Financial cost of the Iraq War

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The following is a partial accounting of financial costs of the 2003 Iraq War by the United States and the United Kingdom, the two largest non-Iraqi participants of the multinational force in Iraq.

## US war costs

[edit]

### Direct costs

[edit]

A Marine Corps M1 Abrams tank patrols a Baghdad street after its fall in 2003 during Operation Iraqi Freedom.

The costs of the Iraq War are often contested, as academics and critics have unearthed many hidden costs not represented in official estimates. The most recent major report on these costs come from Brown University in the form of the Costs of War, which totaled just over $1.1 trillion. The United States Department of Defense's direct spending on Iraq totaled at least $757.8 billion, but also highlighting the complementary costs at home, such as interest paid on the funds borrowed to finance the wars.

Those figures are dramatically higher than typical estimates published just prior to the start of the Iraq War, many of which were based on a shorter term of involvement. For example, in a March 16, 2003 Meet the Press interview of Vice President Dick Cheney, held less than a week before the Iraq War began, host Tim Russert reported that "every analysis said this war itself would cost about $80 billion, recovery of Baghdad, perhaps of Iraq, about $10 billion per year. We should expect as American citizens that this would cost at least $100 billion for a two-year involvement."[1]

#### Appropriations

[edit]

See also: Iraq Relief and Reconstruction Fund

* FY2003 Supplemental: Operation Iraqi Freedom: Passed April 2003; Total $78.5 billion, $54.4 billion Iraq War
* FY2004 Supplemental: Iraq and Afghanistan Ongoing invasion reconstruction: Passed November 2003; Total $87.5 billion, $70.5 billion Iraq War
* FY2004 DoD Budget Amendment: $25 billion Emergency Reserve Fund (Iraq Freedom Fund): Passed July 2004, Total $25 billion, $21.5 billion (estimated) Iraq War
* FY2005 Emergency Supplemental: Operations in the War on Terror; Activities in Afghanistan; Tsunami Relief: Passed April 2005, Total $82 billion, $58 billion (estimated) Iraq War
* FY2006 Department of Defense appropriations: Total $50 billion, $40 billion (estimated) Iraq War.
* FY2006 Emergency Supplemental: Operations Global War on Terror; Activities in Iraq & Afghanistan: Passed February 2006, Total $72.4 billion, $60 billion (estimated) Iraq War
* FY2007 Department of Defense appropriations: $70 billion (estimated) for Iraq War-related costs[2][3]
* FY2007 Emergency Supplemental (proposed) $100 billion
* FY2008 Bush administration has proposed around $190 billion for the Iraq War and Afghanistan[4]
* FY2009 Obama administration has proposed around $130 billion in additional funding for the Iraq War and Afghanistan.[5]
* FY2010 Obama administration proposes around $159.3 billion for the Iraq and Afghanistan wars.[6]

### Indirect and delayed costs

[edit]

According to a Congressional Budget Office (CBO) report published in October 2007, the US wars in Iraq and Afghanistan could cost taxpayers a total of $2.4 trillion by 2017 including interest. The CBO estimated that of the $2.4 trillion long-term price tag for the war, about $1.9 trillion of that would be spent on Iraq, or $6,300 per US citizen.[7][8] A CRS report (conducted after the 2010 end of combat operations and 2011 withdrawal) was released in December 2014. It placed the cost of the war operations in Iraq as of January 1, 2014, at $815 billion out of the total $1.6 trillion approved by Congress since September 2001.[9]

Joseph Stiglitz, former chief economist of the World Bank and winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics, and Linda Bilmes, a Harvard University professor and former official at the U.S. Department of Commerce, have stated the total costs of the Iraq War on the US economy will be three trillion dollars in a moderate scenario, described in their book about the budgetary and economic costs of the war The Three Trillion Dollar War and possibly more in a study published in March 2008.[10] Stiglitz has stated: "The figure we arrive at is more than $3 trillion. Our calculations are based on conservative assumptions...Needless to say, this number represents the cost only to the United States. It does not reflect the enormous cost to the rest of the world, or to Iraq."[10]

A 2013 updated study[11] pointed out that US medical and disability claims for veterans after a decade of war had risen to $134.7 billion from $33 billion two years earlier.

