Foreign relations of Barbados

Politics of Barbados

Constitution

* Human rights

Executive

* President (list)

Dame Sandra Mason
* Prime Minister (list)

Mia Mottley
* Cabinet
* Ministries

Legislature

* House of Assembly

Speaker: Arthur Holder
* Senate

President: Reginald Farley
Leader
* Opposition

Leader: Bishop Joseph J. S. Atherley
* Legislation

Judiciary

* Caribbean Court of Justice
* Supreme Court

Chief Justice: Marston Gibson
* Court of Appeal
* High Court
* Magistrates courts
* Barbados law

Human rights

Elections

* Recent elections

* General: 2018
* 2022
* Next

* Presidential: 2021

* Constituencies
* Political parties

Administrative divisions

* Parishes
* Parliamentary constituencies

Constituency Councils

Foreign relations

* Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade and International Business
* Minister: Kerrie Symmonds

* * *

* Diplomatic missions of / in Barbados

* * *

* Nationality law
* Passport
* Visa requirements
* Visa policy

Historical

* Treaty of Oistins
* Monarchy
* Governor-General
* Judicial Committee of the Privy Council
* Colonial Barbados
* Governor
* Colonial Secretary
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Mayor of Bridgetown
Bridgetown City Council

* Other countries

* v
* t
* e

This article deals with the diplomatic affairs, foreign policy and international relations of Barbados.

At the political level, these matters are officially handled by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which answers to the Prime Minister. The Minister of Foreign Affairs is Kerrie Symmonds.

Barbados is a moderate political and economic power in the Caribbean region.

Between independence in 1966 and the 1990s, Barbados has used a pro business and investment policy to expand its influence in the world. Through the usage of its network of international bilateral relations, the country has been able to maintain an independent foreign policy. Barbados' recent policy has been to focus and strengthen ties with nations that country feels will enhance its diplomacy or foreign trade. Barbados has sought to engage in multilateral diplomacy through the United Nations, the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), the Association of Caribbean States (ACS), the group of ACP countries, the Organization of American States, and several other agencies which it is engaged. In 2008 Barbados and the other members of CARICOM signed an Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) with the European Union and its European Commission.[1] The deal covers CARICOM's membership in the Caribbean Forum (CARIFORUM). CARIFORUM in turn is a part of the Group of African, Caribbean, and Pacific (ACP) States. The agreement outlines Barbados' future development and trade ties with the European Union, and serves as a blueprint for future relations between both trading blocs under the Cotonou Agreement and the Lomé Convention.[2]

Barbados has placed an emphasis on a furtherance of relations with the nations of Africa where the majority of islanders have ancestral connection.[3][4][5][6][7] A prior CARICOM-Africa summit were held with future agenda to be formulated.[8][9]

As a small nation, the primary thrust of Barbados' diplomatic activity has been within international organisations. Currently Barbados has established official diplomatic relations with 105 countries around the globe.

## History

[edit]

In 1965, Barbados, Antigua and Barbuda, Guyana, and Trinidad and Tobago established the Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA). Following independence from the United Kingdom in 1966, Barbados went on to become a founding member of many other international organizations.

On 4 July 1973, the founding nations of Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, and Jamaica signed the original Treaty of Chaguaramas in Trinidad thus establishing the Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM). The agreement to establish CARICOM wound up succeeded the CARIFTA organisation. By the following year many of the remaining English-speaking Caribbean states followed suit and also joined CARICOM by May 1974, bring it slowly to the 15 members it has today.

Barbados also is a member of the Caribbean Development Bank (CDB), established in 1970, with headquarters in Wildey, Saint Michael (Bridgetown). The eastern Caribbean's Regional Security System (RSS), which associates Barbados with six nations of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) is also based in Barbados. In July 1994, Barbados joined the newly established Association of Caribbean States (ACS).

In 2002 the United Nations opened a building in the Marine Gardens area of Hastings found in the Parish of Christ Church the facility simply called the United Nations House acts as a regional operations headquarters for several programmes of the United Nations in Barbados and for many of the other islands in the Eastern Caribbean region.[10]

## Diplomatic relations

[edit]

List of countries which Barbados maintains diplomatic relations with:

