayamsevak Sangh
* Jammu Praja Parishad
* Muslim Rashtriya Manch
* Ram Janmabhoomi Nyas
* Rashtra Sevika Samiti
* Rashtriya Sikh Sangat
* Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
* Akhil Bharatiya Itihas Sankalan Yojana
* Seva Bharati
* Vidya Bharati
* Vanavasi Kalyan Ashram
* Vishva Hindu Parishad
* Bajrang Dal
* Durga Vahini
* SUMKA
* Syrian Social Nationalist Party
* Tōhōkai
* Tsagaan Khas
* Turkish Union Party
* Wang Jingwei Kuomintang

Northern / Northwestern Europe|

* Academic Karelia Society
* Ailtirí na hAiséirghe
* Autonome Nationalisten
* Bases Autónomas
* Black Front (Netherlands)
* Blood & Honour
* Blueshirts
* Breton Social-National Workers' Movement
* British Democratic Party
* British Fascists
* Britain First
* British League of Ex-Servicemen and Women
* British Movement
* British National Party (1960)
* British National Party
* British People's Party (1939)
* British People's Party (2005)
* British Union of Fascists
* The Britons
* La Cagoule
* Casuals United
* Centre Party '86
* Clerical People's Party
* Dutch Defence League
* Dutch Fascist Union
* English Defence League
* European Defence League
* English National Association
* European Liberation Front
* Le Faisceau
* Fédération d'action nationale et européenne
* Finnish National Socialist Labor Organisation
* Finnish People's Organisation
* Finnish-Socialist Workers' Party
* Flemish National Union
* French National-Collectivist Party
* French Nationalist Party
* French Popular Party
* General Dutch Fascist League
* Greater Britain Movement
* Groupe Collaboration
* Heathen Front
* Imperial Fascist League
* International Third Position
* Jeune Nation
* Lalli Alliance of Finland
* Lapua Movement
* League of Saint George
* Les Identitaires
* Mouvement d'Action Civique
* Mouvement Franciste
* Nasjonal Samling
* National Action (UK)
* National Alliance (Sweden)
* National Corporate Party
* National Fascisti
* National Front (UK)
* National League of Sweden
* Nationalist Party
* National Popular Rally
* National Rally
* National Socialist Bloc
* National Socialist Dutch Workers Party
* National Socialist Front
* National Socialist League
* National Socialist Movement (UK, 1962)
* National Socialist Movement (United Kingdom)
* National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands
* National Socialist Movement of Norway
* National Socialist Union of Finland
* National Socialist Workers' Party (Sweden)
* National Socialist Workers' Party of Denmark
* National Socialists of Finland
* National Syndicalists
* National Union (Netherlands)
* National Union (Portugal)
* New Party
* Nipsters
* Nordic League
* The Nordic Realm Party
* Nordic Resistance Movement
* Northern League
* Norwegian Defence League
* Nouvelle Droite
* GRECE
* L'Œuvre Française
* Official National Front
* Order of Flemish Militants
* Order of Nine Angles
* Organisation of National Socialists
* Parti Communautaire National-Européen
* Party of Finnish Labor
* Party of the Swedes
* Patriotic Alternative
* Patriotic People's Movement
* Patriotic People's Movement (1993)
* Pērkonkrusts
* Phalange Française
* Ragnarock
* Rebelles Européens
* Rexist Party
* Rising Finland
* Scottish Democratic Fascist Party
* Scottish Protestant League
* Skrewdriver
* Skullhead
* Stormers
* Terre et Peuple
* Third Way (France)
* Third Way (UK)
* Union Movement
* Verdinaso
* Vigrid
* White Aryan Resistance
* World Union of National Socialists

