Foreign relations of Mali

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources: "Foreign relations of Mali" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2025) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

|

Politics of Mali

Constitution

* Human rights

Slavery

Government

* Interim President

Assimi Goïta
* Interim Prime Minister

Abdoulaye Maïga
* Council of Ministers

Parliament

* National Assembly

Speaker: Vacant

Administrative divisions

* Regions
* Cercles
* Arrondissements
* Communes

Elections

* Recent elections

* Presidential: 2018
* 2024

* Parliamentary: 2020
* next

* Political parties

Foreign relations

* Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Minister: Abdoulaye Diop

* * *

* Diplomatic missions of / in Mali

* * *

* Passport
* Visa requirements
* Visa policy

* * *

* Foreign aid

Mali portal

* Other countries

* v
* t
* e

A Malian Visa

Following independence in 1960, Mali initially followed a socialist path and was aligned ideologically with the communist bloc. Mali's foreign policy orientation became increasingly pragmatic and pro-Western over time. Since the institution of a democratic form of government in 1992, Mali's relations with the West in general and the United States in particular have improved significantly. U.S.-Malian relations are described by the U.S. Department of State as "excellent and expanding," especially given Mali's recent record of democratic stability in the volatile area of West Africa and its avowed support of the war on terrorism. Mali is reported to be one of the largest recipients of U.S. aid in Africa.[1]

Mali is active in regional organizations such as the African Union (AU). Working to control and resolve regional conflicts, such as in Ivory Coast, Liberia, and Sierra Leone, is one of Mali's major foreign policy goals. Mali feels threatened by the potential for the spillover of conflicts in neighboring states, and relations with those neighbors are often uneasy. General insecurity along borders in the north, including cross-border banditry and terrorism, remain troubling issues in regional regions.[1]

Although Azawad, a region spanning the expansive north of Mali, was proclaimed independent in April 2012 by Tuareg rebels, Mali has not recognised the de facto state.[2] Britain has closed its embassy; ECOWAS has declared an embargo against Mali, aiming to squeeze out Malian oil supplies; closed Mali's assets in the ECOWAS regional bank and has prepared a potential intervention force of 3,000 troops. France has declared it will assist in a potential intervention.[3]

## Multilateral membership

[edit]

Mali is a member of the United Nations (and many of its specialized agencies), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, the World Trade Organization (WTO), the International Labour Organization (ILO), the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the Universal Postal Union (UPU) and the International Criminal Court (ICC). It also belongs to the Organisation of African Unity (OAU); Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC); Non-Aligned Movement (NAM); an associate member of the European Community (EC); and African Development Bank (ADB).

Mali is active in regional organizations. It participates in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and the West African Economic Monetary Union (UEMOA) for regional economic integration; Liptako–Gourma Authority, which seeks to develop the contiguous areas of Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso; the Niger River Commission; the Permanent Interstate Committee for drought control in the Sahel (CILSS); and the Senegal River Valley Development Organization (OMVS).

Historically, Mali has used these organizations to leverage the promotion of regional peacekeeping efforts. One of the largest issues facing the country is security threats from extremist groups and consequential political unrest. One of the most prominent examples of this is Mali's former membership the G5 Sahel with the fellow member states Burkina Faso (formerly), Chad, Mauritania, and Niger (formerly). The Sahel was originally formed on 16 February 2014, with the main objective of encouraging security and development. This partnership is historically significant due to the group's shared colonizer, France. In its first year of existence, the organization formed a legal framework for strategic intervention and a secretariat located in Nouakchott, Mauritania.[4] The framework was titled the Development and Security Strategy (SDS). In 2017, the G5 Sahel Joint Force was created and funded through the Priority Investment Program (PIP), aiming to reduce violence and create more stability in the region. In a December 2018 coordination conference, $2.6 billion was pledged from foreign nations including the United States, European Union, Saudi Arabia, and China. American and French financial support is suspected to be, in part, a result of their consequentially lowered troop commitment in the region. This military collective targets organized crime and religious extremists specifically with cross-border operations. In addition to military-centered approaches, Mali and Niger have implemented Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration, or DDR, programs while Mauritania and Burkina Faso have not. DDR is an approach that removes weapons, breaks up crime organizations, and reintegrates combatants into civilian life or state-sanctioned armed forces. Although more costly and time-intensive, DDR has proven to be more sustainable than other stabilization approaches over time.[5] The G5 Sahel has been weakening in the most recent years, with many forces from the European Union pulling their troops to concentrate their efforts on the Russian invasion of Ukraine.[6] However, to compensate, the Sahel member states have reported on plans to expand the size of their force from six to fourteen battalions.[7] Biannual reports from the Sahel have revealed that the efforts have become increasingly dire with high humanitarian needs and large terrorist activity with large resource and land occupation.[8] This eventually lead to its withdrawal on 15 May 2022.[9]

As seen with the G5-Sahel, Mali has not been a particularly active or compliant member of these organizations as a result of their ongoing political unrest. Despite some early successful peacekeeping initiatives by ECOWAS and the AU, their most recent joint policies are facing challenges of limited institutional capacity, low enforcement, and inexplicit language surrounding its implementation.[10] ECOWAS was originally founded to promote economic development across its 15 West African member states, but also works to promote political institutions and stability. Recently, it promised to end the unconstitutional takeover of political power in member states,[11] but Mali has since developed new policies to distance themselves from the organization and limit its reach.[12]

The UN has also attempted many peacekeeping missions focusing on political unrest, economic objectives, and women's rights throughout Mali's history. The most notable effort began with the UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) in 2013. In 2022, Mali restricted United Nations peacekeeping operations through their security council[13] and, in June 2023, asked for them to be removed. Although this program is being dissolved, some UN presence will remain in Mali. This effort kept about 15,000 soldiers and police personnel in Mali throughout the project's decade, but has recently been threatened by nearby territorial conflicts. It is also rumored that this removal may be the result of some strategic differences.[14] Since the AU's creation in 2002, there have been some difficulties aligning it with the UN. Generally, the AU prioritizes short-term solutions over long-term, which is opposite to the UN. This disagreement has contributed to arguments about jurisdiction and the correct approach to security efforts.[15]

## Diplomatic relations

[edit]

List of countries which Mali maintains diplomatic relations with:

