Foreign relations of Guyana

Politics of Guyana

Constitution

Executive

* President (list)

Irfaan Ali
* Vice President
* Prime Minister (list)

Mark Phillips

Legislature

* National Assembly

Speaker: Manzoor Nadir
* Leader of the Opposition

Aubrey Norton

Administrative divisions

* Regions
* Neighborhood Councils

Elections

* Recent elections

* General: 2015
* 2020
* 2025

* Political parties

Foreign relations

* Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Minister: Hugh Todd

* * *

* Diplomatic missions of / in Guyana

* * *

* Passport
* Visa requirements
* Visa policy

Guyana portal

* Other countries

* v
* t
* e

After independence in 1966, Guyana sought an influential role in international affairs, particularly among developing countries and non-aligned nations. It served twice on the UN Security Council (1975–76 and 1982–83). Former Vice President, Deputy Prime Minister, and Attorney General Mohamed Shahabuddeen served a 9-year term on the International Court of Justice (1987–1996). In June 2023, Guyana was elected as a non-permanent member to the UN Security Council. The country will serve on the council for a period of two years, beginning in January 2024.

Guyana has diplomatic relations with a wide range of nations, and these are managed primarily through its Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The European Union (EU), the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), the UN Development Programme (UNDP), the World Health Organization (WHO), and the Organization of American States (OAS) have offices in Georgetown.

## Regional relations

[edit]

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Guyana strongly supports the concept of regional integration. It played an important role in the founding of the Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM), but its historic status as the organization's poorest member limited its ability to exert leadership in regional activities. Since discovering and developing its offshore oil and gas reserves, Guyana has been reclassified by the World Bank as a high-income country. Guyana has sought to keep foreign policy in close alignment with the consensus of CARICOM members, especially in voting in the UN, OAS, and other international organizations. In 2022, Guyana joined the Regional Security System. The Guyana–Venezuela diplomatic crisis has compelled Guyana to expand defense and security relations with a variety of countries, namely Brazil, the United States, India, and the United Kingdom.

## International disputes

[edit]

All of the area west of the Essequibo River has at one point been under dispute, namely by Venezuela and Brazil.[1] In 1899, the government in Caracas reluctantly accepted the Venezuelan-Guyanese border but later revived its claim to the Essequibo in 1962.[2] Suriname has an ongoing dispute with Guyana and this pertains to the area east of the Upper Courantyne.[3]

Currently, two neighbours have longstanding territorial disputes with Guyana. Since the 19th century, Venezuela has claimed the majority or all of Guyana situated west of the Essequibo River – 62% of Guyana's territory. At a meeting in Geneva in 1966, the two countries agreed to receive recommendations from a representative of the UN Secretary General on ways to settle the dispute peacefully. Diplomatic contacts between the two countries and the Secretary General's representative continue. In December 2023, president Nicolás Maduro called for a public referendum which resulted in the government of Venezuela officially claiming ownership of the Essequibo, claim that resulted in the 2023 Guyana–Venezuela crisis.[4][5]

Neighbouring Suriname also claims the territory east of Guyana's New River, a largely uninhabited area of some 15,000 square kilometres (5,800 sq mi) in southeast Guyana. Guyana and Suriname also disputed their offshore maritime boundaries. This dispute flared up in June 2000 in response to an effort by a Canadian company to drill for oil under a Guyanese concession. Guyana regards its legal title to all of its territory as sound. However, the dispute with Suriname was arbitrated by the United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea and a ruling in favor of Guyana was announced in September 2007.[6][7][8]

## Crime

[edit]

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In 1993, Guyana ratified the 1988 Vienna Convention on illicit traffic in narcotic drugs and cooperates with US law enforcement agencies on counter-narcotics efforts. Guyana is also a member of the International Criminal Court with a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the US-military (as covered under Article 98).

Guyana has been considered a transshipment point for narcotics from South America, primarily Venezuela, to Europe and the United States and producer of cannabis.