#  | Country  | Date[11]
1  |  Canada | 30 November 1966
2  |  Guyana | 30 November 1966
3  |  India | 30 November 1966
4  |  Jamaica | 30 November 1966
5  |  Trinidad and Tobago | 30 November 1966
6  |  United Kingdom | 30 November 1966
7  |  United States | 30 November 1966
8  |  Germany | 14 March 1967
9  |  Israel | 29 August 1967
10  |  Japan | 29 August 1967
11  |  Chile | 3 October 1967
12  |  Austria | 27 November 1967
13  |  Uruguay | 6 December 1967
14  |  Peru | 27 November 1967
15  |  France | 3 May 1968
16  |  Argentina | 16 August 1968
17  |  Venezuela | 21 November 1968
18  |  Netherlands | 12 December 1969
19  |  Nigeria | 24 April 1970
20  |  Belgium | 30 October 1970
21  |  Zambia | 1 March 1971
22  |  Tanzania | 8 March 1971
23  |  Brazil | 26 November 1971
24  |  Colombia | 28 January 1972
25  |  Cyprus | 27 February 1972
26  |  Costa Rica | 6 March 1972
27  |  Haiti | 5 August 1972
28  |  Dominican Republic | 8 August 1972
29  |  Mexico | 11 September 1972
30  |  Turkey | 20 September 1972
31  |  Cuba | 12 December 1972
32  |  Bahamas | 10 July 1973
33  |  Australia | 7 January 1974
34  |  Bangladesh | 20 February 1974
35  |  Grenada | 3 March 1974
36  |  New Zealand | 28 August 1974
37  |  Mauritius | 14 December 1974
38  |  Panama | 28 August 1975
39  |  Nicaragua | 8 November 1975
40  |  Senegal | 18 March 1976
41  |  Sweden | 19 March 1976
42  |  Norway | 23 March 1976
43  |  Luxembourg | 5 May 1977
44  |  China | 30 May 1977
45  |  Italy | 23 August 1977
46  |  Romania | 11 September 1977
47  |  Czech Republic | 29 September 1977[12]
48  |  South Korea | 15 November 1977
49  |  Serbia | 15 November 1977[13]
50  |  Finland | 1 December 1977
51  |  North Korea | 5 December 1977
52  |  Iran | 1 March 1978[12]
53  |  Hungary | 8 March 1978
54  |  Suriname | 8 March 1978
55  |  Ecuador | 23 June 1978
56  |  Dominica | 3 November 1978
57  |  Saint Lucia | 22 February 1979
58  |  Iceland | 9 April 1979
—  |  Holy See | 17 April 1979
59  |  Algeria | 18 April 1979
60  |  Niger | 25 June 1979
61  |  Denmark | 20 August 1979
62  |  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 27 October 1979
63  |  Lesotho | 25 November 1979
64  |  Switzerland | 4 March 1980
65  |  Belize | 21 September 1980
66  |  Spain | 29 September 1980[12]
67  |  Antigua & Barbuda | 1 November 1981
68  |  Iraq | 17 December 1981
69  |  Albania | 19 May 1983
70  |  Saint Kitts and Nevis | 19 September 1983
71  |  Bolivia | 2 February 1984
72  |  Greece | 23 March 1987[12]
73  |  Thailand | 22 November 1988[12]
74  |  Portugal | 23 February 1989
75  |  Maldives | 30 November 1989[12]
76  |  Guatemala | 27 January 1992[12]
77  |  Bulgaria | 12 March 1992[12]
78  |  Namibia | 6 April 1992
79  |  Malaysia | 10 April 1992
80  |  Honduras | 7 December 1992
81  |  Russia | 29 January 1993[12]
82  |  Marshall Islands | 23 March 1993[12]
83  |  Ukraine | 13 April 1993[12]
84  |  Paraguay | 27 May 1993
85  |  South Africa | 4 January 1994
86  |  Slovakia | 14 April 1994[12]
87  |  El Salvador | 18 May 1994
88  |  Ghana | August 1994
89  |  Kuwait | 22 August 1995
90  |  Vietnam | 25 August 1995[12]
91  |  United Arab Emirates | 8 January 1996
92  |  Poland | 13 December 1996[12]
93  |  Singapore | 19 December 1996
94  |  Croatia | 11 July 1997[12]
95  |  Ireland | 3 May 2001[12]
96  |  Malta | 21 October 2005[12]
97  |  Egypt | 3 November 2006
98  |  Botswana | 20 December 2006[12]
99  |  Qatar | 4 December 2007[12]
100  |  Saudi Arabia | 17 December 2007[12]
101  |  Slovenia | 18 December 2007[12]
102  |  Bahrain | 12 March 2008[12]
103  |  Estonia | 15 May 2008
104  |  Latvia | 15 May 2008
105  |  Lithuania | 16 March 2009[12]
106  |  Philippines | 22 June 2009[12]
107  |  Morocco | 17 April 2013[12]
108  |  Kenya | 3 September 2014[14]
109  |  Rwanda | 28 July 2015[15]
110  |  Fiji | 19 June 2017[12]
111  |  Georgia | 8 March 2018[12]
—  |  Kosovo | 9 March 2018[16]
112  |  Kazakhstan | 27 March 2018[17]
113  |  Monaco | 5 December 2018[12]
114  |  Mongolia | 17 January 2019[12]
115  |  Indonesia | 26 June 2019[12]
116  |  Sri Lanka | 28 June 2019[12]
117  |  Azerbaijan | 2 August 2019[12]
118  |  Bosnia and Herzegovina | 6 August 2019[12]
119  |  San Marino | 3 October 2019[18]
120  |  Tajikistan | 8 November 2019[12]
121  |  Cambodia | 11 November 2019[12]
122  |  Belarus | 10 December 2019[19]
123  |  Moldova | 10 February 2020[12]
124  |  Montenegro | 19 February 2020[12]
125  |  Andorra | 21 June 2021[12]
126  |  Mali | 22 July 2021[12]
127  |  Nepal | 8 December 2021[12]
128  |  Cape Verde | 21 July 2022[20]
129  |  Angola | 17 August 2022[12]
130  |  Solomon Islands | 19 September 2022[12]
131  |  Liberia | 27 February 2024[21]
—  |  State of Palestine | 11 June 2024[12]

## Bilateral relations

[edit]

### Africa

[edit]

Country  | Formal Relations Began  | Notes

|
|

Lesotho | -Nov-25 1979 |

* Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 November 1979.[22]
* Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations.

Nigeria | 1970-Apr-24 | See Barbados–Nigeria relations

* Nigeria is accredited to Barbados from its embassy in Port of Spain, (Trinidad and Tobago).
* Currently the Barbadian Government does not have foreign accreditation for Nigeria. However the Nigerian Government has said that it was highly desirous of Barbados establishing an embassy directly to Nigeria.[23] Barbados and Nigeria formally established diplomatic relations on 24 April 1970.[24]
* Nigeria has pushed for more investment from Barbadian companies and investors and the pursuance of direct flights between both nations.[25][26]

### Americas

[edit]

Country  | Formal Relations Began  | Notes

|
|

Antigua and Barbuda | 1981-Nov-01  |

See also: Barbados and CARICOM

Antigua & Barbuda and Barbados were once both commonwealth realms (until Barbados became a republic in 2021), members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations. The establishment of diplomatic relations between Barbados and Antigua and Barbuda started on 1 November 1981.

