Foreign relations of Togo

Politics of Togo

Constitution

* Human rights

Government

* President

Jean-Lucien Savi de Tové
* Council of Ministers

President

Faure Gnassingbé

Parliament

* Senate

President: Barry Moussa Barqué
* National Assembly

President: Kodjo Adedze

Administrative divisions

* Regions
* Prefectures
* Cantons

Elections

* Recent elections

* Presidential: 2020
* 2025

* Parliamentary: 2018
* 2024

* Political parties

Foreign relations

* Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Minister: Robert Dussey

* * *

* Diplomatic missions of / in Togo

* * *

* Passport
* Visa requirements
* Visa policy

Africa portal

* Other countries

* v
* t
* e

Although Togo's foreign policy is nonaligned, it has strong historical and cultural ties with western Europe, especially France and Germany. Togo is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, exchanging high commissioners with other Commonwealth countries. It recognizes the People's Republic of China, North Korea, and Cuba, and re-established relations with Israel in 1987.

Togo pursues an active foreign policy and participates in many international organizations. It is particularly active in West African regional affairs and in the African Union. Relations between Togo and neighboring states are generally good.

## Diplomatic relations

[edit]

List of countries which Togo maintains diplomatic relations with:

#  | Country  | Date
1  |  France | 27 April 1960[1]
2  |  Germany | 27 April 1960[2]
3  |  United Kingdom | 27 April 1960[3]
4  |  United States | 27 April 1960[4]
5  |  Russia | 1 May 1960[5]
6  |  Switzerland | 19 July 1960[6]
7  |  Liberia | 29 July 1960[7]
8  |  Israel | 8 September 1960[8]
9  |  Egypt | 20 September 1960[9]
10  |  Serbia | 7 November 1960[10]
11  |  Czech Republic | 2 December 1960[11]
12  |  Japan | 4 April 1961[12]
13  |  Guinea | 7 September 1961[13]
14  |  Netherlands | 5 October 1961[14]
15  |  Belgium | 1961[15][16]
16  |  Italy | 1961[17]
17  |  Canada | 7 June 1962[18]
18  |  Lebanon | 7 June 1962[19]
19  |  India | 31 August 1962[20]
20  |  Brazil | 26 October 1962[21]
21  |  Niger | 26 October 1962[22]
22  |  Turkey | 6 December 1962[23]
23  |  Poland | 26 December 1962[24]
24  |  Nigeria | 1962[25]
25  |  Ghana | 21 January 1963[26]
26  |  South Korea | 26 July 1963[27]
27  |  Pakistan | 8 May 1964[28]
28  |  Spain | 22 October 1965[29]
29  |  Tunisia | 1965[30]
30  |  Denmark | 21 June 1968[31]
31  |  Gabon | 21 June 1968[31]
32  |  Mali | 1969[32]
33  |  Hungary | 22 June 1970[33]
34  |  Democratic Republic of the Congo | 13 July 1970[34]
35  |  Austria | 1970[35]
36  |  Romania | 12 January 1971[36]
37  |  Norway | 10 January 1972[37]
38  |  Luxembourg | 7 March 1972[38]
39  |  China | 19 September 1972[39]
40  |  Zambia | 5 January 1973[40]
41  |  North Korea | 31 January 1973[41]
—  |  Sovereign Military Order of Malta | 5 September 1973[42]
42  |  Libya | 3 November 1973[43]
43  |  Argentina | 12 June 1974[44]
44  |  Bulgaria | 19 July 1974[45]
45  |  Vietnam | 8 February 1975[46]
46  |  Mexico | 25 October 1975[47]
47  |  Somalia | 21 November 1975[48]
48  |  Senegal | 1 June 1976[49]
49  |  Gambia | 10 May 1977[50]
50  |  Albania | 25 June 1977[51]
51  |  Sweden | 15 March 1978[52]
52  |  Portugal | 17 March 1978[53]
53  |  Cuba | 18 January 1979[54]
54  |  Costa Rica | 11 June 1979[55]
55  |  Greece | 1979[56]
56  |  Ecuador | 11 February 1980[57]
57  |  Zimbabwe | 16 June 1980[58]
—  |  Holy See | 21 April 1981[59]
58  |  Burkina Faso | 18 August 1981[60]
59  |  Sudan | 8 July 1982[61]
60  |  Ethiopia | 11 December 1982[62]
61  |  Benin | 5 September 1983[63]
62  |  Suriname | 8 November 1983[64]
63  |  Republic of the Congo | 6 August 1984[65]
64  |  Tanzania | 27 December 1984[66]
