Fauvism

Artistic style

"The Fauves" redirects here. For the Australian rock band, see The Fauves (band).

Henri Matisse. Woman with a Hat, 1905. San Francisco Museum of Modern Art

Fauvism (/foʊvɪzəm/ FOH-viz-əm) is a style of painting and an art movement that emerged in France at the beginning of the 20th century. It was the style of les Fauves (French pronunciation: [le fov], the wild beasts), a group of modern artists whose works emphasized painterly qualities and strong colour over the representational or realistic values retained by Impressionism. While Fauvism as a style began around 1904 and continued beyond 1910, the movement as such lasted only a few years, 1905–1908, and had three exhibitions.[1][2] The leaders of the movement were André Derain and Henri Matisse.

## Artists and style

[edit]

Besides Matisse and Derain, other artists included Robert Deborne, Albert Marquet, Charles Camoin, Bela Czobel, Louis Valtat, Jean Puy, Maurice de Vlaminck, Henri Manguin, Raoul Dufy, Othon Friesz, Adolphe Wansart, Georges Rouault, Jean Metzinger, Kees van Dongen, Émilie Charmy and Georges Braque (subsequently Picasso's partner in Cubism).[1]

The paintings of the Fauves were characterized by seemingly wild brush work and strident colors, while their subject matter had a high degree of simplification and abstraction.[3] Fauvism can be classified as an extreme development of Van Gogh's Post-Impressionism fused with the pointillism of Seurat[3] and other Neo-Impressionist painters, in particular Paul Signac. Other key influences were Paul Cézanne[4] and Paul Gauguin, whose employment of areas of saturated color—notably in paintings from Tahiti—strongly influenced Derain's work at Collioure in 1905.[5] In 1888, Gauguin had said to Paul Sérusier:[6] "How do you see these trees? They are yellow. So, put in yellow; this shadow, rather blue, paint it with pure ultramarine; these red leaves? Put in vermilion." Fauvism has been compared to Expressionism, both in its use of pure color and unconstrained brushwork.[3] Some of the Fauves were among the first avant-garde artists to collect and study African and Oceanic art, alongside other forms of non-Western and folk art, leading several Fauves toward the development of Cubism.[7]

## Origins

[edit]

André Derain, 1906, Charing Cross Bridge, London, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.

Gustave Moreau was the movement's inspirational teacher;[8] a controversial professor at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris and a Symbolist painter, he taught Matisse, Marquet, Manguin, Rouault, and Camoin during the 1890s, and was viewed by critics as the group's philosophical leader until Matisse was recognized as such in 1904.[8] Moreau's broad-mindedness, originality and affirmation of the expressive potency of pure color was inspirational for his students.[9] Matisse said of him, "He did not set us on the right roads, but off the roads. He disturbed our complacency."[9] This source of empathy was taken away with Moreau's death in 1898, but the artists discovered other catalysts for their development.[9]

In 1896, Matisse, then an unknown art student, visited the artist John Russell on the island of Belle Île off the coast of Brittany.[10] Russell was an Impressionist painter; Matisse had never previously seen an Impressionist work directly, and was so shocked at the style that he left after ten days, saying, "I couldn't stand it any more."[10] The next year he returned as Russell's student and abandoned his earth-colored palette for bright Impressionist colors, later stating, "Russell was my teacher, and Russell explained color theory to me."[10] Russell had been a close friend of Vincent van Gogh and gave Matisse a Van Gogh drawing.[10]

Henri Matisse, Luxe, Calme et Volupté, 1904, oil on canvas, 98 × 118.5 cm, Musée d'Orsay, Paris, France[11]

In 1901, Maurice de Vlaminck encountered the work of Van Gogh for the first time at an exhibition, declaring soon after that he loved Van Gogh more than his own father; he started to work by squeezing paint directly onto the canvas from the tube.[9] In parallel with the artists' discovery of contemporary avant-garde art came an appreciation of pre-Renaissance French art, which was shown in a 1904 exhibition, French Primitives.[9] Another aesthetic influence was African sculpture, of which Vlaminck, Derain and Matisse were early collectors.[9]

Many of the Fauve characteristics first cohered in Matisse's painting, Luxe, Calme et Volupté ("Luxury, Calm and Pleasure"), which he painted in the summer of 1904, while he was in Saint-Tropez with Paul Signac and Henri-Edmond Cross.[9]

## Salon d’Automne 1905

[edit]

Main article: Salon d'Automne

Henri Rousseau, The Hungry Lion Throws Itself on the Antelope, 1905, oil on canvas, 200 cm × 301 cm, Beyeler Foundation, Basel

After viewing the boldly colored canvases of Henri Matisse, André Derain, Albert Marquet, Maurice de Vlaminck, Kees van Dongen, Charles Camoin, Robert Deborne and Jean Puy at the Salon d'Automne of 1905,[12] the critic Louis Vauxcelles disparaged the painters as "fauves" (wild beasts), thus giving their movement the name by which it became known, Fauvism. The artists shared their first exhibition at the 1905 Salon d’Automne. The group gained their name after Vauxcelles described their show of work with the phrase "Donatello chez les fauves" ("Donatello among the wild beasts"), contrasting their "orgy of pure tones" with a Renaissance-style sculpture by Albert Marque that shared the room with them.[13][14]

