Foreign relations of Guinea

Politics of Guinea

Constitution

* Constitution
* Human rights

Government

* Interim President

Mamady Doumbouya
* Prime Minister

Bah Oury
* Cabinet of Guinea

Bah Oury government [fr]

Parliament

* National Council of the Transition

President: Dansa Kourouma

Administrative divisions

* Regions
* Prefectures
* Sub-prefectures
* Districts and Quarters
* Villages and Sectors

Elections

* Recent elections

* Presidential: 2015
* 2020

* Legislative: 2013
* 2020

* Political parties

Foreign relations

* Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Minister: Morissanda Kouyaté

* * *

* Diplomatic missions of / in Guinea

* * *

* Passport
* Visa requirements
* Visa policy

* Other countries

* v
* t
* e

The foreign relations of Guinea, including those with its West African neighbors, have improved steadily since 1985.[1]

## Diplomatic history

[edit]

Guinea re-established relations with France and West Germany in 1975, and with neighboring Ivory Coast and Senegal in 1978.[2] Guinea has been active in efforts toward regional integration and cooperation, especially regarding the Organisation of African Unity and the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS).[citation needed]

Guinea has participated in both diplomatic and military efforts to resolve conflicts in Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea-Bissau, and contributed contingents of troops to peacekeeping operations in all three countries as part of ECOMOG, the Military Observer Group of ECOWAS.[3] In the 1990s, Guinea hosted almost a million refugees fleeing the civil wars in Sierra Leone and Liberia.[4] As of 2004, Guinea maintained a policy of unrestricted admission to refugees.[4]

Guinea is also a member of the International Criminal Court with a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the United States military (as covered under Article 98).[5]

### 2009 ambassador recall

[edit]

On 5 May 2009, President Moussa Dadis Camara, who seized power in a bloodless coup which followed the 22 December 2008 death of President Lansana Conté, announced the recall of 30 of Guinea's ambassadors to other countries.[6] The order was made by a presidential decree on state television and was the first major diplomatic move made by the new leader.[6]

The decision affected ambassadors to the United States, South Korea, the People's Republic of China, France, the United Kingdom, Russia, Egypt, South Africa, Italy, Japan, Brazil, Cuba, Switzerland, Serbia, Malaysia, Iran, the United Arab Emirates, Senegal, Nigeria, Libya, Ghana, Algeria, Morocco, Gabon, Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea-Bissau, comprising almost all of Guinea's foreign embassies.[6][7][8] The Guinean representatives to the European Union, the United Nations and the African Union were also affected.[6][7]

No reason was stated for the recall.[7] The Tocqueville Connection states: "Most of the ambassadors were appointed by former prime minister Lansana Kouyaté, in office from February 2007 until May 2008,"[7] raising the possibility that the recall was an attempt on the part of Camara to distance himself from the previous government.

In late March 2009, the Guinean ambassador to Serbia faced expulsion for personal involvement in cigarette smuggling (1,000 packs of cigarettes were found in his BMW) but avoided arrest due to diplomatic immunity (although he was declared as persona non grata).[9]

### 2021 coup d'etat

[edit]

The September 5, 2021 coup d'état brought swift condemnation and threats of sanctions from the United Nations, the African Union, the West African regional bloc ECOWAS (which suspended Guinea), and close allies of Guinea—as well as the United States—among others.[10][11][12] China, uncharacteristically, also openly opposed the coup.[13]

Further information: 2021 Guinean coup d'état

### Diplomatic relations

[edit]

List of countries which Guinea maintains diplomatic relations with:

