First Serbian Uprising

1804–1813 rebellion in the Ottoman Empire which began the Serbian Revolution

First Serbian Uprising

Part of the Serbian Revolution

The Conquest of Belgrade
by Katarina Ivanović
| Date| 14 February 1804 – 7 October 1813
(9 years, 7 months, 3 weeks and 2 days)

|

Location|

Pashalik of Belgrade, parts of the Sanjak of Vidin

Result|  Ottoman victory
(see Aftermath section)
Territorial
changes|  Abolishment of the Serbian rebel government
Belligerents
Revolutionary Serbia
Supported by:
Russian Empire (1807–1812)
Wallachia (1804)

* Dahije (1804)

* * *

From 1805:
Ottoman Empire
Ayans
Pashalik of Scutari
Pashalik of Yanina

* * *

From 1813:

* Wallachia
* Great Banship of Craiova

Commanders and leaders

* Karađorđe
* Matija Nenadović
* Jakov Nenadović
* Mladen Milovanović
* Milenko Stojković
* Stanoje Glavaš
* Vasa Čarapić †
* Hajduk Veljko †
* Miloš Obrenović
* Zeka Buljubaša †
* Petar Dobrnjac
* Tomo Milinović
* Mikhail Kutuzov

* Mehmed-aga Fočić †
* Aganlija †
* Kučuk-Alija †
* Mula Jusuf †

* * *

* Sulejman Pasha Skopljak
* Hurshid Pasha
* Bekir Pasha
* Sinan Pasha Sijerčić †
* Osman Gradaščević †
* Mehmed Bey Kulenović †
* Ibrahim Bushati
* Muhtar Pasha
* Veli Pasha
* John Caradja

Casualties and losses
20,000 soldiers killed[1]
60,000 civilians killed|  70,000 soldiers killed[1]

* v
* t
* e

Serbian Revolution

First Serbian Uprising:

* Vračar
* Rudnik
* Svileuva
* Batočina and Jagodina
* Kragujevac
* Drlupa
* Čokešina
* Šabac
* Požarevac
* Karanovac
* Adakale
* Ivankovac
* Rudnik
* Vrbica
* Mišar
* Deligrad
* Belgrade (1806)
* Liberation of Belgrade
* Loznica
* Malajnica and Štubik
* Čegar
* Jasika
* Prahovo
* Suvodol
* Drina
* Varvarin
* Loznica
* Mačva
* Ravnje
* Hadži-Prodan's rebellion

Second Serbian Uprising:

* Ljubić
* Čačak
* Palež
* Požarevac
* Dublje

The First Serbian Uprising (Serbian: Prvi srpski ustanak; Serbian Cyrillic: Први српски устанак; Turkish: Birinci Sırp Ayaklanması) was an uprising of Serbs in Orašac against the Ottoman Empire from 14 February 1804, to 7 October 1813. The uprising began as a local revolt against the Dahije, who had seized power in a coup d'état. It later evolved into a war for independence, known as the Serbian Revolution, after more than three centuries of Ottoman Empire rule and brief Austrian occupations.

In 1801, the Janissary commanders assassinated the Ottoman Pasha and took control of the Pashalik of Belgrade, ruling it independently of the Ottoman Sultan. This led to a period of tyranny, during which the Janissaries suspended the rights previously granted to the Serbs by the Sultan. They also raised taxes, imposed forced labour, and made other changes that negatively affected the Serbs. In 1804, the Janissaries feared that the Sultan would use the Serbs against them, which led to the assassination of many Serbian chiefs. An assembly chose Karađorđe to lead the uprising, and the rebel army quickly defeated and took over towns throughout the sanjak, technically fighting for the Sultan. Sultan Selim III, fearing their power, ordered all the Pashaliks in the region to crush them. The Serbs marched against the Ottomans and, after major victories in 1805–06, established a government and parliament that returned land to the people, abolished forced labour, and reduced taxes.

Serbia's military successes continued over the years, spurred on by the Russian Empire's involvement in the parallel Russo–Turkish War. However, disagreements arose between Karađorđe, who sought an absolute monarchy, and other leaders who wanted to limit his power because some of his colleagues abused their privileges for personal gain. After the Russo-Ottoman War ended in 1812, the Ottoman Empire took advantage of these circumstances and reconquered Serbia in 1813.

Although the uprising was unsuccessful, the Serbs were the first Christian population in Ottoman history to rise up against the Sultan and succeed in creating a short-lived independent state. Their uprising eventually became a symbol of the nation-building process in the Balkans and inspired unrest among neighbouring Balkan peoples.[2] The uprising soon resumed with the Second Serbian Uprising in 1815.

## Background

[edit]

Serbia had been under Ottoman rule since the Battle of Kosovo in 1389. Over the centuries, the Serbs experienced oppression, heavy taxation, and cultural assimilation under the Ottoman Empire. By the 18th century, the conditions for Serbs living under Ottoman rule had become increasingly harsh. In addition to high taxes, they faced discrimination and the imposition of the Devshirme system, which required Christian families to provide sons for the Ottoman military.[3] The Serbs lived in wide areas in the western Balkans; a high percentage of them, experienced fighters, had fought under their own officers in the Serbian Freicorps of the Austrian army. They came from the Sanjak of Smederevo (also known in historiography as the Pashalik of Belgrade), a border district containing a population of around 368,000 prior to 1804.[4]

Belgrade, which was the seat of the eponymous pashalik became the second largest Ottoman city in Europe, with over 100,000 inhabitants, surpassed only by Constantinople.[5] During the Austro-Turkish War of 1788, the eastern Šumadija region was occupied by the Austrian-Serbian Free Corps and Hajduks, which led to the occupation of most of the Sanjak of Smederevo by the Habsburg Monarchy (1788–1791). From 15 September to 8 October 1789, an Austrian force besieged the fortress of Belgrade. The Austrians held the city until 1791, when they returned it to the Ottomans under the terms of the Treaty of Sistova. The withdrawal was a disappointment for the Serbs, according to historian Theodor N. Trâpcea.[6]

After the return of the sanjak to the Ottoman Empire, the Serbs expected reprisals from the Turks for their support of the Austrians. Sultan Selim III had entrusted the sanjaks of Smederevo and Belgrade to battle-hardened Janissaries who had fought against Christian forces during the Austro-Turkish War and other conflicts. Although Selim granted authority to the peaceful Hadži Mustafa Pasha in 1793, tensions between the Serbs and the Janissary command did not subside.[7] In 1793 and 1796, Selim issued firmans that gave the Serbs more rights. These included the collection of taxes by the obor-knez (dukes), freedom of trade and religion, and the establishment of peace. Selim also ordered the removal of some unpopular Janissaries from the Belgrade Pashalik, as he saw them as a threat to the central authority of Hadži Mustafa Pasha. Many of the Janissaries were employed by or took refuge with Osman Pazvantoğlu, a renegade opponent of Selim in the Sanjak of Vidin. Pazvantoğlu launched a series of raids against the Serbs without the Sultan's permission, causing much instability and fear in the region.[8] In 1793, the Serbs defeated Pazvantoğlu at the Battle of Kolari.[9] In the summer of 1797, Mustafa Pasha was appointed by the Sultan as the beglerbeg of Rumelia Eyalet. He left Serbia for Plovdiv to fight against the Vidin rebels of Pazvantoğlu. During Mustafa Pasha's absence, Pazvantoğlu's troops captured Požarevac and besieged the Belgrade Fortress.[10][11] In November 1797, the Obor knez Aleksa Nenadović, Ilija Birčanin and Nikola Grbović arrived in Belgrade with their troops. They successfully forced the besieging Janissary troops to retreat to Smederevo.[12][10]