65  |  Kenya | 9 April 1985[67]
66  |  Chad | 10 April 1985[68]
67  |  Thailand | 7 May 1986[69]
68  |  Vanuatu | 21 January 1987[70]
69  |  Algeria | 2 July 1987[71]
70  |  Afghanistan | 1987[72]
71  |  Angola | 27 September 1988[73]
72  |  Colombia | 29 September 1988[53]
—  |  State of Palestine | 1989[74]
73  |  Venezuela | 21 December 1990[75]
74  |  Slovakia | 4 January 1997[76]
75  |  South Africa | 13 January 1997[77]
76  |  Qatar | 16 May 1997[78]
77  |  Iran | January 1998[79]
78  |  North Macedonia | 14 April 1998[53]
79  |  Slovenia | 31 July 1998[53]
80  |  Ukraine | 1 September 1999[80]
81  |  Philippines | 24 August 2000[53]
82  |  Brunei | 3 December 2002[81]
83  |  Armenia | 14 November 2003[82]
84  |  Iceland | 19 November 2004[83]
85  |  Indonesia | 2006[84]
86  |  Morocco | 10 July 2007[85]
87  |  Uruguay | 28 September 2007[86]
88  |  United Arab Emirates | 6 December 2007[53]
89  |  Saudi Arabia | 26 December 2007[87]
90  |  Malta | 16 May 2008[53]
91  |  Malaysia | 20 August 2008[88]
92  |  Australia | 22 July 2009[53]
93  |  Finland | 12 May 2010[53]
94  |  Cambodia | 6 August 2010[53]
95  |  Belarus | 28 September 2010[53]
96  |  Kuwait | 6 October 2010[89]
97  |  Namibia | 24 November 2010[90]
98  |  Azerbaijan | 28 December 2010[91]
99  |  Fiji | 31 May 2011[53]
100  |  Singapore | 15 June 2012[53]
101  |  Montenegro | 21 December 2012[92]
102  |  Mongolia | 6 September 2013[53]
103  |  Georgia | 27 May 2014[53]
104  |  Lithuania | 22 September 2014[53]
105  |  Estonia | 23 September 2014[53]
106  |  Latvia | 23 September 2014[53]
107  |  Turkmenistan | 25 September 2014[93]
108  |  Kazakhstan | 9 October 2014[53]
109  |  Seychelles | 3 March 2015[53]
110  |  El Salvador | 20 March 2015[53]
111  |  Madagascar | 24 March 2015[94]
112  |  Cyprus | 24 September 2015[53]
113  |  Sri Lanka | 27 September 2015[95]
114  |  Chile | 30 September 2015[96]
115  |  Kyrgyzstan | 30 September 2015[96]
116  |  Monaco | 9 February 2016[97]
117  |  Djibouti | 14 February 2016[98]
118  |  Tajikistan | 2 March 2016[99]
119  |  Botswana | 7 October 2016[100]
120  |  Equatorial Guinea | 7 October 2016[100]
121  |  Rwanda | 17 January 2017[101]
122  |  Mauritius | 22 February 2017[53]
123  |  Oman | 5 June 2017[102]
124  |  Andorra | 21 November 2017[103]
125  |  Peru | 18 December 2017[104]
126  |  Ireland | 27 June 2018[53]
127  |  Saint Kitts and Nevis | 25 September 2018[105]
128  |  San Marino | 28 February 2019[106]
129  |  Nepal | 22 March 2019[53]
130  |  Panama | 26 March 2019[53]
131  |  Myanmar | 31 July 2019[107]
132  |  Nicaragua | 23 October 2019[53]
133  |  Bosnia and Herzegovina | 24 October 2019[53]
134  |  Uganda | 5 December 2019[108]
135  |  Jamaica | 23 November 2021[53]
136  |  Dominican Republic | 20 September 2022[53]
137  |  Bahrain | 21 September 2022[53]
138  |  Maldives | 3 May 2023[53]
139  |  Croatia | 18 September 2023[53]
140  |  Bolivia | 20 September 2023[53]
141  |  Guatemala | 22 September 2023[53]
142  |  Uzbekistan | 26 September 2024[109]
143  |  Bahamas | 24 October 2024[110]
144  |  Guinea-Bissau | 28 March 2025[111]
145  |  Mauritania | 28 March 2025[111]
146  |  Burundi | Unknown[112]
147  |  Cameroon | Unknown
148  |  Ivory Coast | Unknown
149  |  Sierra Leone | Unknown
150  |  Timor-Leste | Unknown[113]

## Bilateral relations

[edit]

Country  | Formal Relations Began  | Notes

|
|

Angola | 27 September 1988  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 September 1988 when M. Brito Sozinho , Angola's Ambassador to Nigeria, presented his credentials to the Togolese Head of State, General Gnassingbe Eyadema.[73]
Belgium | 1961 |

* Belgium is accredited to Togo from its embassy in Cotonou, Benin.
* Togo has an embassy in Brussels.