## Relations by country

[edit]

List of countries which Guyana has diplomatic relations with:

#  | Country  | Date[9][10]
1  |  Saint Kitts and Nevis | Unknown[11]
2  |  Canada | 26 May 1966
3  |  India | 26 May 1966
4  |  Trinidad and Tobago | 26 May 1966
5  |  United Kingdom | 26 May 1966
6  |  United States | 26 May 1966[12]
7  |  Germany | 2 September 1966
8  |  Venezuela | 25 November 1966
9  |  Barbados | 30 November 1966
10  |  Italy | 12 April 1967
11  |  Japan | 11 June 1967[13][14]
12  |  France | 22 June 1967
13  |  Pakistan | 10 November 1967
14  |  Brazil | 26 August 1968[15]
15  |  Jamaica | 20 June 1969[16]
16  |  South Korea | 2 October 1969
17  |  Netherlands | 15 May 1970
18  |  Guinea | 8 June 1970
19  |  Uganda | 21 July 1970
20  |  Nigeria | 27 July 1970[17]
21  |  Haiti | 6 October 1970
22  |  Ethiopia | 13 October 1970
23  |  Dominican Republic | 19 October 1970
24  |  Russia | 17 December 1970
25  |  Colombia | 18 December 1970
26  |  Tanzania | 28 December 1970
27  |  Kenya | December 1970
28  |  Zambia | 11 February 1971
29  |  Belgium | 10 June 1971
30  |  Peru | 17 July 1971
31  |  Chile | 22 July 1971
32  |  Egypt | 10 September 1971
33  |  Cyprus | 11 February 1972
34  |  Bangladesh | 24 March 1972
35  |  Poland | 10 June 1972
36  |  China | 27 June 1972
37  |  Libya | 9 August 1972
38  |  Argentina | 6 October 1972
39  |  Cuba | 8 December 1972
40  |  Mexico | 1 March 1973
41  |  Panama | 16 March 1973
42  |  Austria | 3 April 1973
43  |  Turkey | 2 May 1973
44  |  Syria | 19 June 1973
45  |  Romania | 20 June 1973
46  |  Bahamas | 10 July 1973
47  |  Cambodia | 5 September 1973
48  |  Australia | 7 January 1974[18]
49  |  Costa Rica | 17 April 1974
50  |  North Korea | 18 May 1974
51  |  Ecuador | 2 July 1974
52  |  Sri Lanka | 14 July 1974
53  |  New Zealand | 1 September 1974
54  |  Iraq | 22 September 1974
55  |  Sierra Leone | 25 October 1974
56  |  Liberia | 11 November 1974
57  |  Vietnam | 19 April 1975
58  |  Hungary | 10 June 1975
59  |  Sweden | 16 June 1975
60  |  Mozambique | 21 August 1975
61  |  Botswana | 28 October 1975
62  |  Suriname | 25 November 1975
63  |  Malta | 12 March 1976
64  |  Czech Republic | 17 May 1976[19]
65  |  Malaysia | 26 April 1976
66  |  Algeria | 20 September 1976
67  |  Bulgaria | 25 March 1977
68  |   Switzerland | 24 May 1977
69  |  Angola | 24 July 1977
70  |  Dominica | 3 November 1978
71  |  Portugal | 5 December 1978
72  |  Saint Lucia | 22 February 1979
73  |  Finland | 2 April 1979
74  |  Ghana | 14 May 1979
75  |  Greece | 14 May 1979
76  |  Niger | 25 June 1979
77  |  Norway | 2 August 1979
78  |  Lesotho | 25 August 1979
79  |  Spain | 12 October 1979
80  |  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 27 October 1979
81  |  Denmark | 16 November 1979
82  |  Mongolia | 15 December 1979
83  |  Grenada | February 1980
84  |  Yemen | 14 June 1980
85  |  Zimbabwe | 19 June 1980
86  |  Nicaragua | 23 November 1981
87  |  Antigua and Barbuda | 3 February 1982
88  |  Albania | 1 May 1985
89  |  Uruguay | 3 June 1985
90  |  Iran | 6 September 1986
91  |  Bolivia | 12 March 1987
92  |  Burkina Faso | 23 September 1987
93  |  Thailand | 17 December 1987
94  |  Brunei | 20 June 1990
95  |  Israel | 9 March 1992
96  |  El Salvador | 1 May 1992
97  |  Guatemala | 1 May 1992
98  |  Honduras | 1 May 1992
99  |  Mauritius | 1 December 1992
100  |  Slovakia | 1 January 1993
101  |  Eswatini | 26 February 1993
102  |  Seychelles | 28 April 1993
103  |  Maldives | 13 April 1994
104  |  Paraguay | 14 April 1994
105  |    Nepal | 22 June 1994
106  |  South Africa | 4 November 1994
107  |  Namibia | 13 November 1994
108  |  United Arab Emirates | 6 February 1995
109  |  Lebanon | 2 March 1995
110  |  Kuwait | 17 August 1995
111  |  Azerbaijan | 1 September 1995
112  |  Oman | 17 January 1996
113  |  Qatar | 23 August 1996
114  |  Solomon Islands | 26 November 1996
115  |  Estonia | 19 April 1997
—  |  Holy See | 9 June 1997
116  |  Turkmenistan | 11 June 1997
117  |  Bahrain | 19 November 1997
118  |  Jordan | 19 August 1998
—  |  Sovereign Military Order of Malta | 19 May 1999
119  |  Indonesia | 27 August 1999
120  |  Ireland | 2 February 2000
121  |  Belarus | 20 February 2000
122  |  Ukraine | 15 November 2001
123  |  Singapore | 19 September 2002
124  |  North Macedonia | 22 September 2003
125  |  Armenia | 24 October 2003[20]
126  |  Iceland | 10 March 2005
127  |  Latvia | 16 March 2005
128  |  Croatia | 25 September 2006
129  |  Slovenia | 20 April 2007
130  |  Philippines | 25 September 2008
131  |  Luxembourg | 17 June 2009
132  |  Gambia | 24 September 2009
133  |  Senegal | 10 November 2009
134  |  Montenegro | 21 September 2011
135  |  Lithuania | 25 January 2012
136  |  Saudi Arabia | 22 February 2012
137  |  Georgia | 23 April 2012
—  |  Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic | 28 September 2012[21][22]
138  |  Tuvalu | 28 September 2012
139  |  Morocco | 14 December 2012
140  |  Kazakhstan | 11 January 2013[23][24]
—  |  State of Palestine | 21 February 2013
141  |  Bosnia and Herzegovina | 9 May 2013[25]
—  |  Kosovo | 13 June 2013
142  |  Moldova | 12 September 2013
143  |  Fiji | 8 December 2014
144  |  Kyrgyzstan | 23 September 2016[25]
145  |  San Marino | 17 February 2019[26]
146  |  Rwanda | 24 August 2022[25]
147  |  Tajikistan | 19 September 2022[27]
148  |  Uzbekistan | 10 October 2022[28]
149  |  Cape Verde | 4 April 2023[25]
150  |  Belize | 24 June 2024[29]
151  |  Benin | 9 July 2024[25]
152  |  Serbia | 22 September 2024[25]