On 30 January 1799, Selim III allowed the Janissaries to return, calling them local Muslims from the Sanjak of Smederevo. At first, the Janissaries accepted the authority of Hadži Mustafa Pasha. However, in Šabac, a Janissary named Bego Novljanin demanded a surcharge from a Serb and murdered him when he refused to pay. Fearing the worst, Hadži Mustafa Pasha marched to Šabac with a force of 600 men to ensure that the Janissary was brought to justice and that order was restored. The Janissaries not only decided to support Bego Novljanin, but Pazvantoğlu also attacked the Belgrade Pashalik in support of the Janissaries.[13]

## Prelude

[edit]

Further information: Slaughter of the Knezes

An illustration of Hadži Mustafa Pasha murdered by the Dahije

On 15 December 1801, Belgrade Vizier Hadži Mustafa Pasha was executed by Kučuk-Alija, one of four Janissaries originally from the Sanjak of Vidin (modern north-western Bulgaria). Alongside Haji Mustafa Pasha. Mehmed Foça-oğlu, Aganli-Bayraktar and Mülla Yusuf, the four Janissaries referred to themselves as Dahije.[14][15] As a result, Belgrade was captured and the Sanjak of Smederevo was divided among them independently of the Ottoman government, and in defiance of the Sultan, despite the dispatch of a new Pasha from Constantinople.[15]

The Janissaries enforced a system of arbitrary abuse unparalleled in the entire history of Ottoman misrule in the Balkans.[16] The leaders divided the Sanjak into pashaliks,[16] immediately suspending Serbian autonomy and significantly increasing taxes. Land confiscation and the introduction of forced labour, known as chiflik, prompted many Serbs to flee to the mountains.[17]

The Serbs petitioned the Sultan to inform him of the tyranny they were suffering,[18] upon learning of this and in an attempt to prevent a rebellion, the Dahije decided to act first. At the end of January 1804, throughout the Sanjak, between 70 and 150 knezes (village leaders), livestock merchants and Orthodox priests were executed by the Dahije in an event known as the Slaughter of the Knezes.[19] According to contemporary sources from Valjevo, the severed heads of the leaders were displayed on the central square as a warning to those who might plot against the Dahije's rule.[19] Janissary atrocities fueled fear and anger among the Serbs, leading some to flee with their families into the woods while others organised themselves into self-defence units,[16] as uncoordinated resistance erupted throughout the region.[15]

The events in Serbia were being closely monitored by neighbouring Christian states such as Wallachia, an Ottoman client-state bordering Serbia to the northeast, and ruled by the Phanariote Prince Constantine Ypsilantis (who was secretly hostile to Ottoman rule). During the early stages of the rebellion, the Belgrade Pashalik was visited by Ypisilantis' agents, including Dositei Filitti.[20]

## Uprising against the Dahije

[edit]

Orašac Assembly

On 14 February 1804, a group of leading Serbs gathered at Marićević Gully, in the small village of Orašac (near Aranđelovac) to support a call for a general uprising. The meeting was held after the massacre and the resentment against the Dahije, who had revoked the privileges granted to the Serbs by Selim III. Among those present were Stanoje Glavaš, Atanasije Antonijević, and Tanasko Rajić. They elected Đorđe Petrović, a cattle trader known as Karađorđe, as their leader. Karađorđe, a former member of the Freikorps during the Austro-Turkish War and an officer in the national militia, had considerable military experience.[21] Serbian forces quickly took control of Šumadija, leaving the Dahije with only Belgrade under their control. The Istanbul government ordered the pashas of the neighbouring Pashaliks not to help the Dahije.[22] At first the Serbs fought on the side of the Sultan against the Janissaries, but later they were supported by an Ottoman official and the Sipahi cavalry corps.[23] Despite their small numbers, the Serbs achieved significant military victories, capturing Požarevac and Šabac and launching successful attacks on Smederevo and Belgrade in quick succession.[23]

In July 1804, the Sultan, fearing that the Serbian movement might get out of control, sent Bekir Pasha, former Pasha of Belgrade and now Pasha of Bosnia Eyalet, to officially help the Serbs, but in reality to keep them under control.[23] Alija Gušanac, the Janissary commander of Belgrade, faced with both Serbs and imperial authority, allowed Bekir Pasha into the city.[23] The Dahije had previously fled east to Ada Kale, an island in the Danube.[24] Bekir demanded the surrender of the Dahije. Meanwhile, Karađorđe sent his commander, Milenko Stojković, to the island.[25] The Dahije refused to surrender, so Stojković attacked and captured them. He had them beheaded on the night of 5–6 August 1804.[25] After destroying the power of the Dahije, Bekir Pasha wanted the Serbs disbanded. However, since the Janissaries still held important towns such as Užice, the Serbs were unwilling to stop without guarantees.[24] In May 1804, Serbian leaders under Dorđe Petrović met in Ostružnica to continue the uprising. Their goals were to seek protection from Austria, to petition Sultan Selim for greater autonomy, and to request Russian protection from the Russian ambassador in Istanbul. The Russian government maintained a neutral policy toward the Serbian revolt until the summer of 1804 due to the recent Russo-Turkish friendship, which was a response to the growing influence of France. At the beginning of the uprising, the Russian envoy in Montenegro refused to deliver the message when the Serbs asked for help and instructed the Serbs to petition the Sultan. However, in the summer of 1804, after the meeting in Ostružnica, the Russian government changed its policy to be recognized by Istanbul as the guarantor of peace in the region.[22]

Negotiations between the Serbs and the Ottomans began in May 1804, mediated by the Austrian governor of Slavonia. As Trâpcea notes, the Serbs made only modest demands, seeking autonomy within the borders of the Pashalik.[26] This autonomy was to be under the control of a Serbian knez with the power to collect taxes for the Sublime Porte. In addition, the Serbian leaders demanded further restrictions on the Janissaries. In 1805, negotiations between the Porte and the Serbs broke down over the Porte's inability to accept an agreement guaranteed by a foreign power and the Serbs' refusal to lay down their arms. Fearing a Christian uprising, the Porte issued a decree on 7 May 1805, ordering the rebels to disarm and rely on regular Ottoman troops to protect them from the Dahije. The Serbs, however, summarily ignored the decree.[27][24] Selim responded by ordering Hafiz Pasham, the Pasha of Niš, to march against the Serbs and take Belgrade.[28]

## Uprising against the Ottomans

[edit]

The seal of the Ruling Council (Praviteljstvujušči sovjet) The Battle of Mišar (1806), by Afanasij Šeloumov Serbia in 1809 under Karađorđe's rule Flintlock pistols from the First Serbian Uprising Uniform and weapons of a Serbian regular soldier (1809–10) Serbia in 1813, before the Ottoman reconquest

