Five Red Categories

Chinese socioeconomic classes for affirmative action during the Cultural Revolution

The "Five Red Categories" (Chinese: 红五类; pinyin: Hóngwǔlèi) during the Chinese Cultural Revolution (1966–1976) were the social classes favoured by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), as opposed to the Five Black Categories that were classified as potential threats or enemies. In the beginning of the Cultural Revolution, Red Guards were only allowed to come from the "Five Red Categories". These included:

* Poor and lower-middle peasants (贫下中农; pín xiàzhōngnóng)
* Workers (工人; gōngrén)
* Revolutionary soldiers (革命军人; gémìng jūnrén) within the People's Liberation Army
* Revolutionary cadres (革命干部; gémìng gànbù)[1][2] who are active members of the CCP in good standing
* Revolutionary martyrs (革命烈士; gémìng lièshì), including immediate family members, children, grandchildren (if any) and relatives of deceased CCP members and PLA service personnel killed in action[1][3]

## See also

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* Five Black Categories
* Stinking Old Ninth

## References

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1. ^ a b Cao, Pei. "文革中的我和我家". Chinese University of Hong Kong. Retrieved 2020-06-30.
2. ^ Luo, Weinian (2016-05-16). 红墙: 文革五十周年纪实文集 (in Chinese). 世界华语出版社. ISBN 978-1-940266-10-7.
3. ^ Yang, Jishen (2017-07-04). 天地翻覆: 中国文化大革命历史 (in Chinese). 天地图书.

## Further reading

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* Sullivan, Lawrence R. (2012). Historical Dictionary of the Chinese Communist Party. The Scarecrow Press. p. 104.

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Cultural Revolution

Prelude|

* Anti-Rightist Campaign
* Great Chinese Famine
* Great Leap Forward
* Lushan Conference
* Seven Thousand Cadres Conference
* Socialist Education Movement
* Fengqiao experience
* Taoyuan Experience

Major events|

* Down to the Countryside Movement
* Cleansing the Class Ranks
* 12-3 incident
* January Storm
* February Countercurrent
* Great Exchange of Revolutionary Experience
* Wuhan incident
* Smashing gong-jian-fa
* 9th Party Congress
* One Strike-Three Anti Campaign
* Abolition of the presidency in China
* Project 571
* Lin Biao incident
* 10th Party Congress
* Black Painting incident
* Criticize Lin, Criticize Confucius
* Snail Incident
* Hangzhou incident
* 1975 Banqiao Dam failure
* Counterattack the Right-Deviationist Reversal-of-Verdicts Trend
* 1976 Nanjing incident
* 1976 Tiananmen Incident
* Smashing the Gang of Four

Massacres|

* Red August
* Daxing Massacre
* Guangxi Massacre
* Inner Mongolia incident
* Guangdong Massacre
* Yangjiang Massacre
* Hunan Massacres
* Daoxian massacre
* Shaoyang County Massacre
* Yunnan Massacres
* Zhao Jianmin spy case
* Shadian incident
* Ruijin Massacre
* Qinghai 223 Incident

Key figures|

* Mao Zedong
* Liu Shaoqi
* Zhou Enlai
* Lin Biao
* Deng Xiaoping
* Gang of Four (Jiang Qing
* Zhang Chunqiao
* Yao Wenyuan
* Wang Hongwen)
* Peng Dehuai
* Wu Han
* Peng Zhen
* Tao Zhu
* Chen Boda
* Wang Dongxing
* Xie Fuzhi
* Ji Dengkui
* Wang Li
* Qi Benyu
* Wu Faxian
* Qiu Huizuo
* Yang Chengwu
* Chen Zaidao
* Kang Sheng
* Mao Yuanxin
* Hua Guofeng
* Ye Jianying

Documents|

* 1970 Draft Constitution
* A List of Cadres to Be Protected
* Bombard the Headquarters
* Quotations from Chairman Mao
* Hai Rui Dismissed from Office
* May 16 Notification
* Six Articles of Public Security
* Sweep Away All Cow Demons and Snake Spirits
* On Class Origins
* "With you in charge, I'm at ease"

Concepts|

* Four Olds
* Newborn socialist things
* Struggle session
* Feudal fascism
* Big-character poster
* Cow demons and snake spirits
* Bloodline theory
* Continuous Revolution Theory
* Seizure of power
* Violent Struggle
* One Divides into Two
* Democracy Wall
* Eight model plays
* Loyalty dance
* Capitalist roader
* Yiku sitian
* Learn from Daqing in industry
* Learn from Dazhai in agriculture
* Stinking Old Ninth
* Five Black Categories
* Five Red Categories
* Two Newspapers and One Journal

Groups|

* Red Guards
* Conservative Faction
* Little Red Guards
* Rebel Faction
* Scarlet Guards
* Ultra-Left Faction
* Xiaoyao Faction
* May Sixteenth elements
* Five Man Group
* Cultural Revolution Group
* Central Case Examination Group
* Central Organization and Propaganda Leading Group
* Hunan Provincial Proletarian Revolutionary Great Alliance Committee
* Revolutionary committee
* in Beijing
* in Fujian
* in Heilongjiang
* in Shanghai
* 8341 Special Regiment
* Sent-down youth
* 61 Renegades
* Barefoot doctor
* Worker-Peasant-Soldier student
* May Seventh Cadre School
* Xiang River Storm and Thunder

Related topics|

* Maoism
* Mao Zedong's cult of personality
* Mango cult
* List of campaigns of the Chinese Communist Party
* Class struggle
* Sino-Soviet split
* Two Whatevers
* Morning Sun (film)
* Third Plenum of the 11th Central Committee
* Boluan Fanzheng
* New Enlightenment
* Scar literature
* Evaluation of the Cultural Revolution

* Category

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