Formal manifold

In geometry and topology, a formal manifold can mean one of a number of related concepts:

* In the sense of Dennis Sullivan, a formal manifold is one whose real homotopy type is a formal consequence of its real cohomology ring; algebro-topologically this means in particular that all Massey products vanish.[1]
* A stronger notion is a geometrically formal manifold, a manifold on which all wedge products of harmonic forms are harmonic.[2]

## References

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1. ^ Sullivan, Dennis (1975). "Differential forms and the topology of manifolds". Manifolds—Tokyo 1973 (Proc. Internat. Conf., Tokyo, 1973). Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press. pp. 37–49\. MR 0370611. Zbl 0319.58005.
2. ^ Kotschick, Dieter (2001). "On products of harmonic forms". Duke Mathematical Journal. 107 (3): 521–531\. arXiv:math/0004009. doi:10.1215/S0012-7094-01-10734-5. MR 1828300.

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