The extended combat and equipment loss have placed a severe financial strain on the US Army, causing the elimination of non-essential expenses such as travel and civilian hiring.[12][13]

In 2020, Neta Crawford, chair of the political science department at Boston University, in her Costs of War Project, estimated the long term cost of the Iraq War for the United States at $1.922 trillion. This figure includes not only funding appropriated to the Pentagon explicitly for the war, but spending on Iraq by the State Department, the healthcare of Iraq War veterans, and the interest expense on debt incurred to fund 17 years of U.S. military involvement in the country.[14]

The UH-60 Black Hawk that crashed on September 21, 2004.

### Military equipment lost

[edit]

The US has lost a number of pieces of military equipment during the war. The following statistics are from the Center for American Progress;[15] and they are only approximations that also include vehicles lost in non-combat-related accidents as of 2006.

#### 2006 land equipment approximation

[edit]

* 20 M1 Abrams tanks
* 50 M2 Bradley fighting vehicles
* 20 Stryker wheeled combat vehicles
* 20 M113 armored personnel carriers
* 250 Humvees
* 500+ mine clearing vehicles, heavy/medium trucks, and trailers
* 10 Assault amphibious vehicles[16][17]

#### 2006 air equipment

[edit]

Main article: List of aviation accidents and incidents during the Iraq War

* 109 helicopters
* 18 fixed-wing aircraft

In June 2006, the Army said that the cost of replacing its depleted equipment tripled from that of 2005.[18] As of December 2006, according to government data reported by The Washington Post, the military stated that nearly 40% of the army's total equipment has been to Iraq, with an estimated yearly refurbishment cost of $US 17 billion. The military states that the yearly refurbishment cost has increased by a factor of ten compared to that of the pre-war state. As of December 2006 approximately 500 M1 tanks, 700 Bradley Fighting Vehicles and 1000 Humvees are awaiting repair in US military depots.[19]

In September 2007, the Congressional Budget Office produced a report outlining the Army's Reset Program[20] and included some combat loss numbers.

#### 2007 land equipment approximation

[edit]

* 20 M1 Abrams tanks
* 50–75 M2 Bradley fighting vehicles
* 20–40 Stryker wheeled combat vehicles
* 20 M113 armored personnel carriers
* 461–800 Humvees (min, max based on 24k HMMWV and 15k trucks in theater, and 750–1300 losses)
* 288–500 Trucks (min, max based on 24k HMMWV and 15k trucks in theater, and 750–1300 losses)

## UK war costs

[edit]

As of March 2006, approximately £4.5 billion ($6.8 billion) had been spent by the United Kingdom in Iraq. This came from a government fund called the "Special Reserve" which at the time had a balance of £7.4 billion ($10.14 billion).[21][22] According to the Ministry of Defence, the total cost of UK military operations in Iraq from 2003 to 2009 was £8.4bn.[23]

Official calculations stated that the Iraq and Afghanistan wars combined cost £20.3 billion (up to but not beyond June 2010).[24]

## See also

[edit]

* Australian contribution to the 2003 invasion of Iraq
* Casualties of the Iraq War
* Polish involvement in the 2003 invasion of Iraq
* Refugees of Iraq