* Antigua and Barbuda has a non-resident High Commissioner from St. Johns, Antigua.
* Barbados has a non-resident High Commissioner from Bridgetown, Barbados.

Argentina | 1968-Aug-16  |

* Argentina is represented in Barbados through its embassy in Bridgetown.[27]
* Barbados is represented in Argentina through its embassy in Caracas (Venezuela) and its honorary consulate in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
* Both countries are full members of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) the United Nations and the Group of 77.
* Argentine Ministry of Foreign Relation: list of bilateral treaties with Barbados (in Spanish only)

Bahamas | 1973-Jul-10  |

See also: Barbados and CARICOM

The Commonwealth of the Bahamas were once both commonwealth realms (until Barbados became a republic in 2021), members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations. Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 July 1973.[28]

* The Commonwealth of the Bahamas is accredited to Barbados through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Nassau,[29] and an Honorary Consulate at St. James in Barbados.[30]
* Barbados is accredited to the Commonwealth of the Bahamas through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Bridgetown,[31] and an Honorary Consulate in New Providence.[32]

Belize | 1981-Sep-21  |

See also: Barbados and CARICOM

Barbados and Belize were once both commonwealth realms (until Barbados became a republic in 2021), members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations.

Brazil | 1971-Nov-26 | See Barbados–Brazil relations
Canada | 1966-Nov-30 | See Barbados–Canada relations

Barbados and Canada were once both commonwealth realms (until Barbados became a republic in 2021), members of: the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, the Organization of American States, and the United Nations.

In 1907, the Government of Canada opened a Trade Commissioner Service to the Caribbean region located in Bridgetown, Barbados.

* Following Barbadian independence from the United Kingdom in November 1966, the Canadian High Commission was established in Bridgetown, Barbados in 1967.
* There is a Barbadian High Commission in Ottawa and a consulate in Toronto.

Chile | 1967-Oct-03 |

Barbados is accredited in Chile through its embassy in Caracas, (Venezuela). Chile is accredited to Barbados from its embassy in Port of Spain, (Trinidad and Tobago) and maintains an honorary consulate in Bridgetown. Barbados and Chile formally established diplomatic relations on 3 October 1967.[33] Chile was the first Latin American country which Barbados formally established formal diplomatic relations.[34][35]

Dominica | 1978-Nov-03  |

See also: Barbados and CARICOM

Barbados and the Commonwealth of Dominica are members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations. Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 November 1978.[22]

* Barbados is represented in the Commonwealth of Dominica, through its High Commissioner in Bridgetown.

Grenada | 1974-Mar-03  |

See also: Barbados and CARICOM

Barbados and Grenada are two of sixteen commonwealth realms, members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations.

Guyana | 1966-Nov-30 | See Barbados–Guyana relations

Barbados and the Co-Operative Republic of Guyana are members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations. The relations between Guyana and Barbados had its genesis to a time when both Guyana (then British Guiana) and Barbados were both British colonies. Shortly after Great Britain secured British Guiana from the Dutch, waves of migrants were encouraged to move and settle in Guyana. Barbados was one such location where large numbers of migrants came from. Through time Barbados and Guyana have both supported each other. With the move towards independence in the region Guyana was seen as the breadbasket of the wider Caribbean which led to yet more waves of Barbadians seeking to move to Guyana for better opportunities.

More recently the Guyanese Government has extended an offer to Barbadians.[36][37] The Guyanese government has offered to put in place an economically favourable regime towards any Barbadians that wish to relocate to Guyana and contribute towards that nation's goals in agricultural investment.[38] The announcement was made in the final days of the Owen Arthur administration by MP member Mia Motley.

In the early 1990s the Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago, Patrick Manning pitched an initiative for Barbados, Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago to enter into some form of political union or political association. This initiative was short lived and didn't proceed following the Democratic Labour Party's defeat during the 1994 elections.

Jamaica | 1966-Nov-30  |

See also: Barbados and CARICOM

Barbados and Jamaica were once both commonwealth realms (until Barbados became a republic in 2021): the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations.

* Barbados is represented in Jamaica through a non-resident High Commissioner in Bridgetown and an honorary consulate in Kingston.
* Jamaica is represented in Barbados through its High Commissioner in Port of Spain (Trinidad and Tobago) and an honorary consulate in Bridgetown.

Mexico | 1972-Sep-11 | See Barbados–Mexico relations

* Barbados is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.
* Mexico is accredited to Barbados from its embassy in Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago and maintains an honorary consulate in Bridgetown.

Panama | 1975-Aug-28 |

* Barbados has an embassy in Panama City.
* Panama is accredited to Barbados from its embassy in Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago.

Saint Kitts and Nevis | 1983-Sep-19 |

See also: Barbados and CARICOM

Barbados and the Federation of St. Kitts & Nevis were once both commonwealth realms (until Barbados became a republic in 2021), members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations.

Saint Lucia | -Feb-22 1979 |

See also: Barbados and CARICOM

Barbados and St. Lucia were once both commonwealth realms (until Barbados became a republic in 2021), members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations.

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | -Oct-27 1979 |

See also: Barbados and CARICOM

Barbados and St. Vincent & the Grenadines were once both commonwealth realms (until Barbados became a republic in 2021), members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations.

