Fossils of Egypt

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Egypt has many fossil-bearing geologic formations, in which many dinosaurs have been discovered.

## Scientists

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* Ernst Stromer
* Richard Markgraf, early 1900s, (he died in Sinnuris of Giza in 1916)
* A. B. Orlebar, Fayoum 1845
* George Schweinfurth, Geziret al-Qarn in Lake Qarun 1879 & Qasr al-Sagha Formation ancient whale fossils named Zeuglodom osiris.
* Hugh Beadnell, Fayoum 1898
* Charles Andrews, 1901, they unearthed a wealth of fossils Palaeomastodon, the oldest known elephant
* Eberhard Frass, Fayoum 1905
* Walter Granger & Henry F. Osborn, Fayoum 1907
* Wendell Phillips, 1947
* Elwyn L. Simons, Fayoum 1961–1986
* Thomas M. Bown and David Tab Rasmussen, 1980s

## Fossils

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### Petrified Wood

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Fayoum, Petrified wood protectorate in New-Cairo Area/ Cairo-Suez desert road & entire Western Desert of Egypt is covered in Petrified wood.

This is one of the clues that the region was a tropical climate. The petrified wood is very diverse and many samples are very beautiful, often actually littering the ground in certain areas.

### Reptiles

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* Turtle fossils in Fayoum
* Testudo ammon, a large land tortoise
* Podocnemis blanckenhorni river turtle
* Stereogenys pelomedusa tropical land turtles
* Gigantic snake fossils found in the Qasr al-Sagha Formation.
* Gigantophis
* Pterosphernus
* Tomistoma, a crocodile type animal.

### Birds

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The area of Uganda bordering Lake Victoria and the upper Nile River area is not unlike the climate of the Fayoum long ago, where many bird fossils have been discovered.

* ospreys (Pandionidae)
* Gigantic shoebilled stork (Balaenicipitidae)
* jacanas, sometimes called lily-trotters (Jacanidae)
* herons, egrets, rails (Rallidae)
* cranes (Gruidae)
* flamingos (Phoenicopteridae)
* storks (Ciconiidae)
* cormorants (Phalacrocoracidae)
* An ancient eagle named Accipitridae

### Mammals

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* large Hyrax (Megalohyrax oecaenus)
* Elephants
* mastodons
* Fayoum's whale or Zeuglodon or more precisely the Basilosaurus in Fayoum's Wadi Zeuglodon (or wadi al-Hitan, Whale Valley)
* Another whale in Wadi Zeuglodon is the Dorudon
* Primitive whale from Fayum Depression Phiomicetus
* Arsinoitherium, a rhinoceros like animal with two horns
* Arsinoitherium zitteli
* Arsinoitherium andrewsi
* Elephants (mastodons) in Fayoum
* Moeritherium in Fayoum, and in Wadi El Natrun
* Palaeomastodon
* Phioma
* Apterodon
* Pterodon
* Hyaenodon
* Sirenia (Sea Cow)

### Primates

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The Fayoum primates

* The Lower sequence primates
* Oligopithecus savagei
* Qatrania wingi
* The upper sequence primates
* Catopithecus browni
* Proteopitheus sylvia
* Oligopithecus
* Apidium moustafai
* Apidium phiomense
* Parapithecus fraasi
* Parapithecus grangeri
* Aegyptopithecus zeuxis
* Propliopithecus, (P. chirobates, P. ankeli, P. haeckeli and P. markgrafi)

## Dinosaurs

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* Aegyptosaurus
* Bahariasaurus
* Carcharodontosaurus
* Deltadromeus
* ’’Igai’’
* ‘’Inosaurus’’
* Mansourasaurus
* Paralititan
* Spinosaurus
* ’’Tameryraptor’’

## Fossil sites

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* Wadi Al-Hitan
* Bahariya Formation
* Jebel Qatrani Formation
* Nubian Sandstone
* Qasr el Sagha Formation
* Upper Cretaceous Phosphates
* Variegated Shale
* Madwar al-Bighal
* Moghra Oasis

## See also

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* List of African dinosaurs

* Paleontology portal
* Egypt portal

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fossils of Egypt.

## References

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## External links

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