Henri Rousseau was not a Fauve, but his large jungle scene The Hungry Lion Throws Itself on the Antelope was exhibited near Matisse's work and may have had an influence on the pejorative used.[15] Vauxcelles' comment was printed on 17 October 1905 in Gil Blas,[13] a daily newspaper, and passed into popular usage.[14][16] The pictures gained considerable condemnation—"A pot of paint has been flung in the face of the public", wrote the critic Camille Mauclair (1872–1945)—but also some favorable attention.[14] The painting that was singled out for attacks was Matisse's Woman with a Hat; this work's purchase by Gertrude and Leo Stein had a very positive effect on Matisse, who was suffering demoralization from the bad reception of his work.[14] Matisse's Neo-Impressionist landscape, Luxe, Calme et Volupté, had already been exhibited at the Salon des Indépendants in the spring of 1905.[17]

## Salon des Indépendants 1906

[edit]

Henri Matisse, Le bonheur de vivre, 1905–06, oil on canvas, 176.5 cm × 240.7 cm, Barnes Foundation, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Following the Salon d'Automne of 1905, which marked the beginning of Fauvism, the Salon des Indépendants of 1906 marked the first time all the Fauves would exhibit together. The centerpiece of the exhibition was Matisse's monumental Le Bonheur de Vivre (The Joy of Life).[18] Critics were horrified by its flatness, bright colors, eclectic style and mixed technique.[18] The triangular composition is closely related to Paul Cézanne's Bathers, a series that would soon become a source of inspiration for Picasso's Les Demoiselles d'Avignon.[19][20]

The elected members of the hanging committee included Matisse, Signac and Metzinger.[21][22]

## Salon d'Automne 1906

[edit]

Robert Delaunay, 1906, L'homme à la tulipe (Portrait de Jean Metzinger), oil on canvas, 72.4 x 48.5 cm. Exhibited at the 1906 Salon d'Autome (Paris) along with a portrait of Delaunay by Jean Metzinger

The third group exhibition of the Fauves occurred at the Salon d'Automne of 1906, held from 6 October to 15 November. Metzinger exhibited his Fauvist/Divisionist Portrait of M. Robert Delaunay (no. 1191) and Robert Delaunay exhibited his painting L'homme à la tulipe (Portrait of M. Jean Metzinger) (no. 420 of the catalogue).[23] Matisse exhibited his Liseuse, two still lifes (Tapis rouge and à la statuette), flowers and a landscape (no. 1171–1175).[18][23] Robert Antoine Pinchon showed his Prairies inondées (Saint-Étienne-du-Rouvray, près de Rouen) (no. 1367), now at the Musée de Louviers, [fr][23] painted in Fauvist style, with golden yellows, incandescent blues, thick impasto and larger brushstrokes.[24]

Paul Cézanne, who died during the show on 22 October, was represented by ten works. His works included Maison dans les arbres (no. 323), Portrait de Femme (no. 235) and Le Chemin tournant (no. 326). Van Dongen showed three works, Montmartre (492), Mademoiselle Léda (493) and Parisienne (494). André Derain exhibited 8 works, Westminster-Londres (438), Arbres dans un chemin creux (444) along with 5 works painted at l'Estaque.[23][18] Camoin entered 5 works, Dufy 7, Friesz 4, Manguin 6, Marquet 8, Puy 10, Valtat 10, and Vlaminck was represented by 7 works.[23][18]

## Gallery

[edit]

* Henri Matisse, Notre-Dame at the end of the Afternoon, 1902, Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo, New York

* André Derain, Self-portrait in the Studio, 1903, National Gallery of Australia, Canberra, Australia

* Robert Antoine Pinchon, 1904, Triel sur Seine, le pont du chemin de fer, 46 × 55 cm

* Henri Matisse, Les toits de Collioure, 1905, oil on canvas, The Hermitage, St. Petersburg, Russia

* Henri Matisse, Open Window, Collioure, 1905, National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC.

* André Derain, 1905, Le séchage des voiles (The Drying Sails), 1905, Pushkin Museum, Moscow

* Maurice de Vlaminck, 1905–06, Barges on the Seine (Bateaux sur la Seine), oil on canvas, 81 × 100 cm, Pushkin Museum, Moscow

* Georges Braque, 1906, L'Olivier près de l'Estaque (The Olive tree near l'Estaque). At least four versions of this scene were painted by Braque, one of which was stolen from the Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris during the month of May 2010.[25]

* André Derain, La jetée à L'Estaque, 1906, oil on canvas, 38 × 46 cm

* Henri Matisse, Portrait of Madame Matisse (The Green Stripe) 1906, Statens Museum for Kunst, Copenhagen, Denmark

* Maurice de Vlaminck, The River Seine at Chatou, 1906, Metropolitan Museum of Art

* Kees van Dongen, Woman with Large Hat, 1906

* Henri Matisse, 1906, Self-Portrait in a Striped T-shirt, Statens Museum for Kunst, Copenhagen, Denmark

* Henri Manguin, 1906, Baigneuse (Woman Bather), oil on canvas, Pushkin Museum, Moscow

* Henri Matisse, 1907, Blue Nude (Souvenir of Biskra), Baltimore Museum of Art

* Jean Metzinger, 1907, Paysage coloré aux oiseaux aquatiques, oil on canvas, 74 × 99 cm, Musée d’Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris

* Othon Friesz, 1907, Paysage à La Ciotat, oil on canvas, 59.9 × 72.9 cm

## See also

[edit]

* Art history
* History of painting
* Neo-Fauvism
* Visual arts
* Western painting
* Expressionism

## Notes and references

[edit]