Suriname | 1978-Mar-08 | See Barbados–Suriname relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 March 1978. Barbados is accredited to Suriname from Bridgetown. Suriname is represented in Barbados through its embassy in Port of Spain, (Trinidad and Tobago).

Barbados and the Republic of Suriname are members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations.

Trinidad and Tobago | 1966-Nov-30  | See Barbados–Trinidad and Tobago relations

Barbados and the Republic of Trinidad & Tobago are members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations. On 11 April 2006, the 5-Member UNCLOS Annex VII Arbitral Tribunal, presided over by H.E. Judge Stephen M. Schwebel, rendered after two years of international judicial proceedings, the landmark Barbados/Trinidad and Tobago Award, which resolved the maritime boundary delimitation (in the East, Central and West sectors) to satisfaction of both Parties and committed Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago to resolve their fisheries dispute by means of concluding a new Fisheries Agreement.

United States | 1966-Nov-30 | See Barbados–United States relations

In May 1997, Prime Minister Owen Arthur hosted United States President Bill Clinton and 14 other Caribbean leaders during the first-ever U.S.-regional summit in Bridgetown, Barbados. The summit strengthened the basis for regional cooperation on justice and counternarcotics issues, finance and development, and trade.

### Asia

[edit]

Country  | Formal Relations Began  | Notes

|
|

China | 1977-May-30 | See also Barbados – People's Republic of China relations

Barbados and the China established official diplomatic relations 30 May 1977.[39] Barbados-Sino diplomatic and economic relations have grown steadily over three decades.

India | 1966-Nov-30  | India and Barbados established diplomatic relations on 30 November 1966 (the date of Barbados' national independence).[40] On that date, the government of India gifted Barbados the throne in Barbados' national House of Assembly.[41] India is represented in Barbados through its embassy in Suriname[42][43][44] and an Indian consulate in Holetown, St. James.[45] Today around 3,000 persons from India call Barbados home. Two-thirds are from the India's Surat district of Gujarat known as Suratis. Most of the Suratis are involved in trading. The rest are mainly Sindhis.
Israel | 1967-Aug-29 | See also Barbados–Israel relations

* Barbados is represented in Israel through its High Commission in London, United Kingdom and a consulate in Tel Aviv

Japan | 1967-Aug-29 | See Barbados–Japan relations

Japan is accredited to Barbados from its embassy in Port of Spain (Trinidad and Tobago) and an honorary consulate in Bridgetown. Barbados is represented in Japan through a non-resident ambassador in Bridgetown.

Singapore | 1996-Dec-19 |

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 December 1996.[46][47] On 17 July 2013 a bilateral Open Skies Agreement (OSA) were signed between both countries.[48] On 25 April 2014 a bilateral Singapore-Barbados Double Taxation Agreement treaty came into effect[49] with subsequent modifications in 2021.[50]

South Korea | 1977-Nov-15 |

Barbados and the Republic of Korea established diplomatic relations on 15 November 1977.[51]

* Barbadian Embassy in Beijing is accredited to South Korea.
* South Korean Embassy in Port of Spain is accredited to Barbados.

Turkey | 1970[52] | See Barbados–Turkey relations

* Turkish Embassy in Port of Spain is accredited to Barbados.[53]
* Trade volume between the two countries was US$8.5 million in 2019 (Barbados' exports/imports: 0.05/8.45 million USD).[53]

### Europe

[edit]

Country  | Formal Relations Began  | Notes

|
|

European Union |  | The European Union relations and cooperation with Barbados are carried out both on a bilateral and a multilateral basis. Barbados is party to the Cotonou Agreement, through which As of December 2007[update] it is linked by an Economic Partnership Agreement with the European Commission. The pact involves the Caribbean Forum (CARIFORUM) subgroup of the African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States (ACP). CARIFORUM is the only part of the wider ACP-bloc that has concluded the full regional trade-pact with the European Union. There are also ongoing EU-Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) and EU-CARIFORUM dialogues.[54]

The Mission of Barbados to the European Union is located in Brussels, while the Delegation of the European Union to Barbados and its regional Eastern Caribbean neighbours is in Bridgetown.

Denmark | -Aug-20 1979  | * Denmark is represented in Barbados, through its embassy in Mexico.[55]

* Barbados is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Belgium.[56][57]

France | 1968-May-03 | See Barbados–France relations

Both countries have established diplomatic relations on 3 May 1968. Barbados is represented in France through its embassy in Brussels (Belgium). France is represented in Barbados through its embassy in Port of Spain (Trinidad and Tobago) and an honorary consulate in Bridgetown.

Germany | 1967-Mar-14 | See Barbados–Germany relations

Barbados is represented in Germany through its embassy in Brussels, (Belgium) and Germany is represented in to Barbados from its embassy in Port of Spain, (Trinidad and Tobago). Barbados and West Germany formally established diplomatic relations on 14 March 1967.

Ireland | 2001-May-03 |

* Barbados is represented in Ireland through its embassy in London, (United Kingdom) and an honorary consulate in Dublin.
* Although diplomatic relations with Barbados are maintained through Ireland's Permanent Mission to the United Nations in New York, (United States), Ireland is represented in Barbados consularly through its embassy in Washington, D.C. (United States) and an honorary consulate in Bridgetown.[58]

Russia | 1966-Nov-30 |

The Soviet Union recognized the independence of Barbados on 30 November 1966. On 29 January 1993, Russian Federation and Barbados established formal diplomatic relations.[59][60] In 2018 both nations celebrated 25 years of diplomatic ties and pledged closer collaboration.[61][62][63] The two nations also discussed cultural exchanges and Russia working with Barbados' light oil and gas industry.[64][65] And possible scholarships to Russian schools.[66] In 2022 the Russian Foreign Minister met his counterpart in Barbados to discuss current relations and explored a future agenda with the nation including among other things the conclusion of a visa waiver agreement between both nations.[67]

* Russia is represented in Barbados, through its embassy in Georgetown, Guyana.[68]

United Kingdom | 1966-Nov-30 | See Barbados–United Kingdom relations

Barbados established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 30 November 1966.