### Africa

[edit]

Country  | Formal Relations Began  | Notes

|
|

Botswana | 1975 |

* Both countries have established diplomatic relations on 28 October 1975.[30]
* Guyana is covered through the Botswana Mission in New York City.[31]
* Both countries are full members of Commonwealth of Nations.

Namibia | 1994 |

* Both countries have established diplomatic relations on 13 December 1994.[30]
* Both countries are full members of Commonwealth of Nations.
* Guyana is accredited to Namibia from its high commission in Pretoria, South Africa.
* Namibia is accredited to Guyana from its Permanent Mission to the United Nations in New York City.

South Africa | 4 November 1994 |

* Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 November 1994.[32]
* South Africa is represented in Guyana through its High Commission in Kingston, Jamaica.[32]

### Americas

[edit]

Country  | Formal Relations Began  | Notes

|
|

Argentina | 6 October 1972 |

* Both countries have established diplomatic relations on 6 October 1972.[30]
* Argentina has an embassy in Georgetown, Guyana.[33]
* Both countries are full members of Organization of American States and Union of South American Nations.

Barbados |  | See Barbados–Guyana relations

The relations between Guyana and Barbados had its genesis to a time when both Guyana (then British Guiana) and Barbados were both British colonies. Shortly after Great Britain secured British Guiana from the Dutch, waves of migrants were encouraged to move and settle in Guyana. Barbados was one such location where large numbers of migrants came from. Through time Barbados and Guyana have both supported each other. With the move towards independence in the region Guyana was seen as the breadbasket of the wider Caribbean which led to yet more waves of Barbadians seeking to move to Guyana for better opportunities.

Relations have been rocky, during the 1990s, immigration became contentious for Guyanese persons to Barbados. Such terms as the "Guyanese bench" in the immigration area of the Barbados Sir Grantley Adams International Airport have tested both states at times. The two nations continue their cooperation through the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and work towards building and maintaining good relations between their nationals. Both nations also attempt to maintain open communications at high levels of both Governments.