1. ^ a b John Elderfield, The "Wild Beasts" Fauvism and Its Affinities, 1976, Museum of Modern Art, p.13, ISBN 0-87070-638-1
2. ^ Freeman, Judi, et al., The Fauve Landscape, 1990, Abbeville Press, p. 13, ISBN 1-55859-025-0.
3. ^ a b c Tate (2007). Glossary: Fauvism. Retrieved on 2007-12-19, Fauvism, Tate Archived 2020-07-31 at the Wayback Machine
4. ^ Freeman, 1990, p. 15.
5. ^ Teitel, Alexandra J. (2005). "History: How did the Fauves come to be?". "Fauvism: Expression, Perception, and the Use of Color", Brown University. Retrieved on 2009-06-28, Brown courses Archived 2010-11-16 at the Wayback Machine
6. ^ Collins, Bradley, Van Gogh and Gauguin: Electric Arguments and Utopian Dreams, 2003, Westview Press, p. 159, ISBN 0-8133-4157-4.
7. ^ Joshua I. Cohen, "Fauve Masks: Rethinking Modern 'Primitivist' Uses of African and Oceanic Art, 1905-8." The Art Bulletin 99, no. 2 (June 2017): 136-65.
8. ^ a b Freeman, p. 243
9. ^ a b c d e f g Dempsey, Amy (2002). Styles, Schools and Movements: An Encyclopedic Guide to Modern Art, pp. 66–69, London: Thames & Hudson Ltd.
10. ^ a b c d "Book talk: The Unknown Matisse..." Archived 2011-10-12 at the Wayback Machine, ABC Radio National, interview with Hilary Spurling, 8 June 2005. Retrieved 1 January 2008.
11. ^ "Matisse, Luxe, calme et volupté, 1904". musee-orsay.fr. Paris: Musée d'Orsay. Archived from the original on 2013-05-31. Retrieved 2013-03-14.
12. ^ "Salon d'Automne, 1905". Archives of American Art.
13. ^ a b Louis Vauxcelles, Le Salon d’Automne, Gil Blas, 17 October 1905. Screen 5 and 6. Gallica, Bibliothèque nationale de France Archived 21 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine, ISSN 1149-9397
14. ^ a b c d Chilver, Ian (Ed.). "Fauvism" Archived 2011-11-09 at the Wayback Machine, The Oxford Dictionary of Art, Oxford University Press, 2004. Retrieved from enotes.com, 26 December 2007.
15. ^ Smith, Roberta (2006). "Henri Rousseau: In imaginary jungles, a terrible beauty lurks" Archived 2022-06-12 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times, 14 July 2006. Accessed 29 December 2007
16. ^ Elderfield, p.43
17. ^ Salon d’automne; Société du Salon d’automne, Catalogue des ouvrages de peinture, sculpture, dessin, gravure, architecture et art décoratif. Exposés au Grand Palais des Champs-Élysées, 1905
18. ^ a b c d e Russell T. Clement, Les Fauves: A Sourcebook, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1994 Archived 2022-12-30 at the Wayback Machine ISBN 0-313-28333-8
19. ^ Les Demoiselles D'Avignon: Picasso's influences in the creation of a masterwork, archived from the original on 2008-02-21, retrieved 2008-03-10
20. ^ Turner, Jane (1996), Grove Dictionary of Art, Macmillan Publishers, p. 372, ISBN 1-884446-00-0
21. ^ Daniel Robbins, Jean Metzinger: At the Center of Cubism, 1985, Jean Metzinger in Retrospect, The University of Iowa Museum of Art, J. Paul Getty Trust, University of Washington Press, pp. 9-23
22. ^ "Société des artistes indépendants: catalogue de la 22ème exposition, 1906". Archived from the original on 2018-08-05. Retrieved 2018-08-05.
23. ^ a b c d e Salon d'automne; Société du Salon d'automne, Catalogue des ouvrages de peinture, sculpture, dessin, gravure, architecture et art décoratif. Exposés au Grand Palais des Champs-Élysées, 1906
24. ^ François Lespinasse, Robert Antoine Pinchon: 1886-1943, 1990, repr. Rouen: Association Les Amis de l'École de Rouen, 2007, ISBN 9782906130036 (in French)
25. ^ "Interpol issues global alert for stolen art" Archived 2020-09-09 at the Wayback Machine, CNN Wire Staff, May 21, 2010

## Further reading

[edit]

* Gerdts, William H. (1997). The Color of Modernism: The American Fauves. New York: Hollis Taggart Galleries. Archived from the original on 2017-05-27. Retrieved 2017-10-11.
* Spivey, Virginia, Fauvism, Smarthistory at Khan Academy
* Whitfield, Sarah (1991). Fauvism. London: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 0-500-20227-3.

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fauvisme.

Wikiquote has quotations related to Fauvism.