* Barbados maintains a high commission in London.
* United Kingdom is accredited to Barbados through its high commission in Bridgetown.[69]

The UK governed Barbados from 1625 to 1966, when Barbados achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.[70] Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.[71]

### Oceania

[edit]

Country  | Formal Relations Began  | Notes

|
|

Australia | 1974-Jan-07 | See Australia–Barbados relations

The Australian High Commissioner to Barbados is accredited from Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago. Barbados is represented in Australia through its High Commission in Ottawa, Ontario, (Canada). Barbados maintains an honorary consul in Australia. Barbados and Australia established diplomatic relations on 7 January 1974. Both Barbados and Australia are current members of the United Nations, Commonwealth of Nations, and comprised as former parts of the British Empire.

New Zealand | 1974-Aug-28 |

* New Zealand is accredited to Barbados from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs based in Wellington.[72]
* Barbados is represented in New Zealand through its High Commission in Ottawa, (Canada)[73][74]

## Bilateral agreements

[edit]

### Reciprocal Promotion and Protection of Investments treaties

[edit]

Barbados has a number of Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) with a growing list of nations. Some of which include:[75]

* Belgium-Luxembourg Economic Union (BLEU) - Signed 29 May 2009[76]
* Canada - Signed: 29 May 1996
* People's Republic of China - Signed: 20 July 1998
* Cuba - Signed: 19 February 1996
* Germany - Signed: 2 December 1994
* Ghana - Signed: 22 April 2008
* Italy - Signed: 25 October 1995
* Mauritius - Signed: 28 September 2004
* Sweden - Signed: 29 March 1995
* Switzerland - March 1995
* United Kingdom - April 1993
* Venezuela - July 1994

### Double Taxation Agreements

[edit]

Barbados has a number of Double Taxation Agreements (DTAs) with a growing list of nations. Some of which include:[77]

* Austria - Signed: 27 February 2006
* Botswana - Signed: 23 February 2009
* People's Republic of China - Signed: 15 May 2000
* CARICOM - Signed: 6 July 1994
* Cuba - Signed: 17 June 1999
* Finland - Signed: 15 June 1989
* Ghana - Signed: 24 April 2008
* Malta - Signed: 5 December 2001
* Mauritius - Signed: 28 September 2004
* Mexico - Signed: 7 April 2008[78]
* Netherlands; Signed: 28 November 2006
* Seychelles; Signed: 19 October 2007
* Sweden - Signed: 1 July 1991
* Switzerland - Extended to Barbados from UK, 1954
* United States of America- Signed: 18 December 1991
* Venezuela- Signed: 11 December 1998

## Multilateral relations

[edit]

### Barbados and the Commonwealth of Nations

[edit]

Barbados has been a member state of the Commonwealth since 1966, when it became an independent Commonwealth realm and the 27th member state of the Commonwealth.[79]

Barbadians have held various roles within the Commonwealth of Nations such as elections observers, or even more prominently. The country's former Governor-General, Dame Nita Barrow who served on the original Eminent Persons Group of 1985-1986 researched ways to bring about an end of apartheid in South Africa.[80]

Various Commonwealth meetings hosted by Barbados:

* 1990 Eleventh Conference of Commonwealth Education Ministers in Bridgetown
* 2005 Commonwealth Finance Ministers Meeting
* 2010 Ninth Commonwealth Women's Affairs Ministers Meeting

Queen Elizabeth II as Queen of Barbados was viceregally represented by the Governor-General of Barbados until 30 November 2021.

The last Governor-General of Barbados, Dame Sandra Mason was installed in as the first President of Barbados on 30 November 2021 upon Barbados becoming a republic in the Commonwealth of Nations.

### United Nations

[edit]

On 7 December 1966 the Security Council of the United nations met to debate the membership of Barbados to the General Assembly of the United Nations. During the 1487th plenary meeting of 9 December 1966[81] it was decided that Barbados would be granted membership. Thusly Barbados became the 122nd full member of the United Nations General Assembly on 12 December 1966.[82]

Barbados has been a member of The Forum of Small States (FOSS) since the group's founding in 1992.[83]

## Diplomatic missions

[edit]

* Barbadian diplomatic missions

Barbados has diplomatic missions headed by resident ambassadors or high commissioners in Canada, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, and Venezuela, and at the European Union (Brussels) and the UN. It also has resident consuls general in Toronto, Miami, and New York City. Australia, Brazil, Cuba, Canada, Colombia, People's Republic of China, Guatemala, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Venezuela have ambassadors or high commissioners resident in Barbados.