In 1805, the first major battle took place at Ivankovac, where the Serbs defeated the Sultan's army and forced it to retreat towards Niš. It was the first time that the Serbs defeated the Sultan's army and not a Muslim rebel force. In November of the same year, the fortress of Smederevo fell and became the capital of the rebellion.[21] The second major clash was the Battle of Mišar in 1806, where the rebels defeated an Ottoman army from Bosnia led by the Sipahi commander Suleiman-Pasa. The rebels also defeated Osman Pazvantoğlu and another Ottoman army sent from the southeast at Deligrad. Despite repeated efforts and the support of Ottoman commanders, including Ibrahim Bushati and Ali Pasha's two sons, Muktar Pasha and Veli Pasha, the Ottomans were consistently defeated. In December 1806, the rebels, led by Petar Dobrnjac, captured Belgrade and gained control of the entire Pashalik. The rebels sent the Belgrade merchant Petar Ičko as their envoy to the Ottoman government in Constantinople. He succeeded in obtaining a favourable treaty named after him, the Ičko's Peace,[29] which granted a measure of Serbian autonomy. However, Serbian leaders rejected the treaty and may have poisoned Ičko for his dealings with the Ottomans.

In 1805, the Serbian rebels established a rudimentary government to administer the lands under Serbian control. The government was divided into the Narodna Skupština (People's Assembly), the Praviteljstvujušči Sovjet (Ruling Council), and Karađorđe himself. The Ruling Council was established on the recommendation of Russian Foreign Minister Chartorisky and at the suggestion of some dukes, including Jakov and Matija Nenadović, Milan Obrenović, and Sima Marković.[30] Their purpose was to check Karađorđe's powers. Boža Grujović, the first secretary, and Matija Nenadović, the first president, envisioned the Council as the government of the new Serbian state.[31] The revolutionary government was responsible for organizing and supervising various aspects of government, including administration, economy, army supply, law and order, justice, and foreign policy.[31] In addition to abolishing forced labour and reducing taxes, they also abolished all feudal obligations in 1806, emancipating peasants and serfs and marking a major social break with the past. The poll tax on non-Muslims (jizya) was also abolished.

The Battle of Deligrad in December 1806 was a decisive victory for the Serbs, which boosted the morale of the outnumbered rebels. To avoid total defeat, Ibrahim Pasha negotiated a six-week armistice with Karađorđe. By 1807, the demands for self-government within the Ottoman Empire had evolved into a war of independence, supported by the Russian Empire. Combining patriarchal peasant democracy with modern national aspirations, the Serbian Revolution attracted thousands of volunteers among Serbs from across the Balkans and Central Europe. It eventually became a symbol of the nation-building process in the Balkans and provoked unrest among Christians in both Greece and Bulgaria. After a successful siege with 25,000 men in late 1806, Karađorđe proclaimed Belgrade the capital of Serbia on 8 January 1807, after the surrender of the remaining fortifications on St. Stephen's Day.[32] The Serbian efforts were supported by the Imperial Russian Army, which had established itself in Wallachia during the parallel Russo-Turkish War. This allowed the Serbian rebels to concentrate on the Timok Valley, deep in the Sanjak of Vidin. A local rebel named Hajduk Veljko pledged his allegiance to Karađorđe.[33]

Earlier rebellions against the Ottoman Turks were suppressed with great violence and repression.[34] In February 1804, the Janissaries executed seventy-two Serbs and displayed their heads on the citadel of Belgrade. These actions led to equally brutal reprisals when the situation was reversed.[35] The liberation of Belgrade was followed by a massacre of Turks.[36] The event was described by the Serbian historian Stojan Novakovic as a "thorough cleansing of the Turks".[37] After the Serbs finally stormed the fortress of Belgrade, Archbishop Leontii reported that the commander was killed "as well as all other Muslim inhabitants"; Turkish women and children were baptized.[35][38] The slaughter was accompanied by widespread destruction of Turkish and Muslim property and mosques.[39] A significant portion of those killed were not of actual Turkish descent, but were local Slavs who had converted to Islam over the centuries.[citation needed] The massacre sparked a debate within the rebel faction. The older generation of rebels viewed the massacre as a sin, but the prevailing principle was the removal of all Muslims.[40]

In 1808, Sultan Selim was executed by Mustafa IV, who was subsequently deposed by Mahmud II. During this political crisis, the Ottomans were willing to offer significant autonomy to the Serbs. However, the talks did not lead to an agreement between the two parties, as they could not agree on the exact borders of Serbia.[41] Karađorđe's 1809 proclamation in the capital, Belgrade, is considered the culmination of the first phase. The proclamation called for national unity and invoked Serbian history to call for the establishment of religious freedom and a written rule of law. It also urged Serbs to stop paying taxes to the Porte, which were considered discriminatory on the basis of religious affiliation. Karađorđe declared himself the hereditary supreme leader of Serbia but agreed to cooperate with the Governing Council, which also served as the supreme court. During the Ottoman-Russian War of 1809, Karađorđe was initially willing to support Russia, but their cooperation proved ineffective. Although Karađorđe launched a successful offensive at Novi Pazar, Serbian forces were later defeated at the Battle of Čegar.[42]

In March 1809, Hurşid Paşa was sent to the Sanjak of Smederevo to suppress the rebellion. The Ottoman force was composed of soldiers from various nearby pashaliks, mostly from Bosnia and Albania (Scutari, Yanina), including soldiers such as Samson Cerfberr of Medelsheim, Osman Gradaščević, and Reshiti Bushati. On 19 May 1809, a large Ottoman force attacked 3,000 rebels led by commander Stevan Sinđelić on the hill of Čegar, near the town of Niš. Due to the lack of coordination between the commanders, the reinforcement of other detachments failed. Despite their numerical superiority, the Ottoman forces lost thousands of men in numerous attacks on the Serbian positions. Eventually, the rebels were overwhelmed, and their positions were overrun. To prevent his men from being captured and impaled, Sinđelić fired into the gunpowder magazine of his entrenchment, causing an explosion that killed all the rebels and Ottoman troops in the vicinity. Afterwards, Hurshid Pasha ordered the construction of a tower made from the skulls of Serbian revolutionaries. The resulting Skull Tower stands ten feet tall and contains 952 Serbian skulls embedded in 14 rows on all four sides.