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Transcript of a March 16, 2003 interview with Vice-President Dick Cheney by NBC's Meet the Press Archived May 6, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, from the website for the International Relations Program at Mount Holyoke College
2. ^ National Priorities Project | Bringing the Federal Budget Home Archived 2003-06-01 at the Wayback Machine from the Cost of War website
3. ^ "Congressional Reports: Cost of Iraq, Afghanistan since 9/11". zFacts.org. 2006-04-24. Archived from the original on 2006-08-21. Retrieved 2006-08-15.
4. ^ Increase In War Funding Sought Archived 2016-12-21 at the Wayback Machine from The Washington Post
5. ^ Gray, Andrew (2009-04-10). "UPDATE 2-Obama seeks $83.4 billion more in 2009 war funds". Reuters. Archived from the original on 2009-04-13. Retrieved 2017-07-01.
6. ^ Secretary of Defense Robert M. Gates (February 1, 2010). "Defense Budget/QDR Announcement". Arlington, VA: U.S. Department of Defense. Archived from the original on February 28, 2010. Retrieved February 2, 2010.
7. ^ Richard Sammon (July 2007). "Iraq War: The Cost in Dollars". Archived from the original on 2007-12-24. Retrieved 2007-07-23.
8. ^ "U.S. CBO estimates $2.4 trillion long-term war costs". Reuters. October 2007. Archived from the original on 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2007-10-24.
9. ^ Amy Belasco (December 2014). "The Cost of Iraq, Afghanistan, and Other Global War on Terror Operations Since 9/11" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-05-01. Retrieved 2015-05-18.
10. ^ a b The three trillion dollar war Archived 2008-05-13 at the Wayback Machine from The Times of London
11. ^ Iraq war costs U.S. more than $2 trillion: study Archived 2017-09-19 at the Wayback Machine, Daniel Trotta, Reuters, 14 March 2013, accessed 18 March 2013
12. ^ "Strapped for money, Army extends cutbacks on spending". USA Today. 2006-07-20. Archived from the original on 2007-06-18. Retrieved 2006-08-15.
13. ^ Michael Hirsh (2006-07-21). "End of Days?". Newsweek. Archived from the original on 2006-08-10. Retrieved 2006-08-15.
14. ^ The Iraq War has cost the US nearly $2 trillion. Military Times. Feb. 6, 2020.
15. ^ Loren B. Thompson; Lawrence J. Korb; Caroline P. Wadhams. "Army Equipment After Iraq" (PDF). Center for American Progress. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-27. Retrieved 2009-08-15.
16. ^ Maj Karl C. Rohr (2006-03-21). "The Fog of War". Marine Corps Gazette. Archived from the original on 2006-11-14. Retrieved 2006-08-15.
17. ^ Roxana Tiron (January 2006). "Marine Vehicle Upgrades Reflect Combat Demands". National Defense Magazine. Archived from the original on 2006-10-08. Retrieved 2006-08-15.
18. ^ "Army's Iraq, Afghanistan equipment costs triple". NBC News. 2006-06-27. Retrieved 2006-08-15.
19. ^ "U.S. Army Battling To Save Equipment" Archived 2014-10-06 at the Wayback Machine. Tyson, Ann Scott. The Washington Post December 5, 2006.
20. ^ CBO (2007-09-01). "Replacing and Repairing Equipment Used in Iraq and Afghanistan: The Army's Reset Program" (PDF). CBO. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-01-15. Retrieved 2016-02-10.
21. ^ "The Rising Costs of the Iraq War (March 2006)". IraqAnalysis.org. 2006-03-22. Archived from the original on 2006-06-21. Retrieved 2006-08-15.
22. ^ "U.K. Spending on War in Iraq, Afghanistan Rises to $16 Bln (December 2006)". Bloomberg. 2006-12-06. Archived from the original on 2007-06-07. Retrieved 2007-01-22.
23. ^ "High cost of Iraq war surprised Whitehall". www.ft.com. Archived from the original on 2009-08-24.
24. ^ "Afghanistan and Iraq 'have cost taxpayers £20bn' (October 2011)". The Daily Telegraph. London. 2010-06-20. Archived from the original on 2018-08-25. Retrieved 2018-04-03.