## Participation in international organisations

[edit]

ACP • ACCP • ACS • Afreximbank • AOSIS • BIS • C • CAF-BDLAC(Associate) • Carib-Export • CARICOM • CARIFORUM • CARTAC • CCtJ • CDB • CDERA • CITEL • CTO • CXC • CFATF • CRNM • CROSQ • CSME • ECLAC • FAO • G33 • G77 • IADB • IDB • IAEA • IBRD • ICAO • ICCt • ICFTU • ICJ • ICRM • IDA • IFAD • IFC • IFRCS • ILO • IMF • IMO • Intelsat • Interpol • IOC • IOM • IMPACS • ISO • ITU • LAES • MACHC • MIGA • NAM • OAS • OPANAL • OPCW • PAPSS •PAHO • Revised Treaty of Chaguaramas • RSS • SIDS • UN • UNCTAD • UNESCO • UNHCR • UNIDO • UPU • WCO • WFTU • WHO • WIPO • WMO • UNWTO • WTO

## Issues

[edit]

* In 2008, Barbados submitted an updated claim to the United Nations Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (UNCLCS) to extend its territorial waters and continental shelf (Exclusive Economic Zone) margins.[84]
* Barbados started the process of settlement of maritime boundary with Guyana.[85]
* Former Prime Minister Owen Arthur had announced that Barbados would begin to settle its maritime boundaries with France(Martinique).[86]

Disputes – international:

* Venezuela, The Barbados Government charged that 1990 Maritime Delimitation Treaty agreement between Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela extended into its maritime area.[87]

Illicit drugs:

* Barbados is one of many Caribbean transshipment points for narcotics bound for the US and Europe

## See also

[edit]

* Government of Barbados
* List of diplomatic missions in Barbados
* List of diplomatic missions of Barbados
* List of ambassadors and high commissioners to and from Barbados
* Visa requirements for Barbadian citizens