More recently the Guyanese Government has extended an offer to Barbadians.[34][35] The Guyanese government has offered to put in place an economically favourable regime towards any Barbadians that wish to relocate to Guyana and contribute towards that nation's goals in agricultural investment.[36] The announcement was made in the final days of the Owen Arthur administration by MP member Mia Mottley.

In the early 1990s the Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago, Patrick Manning pitched an initiative for Barbados, Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago to enter into some form of political union or political association. This initiative was short lived and didn't proceed following the Democratic Labour Party's defeat during the 1994 elections.

Brazil |  | See Brazil–Guyana relations

Brazil–Guyana relations have traditionally been close. Brazil has provided military assistance to Guyana in the form of war fare training and logistics. Bilateral relations between the countries have recently increased, as a result of Brazil's new South-South foreign policy aimed to strengthen South American integration.

During a state visit by Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva to Georgetown on 2 March 2007, the governments of Guyana and Brazil signed several cooperation agreements and announced plans to boost trade between the two countries.

Canada |  |

Canada started relations with Guyana in 1964[37] with the construction of the Commission of Canada in Georgetown. In 1966 it became a Canadian High Commission. There is a Guyanese High Commission in Ottawa and a Guyanese Consulate in Toronto.

Canada and Guyana have strong ties through the Commonwealth of Nations. There is an estimated 200,000 Guyanese living in Canada. The Royal Canadian Mounted Police and the Guyanese police work closely to help with drug, and human smuggling.

Guyana's largest import from Canada is machinery (CAD $13 mil), and export is precious metals (CAD$482 mil).[38] Food exports generally cater to Canada's Guyanese diaspora population.[39]

Dominica | 3 November 1978 |

Dominica and Guyana have established diplomatic relations on 3 November 1978.[40]

* Guyana has a High Commission in Roseau.[41]

Mexico | 1 March 1973 | See Guyana–Mexico relations

* Guyana is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.[42]
* Mexico has an embassy in Georgetown.[43]

Suriname | 25 November 1975 | See Guyana–Suriname relations

* Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 November 1975.[9]
* Both countries are full members of the Organization of American States, and of the Caribbean Community.
* There is an ongoing territorial dispute between Guyana and Suriname regarding the Tigri Area.

Trinidad and Tobago | 26 May 1966 | See Guyana-Trinidad and Tobago relations

Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago have had historically close ties due to their shared culture, history, dominion under the British empire, demographics and religion. Both Countries have a substantial population of Hindus from indentured servitude from India along with a large African population from Africa. Both countries are a part of the Commonwealth of Nations and CARICOM. Trinidad was the largest forgiver of debt in the 1990s Paris Club Agreement to Guyana, forgiving Hundred of Millions of Debt. A substantial number of Guyanese people live in Trinidad and Tobago. In recent years, relations between the two countries warmed with Guyana establishing its First Diplomatic Mission in Port of Spain in 2017. In 2018, they signed a Memorandum of Understanding on Energy Cooperation.

United States |  | See Guyana–United States relations

U.S. policy toward The Co-operative Republic of Guyana seeks to develop robust, sustainable democratic institutions, laws, and political practices; support economic growth and development; and promote stability and security. During the last years of his administration, President Hoyte sought to improve relations with the United States as part of a decision to move his country toward genuine political nonalignment. Relations also were improved by Hoyte's efforts to respect human rights, invite international observers for the 1992 elections, and reform electoral laws. The United States also welcomed the Hoyte government's economic reform and efforts, which stimulated investment and growth. The 1992 democratic elections and Guyana's reaffirmation of sound economic policies and respect for human rights have placed U.S.-Guyanese relations on an excellent footing. Under successive PPP governments, the United States and Guyana continued to improve relations. President Cheddi Jagan was committed to democracy, adopted more free market policies, and pursued sustainable development for Guyana's environment.

* Guyana has an embassy in Washington, DC and a consulate-general in New York City.
* United States has an embassy in Georgetown.[44]

Uruguay | 1985 |

* Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 June 1985.[30]
* Both countries are full members of Organization of American States and Union of South American Nations.