* v
* t
* e

Iraq War (2003–2011)

Beginning of the Iraqi conflict

Prelude

| Background|

| Pre-1990|

* 17 July Revolution
* Iranian Revolution
* 1979 Ba'ath Party Purge
* Iran–Iraq War
* British / U.S. support for Iraq
* Chemical attacks against Iran
* Anfal campaign
* Iran–Contra affair

|

1990–2003|

* Gulf War
* Invasion of Kuwait
* Nayirah testimony
* Sanctions against Iraq
* No-fly zones
* 1991 uprisings
* UNSCOM
* Arms-to-Iraq affair
* Oil-for-Food Programme
* Investigations
* September 11 attacks
* Aftermath
* War on terror
* 2001 anthrax attacks
* U.S. War in Afghanistan
* Invasion

Rationale|

* WMD claims
* Yellowcake uranium
* Aluminum tubes
* Biological weapons
* Chemical weapons
* "Curveball"
* Mobile weapon labs
* Saddam–al-Qaeda conspiracy theory
* Anthrax claims
* Prague
* Ricin claims
* Oil as a possible rationale

Issues|

* American imperialism
* Bush Doctrine
* Wolfowitz Doctrine
* Colin Powell's UN presentation
* Disarmament crisis
* UNMOVIC
* Failed peace initiatives
* Iraq resolution / UK parliament's support for invasion
* Iraqi–Kurdish conflict
* Legality
* Legitimacy of the invasion
* Media coverage
* Military analyst program
* Rapid response operation
* Saddam's alleged shredder
* Preemptive war
* Saddam Hussein and human rights

Dossiers
and memos|

* Habbush letter
* Downing Street memo
* September Dossier
* Vilnius letter
* Letter of the eight
* Bush–Blair 2003 memo
* February Dossier
* Bush–Aznar memo

Overview

| Key events|

* Invasion (2003)
* Occupation (2003–2011)
* Insurgency
* 2003–06 period
* Anbar campaign
* Fallujah
* Capture of Saddam Hussein
* Interrogation
* Trial
* Execution / Reactions
* 2006 al-Askari mosque bombing
* Civil war (2006–08)
* 2007 U.S. troop surge
* timeline
* U.S. withdrawal
* Status of forces agreement

|

Invasion
(2003)|

* Timeline
* Preparations for invasion
* Multi-National Force
* Battle of Nasiriyah
* Fall of Baghdad
* Battle of Debecka Pass
* Firdos Square statue
* Mission Accomplished speech
* US public opinion

Occupation
(2003–2011)|

* Occupation of Ramadi
* De-Ba'athification
* 100 Orders
* CPA Order 2
* CPA Order 17
* U.S. military bases
* Blackwater
* Reconstruction
* Development Fund
* Economic reform
* UNAMI
* Al Qa'qaa high explosives
* U.S. kill or capture strategy

| Replacement
governments|

* Coalition Provisional Authority
* Iraqi Governing Council
* Interim Government
* 2005 parliamentary elections
* Transitional Government
* Constitution
* Ratification

|

Participants

| Countries|

* Australia
* Ba'athist Iraq
* Denmark
* Georgia
* Iran
* Italy
* Japan
* Poland
* South Korea
* Thailand
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom
* United States

|

Insurgent
groups|

| Sunni
groups|

* Islamic Army in Iraq
* 1920 Revolution Brigades
* Jaish al-Rashideen
* Islamic Front for the Iraqi Resistance
* Hamas of Iraq
* Jeish Muhammad
* Mujahideen Shura Council
* Islamic State of Iraq
* Al-Qaeda in Iraq
* Jaish al-Ta'ifa al-Mansurah
* Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad
* Jamaat Ansar al-Sunna
* Ansar al-Islam in Kurdistan
* Black Banner Organization
* Wakefulness and Holy War
* Abu Theeb's group
* Abu Bakr Al-Salafi Army
* Mujahideen Army

|

Shia
groups|

* Mahdi Army
* Abu Deraa's militia
* Badr Organization
* Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq
* Sheibani Network
* Soldiers of Heaven
* Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq
* Promised Day Brigade
* Kata'ib Hezbollah

Ba'ath
loyalists|

* Fedayeen Saddam
* Al-Awda
* Popular Army
* Al-Abud Network
* Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order
* Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation

Battles and operations

| Operations|

| 2003|

* Ancient Babylon
* Catalyst
* Desert Scorpion
* Desert Thrust
* Falconer
* Iron Hammer
* Iron Justice
* Ivy Blizzard
* Northern Delay
* Airborne Dragon
* Panther Squeeze
* Peninsula Strike
* Planet X
* Capture of Saddam Hussein (Red Dawn)
* Telic

|

2004|

* Baton Rouge
* Bulldog Mammoth
* Iron Saber
* New Dawn (Al Fajr)
* Phantom Fury
* Phantom Linebacker
* Plymouth Rock
* Vigilant Resolve
* Warrior's Rage

2005|

* Able Rising Force
* Able Warrior
* Cyclone
* Iron Hammer
* Matador
* New Market
* Spear (Romhe)
* Squeeze Play
* Steel Curtain

2006|

* Al Majid
* Gaugamela
* Guardian Tiger
* Iron Triangle
* River Falcon
* Sinbad
* Swarmer
* Together Forward

2007|

* Alljah
* Arbead II
* Ardennes
* Black Eagle
* Commando Eagle
* Forsythe Park
* Imposing Law
* Leyte Gulf
* Marne Avalanche
* Marne Torch
* Mawtini
* Phantom Strike
* Phantom Thunder
* Polar Tempest
* Purple Haze
* Saber Guardian
* Sledgehammer
* Stampede 3
* Tiger Hammer
* Valiant Guardian (Harris Ba'sil)

2008|

* Defeat Al Qaeda in the North
* Augurs of Prosperity
* Phantom Phoenix

2009–2011|

* New Dawn

Battles|

| 2003|

| Invasion|

* Umm Qasr
* Al Faw
* Basra I
* Nasiriyah
* Karbala I
* Haditha Dam
* Najaf I
* Samawah I
* Karbala II
* Al Kut
* Hillah
* Karbala Gap
* Debecka Pass
* Baghdad I

|

* Majar al-Kabir
* Ramadan Offensive

2004|

* Spring fighting
* Karbala City Hall
* Fallujah I
* Siege of Sadr City
* Ramadi I
* Good Friday ambush
* Baghdad International Airport
* Husaybah
* Danny Boy
* Najaf II
* CIMIC House
* Samarra
* Fallujah II
* Mosul

2005|

* Lake Tharthar
* Abu Ghraib
* Al-Qa'im
* Hit convoy
* Haditha
* Tal Afar

2006|

* Baghdad II
* Ramadi II
* Diwaniya
* Al Rumaythah
* Amarah
* Turki

2007|

* Haifa Street
* Karbala provincial HQ
* Najaf III
* Shurta Nasir
* Basra II
* Baqubah
* Route Bismarck
* Donkey Island
* Karbala III

2008|

* Spring fighting
* Iraqi Day of Ashura
* Nineveh
* Basra III
* Al-Qaeda offensive

2009–2011|

* Palm Grove (2010)

Related events|

* Turkish incursions into northern Iraq
* 2007
* 2008
* Abu Kamal raid

War crimes

| Occupation forces|

| Killings and
massacres|

* During the 2003 invasion
* U.S. killings of journalists
* Fallujah killings
* Killing of Nadhem Abdullah (2003)
* Murder of Muhamad Husain Kadir
* Mukaradeeb wedding party massacre (2004)
* Haifa Street helicopter incident (2005)
* Tal Afar shootings (2005)
* Basra prison incident (2005)
* Haditha massacre (2005)
* Mahmudiyah rape and killings (2006)
* Ishaqi massacre (2006)
* Baghdad detainee killings (2006)
* Hamdania incident (2006)
* Iraqi bodyguard killing (2006)
* Iron Triangle Murders (2006)
* Baghdad airstrike (2007)
* Nisour Square massacre (2007)
* Iraq War Logs (2010)

|

Chemical
weapons|

* Use of white phosphorus by the United States (2004–05)