#  | Country  | Date
1  |  Russia | 4 October 1958[14]
2  |  North Korea | 8 October 1958[15]
3  |  Vietnam | 9 October 1958[16]
4  |  Albania | October 1958[17]
5  |  Romania | 14 November 1958[18]
6  |  Ghana | 1958[19]
7  |  Bulgaria | 2 January 1959[20]
8  |  Israel | 12 January 1959[21]
9  |  France | 21 January 1959[22]
10  |  United States | 13 February 1959[23]
11  |  Czech Republic | 14 February 1959[24]
12  |  Hungary | 26 February 1959[25]
13  |  Liberia | 6 March 1959[26]
14  |  United Kingdom | 28 May 1959[27]
15  |  Poland | 29 June 1959[28]
16  |  Germany | 30 July 1959[29]
17  |  China | 4 October 1959[30][31]
18  |  Serbia | 10 November 1959[32][33]
19  |  Italy | 5 December 1959[34]
20  |  Egypt | 1959[35][36]
21  |  Morocco | 1959[37]
22  |  Netherlands | 1959[38]
23  |  Belgium | 28 January 1960[39]
24  |  Mongolia | 22 April 1960[40]
25  |  Indonesia | 27 April 1960[41]
26  |  Lebanon | 3 June 1960[42]
27  |  India | 8 July 1960[43]
28  |  Switzerland | 19 July 1960[44]
29  |  Cuba | 30 August 1960[45]
30  |  Mali | 3 March 1961[46]
31  |  Ivory Coast | 21 March 1961[47]
32  |  Saudi Arabia | 15 May 1961[48]
33  |  Senegal | 9 June 1961[49]
34  |  Finland | 19 July 1961[50]
35  |  Norway | 21 July 1961[51]
36  |  Sudan | 24 August 1961[52]
37  |  Nigeria | August 1961[53]
38  |  Togo | 7 September 1961[54]
39  |  Sierra Leone | 20 October 1961[55]
40  |  Denmark | 1 December 1961[56]
41  |  Mexico | 25 January 1962[57]
42  |  Benin | 26 February 1962[58]
43  |  Niger | 20 March 1962[59]
44  |  Canada | 28 March 1962[60]
45  |  Ethiopia | 22 June 1962[61]
46  |  Tunisia | 30 June 1962[62]
47  |  Mauritania | 15 August 1962[63]
48  |  Japan | 9 September 1962[64]
49  |  Luxembourg | 12 September 1962[65]
50  |  Turkey | 11 October 1962[66]
51  |  Sweden | 26 November 1962[67]
52  |  Chile | 26 August 1963[68]
53  |  Cameroon | 13 September 1963[69]
54  |  Burkina Faso | 1963[70][71]
55  |  Pakistan | 1963[72]
56  |  Algeria | 24 January 1964[73]
57  |  Kuwait | 12 March 1964[74]
58  |  Argentina | 8 September 1964[75]
59  |  Iraq | 18 October 1964[76]
60  |  Syria | 29 November 1964[77]
61  |  Spain | 10 February 1965[78]
62  |  Venezuela | 16 March 1965[79]
63  |  Jordan | 17 May 1966[80]
64  |  Uganda | 22 July 1966[81]
65  |  Tanzania | 22 December 1966[82]
66  |  Austria | 1966[83]
67  |  Democratic Republic of the Congo | 1966[84]
68  |  Kenya | 14 June 1967[85]
69  |  Burundi | 28 June 1967[86]
70  |  Rwanda | 28 June 1967[87]
71  |  Zambia | 10 November 1967[88]
72  |  Libya | 26 March 1968[89]
73  |  Republic of the Congo | 1 July 1968[90]
74  |  Chad | 29 August 1968[91]
75  |  Guyana | 8 June 1970[92]
76  |  Iran | 26 April 1971[93]
77  |  Gambia | 6 August 1971[94]
78  |  Madagascar | 26 December 1972[95]
79  |  Panama | 29 March 1973[96]
80  |  Mauritius | 29 October 1973[97]
81  |  Trinidad and Tobago | 1973[98]
82  |  Bahrain | 5 January 1974[99]
83  |  Guinea-Bissau | 12 February 1974[100]
84  |  Brazil | 4 September 1974[101]
85  |  Peru | 8 January 1975[102]
86  |  Jamaica | 30 January 1975[103]