Venezuela |  | See Guyana–Venezuela relations

Venezuela claimed more than half of the territory of the British colony of Guyana at the time of the Latin American wars of independence, a dispute that was settled by arbitration in 1899. In 1962 Venezuela declared that it would no longer abide by the arbitration decision, which ceded mineral-rich territory in the Orinoco basin to Guyana. The area is called "Guayana Esequiba" by Venezuela. A border commission was set up in 1966 with representatives from Guyana, Venezuela and Great Britain, but failed to reach agreement. Venezuela vetoed Guyana's bid to become a member of the Organization of American States (OAS) in 1967. In 1969 Venezuela backed an abortive uprising in the disputed area.

Under intense diplomatic pressure, Venezuela agreed in 1970 to a 12-year moratorium on the dispute with the Protocol of Port-of-Spain. In 1981, Venezuela refused to renew the protocol. However, with changes to the governments of both countries relations improved, to the extent that in 1990 Venezuela sponsored Guyana's bid for OAS membership in 1990.[45][46]

### Asia

[edit]

Country  | Formal Relations Began  | Notes

|
|

China |  |

See China–Guyana relations

Bilateral relations are good and progress on the economic side.[47] In 2022 exports from Guyana to China reached sum $1 billion.[48] Currently Chinese state owned companies are working to construct the largest bridge in Guyana which will span the Demerara River.[49] Trade between the two nations has grown significantly, rising from $180 million in 2013 to $1.4 billion in 2024.[50] However, China recently expressed displeasure with Guyanese President Irfaan Ali’s stance during U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio’s visit, reaffirming its commitment to China-Guyana friendship.[50]

India |  | See Guyana–India relations

Relations between India and Guyana ever since the independence of Guyana in May 1966 have been cordial.[51] The cordiality in the relation remains unaffected with changes in governments either in India or in Guyana. Late Shrimati Indira Gandhi, the then Prime Minister of India, visited Guyana in 1968, late Dr. Shankar Dayal Sharma, the then Vice President of India visited Guyana in 1988 and Shri Bhairon Singh Shekhawat, the then Vice President of India came on a state visit to Guyana in 2006.[51]

The cooperation between the two countries in sharing developmental experience is mainly routed through Indian Technical & Economic Cooperation (ITEC) under which forty scholarships are granted every year in various courses. Besides, some experts are also deputed to Guyana from time to time on request in specified areas of activity. Several other scholarships are also available to Guyanese to pursue long-term courses, to get acquainted with India and to learn Hindi language in India.

India has offered credit facilities to Guyana for use in mutually accepted designated fields, agriculture and information technology, being two of these. Indian companies have also expressed interest in bio fuel, energy, minerals and pharmaceuticals. Total trade turn over remains low, though the trend is positive.

Indian Cultural Centre in Georgetown was established in 1972 with the objective of strengthening cultural relations and mutual understanding between India and Guyana and their peoples. The Centre runs regular classes in Yoga and Dance (Kathak). The centre has a well equipped Auditorium where cultural events are organised on a regular basis. The teachers and students of ICC participate in events by the local community on various occasions round the year. The centre has a library with books/publications on history, literature, art, culture, mythology and works of eminent scholars and authors.

An important cultural connection between India and Guyana is cricket. With the advent of the Indian Premier League, many Guyanese players were contracted to play in India.[51]

Qatar |  |

* Guyana has an embassy in Doha.
* Qatar has an embassy in Georgetown.

South Korea | June 13, 1968 |

The Republic of Guyana and The Republic of Korea established diplomatic relations on 1968-06-13.[52]

### Europe

[edit]

Country  | Formal Relations Began  | Notes

|
|

Croatia | 25 February 2003 |

* Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 February 2003.[53]
* Croatia is represented in Guyana through its Permanent Mission in New York City.[54]

Cyprus | 11 May 2011 |

* Both countries established diplomatic relation on 11 May 2011.[55]
* Cyprus is represented in Guyana by its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.[56]
* Both countries are full members of Commonwealth of Nations.

Denmark | 16 November 1979 |

* Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 November 1979.[30]
* Denmark is represented in Guyana, through its embassy in Brasília.[57]
* Guyana is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Brussels.

Finland | 1979 |

* Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 April 1979.[30]
* Guyana is represented in Finland by their embassy in Brussels, Belgium.
* Finland also has an honorary consulate general in Georgetown.