* Fauve Painting from the Permanent Collection at the National Gallery of Art
* Fauvism: The Wild Beasts of Early Twentieth Century Art
* Rewald, Sabine. Fauvism. In Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art (2004)
* Gelett Burgess, "The Wild Men of Paris: Matisse, Picasso and Les Fauves", Architectural Record, 1910

* v
* t
* e

Fauvism

Leaders|

* Henri Matisse
* André Derain

Others|

* Georges Braque
* Charles Camoin
* Kees van Dongen
* Raoul Dufy
* Othon Friesz
* Henri Manguin
* Albert Marquet
* Jean Metzinger
* Jean Puy
* Georges Rouault
* Louis Valtat
* Maurice de Vlaminck

Paintings|

* Luxe, Calme et Volupté
* Le bonheur de vivre
* The Open Window
* Landscape at Collioure
* Les toits de Collioure
* Blue Nude (Souvenir de Biskra)
* The Green Stripe
* Paysage coloré aux oiseaux aquatiques
* Woman with a Hat

Influences|

* Paul Cézanne
* Paul Gauguin
* Gustave Moreau (teacher)
* Georges Seurat
* Paul Signac
* Vincent van Gogh
* Neo-Impressionism
* Pointillism
* Salon d'Automne 1905 exhibit

Influenced|

* Die Brücke
* Neo-Fauvism

Related|

* Louis Vauxcelles (critic)

Links to related articles

* v
* t
* e

Post-Impressionism

19th-century
movements|

* Neo-Impressionism
* Divisionism
* Pointillism
* Cloisonnism
* Les Nabis
* Synthetism
* Symbolism
* Art Nouveau

Artists|

* Cuno Amiet
* Charles Angrand
* Émile Bernard
* Edvard Munch
* Pierre Bonnard
* Marius Borgeaud
* Paul Cézanne
* Henri-Edmond Cross
* Maurice Denis
* Georges Dufrénoy
* Paul Gauguin
* Hippolyte Petitjean
* Paul Ranson
* Odilon Redon
* Henri Rousseau
* René Schützenberger
* Paul Sérusier
* Georges Seurat
* Paul Signac
* Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
* Charles Laval
* Georges Lemmen
* Maximilien Luce
* Vincent van Gogh
* Théo van Rysselberghe
* Félix Vallotton
* Édouard Vuillard

20th-century
movements|

* Fauvism
* Die Brücke
* Der Blaue Reiter
* Expressionism
* Cubism

Artists|

* Georges Braque
* Charles Camoin
* André Derain
* Raoul Dufy
* Henri Matisse
* Albert Gleizes
* Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
* Karl Schmidt-Rottluff
* Wassily Kandinsky
* Sonia Lewitska
* Franz Marc
* Jean Metzinger
* Henry Ottmann
* Francis Picabia
* Pablo Picasso
* Robert Antoine Pinchon
* Henriette Tirman
* Jean Marchand
* Othon Friesz

Exhibitions|

* Artistes Indépendants
* Les XX
* Volpini Exhibition
* Le Barc de Boutteville
* La Libre Esthétique
* Ambroise Vollard
* Salon d'Automne
* Salon des Indépendants
* Salon des Cent
* Salon des Tuileries

Critics|

* Félix Fénéon
* Albert Aurier

Related|

* Impressionism
* Modernism
* Modern art
* Secessionism

* v
* t
* e

Avant-garde movements

Visual art|

* Abstract expressionism
* Art Nouveau
* Art & Language
* Conceptual art
* Constructivism
* Proto-Cubism
* Cubism
* Functionalism
* Bauhaus
* Grosvenor School
* Devětsil
* Divisionism
* Fauvism
* Impressionism
* Neo-Impressionism
* Post-Impressionism
* Color Field
* Incoherents
* Lyrical Abstraction
* Mail art
* Minimalism
* Mir iskusstva
* Multidimensional art
* Neoplasticism
* De Stijl
* Neue Slowenische Kunst
* Nonconformism
* Nouveau réalisme
* Orphism
* Performance art
* Pop art
* Process art
* Purism
* Rayonism
* Suprematism
* Temporary art
* Vorticism

Literature
and poetry|

* Acmeism
* Angry Penguins
* Asemic writing
* Conceptual poetry
* Cyberpunk
* Ego-Futurism
* Experimental literature
* Flarf poetry
* Hungry generation
* Imaginism
* Imagism
* Language poets
* Neoavanguardia
* Neoteric
* Nouveau roman
* Oberiu
* Oulipo
* Slam poetry
* Ultraísmo
* Visual poetry
* Zaum

Music|

| By style|

* Funk
* Jazz
* Free funk
* Yass
* Pop
* Rock
* Prog
* Punk
* Metal

|

Others|

* Aleatoric music
* Ars nova
* Ars subtilior
* Atonal music
* Electroacoustic music
* Electronic music
* Industrial music
* Experimental pop
* Free jazz
* Free improvisation
* Futurism
* Microtonal music
* Minimal music
* Drone music
* Music theatre
* Musique concrète
* New Complexity
* No wave
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* Post-rock
* Rock in Opposition
* Second Viennese School
* Serialism
* Spectral music
* Stochastic music
* Textural music
* Totalism
* Twelve-tone technique

Cinema
and theatre|

* Cinéma pur
* Dogme 95
* Drop Art
* Epic theatre
* Experimental film
* Experimental theatre
* Modernist film
* Poetic realism
* Postdramatic theatre
* Remodernist film
* Structural film
* Theatre of the Absurd
* Theatre of Cruelty

General|

* Constructivism
* Dada
* Expressionism
* Fluxus
* Futurism
* Russian Futurism
* Cubo-Futurism
* Lettrism
* Modernism
* Minimalism
* Postminimalism
* Neo-minimalism
* Neo-Dada
* Neoism
* Postmodernism
* Postmodernist film
* Late modernism
* Primitivism
* Situationist International
* Social realism
* Socialist realism
* Surrealism
* Symbolism
* Russian symbolism

