Fossil Fuel Levy

United Kingdom tax

The Fossil Fuel Levy (FFL) is a levy paid by suppliers of electricity from non-renewable energy sources in the United Kingdom. The costs are shared by the suppliers and consumers, as a proportion of the cost is passed on to consumers in the cost of the electricity supplied. The Fossil Fuel Levy was imposed to fund the Non-Fossil Fuel Obligation.

## Legislation

[edit]

In England and Wales the Fossil Fuel Levy was introduced under the Electricity Act 1989. Section 33 of this Act was briefly superseded by the Fossil Fuel Levy Act 1998 until its repeal (by the Utilities Act 2000), bringing the FFL back under the Electricity Act.

In Scotland, the Fossil Fuel Levy was not imposed until 1996, as support for the nuclear industry in Scotland (the original purpose of the Levy in England and Wales) was provided by the 1990 Scottish 'Nuclear Energy Agreement'.

## Rates

[edit]

The Levy has been applied at various rates, but in recent years has been set at zero as the Climate Change Levy was introduced. Rates are controlled by Ofgem.

England and Wales | [1]

|

April 1, 1990 | 10.6%
April 1, 1991 | 11%
April 1, 1993 | 10%
November 1, 1996 | 3.7% (following the privatisation of British Energy [2])
April 1, 1997 | 2.2%
April 1, 1998 | 0.9% [3]
January 1, 1999 | 0.7%
October 1, 1999 | 0.3% [4]
April 1, 2002 | 0% [5][permanent dead link]

Scotland
February 16, 1996 | 0.5% [6]
April 1, 1997 | 0.7% [7]
April 1, 1998 | 0.8% [8]
April 1, 1999? | 0%
April 1, 2000 | 0.8% [9]
April 1, 2001 | 1.2% [10][usurped]
April 1, 2002 | 0.6% [11]
November 1, 2002 | 0% [12]

## See also

[edit]

* Climate Change Levy
* Renewables Obligation Certificates
* Energy policy of the United Kingdom
* Energy use and conservation in the United Kingdom

## External links

[edit]

* Fossil Fuel Levy Act 1998
* The Fossil Fuel Levy (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2001
* The Fossil Fuel Levy (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2005

* v
* t
* e

Energy in the United Kingdom

Companies

| Coal|

* Anglo American
* BHP
* ENRC
* GCM Resources
* Glencore
* Rio Tinto
* UK Coal

|

Oil and
gas|

| Integrated|

* BP
* Shell

|

Exploration
and production|

* Afren
* BHP
* Capricorn Energy
* Centrica
* Dana Petroleum
* Desire Petroleum
* Emerald Energy
* EnQuest
* Essar Energy
* Harbour Energy
* Hardy Oil and Gas
* JKX Oil & Gas
* Melrose Resources
* Ophir Energy
* Perenco
* Pharos Energy
* Regal Petroleum
* Rockhopper Exploration
* Star Energy
* Tullow Oil

Supply|

* Greenergy
* Murco Petroleum

Support|

* Abbot Group
* Amec Foster Wheeler
* Expro
* Hunting
* John Wood Group
* Petrofac
* Qserv
* Weir Group
* WesternGeco1

Utilities|

| Integrated|

* Centrica
* E.ON UK1
* EDF Energy1
* Npower1
* ScottishPower1
* SSE

|

Generation
and supply|

| Generation|

* Drax Group
* Engie Energy International
* Horizon Nuclear Power1
* Renantis
* Vattenfall UK1
* Vedanta Resources

|

Supply|

* 100Green
* Bristol Energy
* Co-op Energy
* Ecotricity
* ESB Group
* Firmus Energy
* Good Energy
* Octopus Energy
* Opus Energy
* Outfox the Market
* OVO Energy
* Phoenix Natural Gas
* Shell Energy
* TotalEnergies Gas & Power
* Utilita Energy
* Utility Warehouse

Distribution|

| Electricity|

* Electricity North West1
* Northern Powergrid1
* SP Energy Networks1
* SSE Power Distribution
* UK Power Networks1
* Western Power Distribution1

|

Gas|

* Cadent Gas
* Firmus Energy
* Northern Gas Networks
* Phoenix Natural Gas
* SGN
* Wales & West Utilities1

Transmission|

| Electricity|

* National Grid2
* Scottish Hydro Electric Transmission
* SP Energy Networks1

|

Gas|

* National Grid

Other|

* Aggreko
* APX Group
* Aquamarine Power
* EnServe
* Hi-Gen Power
* Mark Group
* United Downs Deep Geothermal Power
* Wavegen