Central Europe|

* Action Front of National Socialists/National Activists
* Arrow Cross Party
* Artgemeinschaft
* Austrian Nazism
* Black Front (Germany)
* Bund Deutscher Osten
* Christian National Socialist Front
* Deutsche Reichspartei
* Eidgenössische Sammlung
* Falanga
* Free German Workers' Party
* German Faith Movement
* German National Movement in Liechtenstein
* German National Socialist Workers' Party (Czechoslovakia)
* German Party (Slovakia)
* German Social Union
* Honor
* Hungarian National Front
* Hungarian National Socialist Agricultural Labourers' and Workers' Party
* Hungarian National Socialist Party
* Combat League of German Socialists
* Kotlebists – People's Party Our Slovakia
* Landser
* Liechtenstein Homeland Service
* National Democratic Party (Austria)
* National Democratic Party of Germany
* National Fascist Community
* National Front (Hungary)
* National Front (Switzerland)
* National Movement of Switzerland
* National Radical Camp
* National Radical Camp (1993)
* National Revival of Poland
* National Union (Switzerland)
* Nationalist Front (Germany)
* Nazi Party
* Greater German People's Community
* Nazi Germany
* National Socialist Freedom Movement
* National Socialist Working Association
* New Order
* Nipsters
* No Colours Records
* PC Records
* Positive Christianity
* German Christians
* Republic Movement
* The Right (Germany)
* Rock-O-Rama Records
* Shield and Sword
* Slovak People's Party
* Socialist Reich Party
* Stahlgewitter
* Sudeten German Party
* The Third Path
* United Hungarian National Socialist Party
* Vlajka
* Volksdeutsche Bewegung
* Volkssozialistische Bewegung Deutschlands/Partei der Arbeit
* Wiking-Jugend

Southern Europe|

* ADÑ–Spanish Identity
* Albanian Fascist Party
* Balli Kombëtar
* Brothers of Italy
* CEDADE
* Democratic Fascist Party
* European Nation State
* Fasci d'Azione Rivoluzionaria
* Fasci Italiani di Combattimento
* Fascio d'Azione Rivoluzionaria
* Falange
* Sección Femenina
* La Falange (1999)
* Falange Auténtica
* Falange Española
* Falange Española Auténtica
* Falange Española de las JONS
* Falange Española de las JONS (1976)
* Falange Española Independiente
* Falangist Movement of Spain
* Freethinkers' Party
* Imperium Europa
* Italian fascism
* National Fascist Party (Italy)
* Italian Social Republic
* Republican Fascist Party
* Italian Social Movement
* Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista
* Juntas Españolas
* National Alliance (Spain)
* National Alliance July 18
* National Democracy (Italy)
* National Democracy (Spain)
* National Front (Spain, 1986)
* National Front (Spain, 2006)
* National Union (Italy, 1923)
* National Union (Spain)
* New Force (Italy)
* New Force (Spain)
* Republican Social Movement
* The Right (Italy)
* Sammarinese Fascist Party
* Spanish Military Union
* Struggle of the People
* Student Action
* Terza Posizione
* Tricolour Flame
* Unidad Falangista Montañesa
* Youth Front

Eastern and Southeastern Europe|

* Autochthonous Croatian Party of Rights
* Bosnian Movement of National Pride
* Bulgarian National Socialist Workers Party
* Croatian Liberation Movement
* Croatian National Resistance
* Croatian Party of Rights
* Crusade of Romanianism
* Ethnic National Union
* Eurasia Movement
* Eurasia Party
* Format18
* For the Native Language!
* Front of National Revolutionary Action
* German Party
* German People's Party
* Golden Dawn
* Greek National Socialist Party
* Hosank
* Iron Guard
* Kolovrat
* LEPEN
* Liberal Democratic Party of Russia
* Lithuanian Nationalist Union
* National Agrarian Party
* National Bolshevik Front
* National Bolshevik Party
* National-Christian Defense League
* National Christian Party
* National Fascist Movement
* National Italo-Romanian Cultural and Economic Movement
* National Party – Greeks
* National Socialist Patriotic Organisation
* National Socialist Society
* National Social Movement
* National Romanian Fascio
* National Renaissance Front
* National Salvation Front
* Nokturnal Mortum
* National Socialism / White Power
* Obraz
* Occupy Pedophilia
* Order of Nine Angles
* Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists
* The Other Russia of E. V. Limonov
* Pamyat
* Patriotic Alliance
* People's Party
* Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine
* Ratniks (Bulgaria)
* Romanian Front
* Russian Imperial Movement
* Russian Fascist Party
* Russian National Unity
* Russian Women's Fascist Movement
* Serbian Action
* Serbian Radical Party
* Steel Shield
* Svoboda
* Union of Bulgarian National Legions
* Ustaše
* Ustaše in Australia
* Croatian Revolutionary Brotherhood
* Yugoslav Radical Union
* ZBOR