#  | Country  | Date
1  |  France | 20 August 1960[16]
2  |  Germany | 23 September 1960[17]
3  |  United States | 24 September 1960[18]
4  |  Ghana | 14 October 1960[19]
5  |  Liberia | 14 October 1960[20]
6  |  Russia | 14 October 1960[21]
7  |  Czech Republic | 17 October 1960[22]
8  |  Bulgaria | 23 October 1960[23]
9  |  China | 25 October 1960[24]
10  |  Vietnam | 31 October 1960[25]
11  |  Serbia | 4 November 1960[26]
—  |  Israel (suspended)  | 27 November 1960[27]
12  |  Romania | 1 December 1960[28]
13  |  Cuba | 30 December 1960[29]
14  |  Egypt | 10 January 1961[30]
15  |  Morocco | 10 January 1961[30]
16  |  Mongolia | 25 January 1961[31]
17  |  Guinea | 3 March 1961[32]
18  |  Hungary | 12 March 1961[33]
19  |  United Kingdom | 15 March 1961[34]
20  |  Burkina Faso | 18 March 1961[35]
21  |  Poland | 12 May 1961[36]
22  |  Switzerland | 26 May 1961[37]
23  |  North Korea | 29 August 1961[38]
24  |  Lebanon | 9 October 1961[39]
25  |  Democratic Republic of the Congo | 23 November 1961[40][41]
26  |  Japan | 18 January 1962[42]
27  |  Brazil | 24 January 1962[43]
28  |  India | 24 January 1962[44]
29  |  Ivory Coast | 16 April 1962[45]
30  |  Italy | 27 April 1962[46]
31  |  Niger | 1 August 1962[47]
32  |  Nigeria | 1 August 1962[48]
33  |  Sudan | 19 August 1962[49]
34  |  Haiti | 21 August 1962[50]
35  |  Cameroon | 13 October 1962[51][52]
36  |  Saudi Arabia | 1962[53]
37  |  Sierra Leone | 1962[54]
38  |  Canada | 7 January 1963[55]
39  |  Republic of the Congo | 20 February 1963[56]
40  |  Turkey | 17 April 1963[57]
41  |  Senegal | 22 June 1963[58]
42  |  Kuwait | 3 July 1963[59]
43  |  Algeria | 22 July 1963[60]
44  |  Belgium | 1 August 1963[61]
45  |  Chile | 5 September 1963[62]
46  |  Gabon | 30 October 1963[63]
47  |  Mauritania | 1963[64]
48  |  Pakistan | 1963[65]
49  |  Tunisia | 1963[66]
50  |  Ethiopia | 23 March 1964[67]
51  |  Netherlands | 11 July 1964[68]
52  |  Spain | 20 August 1964[69]
53  |  Argentina | 8 September 1964[70]
54  |  Burundi | 4 November 1964[71]
55  |  Kenya | 4 November 1964[71]
56  |  Uganda | 4 November 1964[71]
57  |  Tanzania | 24 November 1964[72]
58  |  Syria | 29 November 1964[73]
59  |  Sweden | 25 January 1965[74]
60  |  Albania | 9 February 1965[75]
61  |  Indonesia | 21 June 1965[76]
62  |  Benin | 27 August 1965[77]
63  |  Luxembourg | 15 December 1965[78]
64  |  Chad | 15 January 1966[79]
65  |  Central African Republic | 1968[80]
66  |  Togo | 1969[81]
67  |  Austria | 21 February 1970[82]
68  |  Gambia | 25 June 1971[83]
69  |  Libya | 17 November 1972[84]
70  |  Denmark | 1972[85]
71  |  Fiji | 10 April 1973[86]
72  |  Iran | 12 April 1975[87]
73  |  Cambodia | 31 October 1976[88]
74  |  Portugal | 17 December 1976[89]
75  |  Venezuela | 24 December 1976[90]
76  |  Greece | 1976[91]
77  |  Laos | 2 January 1977[92]
78  |  Mexico | 23 March 1977[93]
79  |  Bahrain | 6 June 1977[94]
80  |  Norway | 17 June 1977[95]
81  |  Qatar | 1977[96]
82  |  Oman | 2 March 1979[97]
83  |  Yemen | April 1979[98]
—  |  Holy See | 29 October 1979[99]
84  |  Cape Verde | 1979[100]
85  |  Somalia | 1979[101]
86  |  Iraq | 5 September 1980[102]
87  |  Maldives | 16 October 1980[103]
88  |  Malta | 8 December 1980[104]
89  |  Guinea-Bissau | 1980[105]
90  |  United Arab Emirates | 18 August 1981[106]
91  |  Thailand | 15 September 1981[107]
92  |  Bangladesh | 30 September 1981[108]
93  |  Malaysia | 21 August 1982[109]
94  |  New Zealand | 6 March 1983[110]
95  |  Australia | 15 March 1984[111]
—  |  Sovereign Military Order of Malta | 1986[112]
96  |  Rwanda | 6 January 1987[113]
97  |  Zambia | 2 October 1987[114]
98  |  Jordan | 25 April 1988[115]
99  |  Colombia | 29 September 1988[116]
100  |  Singapore | 29 August 1989[117]
—  |  State of Palestine | 1989[118]
101  |  Cyprus | 26 January 1990[119]
102  |  Brunei | 1 May 1990[120]
103  |  South Korea | 27 September 1990[121]
104  |  Kyrgyzstan | 5 November 1992[122]
—  |  Ukraine (severed)[123] | 5 November 1992[124]
105  |  Estonia | 13 November 1992[125]
106  |  Turkmenistan | 16 November 1992[126]
107  |  Kazakhstan | 26 November 1992[127]
108  |  Latvia | 26 November 1992[128]
109  |  Slovenia | 3 December 1992[129]
110  |  Slovakia | 12 February 1993[130]
111  |  Nicaragua | 27 July 1993[131]
112  |  Tajikistan | 15 October 1993[132]
113  |  Belarus | 3 November 1993[133]
114  |  Equatorial Guinea | 4 November 1993[134]
115  |  Armenia | 21 February 1994[135]
116  |  South Africa | 6 May 1994[136]
117  |  Bosnia and Herzegovina | 10 December 1994[137]
118  |  Lithuania | 21 November 1995[138]
119  |  Azerbaijan | 26 November 1996[139]
120  |  Uzbekistan | 13 February 1997[140]
121  |  Peru | 16 July 1998[141]
122  |  Seychelles | April 2001[142]
123  |  Croatia | 13 September 2001[143]
124  |  Angola | 28 October 2002[144]
124  |  Philippines | 2002[145]
126  |  Madagascar | 1 August 2003[146]
127  |  Mauritius | 1 December 2003[116]
128  |  Jamaica | 17 December 2003[116]
129  |  Iceland | 23 July 2004[116]
130  |  Moldova | 27 September 2004[116]
131  |  Namibia | 27 October 2004[147]
132  |  Finland | 18 August 2005[116]
133  |  Zimbabwe | 23 March 2006[148]
134  |  Guatemala | 7 July 2006[116]
135  |  Dominican Republic | 15 September 2006[149]
136  |  Botswana | 5 June 2007[116]
137  |  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 11 June 2007[116]
138  |  Nepal | 19 November 2009[150]
139  |  Paraguay | 25 June 2010[151]
140  |  Mozambique | 13 July 2011[152]
141  |  Sri Lanka | 19 January 2012[116]
142  |  Monaco | 26 January 2012[153]
143  |  Eritrea | 16 February 2012[154]
144  |  Montenegro | 10 May 2012[116]
145  |  Georgia | 31 May 2012[116]
146  |  Djibouti | 12 November 2012[155]
147  |  El Salvador | 23 September 2014[156]
148  |  Ecuador | 17 April 2015[116]
149  |  Comoros | 16 February 2016[157]
150  |  Barbados | 22 July 2021[116]
151  |  Malawi | 2 August 2023[158]
152  |  São Tomé and Príncipe | 8 December 2023[159]
153  |  Saint Lucia | 26 June 2024[116]
154  |  Bolivia | 6 December 2024[116]
155  |  Ireland | Unknown[160]
156  |  Uruguay | Unknown