* v
* t
* e

Modernism

Movements|

* Acmeism
* Art Deco
* Art Nouveau
* Ashcan School
* Constructivism
* Cubism
* Dada
* Expressionism
* Der Blaue Reiter
* Die Brücke
* Music
* Fauvism
* Functionalism
* Bauhaus
* Futurism
* Imagism
* Lettrism
* Neoplasticism
* De Stijl
* Orphism
* Surrealism
* Symbolism
* Synchromism
* Tonalism

Literary arts|

| Literature|

* Apollinaire
* Barnes
* Beckett
* Bely
* Breton
* Broch
* Bulgakov
* Chekhov
* Conrad
* Döblin
* Forster
* Faulkner
* Flaubert
* Ford
* Gide
* Hamsun
* Hašek
* Hemingway
* Hesse
* Joyce
* Kafka
* Koestler
* Lawrence
* Mann
* Mansfield
* Marinetti
* Musil
* Dos Passos
* Platonov
* Porter
* Proust
* Stein
* Svevo
* Unamuno
* Woolf

|

Poetry|

* Akhmatova
* Aldington
* Auden
* Cendrars
* Crane
* H.D.
* Desnos
* Eliot
* Éluard
* Elytis
* George
* Jacob
* Lorca
* Lowell (Amy)
* Lowell (Robert)
* Mallarmé
* Moore
* Owen
* Pessoa
* Pound
* Rilke
* Seferis
* Stevens
* Thomas
* Tzara
* Valéry
* Williams
* Yeats

Works|

* In Search of Lost Time (1913–1927)
* The Metamorphosis (1915)
* Ulysses (1922)
* The Waste Land (1922)
* The Magic Mountain (1924)
* Mrs Dalloway (1925)
* The Sun Also Rises (1926)
* The Master and Margarita (1928–1940)
* The Sound and the Fury (1929)

Visual arts|

| Painting|

* Albers
* Arp
* Balthus
* Bellows
* Boccioni
* Bonnard
* Brâncuși
* Braque
* Calder
* Cassatt
* Cézanne
* Chagall
* Chirico
* Claudel
* Dalí
* Degas
* Delaunay
* Delaunay
* Demuth
* Dix
* Doesburg
* Duchamp
* Dufy
* Ensor
* Ernst
* Gauguin
* Giacometti
* Goncharova
* Gris
* Grosz
* Höch
* Hopper
* Kahlo
* Kandinsky
* Kirchner
* Klee
* Kokoschka
* Kooning
* Lawrence
* Léger
* Magritte
* Malevich
* Manet
* Marc
* Matisse
* Metzinger
* Miró
* Modigliani
* Mondrian
* Monet
* Moore
* Munch
* Nolde
* O'Keeffe
* Picabia
* Picasso
* Pissarro
* Ray
* Redon
* Renoir
* Rodin
* Rousseau
* Schiele
* Seurat
* Signac
* Sisley
* Soutine
* Steichen
* Stieglitz
* Toulouse-Lautrec
* Van Gogh
* Vuillard
* Wood

|

Film|

* Akerman
* Aldrich
* Antonioni
* Avery
* Bergman
* Bresson
* Buñuel
* Carné
* Cassavetes
* Chaplin
* Clair
* Cocteau
* Dassin
* Deren
* Dovzhenko
* Dreyer
* Edwards
* Eisenstein
* Epstein
* Fassbinder
* Fellini
* Flaherty
* Ford
* Fuller
* Gance
* Godard
* Hitchcock
* Hubley
* Jones
* Keaton
* Kubrick
* Kuleshov
* Kurosawa
* Lang
* Losey
* Lupino
* Lye
* Marker
* Minnelli
* Murnau
* Ozu
* Pabst
* Pudovkin
* Ray (Nicholas)
* Ray (Satyajit)
* Resnais
* Renoir
* Richardson
* Rossellini
* Sirk
* Sjöström
* Sternberg
* Tarkovsky
* Tati
* Trnka
* Truffaut
* Varda
* Vertov
* Vigo
* Welles
* Wiene
* Wood

Architecture|

* Breuer
* Bunshaft
* Gaudí
* Gropius
* Guimard
* Horta
* Hundertwasser
* Johnson
* Kahn
* Le Corbusier
* Loos
* Melnikov
* Mendelsohn
* Mies
* Nervi
* Neutra
* Niemeyer
* Rietveld
* Saarinen
* Steiner
* Sullivan
* Tatlin
* Wright

Works|

* A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte (1886)
* Mont Sainte-Victoir (1887)
* The Starry Night (1889)
* Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907)
* The Dance (1909–1910)
* Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2 (1912)
* Black Square (1915)
* The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920)
* Ballet Mécanique (1923)
* Battleship Potemkin (1925)
* Metropolis (1927)
* Un Chien Andalou (1929)
* Villa Savoye (1931)
* Fallingwater (1936)
* Citizen Kane (1941)
* Meshes of the Afternoon (1943)

Performing
arts|

| Music|

* Antheil
* Bartók
* Berg
* Berio
* Boulanger
* Boulez
* Copland
* Debussy
* Dutilleux
* Falla
* Feldman
* Górecki
* Hindemith
* Honegger
* Ives
* Janáček
* Ligeti
* Lutosławski
* Milhaud
* Nono
* Partch
* Russolo
* Satie
* Schaeffer
* Schoenberg
* Scriabin
* Stockhausen
* Strauss
* Stravinsky
* Szymanowski
* Varèse
* Villa-Lobos
* Webern
* Weill

|

Theatre|

* Anderson
* Anouilh
* Artaud
* Beckett
* Brecht
* Chekhov
* Ibsen
* Jarry
* Kaiser
* Maeterlinck
* Mayakovsky
* O'Casey
* O'Neill
* Osborne
* Pirandello
* Piscator
* Strindberg
* Toller
* Wedekind
* Wilder
* Witkiewicz