France | 1967 |

* Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 June 1967.[30]
* France is represented in Guyana through its embassy in Paramaribo, Suriname.[58]
* France has an honorary consulate in Guyana.[59]
* Both countries have passed a number of bilateral treaties.[60]

Germany | 1966 | See: Germany–Guyana relations

* Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1966.[61]
* Germany is represented in Guyana through its embassy in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago.[62]

Georgia | 23 April 2012 |

* Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 April 2012.[63]
* Bilateral political consultations between the Foreign Agencies cooperation is ongoing between both countries in political, legal, cultural, trade and economic relations. Cooperation concerning the academic exchanges is successfully implemented.[63]

Greece | 14 May 1979 |

* Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 May 1979.[30]
* Greece is represented in Guyana by its embassy in Caracas, Venezuela.[64]
* Greece has provided Guyana with development aid in the past.[64]

Netherlands | 15 May 1970 |

* Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 May 1970.[65]
* Netherlands is represented in Guyana by its embassy in Paramaribo, Suriname
* Suriname is represented in the Netherlands by its embassy in Brussels, Belgium

Russia | 17 December 1970 | See Guyana–Russia relations

* Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 December 1970.
* Guyana is represented in Russia by its High Commission in London, United Kingdom.
* Russia is represented in Guyana by its embassy in Georgetown, Guyana.

Serbia | 5 November 1968 |

* Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 November 1968.[66]
* Serbia is represented in Guyana through its embassy in Washington, D.C.[67]

United Kingdom | 26 May 1966 | See Foreign relations of the United Kingdom

Guyana established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on the 26 May 1966.[68]

* Guyana maintains a high commission in London.[68]
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Guyana through its high commission in Georgetown.[69]

The UK governed Guyana from 1803 to 1966, when Guyana achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact,[70] the Commonwealth, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.[71] Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.[72]

### Oceania

[edit]

Country  | Formal Relations Began  | Notes

|
|

Australia |  |

* Australia is represented in Guyana through its embassy in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago.[73]
* Both countries are members of the Commonwealth of Nations.[74]

## See also

[edit]

* Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Guyana)
* List of diplomatic missions in Guyana
* List of diplomatic missions of Guyana

## References and notes

[edit]

[75]

