Foster and Partners

British design, architecture, engineering and planning firm

Foster and Partners

Company type| Private
Industry| Architecture, engineering, urban planning
Founded| 1967; 58 years ago (1967)
Founder|  Norman Foster, Lord Foster of Thames Bank, Founder and Executive Chairman
Headquarters|

London, England

United Kingdom

Area served

| International

Key people

* Norman Foster, Founder and Executive Chairman

Spencer de Grey, Senior Partner, Head of Design

Stuart Latham, Managing Partner[1]

Services| Architecture, Design, Industrial Design

Number of employees

| 1,900[2]
Website| fosterandpartners.com

Foster and Partners (also Foster + Partners) is a British international architecture firm with its headquarters in London, England. It was founded in 1967 by British architect and designer Norman Foster. The firm has been involved in the design of major projects around the world, including the Gherkin in London, the Luigi Einaudi university campus in Turin, the Hearst Tower in New York City,[3] the 1990s renovation of the Reichstag in Berlin,[4] the Millau Viaduct in France,[5] and Hong Kong International Airport.[6]

In addition to architectural design, the firm's practice encompasses engineering[7] and industrial design.[8] As of 2021, the firm had approximately 1,500 employees in New York City, Hong Kong, and Madrid.[7] The firm has won the Pritzker Architecture Prize[9] and the Stirling Prize.[10] By 2024, Foster + Partner earned more than half a billion dollars in fees.[11] 40% of Foster + Partner's fees were paid by clients in the Middle East.[11]

## History

[edit]

The firm was established by Norman Foster in 1967,[9] shortly after leaving his first studio, Team 4.[12] The firm was originally called Foster Associates before the name was changed to Sir Norman Foster + Partners and then Foster + Partners in 1999.[13]

The firm was chosen by Robert Sainsbury to design the Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts, which was completed in 1978.[14] Located at the University of East Anglia in Norwich, England,[15] the 500 foot-long steel structure was designed to house the Sainsbury’s art collection, and was the firm’s first public building.[14]

In 1979, Foster + Partners won an international competition to design the new HSBC headquarters in Hong Kong.[16] When the building was completed, it was the most expensive building in the world.[16]

The firm was chosen to renovate the Reichstag in Berlin after being selected in a design competition in 1992.[17] The renovation was completed in 1999.[16]

Foster + Partners was selected to be architect of a new skyscraper in London to be built on the site of the Baltic Exchange building, which had been heavily damaged by an IRA bomb in 1992.[18] The building, known as 30 St Mary Axe or its nickname, “The Gherkin,” was completed in 2004 for Swiss Re.[19]

In 2001, construction began on the Norman Foster-designed Millau Viaduct spanning the Tarn Gorge in southern France. The bridge was completed in 2004 and as of 2024 was the tallest bridge in the world.[20]

In 2007, the private equity company 3i took a stake in the firm.[21]

The firm was approached by Steve Jobs in 2009 to develop 75 acres in Cupertino, California into the new headquarters of Apple; Jobs consulted on the design until his death in 2011.[22] The campus, known as Apple Park, cost $5 billion and opened in 2017.[23]

The practice regained complete ownership in June 2014, when the 140 partners bought it back from 3i.[24]

In October 2021, a significant stake in the firm was bought for an undisclosed sum by a Canadian private investor, Hennick & Company, which became the single largest shareholder of the firm. Foster retains a controlling interest.[25]

## Notable projects

[edit]

Notable projects ordered by year of completion and type:

### Masterplans

[edit]

* More London, London, UK (1998–2000)
* Duisburg Inner Harbour, Germany (1991–2003)
* Trafalgar Square redevelopment, London, UK (1996–2003)
* Quartermile, Edinburgh, Scotland (2001–)
* Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (2007–)
* West Kowloon Cultural District, Hong Kong (2009)
* Thames Hub, UK (2011–)
* Central Square, Cardiff, Wales
* Amaravati, India (under construction)[26][non-primary source needed]

### Airports

[edit]

* Red Sea International Airport, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia (2021–)
* Techo Takhmao International Airport, Phnom Penh, Cambodia (2025)

### Bridges

[edit]

* Millau Viaduct, the tallest bridge in the world (2004)[27]
* Western Årsta Bridge, Sweden (1994/2005)
* Millennium Bridge, London, UK (1998–2002)

### Government

[edit]

