Frederick (horse)

British-bred Thoroughbred racehorse

Frederick

Frederick and John Forth. Painting by John Frederick Herring, Sr.

Sire| Little John
Grandsire| Octavius
Dam| Phantom mare
Damsire| Phantom
Sex| Stallion
Foaled| 1826
Country| United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
Colour| Bay
Breeder| G. W. Gratwicke
Owner| G. W. Gratwicke
Trainer| John Forth
Record| 5:1-0-1
Major wins
Epsom Derby (1829)

Frederick (1826–1837) also known as "Frederic", was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. In a career that lasted from June 1829 to August 1831 he ran five times and won once. His only win came on his racecourse debut, when he recorded an upset victory in the 1829 Derby ridden by his sixty-year-old trainer John Forth.[1] Frederick failed to reproduce his Derby-winning form, finishing no better than third in four subsequent races.

## Background

[edit]

Frederick was a bay horse bred by his owner, William Gratwicke of Ham Manor, near Angmering in Sussex. He was the one of several good horses produced by Gratwicke's unnamed Phantom mare, including The Margravine who in turn produced the 1845 Derby winner The Merry Monarch. The Phantom mare (sometimes referred to as Frederica) had been Gratwicke's first thoroughbred– he had bought her as a hunter– and Frederick was the second horse he bred from her.[2] Frederick's sire Little John had little success as a stallion of racehorses being primarily known as a sire of hunters.[3] He was owned by Gratwicke's neighbour Lord Egremont.[4]

Frederick was sent into training with the Yorkshire-born John Forth in Sussex, either at Mitchell Grove or at a Goodwood training stable owned by the Duke of Richmond.[5]

## Racing career

[edit]

### 1829: three-year-old season

[edit]

Frederick made his racecourse debut on 4 June 1829 in the Epsom Derby in which he started at odds of 40/1 in a field of seventeen runners with the 2000 Guineas winner Patron starting 6/5 favourite. According to the Sporting Review, the huge crowd included all ranks of society, from the Queen of Portugal to the "bare-footed tramp."[2] Forth, who was at least sixty years old at the time, elected to ride the horse himself, while the stable's other runner The Exquisite, which was owned by Forth, was ridden by Frank Buckle Jr. Although The Exquisite was widely regarded as the stable's best horse and was better fancied in the betting, Forth had asked his bookmaker to shift all his bets onto Frederick on the day before the race. His bookmaker, William Crockford agreed, observing that Forth could "ride both of them for what he cared", as neither had "a ghost of a chance".[4] The ground on Derby day was unusually fast, with one source describing it as being "as hard as Regent-street on a Summer's day".[6] In the race the favourite, Patron, was soon struggling and a horse named Lazarus led the field in the straight. The two Forth runners both appeared to be moving strongly and moved past Lazarus a furlong from the finish, with the race apparently between them. The Exquisite took the lead and looked the likely winner, but Forth produced Frederick with a "Chifney rush"[2] in the last strides to win by a head.[7] Forth became the oldest jockey to win a Derby[1] and was credited with having ridden a fine tactical race.[6]

Frederick's only other race that year was in the St Leger at Doncaster on 15 September. Before the race, Gratwicke stayed at Weatherby Grange as the guest of Christopher Wilson ("Old Kit"), whose horse, Champion, had been the last Derby winner to take the St Leger. Wilson promised to remove the painting of Champion from above his fireplace and replace it with one of Frederick if Gratwicke's colt won.[8] Frederick started 4/1 second favourite for the race with Rowton, a colt who had not run at Epsom, being made the 7/2 favourite. Rowton led almost from the start and won easily, with Frederick finishing sixth, having never appeared as a serious challenger.[9][10] The St Leger would be Frederick's last race for nineteen months.