87  |  Mozambique | 25 June 1975[104]
88  |  Cape Verde | 8 July 1975[105]
89  |  Angola | 11 November 1975[106]
90  |  Gabon | 30 October 1976[107]
91  |  Equatorial Guinea | 1977[108]
92  |  Eswatini | 1977[109]
93  |  Greece | 1977[110]
94  |  Djibouti | 7 August 1978[111]
95  |  Seychelles | 1978[112]
96  |  Portugal | 2 January 1979[113]
97  |  Lesotho | 1 November 1979[114]
98  |  Malta | 30 March 1980[115]
99  |  Zimbabwe | 30 April 1980[116]
100  |  Oman | 17 February 1981[117]
101  |  Comoros | 11 August 1981[118]
102  |  Laos | 15 October 1981[119]
103  |  Malaysia | 29 September 1982[120]
104  |  Philippines | 8 October 1982[121]
105  |  Haiti | 10 January 1983[122]
106  |  Maldives | 8 April 1983[123]
107  |  Thailand | 15 April 1983[124]
108  |  Nicaragua | 5 July 1983[125]
109  |  Bangladesh | 27 February 1985[126]
—  |  Holy See | 21 June 1986[127]
—  |  Sovereign Military Order of Malta | 24 June 1986[128]
110  |  Bolivia | 15 December 1987[129]
111  |  Qatar | 1 January 1988[130]
112  |  Colombia | 30 September 1988[131]
113  |  Sri Lanka | 6 August 1991[132]
114  |  Estonia | 10 February 1992[133]
115  |  Moldova | 16 February 1992[134]
116  |  Azerbaijan | 11 March 1992[135]
117  |  Belarus | 4 April 1992[136]
118  |  Kazakhstan | 4 April 1992[137]
119  |  Ukraine | 4 April 1992[138]
120  |  Lithuania | 27 April 1992[139]
121  |  Armenia | 27 August 1992[140]
122  |  Guatemala | 12 February 1993[131]
123  |  Slovakia | 16 March 1993[141]
124  |  Cambodia | 6 June 1993[142]
125  |  Uzbekistan | 24 June 1993[143]
126  |  Tajikistan | 27 December 1993[144]
127  |  South Africa | 16 February 1995[145]
128  |  United Arab Emirates | 2 June 1995[146]
129  |  Bosnia and Herzegovina | 9 April 1996[147]
130  |  Slovenia | 11 December 1996[148]
131  |  Latvia | 17 January 1997[149]
132  |  North Macedonia | 28 November 1997[150]
133  |  Croatia | 8 December 1997[131]
134  |  Georgia | 31 July 1998[131]
135  |  Namibia | 18 September 2002[151]
136  |  Iceland | 14 May 2004[131]
137  |  Australia | 17 June 2004[152]
138  |  Cyprus | 20 December 2005[153]
139  |  South Korea | 28 August 2006[154]
140  |  Suriname | 28 August 2006[155]
141  |  Montenegro | 17 November 2006[156]
142  |  Botswana | 20 April 2007[131]
143  |  Uruguay | 19 June 2007[157]
144  |  Brunei | 8 August 2007[158]
145  |  Dominican Republic | 28 September 2007[159]
146  |  Costa Rica | 1 October 2007[160]
147  |  Ireland | 30 June 2008[161]
148  |  Fiji | 27 January 2011[131]
149  |  Solomon Islands | 11 August 2011[131]
150  |  Kyrgyzstan | 8 September 2015[162]
151  |  Liechtenstein | 11 December 2015[163]
152  |  Singapore | 24 February 2016[164]
153  |  New Zealand | 20 April 2016[165]
154  |  Nepal | 12 May 2016[131]
155  |  Myanmar | 6 June 2017[131]
156  |  Eritrea | 8 February 2019[166]
—  |  Kosovo | 20 February 2020[167]
157  |  Central African Republic | Unknown
—  |  State of Palestine | Unknown
158  |  São Tomé and Príncipe | Unknown[168]
159  |  Somalia | Unknown[169]
160  |  South Sudan | Unknown
161  |  Yemen | Unknown