In July 1810, Russian troops arrived in Serbia for the second time. This time they provided military cooperation by sending weapons, ammunition and medical supplies. Marshal Mikhail Kutuzov also participated in planning joint actions. Russian support raised hopes of a Serbian victory.[42] In August 1809, an Ottoman army marched on Belgrade, causing a mass exodus of people across the Danube. Among them was the Russian agent Radofinikin.[41] Faced with the impending disaster, Karađorđe sought help from the Habsburgs and Napoleon, but to no avail.[41] At this point, the Serbian rebels shifted to a defensive strategy, focusing on holding their territories rather than making further gains.[41][42] Meanwhile, Russia, preoccupied with a French invasion, prioritized signing a final peace treaty and acted against Serbia's interests.[42] In particular, the Serbs were not informed of the negotiations and only learned of the final terms from the Ottomans.[42] This second Russian retreat occurred at the height of Karađorđe's power and the rise of Serbian expectations.[42] The Treaty of Bucharest, signed in May 1812, contained Article 8, which dealt with the Serbs. According to the treaty, Serbian fortifications were to be destroyed unless they were of value to the Ottomans. Pre-1804, Ottoman installations were to be reoccupied and garrisoned by Ottoman troops. In return, the Porte promised a general amnesty and certain autonomous rights. The Serbs were granted control over the administration of their own affairs and the collection and payment of a fixed tribute.[43] The reaction in Serbia was strong, with particular concern over the reoccupation of fortresses and towns and the expectation of feared reprisals.[43]

During the rebellion, some of the leaders abused their privileges for personal gain. Disagreements arose between Karađorđe and other leaders as Karađorđe sought absolute power while his dukes sought to limit it. After retaking Belgrade, the Ottoman Empire took advantage of the Russian retreat to reconquer Serbia in 1813. As part of this effort, Wallachia was also recaptured and secured by the Ottomans under the loyalist Phanariote John Caradja, along with its Great Banship (Oltenia). In July 1813, an Ottoman–Wallachian force, including "several hundreds of Caradja's Romanians" arriving in through Oltenia, moved up the Timok River and killed Veljko at Negotin.[44] The Ottoman forces burned villages along the main invasion routes, massacred or displaced their inhabitants, and enslaved many women and children. Karađorđe and other rebel leaders fled the country, and the exiles scattered throughout the Austrian Empire, Wallachia, and Russia.[45]

## Aftermath

[edit]

The Skull Tower built by the Turks with embedded Serbian skulls, as depicted in an 1863 sketch by Felix Philipp Kanitz

As a clause of the Treaty of Bucharest, the Ottomans agreed to grant a general amnesty to the participants of the uprising.[46] However, as soon as Turkish rule was re-established in Serbia, villages were burned and thousands were sent into slavery. Belgrade became the scene of brutal vengeance. On 17 October 1813 alone, 1,800 women and children were sold into slavery.[46] Various acts of violence and confiscation of property also took place. Islamized Serbs and Albanians in particular participated in such actions.[47]

Under direct Ottoman rule, all Serbian institutions were abolished. In 1814, tensions continued and Hadži Prodan, one of Karađorđe's former commanders, launched a failed uprising. After an uprising at a Turkish estate in the same year, the Ottoman authorities massacred the local population and publicly impaled 200 prisoners in Belgrade.[45] In March 1815, the Serbs held several meetings and organized to resist again. This led to the Second Serbian Uprising in April, led by Miloš Obrenović. The uprising eventually succeeded in turning Serbia into a semi-autonomous state.[48]

## See also

[edit]

* List of Serbian Revolutionaries
* History of the Serbian-Turkish wars

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Protić 1893.
2. ^ Glenny 2012, p. 13.
3. ^ Jelavich 1983, p. 41.
4. ^ Jelavich 1983, p. 193.
5. ^ "The History of Belgrade". Belgradenet.com. Archived from the original on 30 December 2008. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
6. ^ Trâpcea 1942, p. 264.
7. ^ The Ottoman Empire and the Serb Uprising, S J Shaw in The First Serbian Uprising 1804–1813 Ed W Vucinich, p. 72
8. ^ Ranke 1847.
9. ^ Paxton 1968, p. 13.
10. ^ a b Ćorović 2001.
11. ^ Trâpcea 1942, pp. 267–268.
12. ^ Filipović, Stanoje R. (1982). Podrinsko-kolubarski region. RNIRO "Glas Podrinja". p. 60\. "Ваљевски кнезови Алекса Ненадовић, Илија Бирчанин и Никола Грбовић довели су своју војску у Београд и учествовали у оштрој борби са јаничарима који су се побеђени повукли."
13. ^ Ranke 1847, p. 115.
14. ^ Ćorović 2001, ch. Почетак устанка у Србији.
15. ^ a b c Djokić 2023, p. 213.
16. ^ a b c Nicholas Moravcevich (2005). Selected essays on Serbian and Russian literatures and history. Stubovi kulture. pp. 217–218. ISBN 9788679791160.
17. ^ Reed, H.L. (2018). Serbia: A Sketch (in German). Outlook Verlag. p. 28\. ISBN 978-3-7326-7904-1.
18. ^ Morison 2012, p. xvii.
19. ^ a b Ranke 1847, p. 119–120.
20. ^ Trâpcea 1942, p. 270.
21. ^ a b Jelavich et al. 1983, p. 200.
22. ^ a b Vucinich, Wayne S. The First Serbian Uprising, 1804–1813. Social Science Monographs, Brooklyn College Press, 1982.
23. ^ a b c d Morison 2012, p. xviii.
24. ^ a b c Morison 2012, p. xix.
25. ^ a b Petrovich 1976, p. 34.
26. ^ Trâpcea 1942, p. 269.
27. ^ Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; C.E., Bosworth; van Donzel, E.; W.P., Heinrichs (eds.). "Ṣi̊rb". Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_1091. OCLC 882844266.
28. ^ Jelavich et al. 1983, p. 198.
29. ^ Petrovich 1976, p. 98-100.
30. ^ Janković 1955, p. 18.
31. ^ a b Čubrilović 1982, p. 65.
32. ^ Srđan Rudić et al. 2018, p. 299.
33. ^ Trâpcea 1942, pp. 270–277.
34. ^ Mojzes 2011, p. 10.
35. ^ a b Berend 2005, p. 123.
36. ^ Washburn, Dennis; Reinhart, Kevin (2007). Converting Cultures: Religion, Ideology and Transformations of Modernity. BRILL. p. 88\. ISBN 9789047420330.
37. ^ Sudanow. Ministry of Culture and Information. 1994. p. 20.
38. ^ Vovchenko, Denis (2016). Containing Balkan Nationalism: Imperial Russia and Ottoman Christians, 1856–1914. Oxford University Press. p. 299\. ISBN 9780190276676. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
39. ^ Lebel, G'eni (2007). Until "the Final Solution": The Jews in Belgrade 1521 – 1942. Avotaynu. p. 70\. ISBN 9781886223332. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
40. ^ Aleksov, Bojan (2007). Washburn, Dennis; Reinhart, Kevin (eds.). Converting Cultures: Religion, Ideology, and Transformations of Modernity. BRILL. p. 88\. ISBN 978-9004158221.
41. ^ a b c d Jelavich 1983, p. 201.
42. ^ a b c d e f Jelavich & Jelavich 1977, p. 34.
43. ^ a b Jelavich & Jelavich 1977, p. 35.
44. ^ Trâpcea 1942, pp. 277–278.
45. ^ a b "The Serbian Revolution and the Serbian State".
46. ^ a b Judah 1997, p. 188.
47. ^ Ković, Miloš (2021). Velike sile i Srbi (in Serbian). Belgrade: Catena Mundi. p. 219\. ISBN 978-86-6343-163-8.
48. ^ Judah 1997, p. 189.