* Reichstag building redevelopment, Berlin, Germany (1999)
* London City Hall, UK (2002)
* New Supreme Court Building, Singapore (2015)
* Palace of Peace and Reconciliation, Astana, Kazakhstan (2006)[28]: 20
* Buenos Aires City Hall (new headquarters), Buenos Aires, Argentina[29] (2015)

### Cultural

[edit]

* Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK (1978)
* Clyde Auditorium, part of the Scottish Exhibition and Conference Centre complex, Glasgow (1997)
* Sackler Galleries, Royal Academy of Arts, London, UK (1985–1991)
* Carré d'Art, Nîmes, France (1984–1993)
* American Air Museum, Imperial War Museum Duxford, UK (1997) – Stirling Prize
* Queen Elizabeth II Great Court redevelopment, British Museum, London, UK (2000)
* The Sage Gateshead, Gateshead, UK (1997–2004)
* The Zénith, Zénith de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, France (2004–2007)
* The Robert and Arlene Kogod Courtyard, Smithsonian Institution, National Portrait Gallery, Washington, D.C., US (2004–2007)
* Winspear Opera House, Dallas, US (2003–2009)
* Art of the Americas Wing, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Boston, US (1999–2010)
* Khan Shatyr Entertainment Center, Astana, Kazakhstan (2006–2010)[28]: 20
* Sperone Westwater Gallery, New York City, US (2008–2010)
* Extension to Lenbachhaus art museum, Munich, Germany (2013)
* OVO Hydro, Glasgow, Scotland (2004–2013)
* Datong Art Museum, China (2011–2022)[30]
* Hall of Realms, Madrid, Spain (2018–2021)

### Higher education

[edit]

* Kings Norton Library, Cranfield University, UK (1994)
* Faculty of Law, Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (1995)
* Faculty of Management (now known as Aberdeen Business School), The Robert Gordon University, UK (1998)
* Imperial College School of Medicine, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, London, UK (1994–1998)
* Center for Clinical Science Research, Stanford University Stanford, California, US (1995–2000)
* British Library of Political and Economic Science, London School of Economics, London, UK (1993–2001)
* Imperial College London, Flowers Building, London, UK (1997–2001)
* Faculty of Social Studies, University of Oxford, UK (1996–2002)
* James H. Clark Center, Stanford, California, US (1999–2003)
* Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia (2004)
* Tanaka Business School, renamed the Imperial College Business School, London, UK (2004)
* Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany (2005)
* Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (2006)
* Library, California State University Channel Islands, Camarillo, California, US (2000–2008)
* Yale School of Management, new campus, New Haven, US (2013)[31]
* Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE (2007–2015)
* China Resources University, Shenzhen, China (2011–2016)
* Health Education Campus (HEC), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, US (2015–2019), location of the first U.S. 2020 Presidential Debate between Donald Trump and Joe Biden.
* York University, Toronto, Canada (2018)
* Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2009

### Sport

[edit]

* Wembley Stadium reconstruction, London, UK (2007)
* Lusail Iconic Stadium, Lusail, Qatar (2010)

### Transportation

[edit]

* Stansted Airport, Uttlesford, UK (1991)
* Metro Bilbao, Spain (1997) – Line 2 (2004)
* Hong Kong International Airport, Chek Lap Kok, Hong Kong (1998)
* Canary Wharf tube station, London, UK (1999)
* Expo MRT station, Singapore (2001)
* Dresden Hauptbahnhof redevelopment, Dresden, Germany (1997–2006)
* Beijing Capital International Airport, Beijing, China (2008)
* Heathrow Terminal 2, London, UK
* Spaceport America, New Mexico, US (2005–2013)
* Four railway stations for the Haramain High Speed Rail Project, Saudi Arabia[32]
* Kai Tak Cruise Terminal, Hong Kong (2013)[33]
* Mexico City Texcoco Airport, Mexico (projected 2020)
* Slussenområdet redevelopment, Stockholm, Sweden (projected 2022)[34]
* Queen Alia International Airport, Amman, Jordan (2005–2013)
* Thames Hub, UK (from 2011)
* Thames Hub Airport, UK (from 2013)
* Ocean Terminal extension, Hong Kong
* York University station – TYSSE, Vaughan, Ontario/Toronto, Canada (2017)
* Red Sea International Airport, Hanak, Saudi Arabia (2023)
* Tocumen International Airport Terminal 2, Panama City, Panama (2023)
* Gadigal and Barangaroo Metro stations, Sydney (2024)
* Techo Takhmao International Airport, Phnom Penh, Cambodia (2025)
* Solidarity Transport Hub or Central Communication/Transport Port, Baranów, Poland (2027)