Dance|

* Balanchine
* Cunningham
* Diaghilev
* Duncan
* Fokine
* Fuller
* Graham
* Holm
* Laban
* Massine
* Nijinsky
* Shawn
* Sokolow
* St. Denis
* Tamiris
* Wiesenthal
* Wigman

Works|

* Don Juan (1888)
* Ubu Roi (1896)
* Verklärte Nacht (1899)
* Pelléas et Mélisande (1902)
* Salome (1905)
* The Firebird (1910)
* Afternoon of a Faun (1912)
* The Rite of Spring (1913)
* Fountain (1917)
* Six Characters in Search of an Author (1921)
* The Threepenny Opera (1928)
* Waiting for Godot (1953)

Related|

* American modernism
* Armory Show
* Avant-garde
* Ballets Russes
* Bloomsbury Group
* Buddhist modernism
* Classical Hollywood cinema
* Degenerate art
* Ecomodernism
* Experimental film
* Film noir
* Fin de siècle
* Fourth dimension in art
* Fourth dimension in literature
* Grosvenor School of Modern Art
* Hanshinkan Modernism
* High modernism
* Hippie modernism
* Impressionism
* Music
* Literature
* Post-
* Incoherents
* International Style
* Late modernism
* Late modernity
* List of art movements
* List of avant-garde artists
* List of modernist poets
* Maximalism
* Metamodernism
* Modernity
* Neo-primitivism
* Neo-romanticism
* New Hollywood
* New Objectivity
* Poetic realism
* Pop Art
* Pulp noir
* Reactionary modernism
* Remodernism
* Second Viennese School
* Structural film
* Underground film
* Vulgar modernism

← Romanticism

Postmodernism →

Category

* v
* t
* e

Premodern, Modern and Contemporary art movements

List of art movements/periods

Premodern
(Western)|

| Ancient|

* Thracian
* Dacian
* Nuragic
* Aegean
* Cycladic
* Minoan
* Minyan ware
* Mycenaean
* Greek
* Sub-Mycenaean
* Protogeometric
* Geometric
* Orientalizing
* Archaic
* Black-figure
* Red-figure
* Severe style
* Classical
* Kerch style
* Hellenistic
* "Baroque"
* Indo-Greek
* Greco-Buddhist
* Neo-Attic
* Etruscan
* Scythian
* Iberian
* Gaulish
* Roman
* Republican
* Gallo-Roman
* Julio-Claudian
* Pompeian Styles
* Trajanic
* Severan

|

Medieval|

* Late antique
* Early Christian
* Coptic
* Ethiopian
* Migration Period
* Anglo-Saxon
* Hunnic
* Insular
* Lombard
* Visigothic
* Donor portrait
* Pictish
* Mozarabic
* Repoblación
* Viking
* Byzantine
* Iconoclast
* Macedonian
* Palaeologan
* Italo-Byzantine
* Frankish
* Merovingian
* Carolingian
* Pre-Romanesque
* Ottonian
* Romanesque
* Mosan
* Spanish
* Norman
* Norman-Sicilian
* Opus Anglicanum
* Gothic
* Gothic art in Milan
* International Gothic
* International Gothic art in Italy
* Lucchese school
* Crusades
* Moscow school
* Novgorod school
* Vladimir-Suzdal school
* Duecento
* Sienese school
* Mudéjar
* Medieval cartography
* Italian school
* Majorcan school
* Mappa mundi

Renaissance|

* Italian Renaissance
* Trecento
* Proto-Renaissance
* Florentine school
* Pittura infamante
* Quattrocento
* Ferrarese school
* Forlivese school
* Venetian school
* Cinquecento
* High Renaissance
* Bolognese school
* Mannerism
* Counter-Maniera
* Northern Renaissance
* Early Netherlandish
* World landscape
* Ghent–Bruges school
* Northern Mannerism
* German Renaissance
* Cologne school
* Danube school
* Dutch and Flemish Renaissance
* Antwerp Mannerism
* Romanism
* Still life
* English Renaissance
* Tudor court
* Cretan school
* Turquerie
* Fontainebleau school
* Art of the late 16th century in Milan

17th century|

* Baroque
* Baroque in Milan
* Flemish Baroque
* Caravaggisti
* in Utrecht
* Tenebrism
* Louis XIII style
* Lutheran Baroque
* Stroganov school
* Animal painting
* Guild of Romanists
* Dutch Golden Age
* Delft school
* Capriccio
* Heptanese school
* Classicism
* Louis XIV style
* Poussinists and Rubenists

18th century|

* Rococo
* Rocaille
* Louis XV style
* Frederician
* Chinoiserie
* Fête galante
* Neoclassicism
* Goût grec
* Louis XVI style
* Adam style
* Directoire style
* Neoclassical architecture in Milan
* Picturesque

Colonial art|

* Art of the African diaspora
* African-American
* Caribbean
* Haitian
* Colonial Asian art
* Arts in the Philippines
* Letras y figuras
* Tipos del País
* Colonial Asian Baroque
* Company style
* Latin American art
* Casta painting
* Indochristian art
* Chilote school
* Cuzco school
* Quito school
* Latin American Baroque