Companies with headquarters and/or registered office in the UK but no applicable energy operations within the country shown in italics 1Ultimate parent company is not UK-based 2Integrated in the United States, no generation or supply activities in the UK

Energy sources

| Coal|

* Coal Authority
* Coal-fired power stations
* Coal mines
* Coal mining regions
* Confederation of UK Coal Producers
* Greenhouse gas emissions
* History
* miners' strike
* National Coal Board
* Open-pit coal mining

|

Electricity|

* Association of Electricity Producers
* BritNed
* East–West Interconnector
* Economy 7
* Economy 10
* Electricity billing
* Energy switching services
* Green electricity
* Grid Trade Master Agreement
* Gridlink Interconnector
* HVDC Cross-Channel
* Isle of Man to England Interconnector
* Moyle Interconnector
* National Grid
* Control
* Reserve Service
* New Electricity Trading Arrangements
* North Sea Link
* Power stations
* Timeline of the electricity supply industry

Nuclear|

* Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor
* Franco-British Nuclear Forum
* Magnox
* Nuclear Decommissioning Authority
* Nuclear Liabilities Fund
* Nuclear power stations
* Office for Nuclear Regulation
* Sellafield
* United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority
* United Kingdom National Nuclear Laboratory

Oil and gas|

* BBL Pipeline
* Dash for Gas
* Forties pipeline system
* Fuel protests
* Gas infrastructure
* Greenhouse gas emissions
* Hydrocarbon Oil Duty
* National Transmission System
* Natural gas fields
* Natural gas-fired power stations
* North Sea oil
* North Sea Transition Authority
* Offshore Energies UK
* Oil fields
* Oil-fired power stations
* Oil infrastructure
* Oil refineries
* Petroleum Revenue Tax

Renewables|

| Biofuels|

* Biofuel power stations
* NNFCC
* Renewable Fuels Agency
* Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation

|

Geothermal|

* Geothermal power stations

Hydroelectricity|

* Hydroelectric power stations
* Mersey Barrage
* Severn Barrage
* Wave farms

Solar power|

Wind power|

* Offshore wind power
* List of offshore wind farms
* List of onshore wind farms
* North Seas Energy Cooperation
* Wind power in Scotland

Government and regulation

| Organisations|

* Carbon Trust
* Cenex
* Climate Change Committee
* Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
* Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
* Energy Saving Trust
* Environment Agency
* Office of Gas and Electricity Markets
* National Energy System Operator
* System Operator for Northern Ireland
* Scottish and Southern Electricity Networks
* Great British Energy
* Great British Energy – Nuclear

|

Legislation and initiatives|

* Carbon Emission Reduction Target
* Climate Change Act 2008
* Climate Change Agreement
* Climate Change and Sustainable Energy Act 2006
* Climate Change Levy
* CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme
* Decarbonisation measures in proposed UK electricity market reform
* Display Energy Certificate
* Energy Act 2013
* Energy performance certificate
* Fossil Fuel Levy
* Low Carbon Building Programme
* Non-Fossil Fuel Obligation
* Planning Act 2008
* Renewable Heat Incentive
* Renewables Obligation
* United Kingdom Climate Change Programme
* Energy price cap
* Energy Profits Levy

Non-governmental organisations

| Charities and
pressure groups|

* Ashden Award
* Bioregional
* Campaign against Climate Change
* Centre for Alternative Technology
* National Energy Action
* Stop Climate Chaos
* Tyndall Centre

|

Industry bodies|

* Association for Decentralised Energy
* Energy Institute
* Energy Networks Association
* Energy Retail Association
* Green Power Forum
* RenewableUK
* Utilities Intermediaries Association

Research|

* Centre for Renewable Energy Systems Technology
* Energy Technologies Institute
* Met Office Hadley Centre
* Narec
* Oil Depletion Analysis Centre
* Sunbury Research Centre
* UK Energy Research Centre

Energy conservation

* British Energy Efficiency Federation
* Close the Door campaign
* Code for Sustainable Homes
* Double Glazing & Conservatory Ombudsman Scheme
* EcoHomes
* Energy efficiency in British housing
* Energy Saving Trust
* Energy Saving Trust Recommended
* Greenhouse gas emissions
* HTB
* National Home Energy Rating

* Category

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template