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* Jelavich, Barbara (1983). History of the Balkans. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-27458-6.
* Jelavich, Charles; Jelavich, Barbara (1977). The Establishment of the Balkan National States: 1804-1920. University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-80360-9.
* Jelavich, B.; Cambridge University Press; Joint Committee of Eastern Europe; Joint Committee on Eastern Europe (1983). History of the Balkans: Volume 1. Cambridge paperback library. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-27458-6.
* Judah, T. (1997). The Serbs: History, Myth, and the Destruction of Yugoslavia. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-07113-9.
* Mojzes, P. (2011). Balkan Genocides: Holocaust and Ethnic Cleansing in the Twentieth Century. G – Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-4422-0663-2.
* Morison, W. A. (2012) [1942]. The Revolt of the Serbs Against the Turks: (1804–1813). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-67606-0.
* Paxton, R.V. (1968). Russia and the First Serbian Revolution: a Diplomatic and Political Study, the Initial Phase, 1804-1807. Stanford University.
* Petrovich, Michael Boro (1976). A history of modern Serbia, 1804–1918. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. ISBN 9780151409501.
* Protić, Kosta (1893). "Ratni događaji iz Prvog srpskog ustanka pod Karađorđem Petrovićem 1804–1813". Godišnjica Nikole Čupića. XIII: 77–269.
* Ranke, Leopold von (1847). History of Servia, and the Servian Revolution. J. Murray. (Public Domain)
* Srđan Rudić, S.A.; Belgrade 1521–1867, D.; The Institute of History, B.; Yunus Emre Enstitüsü, T.C.C.B.; Ćosović, T. (2018). Belgrade 1521–1867. Collection of Works / The Institute of History, Belgrade. Institute of History Belgrade. ISBN 978-86-7743-132-7.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
* Trâpcea, Theodor N. (1942). "Contribuțiuni la istoria românilor din Peninsula Balcanică. Românii dintre Timoc și Morava". Balcania. V (1): 207–364.

## Further reading

[edit]

* Bataković, Dušan T. (2006). "A Balkan-Style French Revolution? The 1804 Serbian Uprising in European Perspective" (PDF). Balcanica (XXXVI). SANU.
* Ćirković, Sima (2004). The Serbs. Malden: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 9781405142915.
* Đorđević, M. R. (1967). Oslobodilački rat srpskih ustanika 1804–1806. Belgrad: Vojnoizdavački zavod.
* Gavrilović, S. (1985) Građa bečkih arhiva o Prvom srpskom ustanku 1804–1810. Beograd: SANU, knj. I, 55
* Hrabak, Bogumil (1994). "Srpski ustanici i Novopazarski sandžak (Raška) 1804–1813. godine". Istorijski časopis. XL–XLI: 9–.
* Hrabak, Bogumil (1996). "Kosovo and Metohia and the First rebellion of the Serbs" (PDF). Baština (7): 151–168. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 June 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
* Ivić, Aleksa (1935). "Spisi bečkih arhiva o Prvom srpskom ustanku: 1804". Zbornik. VIII. Belgrade.
* Ivić, Aleksa (1936). "Spisi bečkih arhiva o Prvom srpskom ustanku: 1805". Zbornik. X. Belgrade.
* Ivić, Aleksa (1937). "Spisi bečkih arhiva o Prvom srpskom ustanku: 1806". Zbornik. Belgrade.
* Ivić, Aleksa (1938). "Spisi bečkih arhiva o Prvom srpskom ustanku: 1807". Zbornik. Belgrade.
* Janjić, Jovan (2014). "The role of the clergy in the creation and work of the state authorities during the first Serbian uprising: Part one". Zbornik Matice Srpske Za Drustvene Nauke (149): 901–927. doi:10.2298/ZMSDN1449901J.
* Maticki, Miodrag (2004). Читанка Првог српског устанка. Belgrade: Чигоја Штампа.
* Meriage, Lawrence P. (1978). "The First Serbian Uprising (1804-1813) and the Nineteenth-Century Origins of the Eastern Question". Slavic Review. 37 (3): 421–439. doi:10.2307/2497684. JSTOR 2497684.
* Mikavica, Dejan (2009). "Уставно питање у Карађорђевој Србији 1804—1813". Истраживања. 20.
* Novaković, Stojan (1907). Уставно питање и закони Карађорђева времена: студија о постању и развићу врховне и среднишње власти у Србији, 1805–1811. Штампарија "Љуб. М. Давидовић".
* Nedeljković, Mile (2002). Voždove vojvode: broj i sudbina vojskovođa u Prvom srpskom ustanku. Fond Prvi srpski ustanak. ISBN 978-86-83929-02-3.
* Novaković, Stojan (1892). "Šest službenih pisama prvog ustanka 1806-1812. iz nekadašnje arhive vojvode Antonija Pljakića". Spomenik Srpske Kraljevske Akademije. XVII. Belgrade: 7–.
* Paxton, Roger Viers (1972). "Nationalism and Revolution: A Reexamination of the Origins of the First Serbian Insurrection 1804–1807". East European Quarterly. 6 (3): 337–.
* Perović, R., ed. (1978). Prvi srpski ustanak – akta i pisma na srpskom jeziku, 1804–1808. Belgrade: Narodna knjiga.
* Popović, M. (1908). "Ustanak u Gornjem Ibru i po Kopaoniku od 1806. do 1813. godine". Godišnjica Nikole Čupića. XXVII: 232–235.
* Popović, M. (1954). Pričanje savremenika o Prvom srpskom ustanku. Belgrade.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* Radosavljević, Nedeljko V.; Marinković, Mirjana O. (2012). "Једна османска наредба о војном уништењу Србије из 1807. године" [An Ottoman order on the military destruction of Serbia from 1807]. Истраживања. 23: 283–293. Archived from the original on 12 February 2018. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
* Radosavljević, Nedeljko V. (2010). "The Serbian Revolution and the Creation of the Modern State: The Beginning of Geopolitical Changes in the Balkan Peninsula in the 19th Century". Empires and Peninsulas: Southeastern Europe between Karlowitz and the Peace of Adrianople, 1699–1829. Berlin: LIT Verlag. pp. 171–178. ISBN 9783643106117.
* Radovanović, Petar (1852). Војне Срба с Турцима. Belgrade.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* Rajić, Suzana (2010). "Serbia – the Revival of the Nation-state, 1804–1829: From Turkish Provinces to Autonomous Principality". Empires and Peninsulas: Southeastern Europe between Karlowitz and the Peace of Adrianople, 1699–1829. Berlin: LIT Verlag. pp. 143–148. ISBN 9783643106117.
* Stojančević, Vladimir (1980). Srbija u vreme prvog ustanka: 1804–1813. Narodni muzej.
* Ćorović, Vladimir (2003). Карађорђе и први српски устанак. Свет књиге. ISBN 978-86-7396-057-9.
* Damnjanović, Nebojša; Merenik, Vladimir (2004). The first Serbian uprising and the restoration of the Serbian state. Historical Museum of Serbia, Gallery of the Serbian Academy of Science and Arts. ISBN 9788670253711.
* Gavrilović, Andra (1904). "Crte iz istorije oslobodjenja Srbije". (Public Domain)
* Jančikin, Jovan (1996). Први српски устанак у народној књижевности. Српски демократски савез у Мађарској. ISBN 9789638197061.
* Janković, Dragoslav (1981). Први српски устанак. Коларчев народни универзитет.
* Kállay, Béni (1910). "Die Geschichte des serbischen Aufstandes, 1807–1810". (Public Domain)
* Karadžić, Vuk Stefanović (1947). Први и Други српски устанак. [With a Portrait.].
* Kovačević, Božidar (1949). Први српски устанак. Ново поколење.
* Novaković, Stojan (1906). "Tursko carstvo pred srpski ustanak, 1780–1804". Beograd Davidovi. (Public Domain)
* Stojančević, Vladimir (1994). Prvi srpski ustanak: Ogledi i studije. Vojna knj.
* Stojančević, Vladimir (2004). Srbija i srpski narod u vreme prvog ustanka. Matica srpska. ISBN 9788683651412.
* Teinović, Bratislav M. (2020). "Преглед политичког живота у босанском ејалету (1804–1878)" [A review of the political life in the Bosnian eyalet (1804–1878)]. Kultura polisa. 17 (42): 137–154. eISSN 2812-9466.
* Vujnović, Andrej (2004). Први српски устанак и обнова српске државе. Галерија српске академије наука и уметности. ISBN 978-86-82925-10-1.