Art borrowing
Western elements|

* Islamic
* Moorish
* Manichaean
* Mughal
* Qajar
* Qing handicrafts
* Western influence in Japan
* Akita ranga
* Uki-e

Transition
to modern
(c. 1770 – 1862)|

* Romanticism
* Fairy painting
* Danish Golden Age
* Troubadour style
* Nazarene movement
* Purismo
* Shoreham Ancients
* Düsseldorf school
* Pre-Raphaelites
* Hudson River School
* American luminism
* Orientalism
* Norwich school
* Empire style
* Historicism
* Revivalism
* Biedermeier
* Realism
* Barbizon school
* Costumbrismo
* Verismo
* Macchiaioli
* Academic art
* Munich school
* in Greece
* Neo-Grec
* Etching revival

Modern
(1863–1944)|

| 1863–1899|

* Neo-romanticism
* National romanticism
* Yōga
* Nihonga
* Japonisme
* Anglo-Japanese style
* Beuron school
* Hague school
* Peredvizhniki
* Impressionism
* American
* Hoosier Group
* Boston school
* Amsterdam
* Canadian
* Heidelberg school
* Aestheticism
* Arts and Crafts
* Art pottery
* Tonalism
* Decadent movement
* Symbolism
* Romanian
* Russian
* Volcano school
* Incoherents
* Post-Impressionism
* Neo-Impressionism
* Luminism
* Divisionism
* Pointillism
* Pont-Aven School
* Cloisonnism
* Synthetism
* Les Nabis
* American Barbizon school
* California tonalism
* Costumbrismo

|

1900–1914|

* Art Nouveau
* Art Nouveau in Milan
* Primitivism
* California Impressionism
* Secessionism
* School of Paris
* Munich Secession
* Vienna Secession
* Berlin Secession
* Sonderbund
* Pennsylvania Impressionism
* Mir iskusstva
* Ten American Painters
* Fauvism
* Expressionism
* Die Brücke
* Der Blaue Reiter
* Noucentisme
* Deutscher Werkbund
* American Realism
* Ashcan school
* Cubism
* Proto-Cubism
* Orphism
* A Nyolcak
* Neue Künstlervereinigung München
* Futurism
* Cubo-Futurism
* Art Deco
* Metaphysical
* Rayonism
* Productivism
* Synchromism
* Vorticism

1915–1944|

* Sosaku-hanga
* Suprematism
* School of Paris
* Crystal Cubism
* Constructivism
* Latin American
* Universal Constructivism
* Dada
* Shin-hanga
* Neoplasticism
* De Stijl
* Purism
* Return to order
* Novecento Italiano
* Figurative Constructivism
* Stupid
* Cologne Progressives
* Arbeitsrat für Kunst
* November Group
* Australian tonalism
* Dresden Secession
* Social realism
* Functionalism
* Bauhaus
* Kinetic art
* Anthropophagy
* Mingei
* Group of Seven
* New Objectivity
* Grosvenor school
* Neues Sehen
* Surrealism
* Iranian
* Latin American
* Mexican muralism
* Neo-Fauvism
* Precisionism
* Aeropittura
* Asso
* Scuola Romana
* Cercle et Carré
* The Group
* Harlem Renaissance
* Kapists
* Regionalism
* California Scene Painting
* Heroic realism
* Socialist realism
* Nazi art
* Streamline Moderne
* Concrete art
* Abstraction-Création
* Tiki
* The Ten
* Dimensionism
* Boston Expressionism
* Leningrad school

Contemporary
and Postmodern
(1945–present)|

| 1945–1959|

* International Typographic Style
* Abstract expressionism
* Washington Color School
* Visionary art
* Vienna School of Fantastic Realism
* Spatialism
* Color field
* Lyrical abstraction
* Tachisme
* Arte Informale
* COBRA
* Nuagisme
* Generación de la Ruptura
* Jikken Kōbō
* Metcalf Chateau
* Mono-ha
* Nanyang Style
* Action painting
* American Figurative Expressionism
* in New York
* New media art
* New York school
* Hard-edge painting
* Bay Area Figurative Movement
* Les Plasticiens
* Gutai Art Association
* Gendai Bijutsu Kondankai
* Pop art
* Situationist International
* Soviet Nonconformist
* Ukrainian underground
* Lettrism
* Letterist International
* Ultra-Lettrist
* Florida Highwaymen
* Cybernetic art
* Antipodeans

|

1960–1969|

* Otra Figuración
* Afrofuturism
* Nueva Presencia
* ZERO
* Happening
* Neo-Dada
* Neo-Dada Organizers
* Op art
* Nouveau réalisme
* Nouvelle tendance
* Capitalist realism
* Art & Language
* Arte Povera
* Black Arts Movement
* The Caribbean Artists Movement
* Chicano art movement
* Conceptual art
* Land art
* Systems art
* Video art
* Minimalism
* Fluxus
* Generative art
* Post-painterly abstraction
* Intermedia
* Psychedelic art
* Nut Art
* Photorealism
* Environmental art
* Performance art
* Process art
* Institutional critique
* Light and Space
* Street art
* Feminist art movement
* in the US
* Saqqakhaneh movement
* The Stars Art Group
* Tropicália
* Yoru no Kai
* Artificial intelligence visual art