### Bilateral relations

[edit]

Country  | Formal Relations Began  | Notes

|
|

Australia | 2004 | Both countries established diplomatic relations in 2004[170]

* Australia and Guinea share close interests in the mining sector. They are the two largest bauxite producers in the world (see List of countries by bauxite production) and were founding signatories in the 1970s of the (now defunct) International Bauxite Agreement. Australian companies are involved in developing the Guinean mining sector.
* Guinea is accredited to Australia, through its embassy in Tokyo.[171]
* Australia is accredited to Guinea, through its embassy in Accra, Ghana.[172]

Benin | 26 February 1962  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 February 1962 when first Ambassador of Guinea to Dahomey Mr. Leon Maka presented his credentials to President Maga.[58]
Canada | 28 March 1962 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 March 1962[60]

* Canada is accredited to Guinea from its embassy in Dakar, Senegal.[173]
* Guinea has an embassy in Ottawa.[174]

Chad | 29 August 1968  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 August 1968 when Guinea's first Ambassador to Chad, Mr. Filly Cissoko, presented his credentials to President Tombolbaye[91]
China | 4 October 1959 | See China–Guinea relations

The People's Republic of China and the Republic of Guinea established diplomatic relations on October 4, 1959, making Guinea the first country in Sub-Saharan Africa to establish formal relations with China.[31] China has become heavily dependent upon Guinea for bauxite (aluminum ore) -- Guinea's principal export—consuming half of it.[13]

Comoros | 11 August 1981  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 August 1981 when Ambassador of Guinea M. Moussa Doumbouya, has presented his credentials to President of Comoros M. Ahmed Abdallah Abderemane.[118]
Republic of Congo | 1 July 1968  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 July 1968 when Guinea's Ambassador to the Congo Republic, M. Fily Sissoko, presented his credentials to President Massamba-Debat.[90]
Cote d'Ivoire | 21 March 1961  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 March 1961,[47] was were broken in September 1973 and re-established on 14 April 1978[175]
France | 21 January 1959 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 January 1959 and appointed M. Nobi Youla as first ambassador of Guinea to France and M. Francis Hure appointed as chargé d'affaires of France to Guinea[22]

* France has an embassy in Conakry.[176]
* Guinea has an embassy in Paris.[177]

Germany | 30 July 1959  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 July 1959[29]

See Germany–Guinea relations

* Germany has an embassy in Conakry.
* Guinea has an embassy in Berlin.

Ghana | 1958 |

* Guinea has an embassy in Accra, which was opened in 1958.[19]
* Ghana has an embassy in Conakry which is also accredited to Guinea-Bissau.[178]

Haiti | 10 January 1983  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 January 1983 when first Ambassador of Guinea to Haiti (resident in New York) Mr. Alpha Ibrahima Diallo presented his credentials to President Jean Claude Duvalier[122]
Indonesia | 27 April 1960 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1960[41]

* Indonesia's embassy in Dakar, Senegal is accredited to Guinea.
* Guinea's embassy in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia is accredited to Indonesia.[179]

Israel | 12 January 1959 | See Guinea–Israel relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 January 1959.[21] Guinea broke off diplomatic relations with Israel on 12 June 1967[180] They resumed diplomatic relations on 20 July 2016[181]

Liberia | 6 March 1959 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 March 1959 when Mr. Edward Peal, the Liberian Ambassador to the Republic of Guinea, presented his credentials to President S. Toure.[26]

* Guinea has an embassy in Monrovia, which was opened in 1959.[19]
* Liberia has an embassy in Conakry.

Malaysia | 1993 | Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1993.[182]

* Malaysia has an embassy in Conakry.
* Guinea has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur.[183]

Mexico | 25 January 1962 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 January 1962[57]

* Guinea is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Havana, Cuba.[184]
* Mexico is accredited to Guinea from its embassy in Abuja, Nigeria.[185]

Namibia | 18 September 2002  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 September 2002 when has been accredited non-resident Ambassador of Guinea to Namibia Mr. Alexandre CeCe Loua.[151]
North Korea | 8 October 1958 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 October 1958[15]

* North Korea has an embassy in Conakry.

Rwanda | 28 June 1967  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 June 1967 when Guinean ambassador to Rwanda M. Fily Cissoko, has presented his credentials to President Kiyibanda.[87]
Serbia | 10 November 1959 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 November 1959[32][33]

* Serbia is accredited to Guinea, through its embassy in Algiers, Algeria.
* Guinea has an embassy in Belgrade.[186]

Sierra Leone | 20 October 1961  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 October 1961 when Mr. Abdoul Karim, Ambassador of Sierra Leone to Guinea presented his credentials to President Sekou Toure.[55]
Somalia |  |

* In 2019, Somalia suspended diplomatic relations with Guinea after President Alpha Conde invited Somaliland President Muse Bihi Abdi to visit Guinea.[187] Diplomatic relations were reestablished on 22 September 2024.[169]

South Korea | 28 August 2006 |

* Diplomatic relations between the Republic of Korea and Guinea were established on 28 August 2006.[154] The number of South Koreans living in Guinea in 2011 was 70.[188]
* Guinea is accredited to South Korea, through its embassy in Tokyo.[171]
* South Korea is accredited to Guinea, through its embassy in Dakar, Senegal.