## External links

[edit]

* Media related to First Serbian Uprising at Wikimedia Commons
* Serbian Thermopylae – Battle of Chokeshina 1804 (Serbian Revolution War)
* Battle of Mishar 1806 (Serbian Revolution War)

* v
* t
* e

Serb rebellions

Ottoman territories
(Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Macedonia, Montenegro)|

* during Long Turkish War (1593–1606)
* Banat Uprising (1594)
* Peć Uprising (1594)
* Serb uprising (1596—1597)
* 1603
* 1604
* 1609
* 1611
* 1613
* Brda 1633–39
* during Cretan War (1645–1669)
* Brda 1658–
* during Great Turkish War (1683–99)
* Arsenije III Čarnojević's Revolts
* 1694
* Kuči Revolt
* Montenegrin Uprising (1709–10)
* Uprising in Vučitrn (1717)
* Serb Uprising of 1737–39
* 1768–74
* Koča's Revolt (1788)
* First Serbian Uprising (1804–13)
* Jančić's Rebellion (1809)
* Vlasotince Uprising (1809)
* Hadži-Prodan's Rebellion (1814)
* Second Serbian Uprising (1815-17)
* Belgrade Revolt (1817)
* Demir-Mićić Revolt (1819)
* Vlasotince Uprising (1821)
* Niš Rebellion (1821)
* Priest Jovica's Rebellion (1834)
* Second Mašići Rebellion (1834)
* Niš rebellion (1835)
* Pirot Rebellion (1836)
* Niš Rebellion (1841)
* Leskovac–Vranje Rebellion (1842)
* Zvornik–Bijeljina Plot (1847–48)
* Bjelopavlići–Piperi Rebellion (1854)
* Drobnjaci Rebellion (1855)
* Kuči Rebellion (1856)
* Pecija's First Revolt (1858)
* Prota's Revolt (1858)
* Vlasotince Uprising (1860)
* Herzegovina Uprising (1852–62)
* Trebava Rebellion
* Herzegovina Uprising (1875–78)
* Javor Rebellion (1876)
* Topola Rebellion (1877)
* Uprising in Vlasotince and Leskovac (1877)
* Raonič Revolt
* Kumanovo Uprising (1878)
* Brsjak Revolt (1881)
* Action in Macedonia (1903–08)

Habsburg territories
(Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Croatia)|

* 1623
* 1631
* 1632
* 1658
* Stefan Osmokruhović's Revolt (1665–66)
* 1672
* 1693–97
* 1700
* 1706
* 1714
* 1718
* 1719
* 1723
* 1727
* 1728
* 1730
* 1735
* Posavska Krajina Rebellion
* Podunavska Krajina Rebellion
* Pomorišje Uprising
* 1736
* 1739
* 1743
* 1748
* 1751–58
* Petar Ljubojević's Revolt (1754–55)
* 1777
* Tican's Rebellion (1807)
* Kruščica Rebellion (1808)
* Serb Uprising (1848–49)
* Krivošije Uprising (1869)
* 1870
* Herzegovina Uprising (1881–82)
* 1883

Venetian Dalmatia
(Croatia)|

* Kuridža's Rebellion (1704)

See also: Serbian revolutionary organisations, Military history of Serbia

* v
* t
* e

Rebellions in the Ottoman Empire

Rise (1299–1453)|

* Sheikh Bedreddin rebellion (1416–20)
* Uprising of Konstantin and Fruzhin (1404–18)
* Skanderbeg's rebellion (1443–68)
* Buçuktepe rebellion (1446)

Classical Age (1453–1550)|

* Şahkulu Rebellion (1511)
* Nur Ali Halife rebellion (1512)
* Nasir al-Din rebellion (1518)
* Celali rebellions (1519)
* Expeditions against the Druze (1523–1524)
* Baba Zünnun Rebellion (1526)
* Kalender Çelebi rebellion (1527)

Transformation (1550–1700)|

* Mariovo and Prilep Rebellion (1564–65)
* Expedition against the Druze (1565)
* Revolts of 1565–1572
* Expeditions against the Druze (1574–1576)
* Theodoros Boua Grivas revolt (1585)
* Expedition against the Druze (1585)
* Cairo Rebellion (1586)
* Beylerbeyi Event (1589)
* Celali rebellions (1590–1610)
* Uprising in Banat (1594)
* Himara Revolt (1596)
* Serb Uprising (1596–97)
* First Tarnovo Uprising (1598)
* Thessaly Rebellion (1600)
* Mamluk Rebellion (1609)
* Epirus revolt (1611)
* Druze rebellion (1623)
* Abaza rebellions (1624, 1627)
* Druze rebellion (1642)
* Atmeydanı Incident (1648)
* Çınar Incident (1656)
* Abaza Hasan Revolt (1658–1659)
* Druze power struggle (1658–1667)
* Second Tarnovo Uprising (1686)
* Chiprovtsi uprising (1688)
* Karposh's rebellion (1689)

Old Regime (1700–1789)|

* Edirne event (1703)
* Naousa uprising (1705)
* The Great Insurrection (1707–11)
* Karamanli revolt (1711)
* Uprising in Vučitrn (1717)
* Patrona Halil Rebellion (1730)
* Serb Uprising (1737–39)
* Orlov Revolt (1770)
* Koča's frontier rebellion (1788)
* Tripolitanian civil war (1793–1795)