Torture
and abuse|

* Abu Ghraib prison (2003–06)
* Camp Bucca (2003–09)
* Camp Nama (2003–04)
* Balad Air Base (2003–2011)
* Death of Nagem Hatab (2003)
* Killing of Baha Mousa (2003)
* Death of Abed Hamed Mowhoush (2003)
* Killing of Manadel al-Jamadi (2003)
* Death of Fashad Mohamed (2004)

§ Other killings
and bombings|

| 2003|

* Jordanian embassy
* Canal Hotel
* Imam Ali mosque bombing
* Baghdad October 2003

|

2004|

* Erbil 2004
* Ashura massacre
* Basra 2004
* Mosul 2004
* 2004 church bombings
* Baghdad bombings
* 14 September
* 30 September
* Karbala and Najaf bombings
* Baqubah 2004
* Kufa mosque bombing

2005|

* Al Hillah 2005
* Erbil 2005
* Musayyib bombing
* Baghdad bombings
* August
* September
* Balad 2005
* Khanaqin bombings

2006|

* Karbala and Ramadi
* Al-Askari mosque 2006
* Buratha mosque bombing
* Sadr City bombings
* July
* November
* Hayy Al-Jihad massacre

2007|

* Mustansiriya University
* Baghdad bombings
* 22 January
* 3 February
* 12 February
* 18 February
* 29 March
* 18 April
* 26 July
* 1 August
* Al Hillah 2007
* Tal Afar 2007
* Iraqi Parliament
* 2007 Karbala mosque bombings
* Massacres of Yazidis
* April massacre
* Qahtaniyah bombings
* Makhmour
* Abu Sayda
* Al-Askari mosque 2007
* Al-Khilani mosque bombing
* Amirli bombing
* Kirkuk 2007
* Al Amarah bombings

2008|

* Bagdad bombings
* February
* March
* June
* Balad 2008
* Karbala 2008
* Al-Karmah
* Dujail bombing
* Balad Ruz bombing
* Attacks on Christians in Mosul

2009|

* Bagdad bombings
* March
* 6 April
* June
* August
* October
* December
* Baghdad–Miqdadiyah
* Taza bombing
* Kirkuk 2009
* Tal Afar 2009

2010|

* Nationwide attacks
* 10 May
* 25 August
* Bagdad bombings
* January
* February
* April
* August
* September
* November
* Baqubah 2010
* Baghdad church massacre

2011|

* Nationwide attacks
* January
* August
* Bagdad bombings
* January
* August
* October
* Arba'een bombings
* Tikrit assault
* Al Hillah 2011
* Samarra bombing
* Al Diwaniyah bombing
* Taji bombings
* Karbala 2011
* Basra 2011

Other war crimes|

* Raid on Camp Ashraf (2011)
* Archaeological looting
* Chlorine bombings
* Torture by the Wolf Brigade (2004–2011)

Prosecution|

* United States and the International Criminal Court
* Hague Invasion Act
* Prosecution for the 2003 invasion
* Abtan v. Blackwater
* Hamdan v. Rumsfeld
* Saleh v. Bush
* Taguba Report

§ All attacks listed in this group were either committed by insurgents, or have unknown perpetrators

Impact

| General|

* Casualties
* Iraq Body Count
* Iraq Family Health Survey
* Lancet surveys
* ORB survey
* Damage to Baghdad
* Al-Aimmah Bridge disaster
* Human rights
* Humanitarian crisis
* 2007 cholera outbreak
* Financial cost
* Refugees
* Iraqi Christians
* Mandaeans
* Violence against Iraqi academics

|

Political
controversies|

* Post-invasion WMD conjecture
* Iraq scandal in Finland
* Dixie Chicks comments
* Plame affair
* Hood event
* Death of David Kelly
* Hutton Inquiry
* Kidnapping of Angelo dela Cruz
* 2004 document leak
* Al Jazeera bombing memo
* Scott Thomas Beauchamp controversy
* MoveOn.org ad controversy
* Six Days in Fallujah
* Role of Canada
* War resisters

| Investigations|

* Senate Report on WMD Intelligence
* Duelfer Report
* Chilcot Inquiry

|

Reactions|

| Pre-war|

* Pre-war international reactions
* Khuy Voyne!
* Saddam Hussein interview

|

* Views on the invasion
* U.S. public opinion
* Opposition
* Criticism
* United Nations
* Oprah's Anti-war series
* Iraqi map pendant
* Winter Soldier: Iraq & Afghanistan
* Photo Op
* A Responsible Plan to End the War in Iraq
* Bush shoeing incident