### Office

[edit]

* Fred. Olsen Lines terminal, London Docklands, UK (1971)
* Willis Building, Ipswich, UK (1971–1975)
* HSBC Tower, Hong Kong (1986)
* Commerzbank Tower, Frankfurt, Germany (1997)
* Citigroup Centre, London, UK (1996–2000)
* 8 Canada Square (global headquarters of HSBC Group, London, UK (1997–2002)
* The Gherkin, London, UK – Swiss Re headquarters (2004) – Stirling Prize
* McLaren Technology Centre, base for the McLaren Formula One team and McLaren Group, Woking, UK (2004)
* Deutsche Bank Place, Sydney (1997–2005)
* Hearst Tower, New York City, US (2006)
* Willis Building, London, UK (2001–2007)
* Torre Cepsa, Madrid, Spain (2002–2009)
* Principal Place, Shoreditch, London (2012–2016) – UK headquarters of Amazon
* Apple Park (corporate headquarters of Apple Inc.), Cupertino, California, US (2013–2017)
* Bloomberg London (European headquarters), London UK (2017) – Stirling Prize
* Hankook Technoplex, Daejeon, South Korea (2016-2020)[35][36]
* Varso (the tallest building in Poland and in the European Union), Warsaw, Poland (2022)
* 425 Park Avenue, New York City, US (2022)
* Russian Copper Company [ru] Headquarters, Yekaterinburg, Russia (2020)[37][38]
* DJI Sky City (DJI headquarter), Shenzhen, China (2022)
* MOL Campus (the tallest Building in Hungary), Budapest, Hungary (2022)

### Leisure

[edit]

* The Great Glasshouse, National Botanic Garden of Wales, Wales, UK (1995–2000)
* Elephant House, Copenhagen Zoo#Foster's Elephant House, Copenhagen, Denmark (2002–2008)
* Dolder Grand restoration, Zürich, Switzerland (2002–2008)
* Faustino Winery Bodegas Faustino, Castilla y Leon, Spain (2007–2010)
* Le Dôme winery, Saint-Émilion, France (−2021)
* ME Hotel, ME by Meliá, London, UK (2004–2013)
* The Murray, Hong Kong (2018)[39][40]

### Mixed use

[edit]

* Albion Riverside, London, UK (1998–2003)
* Al Faisaliyah Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (1994–2000)
* The Index (Dubai), Dubai, UAE (2010)
* The Troika, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (2004–2011)
* The Bow, Calgary, Canada (2005–2013)
* Central Market Project, Abu Dhabi, UAE (2006–2013)
* One Central Park, Sydney, Australia (2012–2013)
* 2 World Trade Center (formerly 200 Greenwich Street), New York City, US (completion date not set yet)
* CityCenterDC, Washington, D.C., US
* Crystal Island, Moscow, Russia (completion date not set yet)
* Hermitage Plaza, La Défense, Paris, France (from 2008)
* India Tower, Mumbai, India (cancelled)
* Oceanwide Center, San Francisco, US (predicted completion date 2021)
* Comcast Technology Center, Philadelphia, US (completed 2018)
* VietinBank Business Center Office Tower, Hanoi, Vietnam (predicted completion date 2017)
* Principal Place (including Principal Tower), London, UK (2017)
* Battersea Power Station Phase 3, London, UK (under construction)[41]
* The One, Toronto, Canada (projected 2024)

### Residential

[edit]

* The Murezzan, St Moritz, Switzerland (2003–2007)[42]
* Regent Place, Sydney, Australia (2003–2007)[43]
* Jameson House, Vancouver, Canada (2004–2011)[44]
* The Aleph, Buenos Aires, Argentina (2006–2013)[45]
* Anfa Place, Casablanca, Morocco (2007–2013)[46]
* Faena House, Miami Beach, US[47][48]
* The Towers by Foster + Partners, Miami, US (2016)
* Arcoris Mont Kiara, Malaysia (projected 2016)
* 100 East 53rd Street (formerly 610 Lexington Avenue), New York City, US (2019)[49]
* 50 United Nations Plaza, New York City, US (2015)[50]
* Ocean Tower, Mumbai, India (projected 2022)
* The Estate Makati, Makati, Philippines (projected 2023)

### Retail

[edit]

* Apple Store, Chicago, US (2017)

### Current

[edit]

* BBC Cymru Wales New Broadcasting House, Cardiff, Wales
* Amaravati, India (under construction)
* 270 Park Avenue redevelopment, New York, United States (under construction)
* Transamerica Pyramid, San Francisco, United States (renovation)[51]

### Selected works

[edit]

* The British Library of Political and Economic Science

* The futuristic interior roof of Hong Kong International Airport

* The Willis Faber and Dumas Headquarters in Ipswich was one of Foster's earliest commissions after founding Foster Associates.