1970–1999|

* Post-conceptual art
* Installation art
* Artscene
* Postminimalism
* Endurance art
* Sots Art
* Moscow Conceptualists
* Pattern and Decoration
* Pliontanism
* Punk art
* Neo-expressionism
* Transavantgarde
* Saint Soleil school
* Guerrilla art
* Lowbrow art
* Telematic art
* Appropriation art
* Neo-conceptual art
* New European Painting
* Tunisian collaborative painting
* Memphis Group
* Cyberdelic
* Neue Slowenische Kunst
* Scratch video
* Transgressive
* Retrofuturism
* Young British Artists
* Superfiction
* Taring Padi
* Superflat
* New Leipzig school
* Artist-run initiative
* Artivism
* The Designers Republic
* Grunge design
* Verdadism
* Chinese Apartment Art

2000–
present|

* Amazonian pop art
* Altermodern
* Art for art
* Art game
* Art intervention
* Brandalism
* Classical Realism
* Contemporary African art
* Africanfuturism
* Contemporary Indigenous Australian art
* Crypto art
* Cyborg art
* Excessivism
* Fictive art
* Flat design
* Corporate Memphis
* Hypermodernism
* Hyperrealism
* Idea art
* Internet art
* Post-Internet
* iPhone art
* Kitsch movement
* Lightpainting
* Massurrealism
* Modern European ink painting
* Neo-futurism
* Neomodern
* Neosymbolism
* Passionism
* Post-YBAs
* Relational art
* Skeuomorphism
* Software art
* Sound art
* Stuckism
* Superflat
* SoFlo Superflat
* Superstroke
* Toyism
* Unilalianism
* Vaporwave
* Walking Artists Network

Related topics|

* History of art
* Abstract art
* Asemic writing
* Anti-art
* Avant-garde
* Ballets Russes
* Christian art
* Art in the Protestant Reformation and Counter-Reformation
* Catholic art
* Icon
* Lutheran art
* Digital art
* Fantastic art
* Folk art
* Hierarchy of genres
* Genre painting
* History painting
* Illuminated manuscript
* Illustration
* Interactive art
* Jewish art
* Kitsch
* Landscape painting
* Modernism
* Modern sculpture
* Late modernism
* Naïve art
* Outsider art
* Portrait
* Prehistoric European art
* Queer art
* Realism
* Shock art
* Trompe-l'œil
* Western painting

* Category

* v
* t
* e

Henri Matisse

Works|

| 1890s–1900s|

* Woman Reading (1894)
* Landscape, the Pink Wall (1898)
* Academy Study of a Man (1900-1901)
* A Glimpse of Notre-Dame in the Late Afternoon (1902)
* Luxury, Calm and Pleasure (1904)
* The Green Stripe (1905)
* The Open Window (1905)
* Woman with a Hat (1905)
* View of Collioure (1905)
* Landscape at Collioure (1905)
* The Red Carpets (1906)
* Le bonheur de vivre (1906)
* Marguerite Reading (1906)
* The Young Sailor II (1906)
* Self-Portrait in a Striped T-shirt (1906)
* Madras Rouge (1907)
* Blue Nude (Souvenir de Biskra) (1907)
* The Dessert: Harmony in Red (The Red Room) (1908)
* Game of Bowls (1908)
* Bathers with a Turtle (1908)
* Portrait of Greta Moll (1908)
* Seated Nude (1909)

|

1910s–1920s|

* Dance (1910)
* Music (1910)
* Still Life with Geraniums (1910)
* Interior with Aubergines (1911)
* The Red Studio (1911)
* The Conversation (1908–1912)
* Goldfish (1912)
* The Little Mulatta (1912)
* View over the Bay of Tangier (1912)
* Zorah on the Terrace (1912)
* Window at Tangier (1912)
* Paysage marocain (Acanthes) (1912)
* Seated Riffian (1912)
* Arab Coffeehouse (1912–1913)
* View of Notre-Dame (1914)
* Woman on a High Stool (1914)
* The Yellow Curtain (1915)
* Bathers by a River (1917)
* The Painter and His Model (1917)
* The Music Lesson (1917)
* The Piano Lesson (1918)
* Odalisque with Raised Arms (1923)
* Yellow Odalisque (1926)

1930s–1950s|

* The Dance II (1932)
* Purple Robe and Anemones (1937)
* Woman in a Purple Coat (1937)
* La Blouse Roumaine (1940)
* Annelies, White Tulips and Anemones (1944)
* Young Woman Lying on a White Fur (1944)
* Asia (1946)
* Young Woman in White on a Red Background (1946)
* The Knife Thrower (1947)
* Deux fillettes, fond jaune et rouge (1947)
* The Plum Blossoms (1948)
* Beasts of the Sea (1950)
* The Sorrows of the King (1952)
* Black Leaf on Green Background (1952)
* La Négresse (1952)
* The Snail (1953)
* The Boat (1953)

Series|

* The Back Series (1909–1930)
* Goldfish paintings and etchings (1912–1929)
* Blue Nudes (1952)

Chapels|

* Chapel of the Rosary

Art books|

* Jazz (1947 book)

People|

* Pierre Matisse (son)
* Paul Matisse (grandson)
* Sophie Matisse (great-granddaughter)
* Lydia Delectorskaya (model)
* Gustave Moreau (teacher)

Museums|

* Matisse Museum (Le Cateau-Cambrésis)
* Musée Matisse (Nice)

Related|

* Fauvism
* An Essay on Matisse (1996 documentary)
* Matisse (crater)

Authority control databases

National|

* Germany
* United States
* France
* BnF data
* Czech Republic
* Spain
* Latvia
* Israel

Other|

* Yale LUX

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