North America|

* Fascism in Canada
* Aryan Guard
* Aryan Nations
* Canadian Association for Free Expression
* Canadian Union of Fascists
* Citizens for Foreign Aid Reform
* Heritage Front
* Parti national social chrétien
* Fascism in the United States
* American Front
* American Nazi Party
* Betar US
* Creativity
* Fascist League of North America
* German American Bund
* Goyim Defense League
* Hammerskins
* Identity Evropa
* League of the South
* National Alliance (United States)
* National Renaissance Party
* Nationalist Social Club-131
* National Socialist Legion
* National Socialist Liberation Front
* National Socialist Movement
* National States' Rights Party
* National Vanguard
* Nationalist Front (United States)
* Patriot Front
* Proud Boys
* Rise Above Movement
* Silver Legion of America
* Christian Party (United States, 1930s)
* Traditionalist Worker Party
* Vanguard America
* Volksfront
* White Aryan Resistance
* Wotansvolk
* Revolutionary Mexicanist Action
* Mexican Democratic Party
* Mexican Fascist Party
* National Pro Patria Party
* National Synarchist Union
* Nationalist Front of Mexico
* Order of Nine Angles

Oceania|

* Action Zealandia
* Antipodean Resistance
* Australia First Movement
* Australia First Party
* Australian Defence League
* Australian National Socialist Party
* Centre Party
* Lads Society
* National Action (Australia)
* National Socialist Network
* National Socialist Party of Australia
* Progressive Nationalist Party
* Reclaim Australia
* True Blue Crew
* United Patriots Front

South America|

* Agrarian Labor Party
* Argentine Anticommunist Alliance
* Argentine Fascist Party
* Argentine Nationalist Action
* Argentine Patriotic League
* Bolivian Socialist Falange
* Brazilian Integralism
* Brazilian Integralist Action
* Brazilian Integralist Front
* Falangism in Latin America
* Female Peronist Party
* Iron Guard (Argentina)
* Nacionalismo
* National Fascist Party (Argentina)
* National Fascist Union
* Nationalist Liberation Alliance
* National Liberation Movement
* National Socialist Movement of Chile
* National Universitary Concentration
* New Triumph Party
* Patriot Front (Argentina)
* Popular Dignity
* Popular Freedom Alliance
* Popular Representation Party
* Popular Socialist Vanguard
* Republican League
* La Resistencia Dios, Patria y Familia
* Revolutionary Union
* Tacuara Nationalist Movement

People

| Australia|

* Campbell (Eric)
* Campbell (Graeme)
* Cottrell
* Groot
* Mills
* Saleam

|

Austria|

* Dollfuss
* Miklas
* Pfrimer
* Planetta
* Schuschnigg
* Seyss-Inquart
* Starhemberg

Belgium|

* Daye
* Declercq
* Degrelle
* Denis
* Elias
* Eriksson
* Hermans
* Lagrou
* Poulet
* Severen
* Streel
* van de Wiele

Croatia|

* Boban
* Francetić
* Kraljević
* Kvaternik
* Luburić
* Pavelić
* Pavičić
* Rover
* Servatzy

Finland|

* Helanen
* Isotalo
* Kalsta
* Konkka
* Kosola
* Orko
* Simojoki
* Somersalo
* Törni
* Varjonen