Benin | 5 September 1983  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 September 1983 when Ambassador of Benin to Togo (resident in accra) Mr. Lucien Tonoukoin presented his credentials to Head of State General Eyadema.[63]
Brazil | 26 October 1962 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 October 1962[21]

* Brazil has an embassy in Lomé.
* Togo has an embassy in Brasília.

Canada | 7 June 1962 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 June 1962[18]

* Canada has a high commission in Lomé.
* Togo has a high commission in Ottawa.

Chad | 10 April 1985  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 April 1985 when Ambassador of Chad Mr. Youssouf Nboudou Mbami presented his credentials to President of Togo.[68]
China | 19 September 1972 | See China–Togo relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 September 1972[39]

* China has an embassy in Lomé.
* Togo has an embassy in Beijing.

Democratic Republic of Congo | 14 July 1970  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 July 1970 when Congo-Kinshasa's first Ambassador to Togo, Mr. Kondo Belan, presented his credentials to Head of State Etienne Eyadema.[114]
Republic of the Congo | 6 August 1984 | The two countries maintain diplomatic relations and President of Togo Faure Gnassingbé visited the Republic of the Congo in November 2023 meeting Congolese President Denis Sassou Nguesso.[115]
Cyprus | 24 September 2015 |

Cyprus is accredited to Togo from its high commission in Paris, France.[116]

Denmark | 21 June 1968  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 June 1968 when Mrs. Johanne Wright , ambassador of Denmark to Ivory Coast and to Togo , presented his letters of credence to Togo.[31]
Ethiopia | 11 December 1982  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 December 1982 when Ambassador of Ethiopia (resident in Accra) Mr. Kasate Berham Babina presented letters of credence to President of Togo Gnassingbe Eyadema.[62]
France | 27 April 1960 | See France–Togo relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1960[1]

* France has an embassy in Lomé.
* Togo has an embassy in Paris.

Gabon | 21 June 1968 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 June 1968 when Ambassador of Gabon to Togo (resident in Abidjan) Mr. Abdoulaye M'Bingt presented his credentials.[31]

* Gabon has a high commission in Lomé.
* Togo has a high commission in Libreville.

Germany | 27 April 1960 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1960[2]

See Germany–Togo relations

* Germany has an embassy in Lomé.
* Togo has an embassy in Berlin.

Ghana | 21 January 1963 | See Ghana–Togo relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 January 1963.[26]

After 1918, following the defeat of Germany, the League of Nations divided the German colony of Togoland from north to south, a decision that divided the Ewe people among the Gold Coast, British Togoland, and French Togoland. After 1945, the United Nations (UN) took over the Togoland mandates. During the 1950s, when the independence of Ghana was in sight, demands grew for a separate Ewe state, an idea that Kwame Nkrumah, leader of the Gold Coast independence movement, opposed. Following a UN plebiscite in May 1956, in which a majority of the Ewe voted for union with Ghana, British Togoland became part of the Gold Coast.[117][118] After Togolese independence in 1960, relations between Togo and Ghana deteriorated, aggravated by political differences and incidents such as smuggling across their common border. At times, relations have verged on open aggression.[117]

The result of the transfer of Togoland to Ghana has meant that many Togolese keep one foot on either side of the border, living in Ghana by night and working in the markets of the capital, Lomé, by day.[118] Ghana is the only Commonwealth member with which Togo shares a border.

* Ghana has a high commission in Lomé.
* Togo has a high commission in Accra.

India | 31 August 1962 | See India–Togo relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 August 1962[20]

* India has a high commission in Lomé.
* Togo has a high commission in New Delhi.

Israel | 8 September 1960 |

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 September 1960 when has been accredited first Ambassador of Israel to Togo (resident in Accra) Mr. Moshe Bitan.[8] Togo severed ties with Israel on 21 September 1973.[119] Diplomatic relations were re-established on 9 June 1987.[120]

In August 2017, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu received Togo's President Faure Essozimna Gnassingbe in Jerusalem during his official five-day trip to Israel.[121][122] In December 2017, Togo voted at the UN to recognize Jerusalem as the capital of Israel.[122]

Japan | 29 May 1967 |

* Japan is accredited to Togo from its embassy in Abidjan, Ivory Coast.
* Togo has an embassy in Tokyo.