Protests|

* Halloween 2002
* February 15, 2003
* March 20, 2003
* Bring Them Home Now Tour
* January 20, 2005
* September 24, 2005
* January 27, 2007
* March 17, 2007
* 2007 Port of Tacoma
* September 15, 2007
* March 19, 2008

Aftermath in Iraq|

* The rise of ISIL
* Insurgency (2011–13)
* War in Iraq (2013–17)
* War against ISIL (2014–present)
* U.S.-led intervention in Iraq (2014–2021)
* Insurgency (2017–present)

Miscellaneous

| Terminology|

* Axis of evil
* Outposts of tyranny
* "Baghdad Bob"
* "Chemical Ali"
* Coalition of the willing
* Dead checking
* Embedded journalism
* Freedom fries
* Friedman Unit
* "Mother of All Bombs"
* "Mrs. Anthrax"
* Old Europe and New Europe
* Regime change
* Shock and awe
* "Sixteen Words"
* "Smoking gun / mushroom cloud"
* Star Spangled Ice Cream
* Strategic reset
* "There are unknown unknowns"
* Triangle of Death
* "Yo, Blair"

| Critical|

* Global arrogance
* Inverted totalitarianism
* "The wrong war, at the wrong place, at the wrong time"

|

Memorials|

* Afghan–Iraqi Freedom Memorial (Salem, Oregon)
* Al-Shaheed Monument
* Iraq and Afghanistan Memorial (London)
* Northwood Gratitude and Honor Memorial
* Old North Memorial Garden
* Saving Iraqi Culture

Lists|

* Assassinations
* Aviation shootdowns and accidents
* Bombings
* Coalition military operations
* Documentaries
* Iraqi security forces fatality reports
* Most-wanted Iraqi playing cards
* Private contractor deaths

Timeline|

* 2003
* 2004
* 2005
* 2006
* 2007
* 2008
* 2009
* 2010
* 2011

Related

* Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty
* Chelsea Manning
* CIA black sites
* Efforts to impeach George W. Bush
* "Enhanced interrogation techniques"
* Torture in the United States
* Extraordinary rendition
* Green Zone
* Guantanamo Bay detention camp
* Gulf of Tonkin incident
* Resolution
* Military–industrial complex
* Neoconservatism
* Patriot Act
* Petrodollar warfare theory
* Post-9/11
* Special Relationship
* The Iraq War: A Historiography of Wikipedia Changelogs
* Unilateralism
* Unitary executive theory
* U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East
* WikiLeaks
* Ba'ath Party archives

Outline / Category / Wikinews / Multimedia

‹ The template below (Presidency of George W. Bush) is being considered for deletion. See templates for discussion to help reach a consensus. ›

* v
* t
* e

Presidency of George W. Bush (2001–2009)

Timeline|

* Transition
* 1st inauguration
* 2nd inauguration
* Timeline
* 2001
* 2002
* 2003
* 2004
* 2005
* 2006
* 2007
* 2008–09
* Legislation and programs
* Dismissal of U.S. attorneys controversy
* Email controversy
* Shoeing incident
* Judicial appointments
* Supreme Court candidates
* John Roberts
* Harriet Miers
* Samuel Alito
* controversies
* Pardons
* Cabinet
* Impeachment efforts
* Executive actions
* Executive orders
* Presidential proclamations
* State funeral of Ronald Reagan
* State funeral of Gerald Ford
* Obama transition