France|

* Augier
* Bardèche
* Benoist-Méchin
* Béraud
* Brasillach
* Bucard
* Châteaubriant
* Déat
* Déroulède
* Dior
* Doriot
* La Rochelle
* Lagardelle
* Laval
* Pétain
* Rebatet
* Valois
* Vial

Germany|

* Abetz
* Andrae
* Baeumler
* Berchtold
* Berger
* Best
* Brunner
* Bühler
* Darré
* Falkenhausen
* Hocke
* Feder
* Forster
* Frank
* Franz V
* Gesche
* Goebbels
* Göring
* Graf
* Greiser
* Günther
* Hanke
* Heiden
* Hess
* Heydrich
* Himmler
* Hitler
* Klintzsch
* Kuhn
* Ludendorff
* Maurice
* Müller
* Niekisch
* Ploetz
* Rahn
* Reitsch
* Renthe-Fink
* Ribbentrop
* Rieger
* Rosenberg
* Schmitt
* Schreck
* Skorzeny
* Strasser (Gregor)
* Strasser (Otto)
* Streicher
* Terboven
* Thadden
* Krosigk
* Zündel

Greece|

* Dragoumis
* Kasidiaris
* Koryzis
* Lagos
* Michaloliakos
* Papadopoulos

India|

* Adityanath
* Advani
* Bose
* Godse
* Golwalkar
* Hedgewar
* Modi
* Mukherjee
* Savarkar
* Thakur
* Vajpayee

Iran|

* Forouhar
* Kashani
* Monshizadeh
* Pezeshkpour
* Teymourtash

Israel|

* Ahimeir
* Ben-Ari
* Ben-Gvir
* Eldad
* Eliyahu
* Goldstein
* Gopstein
* Greenberg
* Ha'ivri
* Heruti
* Kahane
* Marzel
* Natan-Zada
* Stern
* Yeivin

Italy|

* Acerbo
* Alfieri
* Ambris
* D'Annunzio
* Azara
* Badoglio
* Balbo
* Torrente Ballester
* Bastianini
* Bianchi
* Boni
* Bono
* Boselli
* Bottai
* Ciano (Costanzo)
* Ciano (Galeazzo)
* Cogni
* Corradini
* Freda
* Gentile
* Giuriati
* Gozi
* Grandi
* Graziani
* Guidi
* Malaparte
* Marinetti
* Michels
* Morgagni
* Mussolini
* Olivetti
* Panunzio
* Papini
* Pavolini
* Rauti
* Ricci
* Ridruejo
* Rocco
* Rossoni
* Sarfatti
* Soffici
* Spirito
* Volpi

Japan|

* Akao
* Araki
* Chō
* Hashimoto
* Honjō
* Kita
* Kodama
* Matsuoka
* Nonaka
* Ōkawa
* Sasakawa

Romania|

* Antonescu
* Bacaloglu
* Codreanu
* Crainic
* Cuza
* Gigurtu
* Goga
* Manoilescu
* Moța
* Ogoranu
* Sima

Russia|

* Astroŭski
* Borovikov
* Ilyin
* Kaminski
* Martsinkevich
* Milchakov
* Oktan
* Prilepin
* Prokhanov
* Rodzaevsky

Spain|

* Arrese
* Bau Nolla
* Bilbao Eguía
* Carrero Blanco
* Fernández-Cuesta
* Franco
* Franco y Polo
* Giménez Caballero
* Primo de Rivera
* Ramos
* Sánchez Mazas
* Serrano Suñer

Ukraine|

* Bandera
* Biletsky
* Dontsov
* Gubarev
* Klyachkivsky
* Lebed
* Rebet
* Samchuk
* Shukhevych
* Stetsko
* Tyahnybok
* Vitrenko

United Kingdom|

* Beckett
* Chamberlain
* Chesterton
* Lake
* Leese
* Mosley (Diana)
* Mosley (Oswald)
* Pankhurst
* Pearson
* Ramsay
* Robinson
* Southgate
* Tyndall
* Wellesley