Sudan | 24 August 1961  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 August 1961 when first Guinean Ambassador to Sudan (resident in Cairo) Mr. Seydou Diallo, presented his credentials to Presidenr Abbud[52]
Turkey | 11 October 1962 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 October 1962[66]

* Guinea has an embassy in Ankara.[189]
* Turkey has an embassy in Conakry.[189]
* Trade volume between the two countries was US$136.7 million in 2019.[189]
* There are direct flights from Istanbul to Conakry since January 30, 2017.[189]

Uganda | 22 July 1966  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 July 1966 when the Guinean Ambassador to Uganda, M. B. Biro, presented his credentials to President Obote.[81]
United Arab Emirates | 2 June 1995  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 June 1995[146]

* Guinea has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.
* The UAE has an embassy in Conakry.

United Kingdom | 28 May 1959 | See Foreign relations of the United Kingdom

Guinea established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 28 May 1959.[27]

* Guinea maintains an embassy in London.
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Guinea through its embassy in Conakry.[190]

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact,[191] and the World Trade Organization.

United States | 13 February 1959 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 February 1959[23]

See Guinea – United States relations

Guinea became the first French African colony to gain independence, on 2 October 1958, at the cost of the immediate cessation of all French assistance.

After a temporary suspension due to nationwide political unrest in early 2007, the Peace Corps program in Guinea resumed operations at the end of July. Prior to the suspension, Peace Corps had more than 100 volunteers throughout the country, and the program is gradually increasing its numbers again. Volunteers work in four project areas: secondary education, environment/agro-forestry, public health and HIV/AIDS prevention, and small enterprise development. Guinea has also had a strong Crisis Corps program through the last few years.

The U.S. "condemned" Guinea's "2008 military coup d'etat,"—but had "close relations" with Guinea before the coup, and after "Guinea's presidential elections in 2010"—in support of "democratic reform."[192] However, the U.S. State Department immediately condemned the September 5, 2021 coup d'état, warning against "violence and any extra-constitutional measures, [which] could limit the ability of the United States and Guinea's other international partners to support the country..."[10][11]

* Guinea has an embassy in Washington, D.C.[193]
* United States has an embassy in Conakry.[194]

Vietnam | 9 October 1958 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 October 1958[16]

* Guinea is the first country in Africa to establish formal diplomatic relations with Vietnam.
* Vietnam's embassy in Rabat, Morocco is accredited to Guinea.
* Guinea's embassy in Beijing, China is accredited to Vietnam.[195]

Zambia | 10 November 1967  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 November 1967 when the first Guinean Ambassador to Zambia, Mr. Fily Cissoko, presented his credentials to President Kaunda[88]
Zimbabwe | 30 April 1980  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 April 1980 when first Ambassador of Guinea to Zimbabwe presented his credentials.[116]

## See also

[edit]