## Bilateral relations

[edit]

Country  | Formal Relations Began  | Notes

|
|

Algeria | 22 July 1963 |

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 July 1963.[60]

During the Tuareg rebellion of 2012, the Algerian consulate was seized by at least two people wearing explosives belts. Seven hostages were taken, including the consul. In regards to Azawad's UDI, Algeria's Prime Minister has declared it would never "accept questioning Mali's territorial integrity" Algeria has planned to co-ordinate with MNLA to work towards freeing the hostages.

* Algeria has an embassy in Bamako.
* Mali has an embassy in Algiers.

Azerbaijan | 26 November 1996  |

* Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 November 1996[139]
* The Azerbaijani embassy in Rabat is accredited to Mali.[161]

Belgium | 1 August 1963  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 August 1963 when M. Gerard Walravens, first Ambassador of Belgium to Mali, resident in Abidjan, presented his letters of credentials to President Modibo Keita.[61]
Benin | 27 August 1965  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 August 1965 when first ambassador of Mali to Dahomey (resident in Niamey) Mr. Hangadoumbo Toure presented his credentials.[77]
Brazil | 24 January 1962 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 January 1962.[43]

* Brazil has an embassy in Bamako.
* Mali has an embassy in Brasília.

Canada | 7 January 1963 | See Canada–Mali relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 January 1963[55]

Mali established its embassy in Canada in 1978, with its first appointed ambassador Zana Ousmane Dao,[162] while Canada's embassy in Mali has been open since 1995.[163] Canada has moved from Mali's sixth-largest donor of bilateral official development assistance in 2000 to third-largest in 2007.[164] The value of Canada's exports of goods to Mali exceeded imports from Mali by Cdn.$22m. between 1990 and 2008.[165] Natural Resources Canada estimated that Canadian mining investment in Mali reached Cdn.$500 million in 2009,[166] and in 2005, 73 mining concessions were held by Canadian firms in Mali.[167]

* Canada has an embassy in Bamako.
* Mali has an embassy in Ottawa.

China | 25 October 1960 | See China–Mali relations

China established diplomatic relations with the Republic of Mali on 25 October 1960[24]

* China has an embassy in Bamako.
* Mali has an embassy in Beijing.[168]

Cuba | 30 December 1960 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 December 1960[29]

* Cuba has an embassy in Bamako.
* Mali has an embassy in Havana.

Cyprus | 26 January 1990  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 January 1990 when first Ambassador of Mali to Cyprus Mr. Sinally Coulibaly presented his credentials[119]
Ethiopia | 23 March 1964  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 March 1964 when first Ambassador of the Republic of Mali, Mr. Modibo Diallo, has presented his credentials to Emperor Haile Selassie[67]
Finland | 18 August 2005 | See Finland–Mali relations
France | 20 August 1960 |

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 August 1960[16]

Mali has a longstanding relationship with France, its former colonial ruler, but relations have been described as ambivalent rather than close. Mali dropped out of the Franc Zone shortly after independence, not rejoining until 1967. One contentious issue between the two nations is the frequent expulsion of illegal Malian immigrants from France since 1996.[1]

However, France has played a significant part in helping Mali via military support in the Northern Mali conflict, with soldiers of the two nations' armies working together to take back territory from the rebels.[169] This military intervention, named Operation Barkhane, had the main objectives of strengthening Mali's armed forces and counterrorism efforts which began in 2013.[170] It was meant to bring stability to the state's institutions but, ultimately, helped to enable the 2020 military-led coup d'état.[171] In 2022, Mali expelled the last 2,400 troops of the advanced French military services due to increased violence and worsening conditions following the 2021 coup.[172] This marked a shift in relations between the two countries but appears to have not threatened other forms of support, such as financial aid. France has historically lent significant funding to Mali, most notably starting in December 2018 during the G-5 Sahel's Joint Force's Priority Investment Program (PIP) conference. This funding was meant to boost security efforts with the G5 Sahel, raising US$2.6 billion in pledges for the region from international donors.[5] Since the dismantling of the Sahel, it is unclear if and how these funds have been distributed. France also donated US$128 million between 2020–2021 to Mali through the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development's Development Assistance Committee (OECD-DAC).[173]

* France has an embassy in Bamako.
* Mali has an embassy in Paris.

Gambia | 25 June 1971  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 June 1971 when Gambia's first Ambassador to Mali, Mr. Samuel Jonathan Okiki Sarr, presented his credentials to the Head of States, Lieut. Traore.[83]
Germany | 23 September 1960  | See Germany–Mali relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 September 1960[17]

* Germany has an embassy in Bamako.[174]
* Mali has an embassy in Berlin.[175]

India | 24 January 1962 | See India–Mali relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 January 1962.[44]

* India has an embassy in Bamako.[176]
* Mali has an embassy in New Delhi.[177]

Indonesia | 21 June 1965  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 June 1965 when M. Souraedi Tashi, Indonesia's first Ambassador to Mali, presented his credentials to President Modibo Keita.[76]
Libya | 17 November 1972 | See Libya-Mali relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 November 1972 when the first Libyan Ambassador to Mali, Muhammad Ahmad Mograhi, presented his credentials to President Mousa Traore.[84]

* Libya has an embassy in Bamako.
* Mali has an embassy in Tripoli.

Mauritania | 1963 | See Mali–Mauritania relations

Since Mauritania negotiated a boundary dispute with Mali in 1963, ties between the two countries have been mostly cordial. Mali and Mauritania have cooperated on several development projects, such as the OMVS and a plan to improve roads between Nouakchott and Bamako. This cooperation somewhat lessened Mali's dependence on Senegal and Ivory Coast. Although relations were warm with other black African states, since 1965 the orientation of Mauritania's foreign policy has been geared towards relations with North African countries.[178]

* Mali has an embassy in Nouakchott.
* Mauritania has an embassy in Bamako.