United States|

* Auernheimer
* Collins
* Fuentes
* Joyce
* Pelley
* Pound
* Yockey

Other|

* Burdi
* Celmiņš
* Martínez
* Quisling
* Ramírez
* Riva-Agüero y Osma
* Šešelj
* Szálasi

Works

| Literature|

* 1776 Returns
* La Conquista del Estado
* The Culture of Critique
* Defiance
* Did Six Million Really Die?
* The Doctrine of Fascism
* Essentials of Hindutva
* Fascist Manifesto
* For My Legionaries
* The Foundations of Geopolitics: The Geopolitical Future of Russia
* The Fourth Political Theory
* Hitlers Zweites Buch
* Hutu Ten Commandments
* Imperium: The Philosophy of History and Politics
* An Investigation of Global Policy with the Yamato Race as Nucleus
* Kokutairon and Pure Socialism
* The Last Will of a Russian Fascist
* Manifesto of Race
* Manifesto of the Fascist Intellectuals
* Mein Kampf
* My Autobiography
* My Life
* The Myth of the Twentieth Century
* OPROP!
* Our Race Will Rule Undisputed Over The World
* Protestantische Rompilger
* A Racial Program for the Twentieth Century
* Uncomfortable Questions for Comfortable Jews
* A Warning to the Hindus
* Who Are the Mind Benders?

|

Periodicals|

* Action
* Ajan Suunta
* L'Alba
* El Alcázar
* The American Review
* Der Angriff
* Arriba
* The Blackshirt
* La Conquista del Estado
* The Daily Stormer
* Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung
* Das Deutsche Mädel
* La Difesa della Razza
* Eleftheros Kosmos
* The European
* Fashist
* Fashizmi
* La France au travail
* Fritt Folk
* Fronten
* Gândirea
* Gioventù Fascista
* Golden Dawn
* Hamaas
* Hrvatski Domobran
* Je suis partout
* Kangura
* Kansallissosialisti
* Limonka
* Masada2000
* Münchener Beobachter
* Nash Put'
* Nástup
* Nation Europa
* Neue Anthropologie
* Neues Volk
* Het Nieuwe Volk
* Norsk-Tysk Tidsskrift
* Novopress
* Norsk-Tysk Tidsskrift
* Organiser
* Panchjanya
* Panzerbär
* Parole der Woche
* Le Pays Réel
* Der Pimpf
* Il Popolo d'Italia
* Das Reich
* Revue d'histoire du fascisme
* Das Schwarze Korps
* Sfarmă-Piatră
* Signal
* Siniristi
* Spearhead
* Der Stürmer
* Türkische Post
* Der Umbruch
* Vairas
* Vlajka
* Volk en Staat
* Völkischer Beobachter
* Die Wehrmacht
* Wochenspruch der NSDAP

Film|

* L'Armata Azzurra
* Bengasi
* Condottieri
* The Daughter of the Samurai
* Erbkrank
* Europa: The Last Battle
* The Great Appeal
* The Old Guard
* Raza
* Scipio Africanus: The Defeat of Hannibal
* Der Sieg des Glaubens
* The Siege of the Alcazar
* Lo squadrone bianco
* Tag der Freiheit: Unsere Wehrmacht
* Triumph of the Will

Music|

* Fashwave
* Hindutva pop
* National Socialist black metal
* Nazi punk
* Rock Against Communism
* White power music

Other|

* Allach
* StoneToss

Related topics|

* Art of the Third Reich
* Fascist architecture
* Heroic realism
* Nazi architecture
* Nazism and cinema

Organizations

| Institutional|

* Ahnenerbe
* Chamber of Fasces and Corporations
* Grand Council of Fascism
* Imperial Way Faction
* Italian Nationalist Association
* National Socialist League of the Reich for Physical Exercise
* Quadrumvirs

|

Activist|

* Adelaide Institute
* Agrarian Trade Union Federation
* The Britons
* Casuals United
* DeVlag
* European Social Movement
* Finnish Realm Union
* Francisco Franco National Foundation
* Friends of New Germany
* German American Bund
* GRECE
* The Link
* Mladorossi
* National Party of Europe
* National Policy Institute
* National Popular Consciousness
* Panzerfaust Records
* Popular Force Party
* Right Club
* Russian Fascist Organization