Kenya | 9 April 1985  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 April 1985 when Ambassador of Kenya Mr. Kefa Onyoni presented letters of credentials to President of Togo, general Gnassingbe Eyadema.[67]
Kuwait | 6 October 2010 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 October 2010 when has been opened Embassy of Togo in Kuwait.[89]

* Kuwait is accredited to Togo from its embassy in Cotonou, Benin.
* Togo has an embassy in Kuwait City.

Lebanon | 7 June 1962  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 June 1962 when first Ambassador of Lebanon to Togo (resident in Dakar) Mr. Mohammed Ali Hamade presented his credentials.[19]
Liberia | 29 July 1960  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 July 1960 when accredited first Ambassador of Liberia to Togo Mr. John Cox.[7]
Libya | 3 November 1973 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 November 1973.[43]

* Libya has an embassy in Lomé.
* Togo had an embassy in Tripoli, which closed in 2015.

Mexico | 25 October 1975 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 October 1975[47]

* Mexico is accredited to Togo from its embassy in Abuja, Nigeria.
* Togo is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.[123]

Netherlands | 5 October 1961 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 October 1961[14]

* Netherlands is accredited to Togo from its embassy in Accra, Ghana.
* Togo is accredited to Togo from its embassy in Brussels, Belgium.

Nigeria | 1962 |

* Nigeria has a high commission in Lomé.
* Togo has a high commission in Abuja.

Pakistan | 8 May 1964  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 May 1964 when M. Mir Muhammed Shaikh , Pakistan's first Ambassador to Togo , presented his credentials.[28]
Palestine |  |

During the votes to admit Palestine to UNESCO as a member state in October 2011 and as Non-Member Observer State, in November 2012 Togo abstained from the voting.

Senegal | 1 June 1976  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 June 1976 when Senegal's first Ambassador to Togo , Mr. Massamba Codou Diouf , presented his credentials to President Eyadéma.[49]
South Africa | 13 January 1997 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 January 1997

* South Africa is accredited to Togo from its high commission in Abidjan, Ivory Coast.
* Togo has a high commission in Pretoria.

South Korea | 26 July 1963 |

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 July 1963,[27] but severed 16 September 1974 and re-established on 23 January 1991[124]

Spain | 22 October 1965 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 October 1965[29]

* Spain is accredited to Togo from its embassy in Accra, Ghana.
* Togo is accredited to Spain from its embassy in Paris, France.

Tanzania | 27 December 1984  | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 December 1984 when Ambassador of Tanzania major general S. H. Sarakikya presented his credentials to President of Togo.[66]
Turkey | 6 December 1962 | See Togo–Turkey relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 December 1962 when accredited first Ambassador of Turkey to Togo (resident in Accra) Mr. Kamran Acet.[23]

* Turkey has an embassy in Lomé.[125]
* Trade volume between the two countries was $106 million USD in 2019.[125]

United Kingdom | 27 April 1960 | Togo established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 27 April 1960.[3][failed verification]

* Togo maintains a high commission in London.
* The United Kingdom is not accredited to Togo through a high commission; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Accra, Ghana.[126]

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact,[127] the Commonwealth, and the World Trade Organization.

United States | 27 April 1960 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1960[4]

See Togo–United States relations

The United States and Togo have had generally good relations since its independence, although the United States has never been one of Togo's major trading partners. The largest share of U.S. exports to Togo generally has been used clothing and scrap textiles. Other important U.S. exports include rice, wheat, shoes, and tobacco products, and U.S. personal computers and other office electronics are becoming more widely used.

* Togo has an embassy in Washington, D.C.
* United States has an embassy in Lomé.