Mexico | 23 March 1977 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 March 1977[93]

* Mali is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C..[179]
* Mexico is accredited to Mali from its embassy in Rabat and has an honorary consulate in Bamako.[180]

Namibia | 27 October 2004  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 October 2004 when has been accredited non-resident Ambassador of Mali to Namibia Mr. Sinally Coulibaly.[147]
Netherlands | 11 July 1964 | See Mali–Netherlands relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 July 1964 when has been accredited Ambassador of the Netherlands to Mali with residence in Dakar.[68]

New Zealand | 6 March 1983  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 March 1983 when first Mali Ambassador to New Zealand (resident in Peking), Mr. Boubacar Toure presented his credentials to the Governor-General[110]
Pakistan | 1963 |

* Mali is accredited to Pakistan from its embassy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Poland | 12 May 1961 | See Mali–Poland relations
Russia | 14 October 1960 | See Mali–Russia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 October 1960[21]

* Mali has an embassy in Moscow.
* Russia has an embassy in Bamako.

Rwanda | 6 January 1987  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 January 1987 when ambassador Moktar Kounta El Bakaye presented his credentials to president Juvénal Habyarimana.[113]
South Korea | 27 September 1990 |

Both countries estadlished diplomatic relations on 27 September 1990[121]

* Mali is accredited to South Korea from its embassy in Beijing, China.

Spain | 20 August 1964 | See Mali–Spain relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 August 1964.[69]

* Mali has an embassy in Madrid.
* Spain has an embassy in Bamako.

Sweden | 25 January 1965  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 January 1965, when the first Swedish ambassador to Mali with residence in Abidjan, Karl Henrik Anderson, presented his letters of credentials.[74]In 2024, the Swedish government suspended humanitarian aid to Mali due to the pro-Russian policies adopted by the military government of Assimi Goïta.[181] In response, the government of Mali ordered the expulsion of the Swedish ambassador in Bamako.[182]
Turkey | 17 April 1963 |

* Mali has an embassy in Ankara.[183]
* Turkey has an embassy in Bamako.[183]
* Trade volume between the two countries was US$57 million in 2019 (Mali's exports/imports: 8.6/48.4 million USD).[183]

Ukraine | 5 November 1992

Severed Diplomatic in 4 August 2024

| Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 November 1992.[124]

In August 2024, the Malian military government severed diplomatic relations with Ukraine following the Battle of Tinzaouaten.[123]

United Kingdom | 15 March 1961 | See Foreign relations of the United Kingdom

The UK established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 15 March 1961[34][failed verification]

* Mali does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom.
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Mali through its embassy in Bamako.[184]

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, and the World Trade Organization. The UK provides international aid to Mali through the Sahel Region Development Partnership.[185]

United States | 24 September 1960 | See Mali–United States relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 September 1960[18]

The bilateral agenda is dominated by efforts to increase broad-based growth, improve health and educational facilities, promote the sustainable use of natural resources, reduce the population growth rate, counter the spread of highly infectious diseases, encourage regional stability, build peacekeeping capabilities, institutionalize respect for human rights, and strengthen democratic institutions in offering good governance. Mali currently is a small market for U.S. trade and investment, but there is potential for considerable growth as its economy expands.[186]

The majority of Mali-US relations and support is centered around military efforts in the form of intelligence, equipment, and financial aid valuing over $588 million, which began in 2017.[187] From 2020 to 2021, US$205 million was also donated in aid through OECD-DAC.[188] This pledged support was announced as conditional on Mali's ability to uphold elections on an agreed timeframe. Although this election timeframe has not been upheld, USAID is currently giving to the distinct initiatives of Agriculture and Economic Growth, Education, Health, Humanitarian Assistance, Multi-Sectoral Nutrition, and Peace, Democracy, and Governance (PDG) Programs.[189] The most recent coups, expulsion of foreign troops, and rejection of intergovernmental foreign aid has made these programs less stable, but has not slowed donations or halted the US support.

* Mali has an embassy in Washington, D.C.
* United States has an embassy in Bamako.

Zambia | 2 October 1987  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 October 1987 when has been accredited Ambassador of Mali to Zambia (resident in Cairo) Elbekaye Moctar Kounta.[114]

## See also

[edit]