Youth|

* Adler und Falke
* Albanian Lictor Youth
* Arab Lictor Youth
* Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha
* Blue-and-Blacks
* Ethiopian Lictor Youth
* Fascist Union of Youth
* Frente de Juventudes
* Al-Futuwwa
* Gioventù Italiana del Littorio
* Great Japan Youth Party
* Hitler Youth
* Faith and Beauty Society
* Deutsches Jungvolk
* Jungmädelbund
* League of German Girls
* Jeunesse Populaire Française
* Juventudes de Acción Popular
* Korean National Youth Association
* Levente
* Mocidade Portuguesa
* Nationale Jeugdstorm
* National League of Sweden
* National Socialist Liberation Front
* National Youth (Sweden)
* National Youth (Italy)
* National Youth Alliance
* National Youth Organisation (Greece)
* Opera Nazionale Balilla
* Österreichisches Jungvolk
* Patriotic/Eureka Youth League
* Union of Fascist Little Ones
* Union of Young Fascists – Vanguard (boys)
* Union of Young Fascists – Vanguard (girls)
* Ustaše Youth
* Wiking-Jugend
* Youth Front

Paramilitary and terrorist|

* Abhinav Bharat
* Albanian Fascist Militia
* Atomwaffen Division
* Azov Brigade
* Bajrang Dal
* Black Brigades
* Black Legion
* Blackshirts
* Blueshirts (Canada)
* Blueshirts (Ireland)
* Column 88
* Combat Terrorist Organization
* Confederation of the Nation
* Corpul Muncitoresc Legionar
* Croatian Defence Forces
* Croatian National Resistance
* Croatian Revolutionary Brotherhood
* Bugojno group
* Einsatzgruppen
* Fasci di Azione Rivoluzionaria
* Falange Armata
* Falange Militia
* Flemish Guard
* Flemish Legion
* Frontbann
* Goldshirts
* Greenshirts
* Hilfspolizei
* Hitler Youth
* Greyshirts
* Heimwehr
* Hirden
* Hlinka Guard
* Hungarian National Defence Association
* Impuzamugambi
* Interbrigades
* Interahamwe
* Iron Wolf
* Jewish Defense League
* Jewish Defense Organization
* Kataeb Regulatory Forces
* Lăncieri
* Legion Wasa
* Lehava
* Lehi
* Levente
* Makapili
* Mano Blanca
* Misanthropic Division
* National Republican Guard
* New Guard
* Ostmärkische Sturmscharen
* Rodobrana
* Russian Imperial Movement
* Russian National Unity (2000)
* S14
* Schutzstaffel
* Serbian Volunteer Corps
* Sicarii
* Sich Battalion
* Silver Shirts
* Sturmabteilung
* Sudetendeutsches Freikorps
* Terror Against Terror
* Third Klan
* Ukrainian Insurgent Army
* Ukrainian People's Militsiya
* Ustaše Militia
* Volkssport
* Walloon Guard
* Walloon Legion
* Waffen-SS
* Wagner Group
* Rusich Group
* Weerbaarheidsafdeling
* Werwolf
* Westland New Post
* Yokusan Sonendan
* Youth Front

Student|

* Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad
* Avanguardia Giovanile Fascista
* Frente de Estudiantes Sindicalistas
* German Student Union
* National Socialist German Students' League
* Sindicato Español Universitario
* Student Action

International|

* Axis powers
* NSDAP/AO
* ODESSA

History

| 1900s|

* Herero and Nama genocide and the Holocaust

|

1910s|

* Arditi
* Fascio
* Fasci d'Azione Rivoluzionaria
* Armenian genocide and the Holocaust