1. ^ "What to Know About Venezuela's Move to Claim Guyana Region". Time. 6 December 2023. Retrieved 8 April 2025.
2. ^ "Guyana–Venezuela Territorial Dispute". Security Council Report. 1 April 2024. Retrieved 8 April 2025.
3. ^ "Understanding the Guyana and Suriname Border Dispute". Global Indian Network. 4 September 2024. Retrieved 8 April 2025.
4. ^ "Venezuelans approve a referendum to claim sovereignty over a swathe of neighboring Guyana". ABC News. Retrieved 6 December 2023.
5. ^ "Tensions rise as Venezuelans vote on disputed territory in neighbouring Guyana". The Guardian. Associated Press. 3 December 2023. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 6 December 2023.
6. ^ "Welcome to guyanachronicle.com". Archived from the original on 6 April 2009. Retrieved 9 July 2007.
7. ^ Guyana to experience ‘massive' oil exploration this year
8. ^ Business: News in the Caribbean – Caribbean360.com Archived 29 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
9. ^ a b "Diplomatic relations". Archived from the original on 16 February 2019. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
10. ^ "Countries with which Guyana has Establishment Diplomatic Relations" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
11. ^ "ST. KITTS AND NEVIS' PRIME MINISTER CONGRATULATES GUYANA ON ITS 52nd ANNIVERSARY OF INDEPENDENCE". 28 May 2018. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
12. ^ "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Guyana". Office of the Historian. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
13. ^ "President Granger accredits new Japanese Ambassador to Guyana". op.gov.gy. 17 July 2019. Archived from the original on 27 January 2021. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
14. ^ "Japan-Guyana Relations (Basic Data)". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
15. ^ "Foreign Minister meets with Brazilian Ambassador". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation Guyana. 16 March 2021. Retrieved 4 June 2025.
16. ^ "Countries with which Jamaica has Established Diplomatic Relations". 16 April 2021. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
17. ^ Summary of World Broadcasts Non-Arab Africa · Issues 3420-3497. British Broadcasting Corporation. Monitoring Service. 1970. p. 5\. "... on 27th July the Guyana Government announced the establishment of diplomatic relations with Nigeria and its acceptance of Edwin Ogbu as the Nigerian High Commissioner to Guyana."
18. ^ Australian Government Digest Volume 2, Issues 1-2. Australian Government Pub. Services. 1974. p. 66\. "... 7 January 1974 The Minister for Foreign Affairs , Senator Don Willesee , announced today the establishment of diplomatic relations with the Bahamas , Barbados , Guyana , Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago ."
19. ^ Petruf, Pavol. Československá zahraničná politika 1945 – 1992 (in Slovak). pp. 99–119.
20. ^ "Guyana". MFA of Armenia. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
21. ^ "Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic to open mission here". Guyana Times. 26 July 2012. Archived from the original on 5 August 2012. Retrieved 8 August 2012.
22. ^ "Lehbib Breika presents credentials as SADR ambassador to Guyana". Sahara Press Service. 12 December 2013. Archived from the original on 9 May 2015. Retrieved 12 December 2013.
23. ^ "Guyana and Kazakhstan establish diplomatic relations". 15 January 2013. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
24. ^ "Countries which has established Diplomatic Relations with Kazakhstan". The Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Kazakhstan. Archived from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 4 June 2025.
25. ^ a b c d e f "Diplomatic relations between Guyana and ..." United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
26. ^ "Guyana establishes diplomatic ties with San Marino". Guyana Chronicle. 17 February 2019. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
27. ^ "Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, Hon. Hugh Hilton Todd, earlier today signed a joint communique". 19 September 2022. Retrieved 19 September 2022.
28. ^ "Uzbekistan establishes diplomatic relations with Cooperative Republic of Guyana". 11 October 2022. Retrieved 11 October 2022.
29. ^ "Belize Establishes Diplomatic Relations with Guyana, Opens High Commission". 25 June 2024. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
30. ^ a b c d e f g h "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
31. ^ "Bilateral Relations: G". www.mofaic.gov.bw. Archived from the original on 1 January 2017. Retrieved 13 January 2022.
32. ^ a b "South African Department of International Relations and Cooperation". Archived from the original on 19 November 2016. Retrieved 18 November 2016.
33. ^ "Embajada en Guyana" (in Spanish). Eguya.cancilleria.gov.ar. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
34. ^ "The Nation Newspaper | the Guyana land offer to Barbados". Archived from the original on 13 June 2008. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
35. ^ "The Nation Newspaper | Guyana land lease offer 'ridiculous'". Archived from the original on 11 December 2007. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
36. ^ "The Nation Newspaper | Guyana low cost land". Archived from the original on 4 November 2007. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
37. ^ Canada, Global Affairs (4 November 2008). "Canada - Guyana Relations". GAC. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
38. ^ Canada, Global Affairs (4 November 2008). "Fact Sheet". www.canadainternational.gc.ca. Retrieved 14 February 2021.
39. ^ "Guyana's exports to Canada enjoyed mixed blessings in last five years". Stabroek News. 31 October 2008. Retrieved 14 February 2021.
40. ^ "Countries with which Guyana has Establishment Diplomatic Relations" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 March 2016.
41. ^ Guyana's Diplomatic & Consular Representatives
42. ^ "Non-resident ambassador of Guyana presents letter of accreditation to the President of Mexico (in Spanish)". Archived from the original on 6 March 2014. Retrieved 3 December 2014.
43. ^ Embassy of Mexico in Georgetown (in English and Spanish)
44. ^ "Embassy of the United States in Georgetown". Archived from the original on 14 October 2014. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
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47. ^ China ministry of foreign affairs
48. ^ China-Guyana trade near one billion US dollars so far this year
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50. ^ a b "China displeased with Guyana, US talks". www.surinametimes.com. Retrieved 31 March 2025.
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52. ^ "Search | Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea".
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* v
* t
* e

Foreign relations of Guyana

Americas|

* Barbados
* Brazil
* Colombia
* Mexico
* Suriname
* Trinidad and Tobago
* United States
* Venezuela

Asia|

* China
* India

Europe|

* Germany
* Russia
* Spain

Former|

* Yugoslavia

Diplomatic missions of / in Guyana

* v
* t
* e

Foreign relations of the Caribbean

* British West Indies
* Danish West Indies
* Dutch Caribbean
* Caribbean Netherlands
* Netherlands Antilles
* French West Indies
* West Indies Federation