* List of diplomatic missions in Guinea
* List of diplomatic missions of Guinea

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Background Note: Guinea, US Department of State, February 2009
2. ^ "Guinea". Ministry of Foreign Affairs, People's Republic of China (in Chinese (China)). Retrieved 31 January 2022. "1978年，几分别与塞内加尔和科特迪瓦重新互派大使并签订友好合作条约。"
3. ^ ECOMOG: peacekeeper or participant?, BBC News Online, February 11, 1998
4. ^ a b Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. "UNHCR Global Report 2004 - Guinea". UNHCR. Retrieved 2021-05-05.
5. ^ Status of US Bilateral Immunity Agreements (BIAs). Coalition of the International Criminal Court
6. ^ a b c d Sillah, Alhassan (6 May 2009). "Guinea recalls 30 ambassadors, from US to China". Seattle Times. Retrieved 7 May 2009.
7. ^ a b c d "Guinea junta recalls 30 ambassadors". The Tocqueville Connection. 2009-05-06. Archived from the original on 12 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-07.
8. ^ "World Digest". Hometown Annapolis. 6 May 2009. Archived from the original on 14 February 2012. Retrieved 7 May 2009.
9. ^ Ambasador Gvineje švercovao cigarete
10. ^ a b "Guinea coup leader bars foreign travel for government officials," Reuters News Service, retrieved September 6, 2021
11. ^ a b "On the Military Seizure of Power in Guinea," September 5, 2021, United States Department of State, retrieved September 6, 2021
12. ^ "West African leaders suspend Guinea from Ecowas following coup," September 9, 2021, BBC News, retrieved September 9, 2021
13. ^ a b "China Is OK With Interfering in Guinea's Internal Affairs,", September 8, 2021, Foreign Policy retrieved September 9, 2021
14. ^ "Today marks 65 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations between our country and the Republic of Guinea". MFA Russia. 4 October 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
15. ^ a b "DPRK Diplomatic Relations" (PDF). ncnk.org. p. 3. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
16. ^ a b "Republic of Guinea". vietnam.gov.vn. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
17. ^ Directory of Officials of the People's Republic of Albania. CIA. 1974. pp. 5–7.5-7&rft.pub=CIA&rft.date=1974&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Foreign+relations+of+Guinea" class="Z3988">
18. ^ "Diplomatic Relations of Romania". Ministry of Foreign Affairs Romania. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
19. ^ a b c Giant Stride Forward: Republic of Guinea, First Year of Freedom. The Embassy of Guinea to the United States. 1959. p. 18.
20. ^ "Установяване, прекъсване u възстановяване на дипломатическите отношения на България (1878-2005)" (in Bulgarian). Archived from the original on August 26, 2018. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
21. ^ a b The Israel Digest of Press and Events in Israel and the Middle East Volumes 1-3. Israel Digest. 1958. p. 4.
22. ^ a b Chronologie internationale supplément bi-mensuel aux Notes et études documentaires (in French). France. Direction de la Documentation. 1959. p. 28.
23. ^ a b "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Guinea". history.state.gov. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
24. ^ Pavol Petruf (2007). "Československá zahraničná politika 1945 – 1992" (PDF) (in Slovak). p. 104. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
25. ^ Lajos Gecsényi. Diplomaták a változó világban Főkonzulok, követek és nagykövetek 1945-1990 (in Hungarian). 2015.
26. ^ a b The African & Colonial World and the Indian at Home & Overseas Volume 7. Independent Publishing Company. 1959. p. 11.
27. ^ a b Foreign Office, Great Britain. (1964). The Foreign Office List and Diplomatic and Consular Year Book for ... Vol. 137\. Harrison and Sons. p. 485.
28. ^ "Guinée". gov.pl (in French). Retrieved 7 May 2023.
29. ^ a b "Guinea: Überblick". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 31 March 2024.
30. ^ Peter Cheng. A Chronology of the People's Republic of China from October 1, 1949. 1972. "1959 October 4 : It was announced in Peking that diplomatic relations between Guinea and the PRC had been established"
31. ^ a b Directory of Officials of the People's Republic of China Volumes 7-13. National Foreign Assessment Center. 1978. p. 72.
32. ^ a b Summary of the Yugoslav Press. Joint Translation Service. 1959. p. 18.
33. ^ a b G. Fischer, L. Focsaneanu, J. F. Juilliard. "Chronologie des faits internationaux d'ordre juridique. Annuaire Français de Droit International / Année 1960 / 6 /". persee.fr (in French). p. 1085. Retrieved 30 November 2023.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
34. ^ "Decreto del Presidente della Repubblica 5 dicembre 1959, n. 1382 Istituzione in Conakry (Guinea) di un'Ambasciata e di una Cancelleria consolare alle dipendenze della stessa". Gazzetta Ufficiale (in Italian). Retrieved 25 March 2024.