1920s|

* March on Rome
* Corfu incident
* Acerbo Law
* Beer Hall Putsch
* Aventine Secession
* Italian economic battles
* Le Faisceau
* 28 May 1926 coup d'état
* Libyan genocide

1930s|

* March of the Iron Will
* November 1932 German federal election
* March 1933 German federal election
* Enabling Act
* Austrian Civil War
* July Putsch
* 1934 Montreux Fascist conference
* Romani Holocaust
* 4th of August Regime
* Anti-Comintern Pact
* Spanish Civil War

1940s|

* World War II
* Nazi crimes against the Polish nation
* The Holocaust
* Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia
* End in Italy
* Nuremberg Trials
* Tokyo Trials

Lists

* Anti-fascists
* Books about Hitler
* British fascist parties
* Fascist movements by country (A-F
* G-M
* N-T
* U-Z)
* Nazi ideologues
* Nazi leaders
* Secretaries of Italian fascist parties
* Speeches by Hitler
* SS personnel

Related topics

* Authoritarian conservatism
* Chiangism
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* Alt-right
* Alt-lite
* Alt-right pipeline
* Alt-tech
* Identitarian movement
* Anti-fascism
* Bahutu Manifesto
* Berlusconism
* Conservative Revolution
* Criticism of fascism
* Europe a Nation
* Fascist (epithet)
* Fascist mysticism
* Feudal fascism
* F-scale (personality test)
* Garveyism
* Germanisation
* of Poles during the Partitions
* Italianization
* of South Tyrol
* Japanization
* Morenazi
* Neosocialism
* Para-/semi-fascism
* Post-fascism
* Proto-fascism
* Red fascism
* Red–green–brown alliance
* Roman salute
* Saffronisation
* Sansepolcrismo
* Scientific racism
* Aryanism
* Nordicism
* Social fascism
* Sorelianism
* Synarchism
* Szeged Idea
* Trumpism
* Donald Trump and fascism
* Völkisch movement
* Women in Nazi Germany

* Category

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List of fascist movements by country

* Argentina
* Australia
* Bolivia
* Brazil
* Bulgaria
* Canada
* Chile
* China
* Colombia
* Costa Rica
* Croatia
* Cuba
* Ecuador
* Finland
* France
* India
* Iran
* Israel
* Italy
* Japan
* Lebanon
* Malaysia
* Mexico
* Netherlands
* New Zealand
* North Korea
* Pakistan
* Peru
* Poland
* Romania
* Russia
* Slovenia
* South Korea
* Spain
* Switzerland
* Syria
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom
* United States
* Uruguay

* v
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Fascism in the Americas

Sovereign
states|

* Antigua and Barbuda
* Argentina
* Bahamas
* Barbados
* Belize
* Bolivia
* Brazil
* Canada
* Chile
* Colombia
* Costa Rica
* Cuba
* Dominica
* Dominican Republic
* Ecuador
* El Salvador
* Grenada
* Guatemala
* Guyana
* Haiti
* Honduras
* Jamaica
* Mexico
* Nicaragua
* Panama
* Paraguay
* Peru
* Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Saint Lucia
* Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
* Suriname
* Trinidad and Tobago
* United States
* Uruguay
* Venezuela

Dependencies
and territories|

* Anguilla
* Aruba
* Bermuda
* Bonaire
* British Virgin Islands
* Cayman Islands
* Curaçao
* Falkland Islands
* French Guiana
* Greenland
* Guadeloupe
* Martinique
* Montserrat
* Puerto Rico
* Saba
* Saint Barthélemy
* Saint Martin
* Saint Pierre and Miquelon
* Sint Eustatius
* Sint Maarten
* South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
* Turks and Caicos Islands
* U.S. Virgin Islands

* North America
* Central America
* Caribbean
*   *   *   * South America

* v
* t
* e

Category: Fascism by continent

* Africa
*   * Asia
*   * Europe
* North America
* Americas
* South America
* Oceania
*   *

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