* The tessellated glass roof of the British Museum's Great Court.

* The new Wembley Stadium in London: one of the most controversial projects that Foster + Partners have been involved in.[52]

* 30 St Mary Axe, one of London's most popular new buildings.[53]

* The reconstruction of the Reichstag building

* Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts

* Millennium Bridge, London

* HSBC building in Hong Kong

* London City Hall

* Bloomberg European Headquarters, London

* Apple Park

* Interior of the Apple Store in Los Angeles, California

## Awards

[edit]

* 1998 RIBA Stirling Prize for Imperial War Museum
* 2000 Welsh National Eisteddfod Gold Medal for the Great Glasshouse, National Botanic Garden of Wales[54]
* 2003 MIPIM AR Future Projects Award, Grand Prix for Swiss Re
* 2004 RIBA Stirling Prize for Swiss Re
* 2007 RIBA European Award for Dresden Station Redevelopment
* 2007 RIBA International Award for Hearst Tower
* 2007 Aga Khan Award for Architecture for University of Technology Petronas
* 2008 2008 LEAF Award for Beijing Airport Terminal 3
* 2009 RIBA European Award for Zenith
* 2009 2009 RIBA International Award for Beijing Airport Terminal 3
* In June 2011, The Index Tower was the recipient of the 2011 Best Tall Building Middle East & Africa award by the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
* 2010 RIBA International Award for Winspear Opera House[55]
* 2011 RIBA International Award for Masdar Institute[56]
* 2011 RIBA International Award for Boston Museum of Fine Arts[56]
* 2013 RIBA International Award for Faena Aleph Residences[57]
* 2013 RIBA International Award Central Market Project
* 2013 RIBA Award 7 More London More London
* 2013 Best Bar, Restaurant & Bar Design Awards for Atrium Champagne Bar, London, UK
* 2014 RIBA International Award for Marseille Vieux Port[58]
* 2016 RIBA International Award for Buenos Aires Ciudad Casa de Gobierno[59]
* 2017 RIBA National Award for Maggie's at the Robert Parfett Building[60]
* 2018 RIBA Awards for International Excellence for Xiao Jing Wan University[61]
* 2018 Stirling Prize for Bloomberg London, UK
* World Winners Prix Versailles 2018

## Criticism

[edit]

In June 2008, The Guardian criticized real estate development in a pristine seacoast area in Bulgaria, which was under EU environmental protection. The paper cited environmentalists' concerns over the impact of the planned 15,000-inhabitant resort facilities. The Bulgarian partner Georgi Stanishev, is the brother of Sergey Stanishev, who served as the Prime Minister of Bulgaria between 2005 and 2009 and is also the Leader of the Bulgarian Socialist Party.[62]

## See also

[edit]

* List of architecture firms
* List of architects
* Mouzhan Majidi
* Richard Rogers
* Roy Fleetwood
* SkyCycle (proposed transport project)