* List of diplomatic missions in Mali
* List of diplomatic missions of Mali

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c Mali country profile. Library of Congress Federal Research Division (January 2005). This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
2. ^ "Tuareg rebels declare the independence of Azawad, north of Mali". Al Arabiya. 6 April 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
3. ^ "AU, US reject Mali rebels' independence declaration – Yahoo! News". Archived from the original on 7 April 2012. Retrieved 7 April 2012.
4. ^ "G5 Sahel". 7 October 2020.
5. ^ a b "Take It to the People: A Civil-Military Roadmap for the G5 Sahel".
6. ^ "Disjointed force".
7. ^ "G5 Sahel Joint Force: Briefing and Consultations : What's in Blue : Security Council Report".
8. ^ "ASG Pobee: "Notwithstanding the support extended to the G5 Sahel, stabilizing the region hinges on aligning our policies and approaches, and on putting the Sahelian people at the forefront of our efforts." | Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs".
9. ^ "Mali's withdrawal from G5 Sahel, Joint Force 'a setback' for the region | UN News". 19 May 2022.
10. ^ Aning, Kwesi; Edu-Afful, Fiifi (23 December 2023). "African Agency in R2P: Interventions by African Union and ECOWAS in Mali, Cote d'Ivoire, and Libya". International Studies Review. 18 (1): 120–133\. doi:10.1093/isr/viv017. JSTOR 24758342.
11. ^ Affa'a-Mindzie, Mireille; Perry, Chris (23 December 2023). "From Crisis Management to Sustainable Strategy". Mali and the Sahel-Sahara. International Peace Institute.
12. ^ Bolarinwa, Joshua O.; Adeleke, Adewole A. (23 December 2023). "ECOWAS and the promotion of democracy in Mali, Guinea and the Gambia". Lagos Historical Review. 20 (1): 159–176.
13. ^ Chifamba, Jerry (12 December 2023). "West Africa: UN Peacekeeping Mission Officially Ends in Mali". Allafrica.com.
14. ^ "Mali rejects human rights mandate".
15. ^ Weiss, Thomas G.; Welz, Martin (23 December 2023). "The UN and the African Union in Mali and beyond: A shotgun wedding?". International Affairs. 90 (4): 889–905\. doi:10.1111/1468-2346.12146. JSTOR 24538203.
16. ^ a b "Liste chronologique des ambassadeurs, envoyes extraordinaires, ministres plenipotentiaires et charges d'affaires de France a l'etranger depuis 1945" (PDF). diplomatie.gouv.fr (in French). p. 78. Retrieved 6 July 2023.
17. ^ a b "Mali: Steckbrief". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 5 June 2023.
18. ^ a b "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Mali". history.state.gov. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
19. ^ "Journal officiel de la Republique du Mali de l'annee 1 Novembre 1960" (PDF) (in French). p. 855. Retrieved 13 June 2023.
20. ^ "Journal officiel de la Republique du Mali 1 Novembre 1960" (PDF) (in French). p. 855. Retrieved 13 June 2023.
21. ^ a b "Diplomatic relations between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Mali were established in 1960". MFA Russia. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
22. ^ Pavol Petruf. "Československá zahraničná politika 1945 – 1992" (PDF) (in Slovak). p. 105. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
23. ^ "Установяване, прекъсване u възстановяване на дипломатическите отношения на България (1878-2005)" (in Bulgarian). Archived from the original on 10 September 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
24. ^ a b "Mali". china.org.cn. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
25. ^ "Republic of Mali". vietnam.gov.vn. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
26. ^ Summary of the Yugoslav Press. 1960. p. 34.
27. ^ Yitzhak Oron (1960). Middle East Record Volume 1, 1960 Volume 1. Published for The Israel Oriental Society, The Reuven Shiloah Research Center by George Weidenfeld & Nicolson Limited. p. 313.
28. ^ "Diplomatic Relations of Romania". Ministry of Foreign Affairs Romania. Retrieved 13 June 2023.
29. ^ a b "Celebra un año más en las relaciones políticas,diplomáticas y de cooperación entre Cuba y Mali". Embajada de Cuba en la República de Mali (in Spanish). Retrieved 5 June 2023.
30. ^ a b "Le Mali développe ses relations avec le Maroc et la République arabe unie". Le Monde (in French). 12 January 1961. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
31. ^ "Diplomatic and Consular List" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Mongolia. March 2020. p. 4\. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 February 2022. Retrieved 23 March 2024.
32. ^ "Journal officiel de la République du Mali № 80 15 Mars 1961" (PDF) (in French). p. 247. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
33. ^ Hungary. Pannonia Press. 1969. p. 91.
34. ^ a b The Foreign Office List and Diplomatic and Consular Year Book for ... Volume 135. Great Britain. Foreign Office. 1962. p. 511.
35. ^ Europe, France outremer Issues 382-392 (in French). 1961. p. 64\. "HAUTE - VOLTA . M. Ahmed Diallo , délégué permanent du Mali en Haute - Volta , a présenté ses lettres de créance au président Yameogo (18 mars)"
36. ^ Bogdan Grzeloński (2006). Dyplomacja polska w XX wieku (in Polish). Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. p. 128.
37. ^ "Information about Person: Keller, René". Dodis (in French). Retrieved 5 October 2023.
38. ^ "DPRK Diplomatic Relations" (PDF). NCNK (The National Committee on North Korea). p. 3. Retrieved 23 March 2024.
39. ^ Yitzhak Oron (1961). Middle East Record Volume 2, 1961 Volume 2. Israel Oriental Society, The Reuven Shiloah Research Center. p. 415. Retrieved 19 July 2023.
40. ^ Études congolaises Volume 2 (in French). Institut politique congolais. 1962. p. 55\. "23 novembre ... - M. Alioune Diakite , ambassadeur du Mali , présente ses lettres de créan- ces au Président Kasa - Vubu."
41. ^ Congo (in French). Centre de recherche et d'information socio-politiques. 1961. p. 624\. "23 novembre ... Alioune Diakite , ambassadeur du Mali , présente ses lettres de créance au président Kasa - Vubu ."
42. ^ Daily Report, Foreign Radio Broadcasts Issues 14-15. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. 1962.
43. ^ a b Jean-François Juilliard, Françoise Moussu (23 December 1962). "Chronologie des faits internationaux d'ordre juridique. Annuaire Français de Droit International /Année 1962 / 8". Annuaire Français de Droit International (in French). 8 (1): 1051. Retrieved 30 November 2023.
44. ^ a b Jean-François Juilliard, Françoise Moussu (23 December 1962). "Chronologie des faits internationaux d'ordre juridique. Annuaire Français de Droit International / Année 1962 / 8". Annuaire Français de Droit International (in French). 8 (1): 1051. Retrieved 30 November 2023.
45. ^ "Journal officiel du Mali de l'annee 1962" (PDF) (in French). p. 333. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
46. ^ "Presidenza Giovanni Gronchi Sua Eccellenza Bokar N'Diaye, nuovo ambasciatore del Mali: presentazione delle lettere credenziali". Portale storico della Presidenza della Repubblica (in Italian). Retrieved 7 July 2023.
47. ^ Monde colonial illustré Volume 39, Issues 383-392 (in French). Société nouvelle des Editions France Outremer S.A. 1961. p. 73\. "M. Touré Hangadoumbou, délégué permanent du Mali auprès du Niger, a présenté ses lettres de créance au Président Diori Hamani"
48. ^ Daily Report, Foreign Radio Broadcasts Issues 150-151. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. 1962. p. 2. Retrieved 30 April 2023.
49. ^ Cahiers de l'Institut d'études de l'Orient contemporain Volumes 48-50 (in French). G. P. Maisonneuve. 1962. p. 267.
50. ^ "Mali and Guatemala envoys present credentials". Haiti Sun. 26 August 1962. p. 16. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
51. ^ West Africa. West Africa Publishing Company, Limited. 1962. p. 1131\. "Yaounde: Diplomatic relations between Mali and Cameroon were scaled when Mr. Mamadou Sangare, Mali Ambassador in Lagos, presented his letters of credence to President Ahidjo of Cameroon."
52. ^ Europe, France outremer Issues 393-404 (in French). 1962. p. 62\. "MALI . M. Mamadou Sangare , premier ambassadeur du Mali au Cameroun , avec résidence à Lagos , a présenté ses lettres de créance au president Ahidjo"
53. ^ Europe, France outremer Issues 393-404 (in French). 1962. p. 146\. "MALI: République Arabe Unie (R.A.U.), Soudan, Arabie Saoudite: Ambassadeur (résidant au Caire) : M. El Hadj Modibu Kane Diallo"
54. ^ Europe, France outremer Issues 393-404 (in French). 1962. p. 146\. "Guinée, Sierra Leone: Ministre résident (residant à Conakry) M. Tiemoko Compah"
55. ^ a b "A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019". Canadian Global Affairs Institute. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
56. ^ Bulletin d'information de la représentation permanente auprès de l'O.N.U. Issues 1-10 (in French). Congo (Brazzaville). Représentation permanente auprès de l'O.N.U. 1962. p. 14\. "Etablissement de relations diplomatiques entre le Mali et le Congo : Le Président de la République, Monsieur 1'Abbé Fulbert Youlou, a reçu, le 20 Février 1963 en fin de matinée, les lettres de créance de Son Excellence Abdoul Thierno DIALLO ..."
57. ^ "DIŞİŞLERİ BAKANLIĞI 1967 YILLIĞI" (PDF). diad.mfa.gov.tr (in Turkish). p. 830. Retrieved 6 July 2023.
58. ^ Daily Report, Foreign Radio Broadcasts Issues 121-122. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. 1963. p. 7. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
59. ^ "Today in Kuwait's History". Kuwait News Agency (KUNA). 3 July 2016. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