## See also

[edit]

* List of diplomatic missions in Togo
* List of diplomatic missions of Togo

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b "Liste chronologique des ambassadeurs, envoyes extraordinaires, ministres plenipotentiaires et charges d'affaires de France a l'etranger depuis 1945" (PDF). diplomatie.gouv.fr (in French). p. 103. Retrieved 30 April 2023.
2. ^ a b "Togo: Überblick". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 4 May 2023.
3. ^ a b Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office. (1970). The Diplomatic Service List. H.M. Stationery Office. pp. 136–149.
4. ^ a b "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Togo". Office of the Historian. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
5. ^ "DiploHistory: 57 years ago Russia and the Togolese Republic established diplomatic relations". MFA Russia. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
6. ^ "No 1631. Nomination de M. René Keller en qualité d'ambassadeur extraordinaire et plénipotentiaire de la Confédération suisse au Ghana, en Guinée, au Libéria et au Togo, avec résidence à Accra; sa promotion au grade de ministre de II classe". dodis.ch (in French). Retrieved 19 May 2023.
7. ^ a b Togo Handbook (in French). Togo Service de l'information. 1962. p. 66.
8. ^ a b Togo Handbook. Togo Service de l'information. 1962. p. 66\. "Ambassade d'Israël S.E.M. Moshe Bitan ... 8 sept. 1960"
9. ^ Yitzhak Oron (1960). Middle East Record Volume 1, 1960 Volume 1. Published for The Israel Oriental Society, The Reuven Shiloah Research Center by George Weidenfeld & Nicolson Limited. p. 552. Retrieved 11 July 2023.
10. ^ Summary of the Yugoslav Press. Joint Translation Service. 1960. p. 45.
11. ^ Pavol Petruf. "Československá zahraničná politika 1945 – 1992" (PDF) (in Slovak). p. 105. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
12. ^ "法第11条を適用し、通知した期限までに開示決定等がされなかったもの（資料４）" (PDF) (in Japanese). p. 10. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
13. ^ Europe, France outremer Issues 371-381 (in French). 1960. p. 73\. "... M. Léon Maka, ambassadeur de Guinée au Togo , et M. Anvar Marassoulovich Kouchkarov , ambassadeur de l'U.R.S.S . au Togo , ont présenté leurs lettres de créance au président Olympio."
14. ^ a b Jaarboek van het Departement van Buitenlandse Zaken Volumes 69-72 (in Dutch). Netherlands. Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken. 1961. p. 99.
15. ^ Monde colonial illustré Volume 39, Issues 383-392 [TOGO : Belgique : Ambassadeur (résidant à Abidjan) M. Gérard Walravens] (in French). Société nouvelle des Editions France Outremer S.A. 1961. p. 191.
16. ^ Who's who in Belgium and Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Intercontinental Book & Publishing Company, Limited. 1962. p. 1136\. "WALRAVENS , Gérard Alfred Jean , Belgian Ambassador to the Ivory Coast , Upper Volta , Togo , Dahomey and Niger ( October 1961 )"
17. ^ Afrique Volumes 1-7 (in French). Société internationale de publications commerciales, culturelles et artistiques. 1961. p. 44\. "Lomé . M. Renzo Luigi Romanelli , premier ambassadeur d'Italie à Lomé , a remis ses lettres de créance à M. Sylvanus Olympio , président de la république du Togo"
18. ^ a b "A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019". Canadian Global Affairs Institute. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
19. ^ a b Afrique - Volumes 14-19 (in French). Société internationale de publications commerciales, culturelles et artistiques. 1962. p. 64.
20. ^ a b Indian Information. 1962. p. 578.
21. ^ a b "Cria uma Embaixada do Brasil na República do Togo, cumulativa com a Embaixada do Brasil na República de Gana". PORTAL DE LEGISLAÇÃO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 6 July 2023.
22. ^ Monde colonial illustré Volume 39, Issues 383-392 (in French). Société nouvelle des Editions France Outremer S.A. 1961. p. 73\. "M. Dia Salifou, délégué permanent du Niger au Dahomey, est également accrédité auprès du Togo"
23. ^ a b "DIŞİŞLERİ BAKANLIĞI 1967 YILLIĞI" (PDF). diad.mfa.gov.tr (in Turkish). p. 872. Retrieved 6 July 2023.
24. ^ Bogdan Grzeloński (2006). Dyplomacja polska w XX wieku (in Polish). Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. p. 129.
25. ^ Handbook of Commerce and Industry in Nigeria Volume 5. Nigeria. Federal Ministry of Information. 1962. p. 41.
26. ^ a b Africa Diary Volume 3. M. Chhabra. 1963. p. 986.
27. ^ a b "Togo". Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Korea. Retrieved 16 April 2024.