West
Indies|

| Antilles|

| Greater
Antilles|

* Cayman Islands
* Cuba
* Jamaica
* Navassa Island
* Puerto Rico

| Hispaniola|

* Dominican Republic
* Haiti

|

Lesser
Antilles|

| Leeward
Islands|

* Anguilla
* Antigua and Barbuda
* Guadeloupe
* La Désirade
* Les Saintes
* Marie-Galante
* Montserrat
* Saba^*
* Saint Barthélemy
* Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Sint Eustatius^*

| Saint Martin^|

* Collectivity of Saint Martin
* Sint Maarten

|

Virgin Islands|

* British Virgin Islands
* U.S. Virgin Islands

Southern
Caribbean|

| Leeward
Antilles|

* Insular Venezuela
* Federal Dependencies
* Nueva Esparta

| ABC islands|

* Aruba
* Bonaire*
* Curaçao

|

Windward
Islands|

* Dominica
* Grenada
* Carriacou and Petite Martinique
* Martinique
* Saint Lucia
* Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

*  Barbados†
* Trinidad and Tobago†

Lucayan
Archipelago|

* Bahamas
* Turks and Caicos Islands

Caribbean
Sea|

* Aves Island
* San Andrés and Providencia
* Bajo Nuevo Bank~
* Serranilla Bank~

Caribbean
continental
zone|

* Quintana Roo
* Cozumel

| Central America|

* Belize
* Honduras
* Bay Islands
* Izabal
* Limón
* Corn Islands
* North Caribbean Coast
* South Caribbean Coast
* Panama

|

South America|

* Colombian Caribbean
* Venezuelan Caribbean

Wider
groupings
may include:|

* Bermuda#
* Costa Rica
* El Salvador
* Guatemala
* Nicaragua

| Yucatán Peninsula|

* Campeche
* Petén
* Yucatán

|

The Guianas|

* Amapá
* French Guiana
* Venezuelan Guayana
* Guyana
* Guayana Esequibaǂ
* Tigri Areaǂ
* Suriname

N.B.: Territories in italics are parts of transregional sovereign states or non-sovereign dependencies.

^These three form the SSS islands that with the ABC islands comprise the Dutch Caribbean, of which *the BES islands are not direct Kingdom constituents but subsumed with the country of the Netherlands.

†Physiographically, these continental islands are not part of the volcanic Windward Islands arc, although sometimes grouped with them culturally and politically.

ǂDisputed territories administered by Guyana. ~Disputed territories administered by Colombia.

#Bermuda is an isolated North Atlantic oceanic island, physiographically not part of the Lucayan Archipelago, Antilles, Caribbean Sea nor North American continental nor South American continental islands. It is grouped with the Northern American region, but occasionally also with the Caribbean region culturally.

* v
* t
* e

Foreign relations in the Americas

Sovereign
states|

* Antigua and Barbuda
* Argentina
* Bahamas
* Barbados
* Belize
* Bolivia
* Brazil
* Canada
* Chile
* Colombia
* Costa Rica
* Cuba
* Dominica
* Dominican Republic
* Ecuador
* El Salvador
* Grenada
* Guatemala
* Guyana
* Haiti
* Honduras
* Jamaica
* Mexico
* Nicaragua
* Panama
* Paraguay
* Peru
* Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Saint Lucia
* Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
* Suriname
* Trinidad and Tobago
* United States
* Uruguay
* Venezuela

Dependencies
and territories|

* Anguilla
* Aruba
* Bermuda
* Bonaire
* British Virgin Islands
* Cayman Islands
* Curaçao
* Falkland Islands
* French Guiana
* Greenland
* Guadeloupe
* Martinique
* Montserrat
* Puerto Rico
* Saba
* Saint Barthélemy
* Saint Martin
* Saint Pierre and Miquelon
* Sint Eustatius
* Sint Maarten
* South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
* Turks and Caicos Islands
* U.S. Virgin Islands

* North America
* Central America
* Caribbean
*   *   *   * South America

* v
* t
* e

Foreign relations of South America

Sovereign states|

* Argentina
* Bolivia
* Brazil
* Chile
* Colombia
* Ecuador
* Guyana
* Panama
* Paraguay
* Peru
* Suriname
* Trinidad and Tobago
* Uruguay
* Venezuela

Dependencies|

* Aruba (Netherlands)
* Falkland Islands (UK)
* French Guiana (France)
* Netherlands Antilles (Netherlands)
* South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (UK)

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