60. ^ a b "CHRONOLOGIE INTERNATIONALE Etablissement des relations diplomatiques par l'Algérie" (in French). p. 38. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
61. ^ a b Europe, France outremer - Issues 393-404 (in French). 1962. p. 53.
62. ^ "Reseña histórica de la presencia chilena en África" (in Spanish). p. 10. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
63. ^ Europe, France outremer Issues 405-416 (in French). 1963. p. 62\. "M. Abdoul Thierno Diallo, ambassadeur du Mali au Gabon, résidant à Léopoldville, a présenté ses lettres de créance au Président Mba."
64. ^ Mauritania Foreign Policy and Government Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments Volume 1. International Business Publications, USA. 2013. p. 49.
65. ^ Administration et diplomatie d'Afrique noire et de Madagascar Volume 2 (in French). Europe-Outremer. 1963. p. 332\. "Mali: Pakistan Ambassadeur ( résidant à Accra ) : M. Nasim HUSAIN ."
66. ^ "Relations bilatérales: Mali". République Tunisienne Ministère des Affaires Étrangères (in French). Archived from the original on 30 May 2012. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
67. ^ a b Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1964. p. 33.
68. ^ a b Jaarboek van het Departement van Buitenlandse Zaken (in Dutch). Netherlands. Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken. 1964. p. 123.
69. ^ a b "Relaciones diplomáticas del Estado Espaniol" (in Spanish). p. 307. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
70. ^ "Decreto 7.009/64 - Establecimiento de Relaciones Diplomáticas entre la República Argentina y la República de Malí y Creación de Embajada". Biblioteca Digital de Tratados (in Spanish). Retrieved 5 June 2023.
71. ^ a b c Bulletin de l'Institut international de droit des pays d'expression française Issues 1-9 (in French). The Institut. 1965. p. 62.
72. ^ Daily Report, Foreign Radio Broadcasts Issues 233-234. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. 1964. Retrieved 13 June 2023.
73. ^ Daily Report, Foreign Radio Broadcasts Issues 233-234. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. 1964.
74. ^ a b Bulletin de l'Afrique noire - Issues 355-366 (in French). La Documentation africaine. 1965.
75. ^ Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1965. p. 245\. "( SG 1 Mali - Albania . M. Gaqo P : Albania's Ambassador to Mali , preser his credentials on February 9th ..."
76. ^ a b Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1965. p. 335.
77. ^ a b Bulletin de l'Afrique noire - Issues 379-388 (in French). La Documentation africaine. 1965.
78. ^ "Bulletin de documentation_1965_17" (PDF). sip.gouvernement.lu (in French). p. 9. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
79. ^ Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1966. p. 443\. "... M. Toure is also Mali's Ambassador to Chad, where he presented his credentials on January 15th."
80. ^ Europe, France outremer Issues 465-476 (in French). 1968. p. 75\. "R.centrafricaine A l'étranger ... Mali : Ambassadeur ( résidant à Brazzaville ) : M. Halidou Touré ."
81. ^ Europe, France outremer Issues 477-488 (in French). 1969. p. 160\. "MALI: Nigeria, Ghana, Dahomey, Togo : Ambassadeur (résidant à Lagos) : M. Mohamed Ould Aly"
82. ^ Bulletin de l'Afrique noire Issues 581-605 (in French). Ediafric. 1970. "August Josef TARTER , ambassadeur d'Autriche au Sénégal , en Côte - d'Ivoire , au Dahomey , en Haute - Volta , au Mali , en Mauritanie , au Niger et au Togo , a présenté ses lettres de créance au Mali le 21 février dernier ..."
83. ^ a b Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1971. p. 2159.
84. ^ a b ARR Arab Report and Record. Economic Features, Limited. 1972. p. 559.
85. ^ The Europa Year Book 1972 A World Survey Vol.-i. Europa Publications Limited. 1972. p. 638.
86. ^ "Formal diplomatic relations list" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 August 2019. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
87. ^ Iran Almanac and Book of Facts Volume 15. Echo of Iran. 1976. p. 137.
88. ^ Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1976. p. 4243.
89. ^ "Mali". Portal Diplomatico (in Portuguese). Retrieved 5 October 2023.
90. ^ "El 24 de diciembre de 1976, se establecieron las relaciones diplomáticas entre Mali y Venezuela". Cancillería Venezuela (in Spanish). Retrieved 5 June 2023.
91. ^ The Europa year book : a world survey Volume II 1976. Europa Publications Limited. 1976. p. 1028.
92. ^ "List of states which the Lao PDR has established diplomatic relations since 1950". mofa.gov.la. Retrieved 19 July 2023.
93. ^ a b "REPÚBLICA DE MALÍ" (PDF). centrogilbertobosques.senado.gob.mx (in Spanish). p. 14. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
94. ^ "Bilateral Relations: Mali". Ministry of Foreign Affairs Bahrain. Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
95. ^ "Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater" (PDF). regjeringen.no (in Norwegian). 27 April 1999. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
96. ^ "العلاقات الثنائية". mofa.gov.qa (in Arabic). Retrieved 23 March 2024.
97. ^ Joseph A. Kechichian. "Countries with which Oman has diplomatic relations" (PDF). Oman and the World The emergence of an independent foreign policy. p. 320\. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 October 2014. Retrieved 23 March 2024.
98. ^ "Ежегодник Большой Советской Энциклопедии. 1980. Выпуск двадцать четвертый: Зарубежные страны" (PDF) (in Russian). p. 270\. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 June 2023. Retrieved 29 February 2024.
99. ^ "Diplomatic Relations Of The Holy See". Permanent Observer Mission of the Holy See to the United Nations. Retrieved 23 March 2024.
100. ^ Monde colonial illustré Volume 57, Issues 597-608 (in French). Société nouvelle des Éditions France outremer S.A. 1979. p. 138\. "... ambassadeurs des pays suivants , accrédités au Mali , résident dans un autre pays : ... Autriche , Belgique , Brésil , Cambodge , Cap - Vert ..."
101. ^ The Europa year book : a world survey. 1979. Vol. 2. Europa Publications Limited. 1979. p. 1381.
102. ^ Le Mois en Afrique Issues 170-179 (in French). 1980. p. 139\. "BAMAKO , 5 septembre . Le général Moussa Traoré , président de la République du Mali a reçu les lettres de créance des ambassadeurs ... de la République d'Irak ... Abdul Karim Mohamed Najim . L'Irak vient d'ouvrir à Bamako sa mission diplomatique ."
103. ^ "Countries with which the Republic of Maldives has established Diplomatic Relations" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Maldives. 11 May 2023. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 August 2023. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
104. ^ "Mali – Agreement between the Government of Malta and the Government of Mali to establish diplomatic relations". foreign.gov.mt. Retrieved 16 September 2023.
105. ^ The Europa year book 1980 : a world survey Volume 2. Europa Publications Limited. 1980. p. 426.
106. ^ Marchés tropicaux et méditerranéens Volume 37 (in French). 1981. p. 2275\. "... ouverture d'une ambassade du Mali à Abou Dhabi , a - t - on appris le 18 août ..."
107. ^ "สาธารณรัฐมาลี (Mali)". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of Thailand (in Thai). Retrieved 4 October 2023.
108. ^ South and East Asia Report No. 1071. United States Joint Publications Research Service. 24 November 1981. p. 72. Retrieved 22 January 2024.
109. ^ Malaysia Official Year Book. Vol. 22. Director General of Printing. 1984. p. 118.
110. ^ a b New Zealand External Relations Review - Volumes 33-34. Ministry of External Relations and Trade. 1983.
111. ^ Foreign Representation in Australia. Australian foreign affairs record.Vol. 55 No. 3 (March 1984). p. 300. Retrieved 13 June 2023.
112. ^ de Béthencourt, Marcos Fernández (2019). La orden de Malta: Estatuto Jurídico internacional (in Spanish). Editorial Sanz Y Torres. pp. 302–309.
113. ^ a b Marchés tropicaux et méditerranéens Issues 2147-2163 (in French). 1987. p. 449.
114. ^ a b List of Diplomatic, Consular, and Trade Missions and International Organisations. Zambia. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 1989. p. 5.
115. ^ Jahrbuch Asien, Afrika, Lateinamerika : bilanz und Chronik des Jahres 1988 (in German). Berlin : Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften. 1989. p. 219.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)
116. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "Diplomatic relations between Mali and ..." United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
117. ^ "Republic of Singapore Diplomatic & Consular List" (PDF). p. 145\. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 August 2017. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
118. ^ Karolina Zielińska (2021). Israeli Development Aid to Sub-Saharan Africa Soft Power and Foreign Policy. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-000-36356-2.
119. ^ a b Cyprus Bulletin - Volume 28. Press and Information Office, Republic of Cyprus. 1990. p. 3.
120. ^ "Diplomatic ties established with several more countries" (PDF). Brunei Darussalem Newsletter Number 57: 14. June 1990.
121. ^ a b "Mali". Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Korea. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
122. ^ "Список стран, с которыми КР установил дипломатические отношения". mfa.gov.kg (in Russian). 10 January 2019. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
123. ^ a b Stapleton, AnneClaire; McCluskey, Mitch (5 August 2024). "Mali severs diplomatic relations with Ukraine for providing intelligence to rebels". CNN. Retrieved 5 August 2024.