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Spocchia, Gino (29 April 2024). "Would you work in Saudi Arabia?". Architect's Journal. Retrieved 4 December 2024. "Stuart Latham, managing partner and senior executive partner at Foster + Partners, tells the AJ: 'Saudi Arabia is rapidly opening up to the rest of the world"
2. ^ Rogers, Dave (2 December 2024). "Fosters sees income break through £400m figure". Builders. Retrieved 4 December 2024.
3. ^ Kuang, Cliff (13 February 2009). "Norman Foster's No Good, Rotten, Very Bad Week". Fast Company. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
4. ^ Cohen de Lara, Max; Mulder van der Vegt, David. "These 5 architectural designs influence every legislature in the world — and tell you how each governs". Washington Post. No. 4 March2017. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
5. ^ Nayeri, Farah (10 May 2023). "Norman Foster Is Still Looking Upward". New York Times. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
6. ^ Wong, Gillian; Specia, Megan (13 August 2019). "Hong Kong Airport, a City's Symbol of Pride, Is Now Its Hub of Unrest". New York Times. Retrieved 5 September 2023.
7. ^ a b Hickman, Matt (11 October 2021). "Foster + Partners sold to a Canadian private investment firm". The Architect's Newspaper. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
8. ^ Bertoli, Rosa (30 August 2022). "Leading light: Foster + Partners' Industrial Design shines bright". Wallpaper. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
9. ^ a b Fazzare, Elizabeth (12 May 2023). "Norman Foster Is More Invested in the Future Than Ever". Architectural Digest. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
10. ^ Prisco, Jacopo (10 October 2018). "Bloomberg's European HQ named UK's best new building". CNN. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
11. ^ a b Parker, Ian (20 January 2025). "Norman Foster's Empire of Image Control". The New Yorker. ISSN 0028-792X.
12. ^ Ravenscroft, Tom (19 January 2023). ""There are a lot of dangerous myths" about sustainability says Norman Foster". dezeen. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
13. ^ Glancey, Jonathan (2 January 1999). "The Guardian Profile: Sir Norman Foster, The Master Builder". The Guardian.
14. ^ a b Rybczynski, Witold (18 February 2016). "Biography of a Building". Architect magazine. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
15. ^ Moore, Rowan (18 March 2018). "Forty years of hi-tech: from the Sainsbury Centre to Apple Park". The Guardian. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
16. ^ a b c Astbury, Jon (11 November 2019). "Norman Foster is high-tech architecture's international figurehead". Dezeen. Retrieved 15 October 2024.
17. ^ Douglass-Jamies, David (2 November 2015). "AD Classics: New German Parliament, Reichstag / Foster + Partners". ArchDaily. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
18. ^ "'Erotic gherkin' for London skyline". BBC News. 23 August 2000. Archived from the original on 9 September 2010. Retrieved 7 February 2010.
19. ^ "London's Gherkin sold to Brazilian billionaire". BBC. 10 November 2014. Retrieved 21 November 2024.
20. ^ Buckley, Julia (20 August 2024). "How the world's tallest bridge changed the map of Europe". CNN. Retrieved 4 December 2024.
21. ^ "Architect Norman Foster sells stake to 3i". Reuters. 9 August 2007. Retrieved 21 April 2025.
22. ^ Levy, Steven (16 May 2017). "Inside Apple's Insanely Great (or Just Insane) New Mothership". Wired. Retrieved 15 October 2024.
23. ^ Tibkin, Shara (17 November 2017). "Apple Park: Normal people like you can now visit". CNET. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
24. ^ Rogers, David (1 July 2014). "Foster's buys out private equity stake". Building Design. Retrieved 2 July 2014.
25. ^ Hopkirk, Elizabeth (11 October 2021). "Breaking news: Foster & Partners sold to private equity firm". Building Design Online. Retrieved 11 October 2021.
26. ^ "Amaravati Masterplan | Projects". fp-corporatewebsite-prod.azurewebsites.net.
27. ^ "Millau Viaduct | Architecture Projects". fp-corporatewebsite-prod.azurewebsites.net. Retrieved 17 July 2024.
28. ^ a b Curtis, Simon; Klaus, Ian (2024). The Belt and Road City: Geopolitics, Urbanization, and China's Search for a New International Order. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300266900.
29. ^ Laura Rocha (29 March 2014). "Macri muda a Parque Patricios la sede de la jefatura de gobierno de la ciudad". La Nación (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 18 December 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2014.
30. ^ "Datong Art Museum opens to the public". Foster + Partners. 5 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
31. ^ Design New Haven "Lord Norman Foster Unveils Svelte Glass Design for Yale School of Management". Design New Haven. 11 December 2008. Retrieved 13 February 2009.
32. ^ www.fosterandpartners.com, Foster + Partners /. "Foster + Partners + Buro Happold joint venture to design four stations for new Haramain High-speed Railway | Foster + Partners". www.fosterandpartners.com.