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Barbados stands to benefit significantly from its services under the EPA between Europe and Caricom". Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 15 May 2009.
2. ^ Barbados May Reap Rewards of Treaty Network Archived 25 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine, Worldwide Tax Daily, 30 April 2009
3. ^ "In Barbados: A Break with Royal Britain While Looking Toward Africa". 26 January 2022.
4. ^ "Barbados exploring trade with Africa". October 2021.
5. ^ "Barbados becomes a republic and parts ways with the Queen". BBC News. 30 November 2021.
6. ^ "Liberia: Barbados PM Motley Laments Lack of Diplomatic Ties Amid Strong Historical Linkage".
7. ^ "Barbados heading back to Africa – Caribbean Life". 25 September 2019.
8. ^ "CARICOM-Africa Summit Described as Very Successful". 7 September 2021.
9. ^ "Barbados drops visa requirements for these 8 African countries". 22 May 2019.
10. ^ SECRETARY-GENERAL HIGHLIGHTS REGIONAL CHALLENGES, POTENTIAL FOR COOPERATION IN REMARKS AT INAUGURATION OF BARBADOS UNITED NATIONS HOUSE – 3 January 2002
11. ^ "LIST OF COUNTRIES WITH WHICH BARBADOS HAS DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS BY REGIONS". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade (Barbados). Archived from the original on 13 August 2017. Retrieved 25 March 2021.
12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq "Diplomatic relations between Barbados and ..." United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 7 June 2024.
13. ^ Yugoslav Survey. Jugoslavija Publishing House. 1987. p. 147.
14. ^ "Barbados Signs Joint Communique to Establish Diplomatic Relations with the Republic of Kenya". Invest Barbados. 19 December 2014. Archived from the original on 30 January 2022. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
15. ^ "Barbados & Rwanda Establish Diplomatic Relations". Government Information Service of Barbados. 28 July 2015. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
16. ^ "Foreign Minister Pacolli: I welcome the establishment of diplomatic relations between Kosovo and Barbados, while we will continue the same practice with all peaceful countries". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo. 9 March 2018. Archived from the original on 7 October 2018. Retrieved 11 July 2023.
17. ^ "Kazakhstan completes establishment of diplomatic relations with all Latin American countries". The Astana Times. 4 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
18. ^ "Relazione CGG stabilimento relazioni diplomatiche RSM – JamaicaApri". Esteri.sm (in Italian). Retrieved 18 April 2021. "Accordo tra la Repubblica di San Marino e la Jamaica sullo stabilimento delle relazioni diplomatiche, concluso tramite Scambio di Note del 22 giugno 2020."
19. ^ "Belarus establishes diplomatic relations with Barbados". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus. 11 December 2019. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
20. ^ "Barbados isenta Cabo-verdianos de vistos" (in Portuguese). 8 August 2022. Retrieved 26 August 2022.
21. ^ "Liberia, Barbados Establish Formal Diplomatic Relations". Hot Pepper Liberia. 1 March 2024. Retrieved 22 November 2024.
22. ^ a b "List of countries with which Barbados has established diplomatic relations". Government of Barbados. November 2013. Archived from the original on 13 August 2017. Retrieved 29 January 2019.
23. ^ "Closer ties with Nigeria". The Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation (CBC). Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2009.
24. ^ LIST OF COUNTRIES WITH WHICH BARBADOS HAS ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS Archived 6 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine foreign.gov.bb Retrieved on 4-22-09
25. ^ "Nigeria wants direct flights to Barbados". The Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation (CBC). Archived from the original on 10 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2009.
26. ^ "Nigerian cooperation". The Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation (CBC). Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2009.
27. ^ "Argentina embassy in Port of Spain, also accredited to Barbados (in Spanish only)". Archived from the original on 25 April 2009. Retrieved 16 June 2009.
28. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 24 March 2018. Retrieved 9 September 2019.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
29. ^ Accridation to Barbados Archived 24 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Barbados Min. F. A.
30. ^ "NON RESIDENT DIPLOMATIC CORPS – Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Bahamas".
31. ^ "DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS ACCREDITED TO BARBADOS". Archived from the original on 24 July 2018. Retrieved 9 September 2019.
32. ^ Resident Honorary Consular Corp, Bahamas Min. F.A
33. ^ "LIST OF COUNTRIES WITH WHICH BARBADOS HAS DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS – As of August 2006" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 21 June 2009.
34. ^ Barbados' Prime Minister to Pay an Official Visit to the Republic of Chile[permanent dead link‍], Barbados Government Information Service, 3 November 2005
35. ^ Barbados and Chile to strengthen relationship Archived 10 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Barbados Daily Nation, Added 24 August 2017
36. ^ "The Nation Newspaper | the Guyana land offer to Barbados". Archived from the original on 13 June 2008. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
37. ^ "The Nation Newspaper | Guyana land lease offer 'ridiculous'". Archived from the original on 11 December 2007. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
38. ^ "The Nation Newspaper | Guyana low cost land". Archived from the original on 4 November 2007. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
39. ^ "China and Barbados", Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China, 26 September 2008
40. ^ "List of states which Barbados has diplomatic relations" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 17 November 2011.
41. ^ About the House of Assembly, Barbados Archived 9 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine
42. ^ "List of diplomatic missions accredited to Barbados" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 April 2012. Retrieved 17 November 2011.
43. ^ Indian embassy Suriname
44. ^ Barbados India Relations, (Note: to view this file, convert the extension of php to pdf.
45. ^ "List of Honorary Consulates in Barbados" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 April 2012. Retrieved 17 November 2011.
46. ^ "DIPLOMATIC & CONSULAR LIST" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 August 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2017.
47. ^ Staff writer (2016). "LIST OF COUNTRIES WITH WHICH BARBADOS HAS ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS". foreign.gov.bb. Barbados Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 13 August 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2017.
48. ^ Staff writer (17 July 2013). "Singapore and Barbados sign OSA" (Press release). Ministry of Transport (Singapore. Archived from the original on 8 February 2022. Retrieved 8 February 2022.
49. ^ Staff Writer (25 April 2014). "Singapore-Barbados Avoidance of Double Taxation Agreement Comes into Force" (Press release). Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore. Retrieved 7 February 2022.
50. ^ "Income Tax (Singapore – Barbados) (Avoidance of Double Taxation Agreement) (Modifications to Implement Multilateral Instrument) Order 2021". sso.agc.gov.sg. Attorney-General's Chambers. 18 February 2021.
51. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Latin America and Caribbean". Archived from the original on 4 November 2017. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
52. ^ "II.Bilateral Relations (Main Documents". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkey.
53. ^ a b "Relations between Turkey and Barbados".
54. ^ "European Union – EEAS (European External Action Service) | EU Relations with Barbados". Europa (web portal). 19 June 2014. Retrieved 10 November 2018.
55. ^ "Barbados – Udenrigsministeriet". Archived from the original on 26 December 2010. Retrieved 23 June 2010.
56. ^ "Embassy of Barbados in Denmark".
57. ^ "World Embassy Information – Panduan dan Info Untuk Jalan Jalan Keluar Negeri". Archived from the original on 12 November 2009. Retrieved 23 June 2010.
58. ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Barbados". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
59. ^ "Экономика Барбадоса".
60. ^ Russia and Barbados To Strengthen Diplomatic Ties
61. ^ Press release on the exchange of congratulatory messages between the foreign ministers of Russia and Barbados on the 25th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations, 2 February 201817:34
62. ^ Russia ready to develop cooperation with Barbados
63. ^ Barbados and Russia Explore Areas of Cooperation Archived 8 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Invest Barbados, 2014-10-30
64. ^ "Russia willing to assist Caribbean with oil and gas exploration". Archived from the original on 15 March 2018. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
65. ^ Russia, Barbados Talk Cultural Ties
66. ^ Scholarship Opportunity In Russia
67. ^ Forde-Craigg, Sheena (8 February 2022). "Russian Envoy Keen on Bilateral Relations With Barbados". Barbados Government Information Service (BGIS). Retrieved 15 February 2022.
68. ^ Barbados–Russia relations, Embassy of the Russian Federation in the Cooperative Republic of Guyana
69. ^ "British High Commission Bridgetown". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 1 August 2024. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
70. ^ Partington, Richard (22 March 2019). "UK secures post-Brexit trade deal with group of Caribbean countries". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 29 August 2023. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
71. ^ "Barbados - United Kingdom BIT (1993)". UN Trade and Development. Archived from the original on 4 June 2023. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
72. ^ New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade
73. ^ Heads of Missions Archived 4 August 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Barbados Ministry of Foreign Affairs
74. ^ Countries Barbados has diplomatic relations[permanent dead link‍], Barbados Ministry of Foreign Affairs
75. ^ Invest Barbados – Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs)[permanent dead link‍]
76. ^ null, null (11 August 2009). "Barbados and BLEU sign investment treaty". CaribbeanNetNews. Retrieved 11 August 2009.[dead link‍]
77. ^ Invest Barbados – Double Taxation Agreements (DTAs)[permanent dead link‍]
78. ^ Barbados signs a double taxation agreement with Mexico as Trinidad & Jamaica vie to wear offshore crown, Broad Street Journal
79. ^ writer, Staff (2024). "Barbados country profile - In the Commonwealth". commonwealthofnations.org. Nexus Partnerships Ltd. Nexus Commonwealth Network. Retrieved 10 February 2025.
80. ^ History, Eminent Persons Group – Commonwealth of Nations
81. ^ 2175 (XX). Admission of Barbados to membership in the United Nations,
82. ^ 2175 (XXI) ADMISSION OF BARBADOS TO MEMBERSHIP IN THE UNITED NATIONS, RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY DURING ITS TWENTY-FIRST SESSION
83. ^ 50 Years of Singapore and the United Nations. World Scientific. 2015. ISBN 978-981-4713-03-0.access-date=28 March 2024
84. ^ UN Continental Shelf and UNCLOS Article 76: Barbadian Submission
85. ^ "INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY CONSULTANTS". Archived from the original on 17 February 2009. Retrieved 6 January 2009.
86. ^ Barbados and France Discuss Delimitation of their Maritime Boundaries Archived 6 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine – 7 June 2006
87. ^ null, null (19 February 2004). "Trinidad-Barbados dispute over 1990 Maritime Treaty". CaribbeanNetNews. Archived from the original on 3 August 2004. Retrieved 19 February 2004.

