Five Mountains of Korea

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The Five Mountains of Korea (Korean: 오악; Hanja: 五嶽; RR: Oak) are five renowned mountains in Korean culture.

## Joseon era[edit]

Kumgang-san, Myohyang-san, and Paektu-san are under North Korean control, while Samgak-san (renamed Bukhan-san) and Jiri-san are under South Korean control.[1]

* Center - Samgak-san (삼각산, 三角山)
* North - Paektu-san (백두산, 白頭山)
* South - Jiri-san (지리산, 智異山)
* East - Kumgang-san (금강산, 金剛山)
* West - Myohyang-san (묘향산, 妙香山)

## Silla era[edit]

In Silla times, these mountains were considered as guardians of the country, so ceremonial rituals were held by these mountains. All of these mountains are within South Korea.[2]

* Center - Palgong-san (팔공산, 八公山)
* North - Taebaek-san (태백산, 太白山)
* South - Jiri-san (지리산, 智異山)
* East - Toham-san (토함산, 吐含山)
* West - Gyeryong-san (계룡산, 鷄龍山)

## North Korean list[edit]

In North Korea, the following are known as the five famous mountains.[3] Of them, only Jiri-san is in South Korea.

* Paektu-san (백두산, 白頭山)
* Kumgang-san (금강산, 金剛山)
* Myohyang-san (묘향산, 妙香山)
* Kuwol-san (구월산, 九月山)
* Jiri-san (지리산, 智異山)

Occasionally a sixth one, Chilbo-san (칠보산, 七寶山) in North Korea, is added to reach a list of six famous mountains.[4]

## Five Peaks of Gyeonggi[edit]

These five mountains are considered as "the representative peaks of Gyeonggi-do". All of them are in South Korea, except Song'ak-san which is in North Korean territory.

* Gamak-san (감악산, 紺岳山)
* Gwanak-san (관악산, 冠岳山)
* Hwaak-san (화악산, 華岳山)
* Song'ak-san (송악산, 松岳山)
* Unak-san (운악산, 雲岳山)

## See also[edit]

* Sacred Mountains of China, for five sacred mountains revered in Chinese culture
* Baekdu-daegan, the mountain range that stretches down the length of the Korean peninsula

## References[edit]

1. ^ 1 course Gyeongbokgung: Shinsu(sacred animal) Expedition
2. ^ Silla: Korea's Golden Kingdom
3. ^ "Nature on Mt. Kuwol". KCNA. 10 November 1997. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
4. ^ Kim Un Jong (2019). "Mt Kuwol" (PDF). Korea Today. No. 2\. p. 46\. ISSN 0454-4072.