124. ^ a b "Middle East and Africa". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
125. ^ "Diplomaatiliste suhete (taas)kehtestamise kronoloogia". Republic of Estonia Ministry of Foreign Affairs (in Estonian). Retrieved 18 July 2023.
126. ^ "States with which Turkmenistan established diplomatic relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkmenistan. 25 January 2017. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
127. ^ "Страны, установившие дипломатические отношения с Республикой Казахстан". mfa.kz (in Russian). Archived from the original on 20 February 2020. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
128. ^ "Dates of Establishment and Renewal of Diplomatic Relations". mfa.gov.lv. 1 July 2021. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
129. ^ "Today marks the 30th anniversary of diplomatic relations between Slovenia and Mali". MFEA Slovenia. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
130. ^ "Mali: Základné informácie". mzv.sk (in Slovak). Retrieved 4 October 2023.
131. ^ "La Gaceta Diario Oficial de Nicaragua - No. 163 del 30 de agosto 1993" (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved 4 October 2023.
132. ^ "List of States with which the Republic of Tajikistan established diplomatic relations" (PDF). Retrieved 4 October 2023.
133. ^ "Ambassador of Belarus I.Petrishenko meets the Ambassador of Mali". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus. 14 September 2017. Retrieved 23 March 2024.
134. ^ FBIS Daily Report Sub-Saharan Africa. United States Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 9 November 1993. p. 36. Retrieved 29 December 2023.
135. ^ "Bilateral Relations: Mali". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Armenia. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
136. ^ "Transition (1990 - 1994) - Chronologies: 1994". omalley.nelsonmandela.org. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
137. ^ "Dates of Recognition and Establishment of Diplomatic Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs Bosnia and Herzegovina. 2 April 2010. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
138. ^ "Mali". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Lithuania. 19 February 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
139. ^ a b "The Republic of Mali". Republic of Azerbaijan Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
140. ^ "States with which the Republic of Uzbekistan established diplomatic relations". Embassy of the Republic of Uzbekistan in Ukraine. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
141. ^ "Comunicado conjunto entre la Republica del Peru y la Republica de Mali para el establecimiento de relaciones diplomaticas". Archivo Nacional de Tratados (in Spanish). Retrieved 18 July 2023.
142. ^ "Le nouvel ambassadeur du Mali a présenté ses lettres de créance au Président Michel". statehouse.gov.sc (in French). 9 August 2016. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
143. ^ "Date of Recognition and Establishment of Diplomatic Relations". mvep.gov.hr. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
144. ^ "Angola: President Dos Santos Accredits Five Ambassadors". allAfrica. 29 October 2002. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
145. ^ Philippine Yearbook Volume 17. Republic of the Philippines, National Economic and Development Authority, National Census and Statistics Office. 2002. p. 156\. "Mali H.E. Amadou N'Diaye Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Embassy of the Republic of Mali ..."
146. ^ "AFRIQUE - MADAGASCAR Présentation des lettres de créance". razafimahazo.free.fr (in French). 5 April 2005. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
147. ^ a b Diplomatic List. Namibia. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Department of Protocol. 2009. p. 2.
148. ^ "Zimbabwe: Ambassadors Present Credentials". allAfrica. 24 March 2006. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
149. ^ "Establecimiento de relaciones diplomaticas". mirex.gob.do (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 4 October 2017. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
150. ^ "Bilateral Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs Nepal. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
151. ^ "Paraguay establece relaciones con República de Mali". paraguay.com (in Spanish). 28 June 2010. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
152. ^ "Presidente da República acredita novos embaixadores". verdade.co.mz (in Portuguese). 14 July 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
153. ^ "Rapport Politique Extérieure 2012 DRE" (PDF). Government of Monaco (in French). p. 8. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
154. ^ "More Than 20 Ambassadors Present Their Credentials To The Eritrean Government". tesfanews.net. 16 February 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2023.
155. ^ "Le chef de l'Etat reçoit les lettres de créances des ambassadeurs de Cuba, du Mali et de l'Union Européenne accrédités à Djibouti". Agence Djiboutienne d'Information (in French). 12 November 2012. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
156. ^ "República de Malí y El Salvador acuerdan relaciones diplomáticas". periodicoequilibrium.com (in Spanish). 24 September 2014. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
157. ^ "Le nouvel Ambassadeur de la Republique du Mali a presente ses lettres de creance au Chef de l'Etat SE. Dr. IKILILOU Dhoinine". HABARI ZA COMORES (in French). 20 February 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2023.
158. ^ "5 envoys letters of credence to President Chakwera". Nyasa Times. 3 August 2023. Retrieved 5 August 2023.
159. ^ "Foram acreditados em São Tomé e Príncipe três novos embaixadores, respectivamente, do Egipto, do Mali e da Guiné Equatorial". Presidência da República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe on Facebook (in Portuguese). 8 December 2023. Retrieved 23 January 2025.
160. ^ "Government approves the nomination of 22 Ambassadorial and senior-level international appointments". 14 December 2021. Archived from the original on 11 March 2022. Retrieved 14 March 2022.
161. ^ "Mali". mfa.gov.az. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
162. ^ L'Ambassadeur Mamadou Bandiougou Diawara, Welcome, Mali Embassy website."Archived copy". Archived from the original on 27 September 2009. Retrieved 11 September 2009.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
163. ^ Government of Canada, Canada – Mali Relations, web page, Date Modified: 2009-07-06.[1]
164. ^ Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. "ODA Total, Net disbursements", OECD.Stat, ODA by Recipient by country, extracted on 30 July 2009 03:34 UTC.[2]
165. ^ Industry Canada. "Trade by Product (HS Codes)", Trade Data Online, Trade Type: Trade Balance.[3]
166. ^ Government of Canada. Canada – Mali Relations, Modified: 2009-07-06 [4]
167. ^ Natural Resources Canada. 2006. Canadian minerals yearbook, p.7.23 Archived 4 September 2009 at the Wayback Machine
168. ^ "Embassy of Mali in Beijing, China".
169. ^ "French army in major Mali pullout". BBC News. 25 May 2013.
170. ^ "Anti-jihad forces try to do without Mali". Africa Confidential. 8 September 2022. Retrieved 24 March 2024. (subscription required)
171. ^ Gazeley, Joe (2022). "The Strong 'Weak State': French Statebuilding and Military Rule in Mali". Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding. 16 (3): 269–286\. doi:10.1080/17502977.2022.2030627. hdl:10023/24932.
172. ^ "How France Failed Mali: The End of Operation Barkhane". 30 January 2023.
173. ^ "OECD DAC Aid at a glance by recipient_new".
174. ^ "Deutsche Vertretungen in Mali". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 18 November 2022.
175. ^ "Mali: Vertretungen in Deutschland". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 18 November 2022.
176. ^ Indian Embassy in Mali
177. ^ "Mali Embassy in India". Archived from the original on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
178. ^ Handloff, Robert E. "Relations with Other African States". In Mauritania: A Country Study (Robert E. Handloff, editor). Library of Congress Federal Research Division (June 1988). This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
179. ^ Embassy of Mali in the United States
180. ^ Embassy of Mexico in Morocco
181. ^ "Regeringen drar in biståndet till Mali". TV4 (in Swedish). 5 January 2024. Retrieved 5 August 2024.
182. ^ "Mali orders Swedish ambassador to leave within 72 hours". Al Jazeera. 9 August 2024. Retrieved 10 August 2024.
183. ^ a b c "Relations between Turkey and Mali".
184. ^ "British Embassy Bamako". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 29 March 2024. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
185. ^ Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (17 July 2023). "Country and regional development partnership summaries". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 26 May 2024. Retrieved 27 May 2024.
186. ^ "Background Note: Mali". US State Department.
187. ^ Nations, United States Mission to the United (12 November 2021). "Remarks at a UN Security Council Briefing on the G5 Sahel Joint Force". United States Mission to the United Nations. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
188. ^ "OECD DAC Aid at a glance by recipient_new". Tableau Software. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
189. ^ "Fact Sheets". U.S. Agency for International Development. 7 March 2023. Archived from the original on 22 December 2022. Retrieved 16 December 2023.