28. ^ a b Africa Research Bulletin Africa, political, social and cultural series · Volume 1. Africa Research, Limited. 1964. p. 80.
29. ^ a b "Togo: RELACIONES BILATERALES CON ESPAÑA" (PDF). exteriores.gob.es (in Spanish). p. 5. Retrieved 16 April 2024.
30. ^ "Togo". République Tunisienne Ministère des Affaires Étrangères (in French). Archived from the original on 2 June 2012. Retrieved 15 April 2014.
31. ^ a b c d Bulletin de l'Afrique noire - Issues 514-526 (in French). La Documentation africaine. 1968.
32. ^ Europe, France outremer Issues 477-488 (in French). 1969. p. 160\. "MALI: Nigeria, Ghana, Dahomey, Togo : Ambassadeur (résidant à Lagos) : M. Mohamed Ould Aly"
33. ^ Summary of World Broadcasts Non-Arab Africa · Issues 3343-3419. British Broadcasting Corporation. Monitoring Service. 1970. p. 9.
34. ^ Bulletin de l'Afrique noire Issues 606-626 (in French). Ediafric. 1970. "M. Théodore - Richard KONDO - BELAN , ambas- sadeur de la République démocratique du Congo en Côte - d'Ivoire , au Niger et au Togo , a présenté ses lettres de créance au Togo le 13 juillet . ( résidence Abidjan )"
35. ^ Internationales Afrika Forum Volumes 6-7 (in German). 1970. p. 83\. "... August Tarter, der Österreich in Senegal, Elfenbeinküste, Dahomey, Obervolta, Mauretanien, Niger und Togo vertreten wird, hat seine Beglaubigungsschreiben überreicht."
36. ^ "Diplomatic Relations of Romania". Ministry of Foreign Affairs Romania. Retrieved 16 April 2024.
37. ^ ""Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater"" (PDF). regjeringen.no (in Norwegian). 27 April 1999. Retrieved 30 April 2023.
38. ^ "Bulletin de documentation_1972_2" (PDF). sip.gouvernement.lu (in French). p. 29. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
39. ^ a b "Togo". china.org.cn. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
40. ^ Translations on Sub-Saharan Africa Issues 1254-1264. United States. Joint Publications Research Service. 1973.
41. ^ "DPRK Diplomatic Relations" (PDF). ncnk.org. August 2016. p. 4. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
42. ^ Bulletin de l'Afrique noire, 743–762 (in French). Ediafric. 1973. "Ouverture de relations diplomatiques, au niveau des ambassades, entre le Togo et l'Ordre souverain de Malte."
43. ^ a b Africa Contemporary Record Annual Survey and Documents · Volume 6. Africana Publishing Company. 1974. p. 63.
44. ^ "Declaración Conjunta estableciendo Relaciones Diplomáticas y Consulares entre la República Argentina y la República Togolesa". Biblioteca Digital de Tratados Argentina (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 16 April 2024.
45. ^ "Установяване, прекъсване u възстановяване на дипломатическите отношения на България (1878-2005)" (in Bulgarian). Archived from the original on 10 September 2023. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
46. ^ "Togolese Republic". vietnam.gov.vn. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
47. ^ a b "Hoy conmemoramos el 47 aniversario de relaciones diplomáticas entre México y Togo". Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores de México (in Spanish). Retrieved 4 May 2023.
48. ^ Notes d'information et statistiques Issues 224-229 (in French). Banque centrale des Etats de l'Afrique de l'Ouest. 1975. p. 31\. "18-21 novembre ... le Togo et la Somalie décident d'établir des relations diplomatiques..."
49. ^ a b Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1976. p. 4051.
50. ^ Entente africaine - Issues 28-29 (in English and French). Presse africaine associée. 1979. p. 6.
51. ^ Revue française d'études politiques africaines Issues 133-139 (in French). Société africaine d'édition. 1977. p. 39\. "TOGO ... 25 - Etablissement de relations diplomatiques avec l'Albanie"
52. ^ "Främmande makters beskickningar". Sveriges statskalender / 1984 / (in Swedish). Retrieved 11 July 2023.
53. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai "Diplomatic relations between Togo and ..." United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 14 April 2025.
54. ^ "Mediante Comunicado Conjunto de 18/01/1979, atesorado en los fondos documentales de las Repúblicas de Cuba y Togo establecieron relaciones diplomáticas". CG Documental MINREX (in Spanish). Retrieved 4 May 2023.
55. ^ Marchés tropicaux et méditerranéens - Volume 35 (in French). 1979. p. 1673.
56. ^ "Ежегодник Большой Советской Энциклопедии. 1980. Выпуск двадцать четвертый. Зарубежные страны" (PDF) (in Russian). p. 240\. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 June 2023. Retrieved 29 February 2024.
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