Decline (1789–1908)|

* Dahije in Belgrade (1801–04)
* First Serbian Uprising (1804–13)
* Kabakçı Mustafa rebellion (1807)
* Jančić's Rebellion (1809)
* Hadži-Prodan's Rebellion (1814)
* Second Serbian Uprising (1815-17)
* Wallachian Uprising (1821)
* Niš Rebellion (1821)
* Greek War of Independence (1821–29)
* Atçalı Kel Mehmet revolt (1830)
* Bosnian uprising (1831–33)
* Bilmez Rebellion (1832–33)
* Laz rebellion (1832–34)
* Shkodër Rebellion (1833)
* Priest Jovica's Rebellion (1834)
* Second Mašići Rebellion (1834)
* Syrian Peasant Revolt (1834-35)
* Tripolitanian revolt (1835–1858)
* Posavina Rebellion (1836)
* Livno Rebellion (1836)
* Pirot Rebellion (1836)
* Berkovitsa Rebellion (1836)
* Belogradchik Rebellion (1836)
* Vlora Rebellion (1836)
* Druze revolt (1838)
* Diber Rebellion (1838–39)
* Cretan Revolt (1841)
* Niš Rebellion (1841)
* Uprising of Dervish Cara (1843–44)
* Albanian Revolt (1845)
* Albanian Revolt (1847)
* Herzegovina Uprising (1852–62)
* Epirus Revolt (1854)
* Greek Macedonian rebellion of 1854 (1854)
* Doljani Revolt (1858)
* Mount Lebanon civil conflict (1860)
* Cretan Revolt (1866–69)
* Greek Macedonian rebellion of 1867 (1866–67)
* Herzegovina Uprising (1875–77)
* Bulgarian April uprising (1876)
* Razlovtsi insurrection (1876)
* Kumanovo Uprising (1878)
* 1878 Macedonian rebellion (1878)
* Cretan Revolt (1878)
* Kresna–Razlog Uprising (1878–79)
* Epirus Revolt (1878)
* Thessaly Revolt (1878)
* Ulcinj rebellion (1878)
* Brsjak Revolt (1880–81)
* Cretan Revolt (1896–97)
* 1896–1897 Macedonian rebellion (1896–97)
* Cretan Revolt (1897–98)
* Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising (1903)
* Shoubak revolt (1905)
* Theriso revolt (1905)
* Mesopotamia uprising (1906)
* Bitlis uprising (1907)

Dissolution (1908–1922)|

* Young Turk Revolution (1908)
* Hamawand rebellion (1908–10)
* Al-Bejat Revolution (1909)
* 31 March Incident (1909)
* Hauran Druze Rebellion (1909)
* Zaraniq rebellion (1909–1910) (1910)
* Karak revolt (1910)
* Albanian revolt of 1910 (1910)
* Malissori uprising (1911)
* Albanian revolt of 1912 (1912)
* Savior Officers (1912)
* Raid on the Sublime Porte (1913)
* Euphrates rebellion (1913)
* Bitlis uprising (1914)
* Kurdish rebellions during World War I (1914–18)
* Uprising in Karbala (1915)
* Arab Revolt (1916–18)
* Uprising in Hilla (1916)
* Koçgiri rebellion (1921)

* v
* t
* e

Wars and battles involving Serbs

Medieval|

| Serbian–Bulgarian|

* Bulgar–Serb War (839–842)
* Bulgar–Serb War (853)
* Bulgarian–Serbian wars of 917–924
* Bulgarian–Serbian border revolt
* Bulgarian-Serb War (998)
* Bulgarian-Serbian War (1202)
* Bulgarian-Serbian War (1203)
* Bulgarian-Serbian War (1290)
* Bulgarian-Serbian War (1291)
* Bulgarian-Serbian War (1330)
* Battle of Velbazhd

|

Serbian–Ottoman|

* Early skirmishes
* Battle of Gallipoli
* Battle of Stephaniana
* Battle of Demotika in 1352
* Battle of Sırp Sındığı in 1364
* Fall of the Serbian Empire
* Battle of Maritsa in 1371
* Battle of Dubravnica in 1381
* Battle of Savra in 1385
* Battle of Pločnik in 1386
* Battle of Kosovo in 1389
* Serbian Despotate
* Battle of Karanovasa
* Battle of Tripolje in 1402
* Siege of Novo Brdo in 1412
* Battle of Vitosha Pass in 1413
* Battle of Carmorlu
* First Scutari War
* Second Scutari War
* Ottoman invasion of Serbia in 1425
* Ottoman invasion of Serbia in 1427
* Ottoman invasion of Serbia in 1437
* Battle of Trnava (1430)
* Ottoman invasion of Serbia in 1438
* Ottoman invasion of Serbia (1439–1444)
* Crusade of Varna
* Battle of Nish (1443)
* Battle of Zlatitsa in 1443
* Battle of Kunovica in 1444
* Ottoman invasion of Serbia (1454–1455)
* Battle of Kruševac in 1454
* Battle of Leskovac in 1454
* Ottoman invasion of Serbia in 1456
* Siege of Belgrade
* Siege of Smederevo
* Ottoman invasion and conquest of Serbia in 1459
* Battle of Breadfield in 1479
* Ottoman conquest of Zeta in 1499

Serbian–Byzantine|

* Serb Uprising of 1038–1042
* Battle of Bar
* Slav Uprising in Pomoravlje
* Battle of Zvečan (1094)
* Battle of Haram
* Siege of Ras (1127)
* Battle of Tara (1150)
* Byzantine–Hungarian War (1149–1155)
* Siege of Braničevo (1154)
* Battle of Pantina
* Byzantine–Hungarian War (1127–1129)
* Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328
* Serbian invasion of Macedonia led by Syrgiannes Palaiologos (1334)
* Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347

Other|

* Hungarian invasions of Europe
* Magyar–Serb conflict
* Byzantine–Hungarian War (1127–1129)
* Battle of Sirmium
* Battle of Gacko
* Serbian conflict with the Nogai Horde
* Mongol invasion of Bulgaria and Serbia
* Mačva War
* Hungarian–Serbian War (1321-1324)
* War of Hum (1326–1329)
* Serbian civil war of 1331
* Serbian nobility conflict (1369)
* Battle of Rovine
* Battle of Nicopolis
* Battle of Ankara
* Battle of Kosmidion
* Battle of Çamurlu
* Battle of Despotovac
* Siege of Belgrade (1440)
* Battle of Kosovo (1448)
* Fall of Constantinople

Foreign rule|

| Habsburgs|

* Jovan Nenad's uprising
* Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528
* Battle of Szőlős
* Battle of Sződfalva
* Battle of Keresztes
* Great Turkish War
* Siege of Belgrade (1688)
* Battle of Batočina
* Battle of Niš (1689)
* Siege of Belgrade (1690)
* Battle of Lugos
* Rákóczi's War of Independence
* Battle of Saint Gotthard (1705)
* Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718)
* Siege of Belgrade (1717)
* Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739)
* Battle of Zsibó
* Battle of Trenčín
* Battle of Petrovaradin
* Battle of Banja Luka
* Austro-Turkish War (1788–1791)

|

Ottomans|

* Long War (Ottoman wars) (1593–1606)
* Banat Uprising (1594)
* Serb Uprising of 1596–1597
* Battle of Mohács (1687)
* Uprising in Vučitrn
* Serb uprising of 1737–1739
* Kočina Krajina Serb rebellion
* Battle of Martinići (1796)
* Battle of Krusi
* Battle of Lopate

Venice|

* Morean War
* Cretan War (1645–1669)
* Great Turkish War
* Battle on Vrtijeljka
* Battle of Slankamen
* Battle of Senta

Russia|

* Serbian Hussar Regiment
* Pruth River Campaign
* War of the Polish Succession
* Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743)
* Seven Years' War