* v
* t
* e

Foreign relations of Mali

Africa|

* Algeria
* Libya
* Mauritania

Americas|

* Canada
* United States

Asia|

* Bangladesh
* China
* India
* Turkey

Europe|

* France
* Germany
* Ireland
* Kosovo
* Netherlands
* Poland
* Russia
* Spain
* Ukraine

Related topics|

* Minister of Foreign Affairs
* Azawadi declaration of independence

Diplomatic missions of Mali / in Mali

* v
* t
* e

Mali articles

History|

* Ghana Empire
* Mali Empire
* History of the Mali Empire
* Songhai Empire
* Segou Empire
* Kénédougou Kingdom
* Kaarta
* Massina Empire
* Toucouleur Empire
* Wassoulou Empire
* French Sudan
* Mali Federation
* 2012 Tuareg rebellion
* 2012 coup
* Mali War
* Ebola disease event
* 2020 protests
* 2020 coup
* 2021 coup

Geography|

* Borders
* Cercles
* Cities
* Communes
* Environmental issues
* Mountains
* National parks
* Regions
* Rivers
* Wildlife

Politics|

* Constitution
* Elections
* Foreign relations
* Human rights
* LGBT rights
* Law enforcement
* Military
* National Assembly
* Political parties
* President
* Prime Minister
* Vice President

Economy|

* Foreign aid
* Telecommunications
* Tourism
* Transport

Society|

* Child marriage
* Demographics
* Ethnic groups
* Education
* Health
* Human trafficking
* Languages
* Prostitution
* Religion
* Slavery
* Women

Culture|

* Cuisine
* Films
* Flag
* Literature
* Media
* Music
* Polygamy
* Public holidays

* Outline
* Index

* Category
* Portal

* v
* t
* e

Foreign relations of Africa

Sovereign states|

* Algeria
* Angola
* Benin
* Botswana
* Burkina Faso
* Burundi
* Cameroon
* Cape Verde
* Central African Republic
* Chad
* Comoros
* Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Republic of the Congo
* Djibouti
* Egypt
* Equatorial Guinea
* Eritrea
* Eswatini
* Ethiopia
* Gabon
* The Gambia
* Ghana
* Guinea
* Guinea-Bissau
* Ivory Coast
* Kenya
* Lesotho
* Liberia
* Libya
* Madagascar
* Malawi
* Mali
* Mauritania
* Mauritius
* Morocco
* Mozambique
* Namibia
* Niger
* Nigeria
* Rwanda
* São Tomé and Príncipe
* Senegal
* Seychelles
* Sierra Leone
* Somalia
* South Africa
* South Sudan
* Sudan
* Tanzania
* Togo
* Tunisia
* Uganda
* Zambia
* Zimbabwe

States with limited
recognition

* Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
* Somaliland

Dependencies and
other territories

* Canary Islands / Ceuta / Melilla (Spain)
* Madeira (Portugal)
* Mayotte / Réunion (France)
* Saint Helena / Ascension Island / Tristan da Cunha (United Kingdom)
* Western Sahara

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template