## External links

[edit]

* Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade
* Embassy of the People's Republic of China in Barbados
* The European Commission's Delegation to Barbados and the Eastern Caribbean
* Economic aspects of sustainable development in Barbados
* [1] Archived 19 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine – Paper on the EPA (involving) Barbados and the EU's territories
* Barbados Hoping To Expand Relations – Barbados P.M. outlines foreign relations plans.

* v
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Barbados articles

History|

* Timeline
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Asia|

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Europe|

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Oceania|

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* List of diplomatic missions in Barbados / of Barbados

Diplomacy|

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* v
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Foreign relations of the Commonwealth of Nations

Member states|

* Antigua and Barbuda
* Australia
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Former Member states|

* Ireland
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Foreign states|

* France
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* v
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Foreign relations of the Caribbean

* British West Indies
* Danish West Indies
* Dutch Caribbean
* Caribbean Netherlands
* Netherlands Antilles
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* West Indies Federation

West
Indies|

| Antilles|

| Greater
Antilles|

* Cayman Islands
* Cuba
* Jamaica
* Navassa Island
* Puerto Rico

| Hispaniola|

* Dominican Republic
* Haiti

|

Lesser
Antilles|

| Leeward
Islands|

* Anguilla
* Antigua and Barbuda
* Guadeloupe
* La Désirade
* Les Saintes
* Marie-Galante
* Montserrat
* Saba^*
* Saint Barthélemy
* Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Sint Eustatius^*

| Saint Martin^|

* Collectivity of Saint Martin
* Sint Maarten

|

Virgin Islands|

* British Virgin Islands
* U.S. Virgin Islands

Southern
Caribbean|

| Leeward
Antilles|

* Insular Venezuela
* Federal Dependencies
* Nueva Esparta

| ABC islands|

* Aruba
* Bonaire*
* Curaçao

|

Windward
Islands|

* Dominica
* Grenada
* Carriacou and Petite Martinique
* Martinique
* Saint Lucia
* Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

* Barbados†
* Trinidad and Tobago†

Lucayan
Archipelago|

* Bahamas
* Turks and Caicos Islands

Caribbean
Sea|

* Aves Island
* San Andrés and Providencia
* Bajo Nuevo Bank~
* Serranilla Bank~

Caribbean
continental
zone|

* Quintana Roo
* Cozumel

| Central America|

* Belize
* Honduras
* Bay Islands
* Izabal
* Limón
* Corn Islands
* North Caribbean Coast
* South Caribbean Coast
* Panama

|

South America|

* Colombian Caribbean
* Venezuelan Caribbean

Wider
groupings
may include:|

* Bermuda#
* Costa Rica
* El Salvador
* Guatemala
* Nicaragua

| Yucatán Peninsula|

* Campeche
* Petén
* Yucatán

|

The Guianas|

* Amapá
* French Guiana
* Venezuelan Guayana
* Guyana
* Guayana Esequibaǂ
* Tigri Areaǂ
* Suriname

N.B.: Territories in italics are parts of transregional sovereign states or non-sovereign dependencies.

^These three form the SSS islands that with the ABC islands comprise the Dutch Caribbean, of which *the BES islands are not direct Kingdom constituents but subsumed with the country of the Netherlands.

†Physiographically, these continental islands are not part of the volcanic Windward Islands arc, although sometimes grouped with them culturally and politically.

ǂDisputed territories administered by Guyana. ~Disputed territories administered by Colombia.

#Bermuda is an isolated North Atlantic oceanic island, physiographically not part of the Lucayan Archipelago, Antilles, Caribbean Sea nor North American continental nor South American continental islands. It is grouped with the Northern American region, but occasionally also with the Caribbean region culturally.

* v
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Foreign relations in the Americas

Sovereign
states|

* Antigua and Barbuda
* Argentina
* Bahamas
* Barbados
* Belize
* Bolivia
* Brazil
* Canada
* Chile
* Colombia
* Costa Rica
* Cuba
* Dominica
* Dominican Republic
* Ecuador
* El Salvador
* Grenada
* Guatemala
* Guyana
* Haiti
* Honduras
* Jamaica
* Mexico
* Nicaragua
* Panama
* Paraguay
* Peru
* Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Saint Lucia
* Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
* Suriname
* Trinidad and Tobago
* United States
* Uruguay
* Venezuela

Dependencies
and territories|

* Anguilla
* Aruba
* Bermuda
* Bonaire
* British Virgin Islands
* Cayman Islands
* Curaçao
* Falkland Islands
* French Guiana
* Greenland
* Guadeloupe
* Martinique
* Montserrat
* Puerto Rico
* Saba
* Saint Barthélemy
* Saint Martin
* Saint Pierre and Miquelon
* Sint Eustatius
* Sint Maarten
* South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
* Turks and Caicos Islands
* U.S. Virgin Islands

* North America
* Central America
* Caribbean
*   *   *   * South America

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