35. ^ Ahmed Sékou Touré (1959). L'action politique du Parti démocratique de Guinée (in French). Présence Africaine. p. 129\. "Liste de messieurs les chefs des missions diplomatiques accredites aupres de la Republique de Guinee au 1er Juillet 1959: ... Ambassadeur de la République Arabe - Unie : S. E. M. NAGUIB HAMED EL SADR"
36. ^ Ten Years of Progress and Development, 1952-1962. United Arab Republic. Maṣlaḥat al-Istiʻlāmāt. 1962. p. 19\. "In 1959: a) Established diplomatic representations with Guinea at Embassy level"
37. ^ "SEM. Driss ISBAYENE, Ambassadeur du Maroc en Guinée, Sierra Leone et Liberia " La constance du soutien de la Guinée à notre cause nationale a toujours été exemplaire et même légendaire "". Maroc Diplomatique (in French). 28 December 2020. Archived from the original on 24 January 2021. Retrieved 25 March 2024.
38. ^ Ahmed Sékou Touré (1959). L'action politique du Parti démocratique de Guinée (in French). Présence Africaine. p. 129\. "Liste de messieurs les chefs des missions diplomatiques accredites aupres de la Republique de Guinee au 1er Juillet 1959: ... Ambassadeur des Pays - Bas : S. E. M. LOUIS NOE"
39. ^ Belgisch staatsblad Issues 52-78 (in French and Dutch). 1960. p. 1830.
40. ^ "Diplomatic and Consular List" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Mongolia. March 2020. p. 4\. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 February 2022. Retrieved 23 March 2024.
41. ^ a b News from Hsinhua News Agency Daily bulletin · Issues 834-847. 1960. p. 65\. "...Indonesia, Guinea to exchange ambassadors Conakry, April twentyseventh Chsinhua) - Indonesia and the Republic of Guinea decided to establish diplomatic relations at the ambassadorial level ..."
42. ^ Yitzhak Oron (1960). Middle East Record Volume 1, 1960 Volume 1. Published for The Israel Oriental Society, The Reuven Shiloah Research Center by George Weidenfeld & Nicolson Limited. p. 370.
43. ^ Indian Information. 1960. p. 490.
44. ^ "No 1631. Nomination de M. René Keller en qualité d'ambassadeur extraordinaire et plénipotentiaire de la Confédération suisse au Ghana, en Guinée, au Libéria et au Togo, avec résidence à Accra; sa promotion au grade de ministre de II classe". dodis.ch (in French). Retrieved 19 May 2023.
45. ^ "Cuba celebra el 62 aniversario del establecimiento de relaciones diplomáticas con la República de Guinea". Cancillería de Cuba (in Spanish). Retrieved 7 May 2023.
46. ^ "Journal officiel de la République du Mali № 80 15 Mars 1961" (PDF) (in French). p. 247. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
47. ^ a b "Allocution de sem Alassane Ouattara, a l'occasion du dejeuner offert en l'honneur de son excellence professeur Alpha Conde, President de la Republique de Guinee, en visite officielle en Cote d'Ivoire". presidence.ci (in French). Retrieved 10 May 2023.
48. ^ Yitzhak Oron (1961). Middle East Record Volume 2, 1961 Volume 2. The Moshe Dayan Center. p. 430. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
49. ^ L'Afrique et l'Asie Issues 53-60 (in French). Université de Paris, Centre de hautes études administratives sur l'Afrique et de l'Asie modernes. 1961. p. 72\. "9 Juin ... La veille, l'ambassadeur de Guinée au Sénégal, nouvellement nommé, avait présenté ses lettres de créance au président Senghor."
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51. ^ "Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater" (PDF). regjeringen.no (in Norwegian). April 27, 1999. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
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53. ^ Africa Trade and Development Volumes 2-4. 1960. p. 15\. "August 1961 ... Nigeria and Guinea exchange ambassadors Mr. Camara Oumar Dinn is to be Ambas- sador to Nigeria on the recommendation of the President of Guinea, and Mr. Nathan- iel Adepayin Martins ..."
54. ^ Europe, France outremer Issues 371-381 (in French). 1960. p. 73\. "... M. Léon Maka, ambassadeur de Guinée au Togo, et M. Anvar Marassoulovich Kouchkarov, ambassadeur de l'U.R.S.S . au Togo, ont présenté leurs lettres de créance au président Olympio."
55. ^ a b Europe, France outremer - Issues 382-392 (in French). 1961. p. 61.
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57. ^ a b "Hoy conmemoramos el 61 aniversario de relaciones diplomáticas entre México y Guinea". Relaciones Exteriores (in Spanish). Retrieved 7 May 2023.
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86. ^ Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1967. p. 816\. "The new Guinean Ambassador to Rwanda and Burundi, M. Fily Cissoko, has presented his credentials to President Kayibanda and President Micombero respectively . ( Hor 28/6 )"
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