Speeches|

* Joint session of Congress (2001)
* Joint session of Congress (September 11 attacks) (2001)
* Axis of evil
* Mission Accomplished
* 2002 SOTU Address
* 2003 SOTU Address
* 2004 SOTU Address
* 2005 SOTU Address
* 2006 SOTU Address
* 2007 SOTU Address
* 2008 SOTU Address

Foreign policy|

* Bush Doctrine
* International trips
* by Colin Powell
* by Condoleezza Rice
* Jordan–United States Free Trade Agreement
* Trade Act of 2002
* Trade promotion authority
* Australia
* Bahrain
* Chile
* Colombia
* Dominican Republic–Central America
* Morocco
* Oman
* Panama
* Peru
* Singapore
* South Korea
* 2002 steel tariff
* Darfur Peace and Accountability Act
* Mexico City policy
* PEPFAR
* Space policy
* Vision for Space Exploration
* Russia summits
* Slovenia summit
* Slovakia summit
* Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty
* USA Freedom Corps
* September 11 attacks
* Communication issues
* Military response
* Pre-attack intelligence
* Phoenix Memo
* August 2001 daily briefing
* War on terror
* 2001 AUMF
* Afghanistan War
* 2002 Iraq AUMF
* Iraq War
* financial cost
* 2008 Iraq SOFA
* Executive Order 13355
* Executive Order 13470
* H-1B Visa Reform Act of 2004
* L-1 Visa Reform Act of 2004
* Secure Fence Act of 2006
* Foreign Investment and National Security Act of 2007

Domestic policy|

* Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act
* Amber alert
* Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act
* Born-Alive Infants Protection Act
* Emmett Till Unsolved Civil Rights Crime Act
* Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act
* Government response to September 11 attacks
* Rescue and recovery effort
* 9/11 Commission
* report
* criticism
* National Construction Safety Team Act
* NIST WTC Disaster Investigation
* Patriot Act
* President's Surveillance Program
* Terrorist Surveillance Program
* NSA warrantless surveillance
* Homeland Security Act of 2002
* U.S. Department of Homeland Security
* National Security Entry-Exit Registration System
* No Fly List
* Secondary Security Screening Selection
* Terrorist Screening Center
* Terrorist Screening Database
* Real ID Act
* Protect America Act of 2007
* FISA Amendments Act of 2008
* Help America Vote Act
* Election Assistance Commission
* Higher Education Opportunity Act
* Higher Education Relief Opportunities For Students Act
* Hurricane Katrina
* Criticism of government response
* Disaster relief
* Medicare Modernization Act
* Medicare Part D
* No Child Left Behind Act
* Highly qualified teachers
* Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act
* President's Council on Service and Civic Participation
* award
* Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003
* Public Service Loan Forgiveness
* Unborn Victims of Violence Act
* 2006 VRA Amendments
* White House Office of Faith-Based and Neighborhood Partnerships

Economic policy|

* American Jobs Creation Act of 2004
* Bush tax cuts
* Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001
* Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003
* Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act
* Credit Rating Agency Reform Act
* Economic Stimulus Act of 2008
* Energy Policy Act of 2005
* Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007
* Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act
* Financial Literacy and Education Commission
* Red Flags Rule
* Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002
* Forest Land Enhancement Program
* Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004
* Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008
* Job Creation and Worker Assistance Act of 2002
* Mortgage Forgiveness Debt Relief Act of 2007
* Pension Protection Act of 2006
* Public Law 110-343
* Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008
* Troubled Asset Relief Program
* Renovation, Repair and Painting Rule
* SAFE Transportation Equity Act
* Sarbanes–Oxley Act
* Tax Increase Prevention and Reconciliation Act of 2005
* Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006

Environmental
policy|

* Clean Boating Act of 2008
* Climate change policy
* Clear Skies Initiative
* Committee on Climate Change Science and Technology Integration
* Executive Order 13432
* Diesel Emissions Reduction Act
* Healthy Forests Initiative
* Magnuson–Stevens Reauthorization Act
* Renewable Fuel Standard
* Renewable Identification Number
* Small Business Liability Relief and Brownfields Revitalization Act
* Water Resources Development Act of 2007

* ← Clinton administration
* Obama administration →

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