19th century|

| Serbian Revolution|

* First Serbian Uprising
* Vračar
* Rudnik
* Svileuva
* Batočina and Jagodina
* Kragujevac
* Drlupa
* Čokešina
* Šabac
* Požarevac
* Karanovac
* Adakale
* Ivankovac
* Rudnik
* Vrbica
* Mišar
* Deligrad
* Belgrade (1806)
* Liberation of Belgrade
* Loznica
* Malajnica and Štubik
* Čegar
* Jasika
* Prahovo
* Suvodol
* Drina
* Varvarin
* Loznica
* Mačva
* Ravnje
* Hadži Prodan's Revolt
* Second Serbian Uprising
* Ljubić
* Čačak
* Palež
* Požarevac
* Rudnik
* Družetić
* Kragujevac
* Jagodina
* Karanovac
* Batočina
* Užice
* Valjevo
* Batočina

|

Ottoman|

* Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1852–1853)
* Battle of Grahovac
* Battle of Kolašin
* Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1861–1862)
* Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1876–1878)
* Battle of Vučji Do
* Battle of Fundina
* Battles for Plav and Gusinje
* Velika attacks
* Battle of Novšiće
* Battle of Murino

Other|

* Kumanovo uprising
* Adriatic campaign of 1807–1814
* Jančić's rebellion
* Priest Jovica's Rebellion
* Several battles of Hungarian Revolution of 1848
* Battle of Vršac (1849)
* Serbian-Turkish Wars (1876–1878)
* Battle of Vranje
* Siege of Cattaro
* Herzegovina uprising (1852–1862)
* Krivošije uprising (1869)
* Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)
* AU-BiH War
* Battle of Jajce (1878)
* Battle of Vitez (1878)
* Battle of Sarajevo (1878)
* Serbo-Bulgarian War
* Battle of Pirot
* Battle of Slivnitsa

20th century|

| Macedonian Struggle|

* Fight on Šuplji Kamen
* Fight on Čelopek
* Fight in Tabanovce
* Fight in Velika Hoča
* Fight on Čelopek (1906)
* Battle of Pirot (1913)

|

Balkan Wars|

* First Balkan War
* Battle of Kumanovo
* Battle of Prilep
* Battle of Monastir
* Siege of Scutari
* Siege of Adrianople
* Siege of Odrin (1912–1913)
* Second Balkan War
* Battle of Bregalnica
* Battle of Kalimanci
* Battle of Knjaževac
* Siege of Vidin (1913)
* Ohrid–Debar uprising

World War I|

* Montenegrin campaign
* Battle of Mojkovac
* Battle of Lovćen
* Serbian campaign
* Battle of Cer
* Battle of the Crna Bend (1916)
* Battle of Bazargic
* Battle of Dobro Pole
* Battle of the Drina
* Battle of Florina
* Battle of Kaymakchalan
* Battle of Kolubara
* Kosovo offensive (1915)
* Liberation of Serbia, Albania and Montenegro (1918)
* Battle of Malka Nidzhe
* Macedonian front
* Monastir offensive
* Morava Offensive
* Ovče Pole Offensive
* Vardar offensive
* Srem Offensive
* Toplica Uprising

Interwar|

* Carinthia War
* Uprising in Drenica
* Christmas Uprising
* Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
* Albanian-Yugoslav Border War (1921)
* Drenica-Junik Uprising

World War II|

* Invasion of Yugoslavia
* Uprising in Serbia (1941)
* Uprising in Montenegro (1941)
* June 1941 uprising in eastern Herzegovina
* Battle of Novi Pazar
* Battle of Pljevlja
* Battle of Kozara
* Battle of Loznica (1941)
* Battle of Livno
* Battle of Neretva
* Battle of the Sutjeska
* Raid on Drvar
* Battle of Knin
* Battle of Mostar
* Battle of Lijevče Field
* 1942 Montenegro offensive
* Bihać Operation
* Battle of Batina
* Belgrade Offensive
* Capture of Banja Koviljača
* Case Black
* Case White
* Operation Draufgänger
* Kozara Offensive
* Battle of Kupres (1942)
* Battle of Višegrad
* Mostar operation
* Nagykanizsa–Körmend Offensive
* Niš operation
* Battle of Odžak
* Capture of Olovo (1941)
* Operation Alfa
* Operation Delphin
* Operation Kopaonik
* Operation Kugelblitz
* Operation Mihailovic
* Operation Southeast Croatia
* Operation Trio
* Operation Uzice
* Battle of Poljana
* Operation Prijedor
* Siege of Rogatica (1941)
* Operation Rösselsprung (1944)
* Kosovo Operation (1944)
* Operation Spring Awakening
* Srb uprising
* Stratsin-Kumanovo operation
* Syrmian Front
* Battle of Zvornik
* Battle of Sarajevo (1945)
* Battle of Zelengora

Croatian War|

* Pakrac clash
* Plitvice Lakes incident
* Battle of Borovo Selo
* Operation Stinger
* 1991 Yugoslav campaign in Croatia
* Battle of Osijek
* Battle of Vukovar
* Battle of Gospić
* Battle of Šibenik
* Battle of Zadar
* Battle of Kusonje
* Battle of the Barracks
* Siege of Varaždin Barracks
* Siege of Bjelovar Barracks
* Battle of the Dalmatian Channels
* Siege of Dubrovnik
* Operation Otkos 10
* Operation Orkan 91
* Operation Whirlwind
* Operation Baranja
* Operation Jackal
* Battle of the Miljevci Plateau
* Operation Tiger
* Operation Maslenica
* Operation Medak Pocket
* Operation Winter '94
* Operation Flash
* Operation Summer '95
* Operation Storm

Bosnian War|

* Battle of Bosanski Brod
* Battle of Kupres
* Siege of Sarajevo
* Siege of Srebrenica
* Siege of Goražde
* Siege of Doboj
* Operation Jackal
* Siege of Bihać (1992–95)
* Operation Vrbas '92
* Operation Corridor 92
* Operation Bura
* Kravica attack
* Siege of Mostar
* Operation Irma
* Operation Bøllebank
* Operation Tiger
* Battle of Kupres
* Operation Amanda
* Operation Spider
* Operation Winter '94
* Battle of Vlašić
* Operation Leap 1
* Battle of Orašje
* Operation Leap 2
* Operation Summer '95
* Battle of Vrbanja Bridge
* Battle of Vozuća
* Operation Miracle
* Operation Mistral 2
* Operation Sana
* Operation Una
* Operation Southern Move
* NATO intervention in Bosnia and Herzegovina
* 1995 Pale air strikes
* Operation Deny Flight
* Operation Deliberate Force
* Operation Maritime Monitor

Kosovo War|

* Insurgency in Kosovo
* Albanian–Yugoslav border incident (December 1998)
* Albania–Yugoslav border incident (April 1999)
* April 23, 1998, Albanian–Yugoslav border ambush
* Attack on Orahovac
* Attack on Prekaz
* Battle of Lođa
* Battle of Oraovica
* Battle of Belaćevac Mine
* Battle of Podujevo
* December 14, 1998, Albanian–Yugoslav border ambush
* Battle of Glođane
* July 18, 1998, Albanian–Yugoslav border clashes
* Battle of Junik
* Battle of Košare
* Insurgency in the Preševo Valley
* Prizren incident (1999)
* NATO bombing of Yugoslavia
* Dubrava Prison bombings and executions
* 1999 F-117A shootdown

21st century|

| Peacekeeping|

* Central African Republic
* Cyprus
* DR Congo
* Ivory Coast
* Lebanon
* Liberia
* Mali
* Somalia

|

Authority control databases: National |

* United States
* Czech Republic
* Israel

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