33. ^ "Kai Tak Cruise Terminal, Hong Kong, 2010–2013". Archived from the original on 11 October 2011. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
34. ^ "Slussen Masterplan & Urban Design in collaboration with Berg Arkitektkontor". Archived from the original on 14 February 2015. Retrieved 18 May 2017.
35. ^ "Hankook Tire, Central R+D Centre | Foster + Partners". Archilovers. 20 October 2016. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
36. ^ "Hankook Technoplex | Offices and Headquarters". fp-corporatewebsite-prod.azurewebsites.net. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
37. ^ "Игорь Алтушкин: биография, личная жизнь, фонд, дети, РМК, Екатеринбург | BEGETON". begeton.com (in Russian). Archived from the original on 27 May 2022. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
38. ^ "Алтушкин Игорь Алексеевич / "Компания". Биографии". ko.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 12 June 2023.
39. ^ The Murray | Projects | Foster + Partners. Fosterandpartners.com (2018). Retrieved 2018.
40. ^ Top architect Norman Foster transforms Hong Kong's colonial-era Murray Building into five-star hotel. (26 June 2017). South China Morning Post.
41. ^ "Superstar Architects Gehry and Foster to design Battersea Power Station's High Street". 22 October 2013. Retrieved 23 October 2013.
42. ^ The Murezzan | Projects | Foster + Partners. Fosterandpartners.com. Retrieved 23 June 2014.
43. ^ Regent Place | Projects | Foster + Partners Archived 28 August 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Fosterandpartners.com (19 June 2003). Retrieved 23 June 2014.
44. ^ Jameson House | Projects | Foster + Partners. Fosterandpartners.com. Retrieved 23 June 2014.
45. ^ The Aleph | Projects | Foster + Partners Archived 18 August 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Fosterandpartners.com. Retrieved 23 June 2014.
46. ^ www.fosterandpartners.com, Foster + Partners /. "Anfa Place | Foster + Partners". www.fosterandpartners.com. Retrieved 16 February 2023.
47. ^ www.fosterandpartners.com, Foster + Partners /. "Faena House | Foster + Partners". www.fosterandpartners.com. Retrieved 16 February 2023.
48. ^ "Faena | Miami". 8 December 2012. Archived from the original on 8 December 2012.
49. ^ Hughes, C.J. (25 July 2014). "An Architect Gets Busy". The New York Times.
50. ^ Horsely, Carter. "Review of 50 United Nations Plaza, 50 UN Plaza between East 46th Street & East 47th Street". City Realty. Retrieved 1 July 2017.
51. ^ Li, Roland (22 March 2022). "S.F.'s Transamerica Pyramid is getting a $250 million redesign, the biggest in its 50-year history". SF Chronicle. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
52. ^ International Herald Tribune "Roundup: Wembley Opening Delayed Until 2007". International Herald Tribune. 1 April 2006. Archived from the original on 28 April 2020. Retrieved 13 February 2009.
53. ^ BBC News "Building Prize for 'Icon Gherkin'". BBC News. 16 October 2004. Retrieved 13 February 2009.
54. ^ Gold Medal for Architecture Archived 29 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine, The National Eisteddfod of Wales.
55. ^ "RIBA Awards 2010 – Buildings, Architects". e-architect. 15 January 2010.
56. ^ a b Welch, Adrian (19 May 2011). "RIBA International Awards 2011 Buildings". e-architect.
57. ^ 'Winners of the 2013 RIBA International Awards awards for architectural excellence announced.' Archived 26 June 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Architecture.com
58. ^ McManus, David (20 June 2014). "RIBA Awards 2014, Winning Buildings". e-architect.
59. ^ "RIBA International Prize 2016". www.architecture.com. Archived from the original on 4 June 2023. Retrieved 20 July 2020.
60. ^ "RIBA National Awards 2017". www.architecture.com.
61. ^ "Xiao Jing Wan University". www.architecture.com.
62. ^ Kate Connolly (14 July 2008). "Bulgarian eco town 'the biggest mistake of Norman Foster's career', say protesters". The Guardian. London.

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Foster and Partners.

* Official website
* Foster and Partners at archINFORM
* Foster + Partners publications at Archidust

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Stirling Prize laureates

* Stephen Hodder (1996)
* Michael Wilford (1997)
* Foster + Partners (1998)
* Future Systems (1999)
* Alsop/Störmer (2000)
* WilkinsonEyre (2001)
* WilkinsonEyre/Gifford (2002)
* Herzog & de Meuron (2003)
* Foster + Partners (2004)
* EMBT/RMJM (2005)
* Richard Rogers (2006)
* David Chipperfield Architects (2007)
* Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios/Alison Brooks Architects/Maccreanor Lavington (2008)
* Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partner (2009)
* Zaha Hadid (2010 and 2011)
* Stanton Williams (2012)
* Witherford Watson Mann Architects (2013)
* Haworth Tompkins (2014)
* Allford Hall Monaghan Morris (2015)
* Caruso St John (2016)
* dRMM (2017)
* Foster + Partners (2018)
* Mikhail Riches with Cathy Hawley (2019)
* Award postponed (2020)
* Grafton Architects (2021)
* Niall McLaughlin Architects (2022)

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