### 1831: five-year-old season

[edit]

Frederick finally returned to the racecourse in a handicap race at the Newmarket First Spring meeting in April 1831. He carried 123 pounds and finished unplaced behind Fortitude. It was then revealed that the racecourse starter had called a false start and that the race was to be re-run immediately. Frederick finished unplaced again, although on this occasion the winner was Augustus.[11]

On Frederick's next appearance at Brighton on July 28 he carried top weight of 124 pounds in the Gold Cup and started the 2-1 second favourite. He finished third of the four runners behind Mahmoud.[12] Three weeks later, Frederick ran in the Duke of Richmond's Plate at Goodwood. Carrying 126 pounds he finished unplaced behind the three-year-old Ciudad Rodrigo.[13]

## Stud career

[edit]

Frederick was retired to his owner's stud at Ham. He was in little demand as a sire, as is clear from the fact that he was advertised as covering thoroughbred mares free of charge, with a 3½ guinea fee for half-bred mares. He sired no racehorses of any consequence.[14] Frederick died in 1837, breaking his leg when "lunging" after being startled by a runaway butcher's horse, and was buried under a chestnut tree on Gratwicke's estate.[8] His gravestone (with the words "Frederic 1837") survives close to the 18th green of the Ham Manor Golf Club.[15]

## Pedigree

[edit]

Pedigree of Frederick (GB), bay stallion, 1826[16] Sire
Little John (GB)
1816  | Octavius
1809  | Orville | Beningbrough

|
|
|

Evelina
Marianne  | Mufti
Maria
Grey Skim
1793  | Woodpecker* | Herod*
Miss Ramsden
Sister to Fag* | Herod*
Young Hag
Dam
Phantom mare (GB)
1815  | Phantom
1808  | Walton | Sir Peter Teazle
Arethusa
Julia  | Whiskey
Young Giantess
Gohanna mare
1803  | Gohanna | Mercury
Young Hag
Chestnut Skim  | Woodpecker*
Sister to Fag* (Family:5-a)[17]

* Frederick is inbred 3S x 4D to the stallion Woodpecker, meaning that he appears third generation on the sire side of his pedigree and fourth generation on the dam side of his pedigree.

* Frederick is inbred 3S x 4D to the mare Sister to Fag, meaning that she appears third generation on the sire side of his pedigree and fourth generation on the dam side of his pedigree.

* Frederick is inbred 4S x 4S to the stallion Herod, meaning that he appears fourth generation twice on the sire side of his pedigree.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b "Facts and Figures". Epsomderby.org. Archived from the original on 2011-12-23. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
2. ^ a b c Sporting magazine: or, monthly calendar of the transactions of the turf, the ... - Google Books. 1829. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
3. ^ Patricia Erigero Thoroughbred Heritage. "Orville". Tbheritage.com. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
4. ^ a b Baily's magazine of sports and pastimes - Google Books. 1862. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
5. ^ Dixon, Enrique Hall (1862). Scott and Sebright - Enrique Hall Dixon - Google Books. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
6. ^ a b American Turf Register and Sporting Magazine - J. S. Skinner - Google Books. 1844. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
7. ^ staff. Racing calendar. 1829. Babel.hathitrust.org. p. 56. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
8. ^ a b The Farmer's magazine - Google Books. 1863. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
9. ^ staff. Racing calendar. 1829. Babel.hathitrust.org. p. 173. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
10. ^ American turf register and sporting magazine - John Stuart Skinner - Google Books. 1836. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
11. ^ staff. Racing calendar. 1831. Babel.hathitrust.org. p. 23. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
12. ^ staff. Racing calendar. 1831. Babel.hathitrust.org. p. 122. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
13. ^ staff. Racing calendar. 1831. Babel.hathitrust.org. p. 154. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
14. ^ staff. Racing calendar. 1831. Babel.hathitrust.org. p. 574. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
15. ^ "Angmering History - Derby Winners". Vaugrat.demon.co.uk. 2004-03-16. Archived from the original on 2012-09-18. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
16. ^ "Frederickの血統表". Highflyer2.com. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
17. ^ "Young Hag - Family 5-a". Bloodlines.net. Retrieved 2012-01-23.

* v
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Epsom Derby winners

* 1780 Diomed
* 1781 Young Eclipse
* 1782 Assassin
* 1783 Saltram
* 1784 Serjeant
* 1785 Aimwell
* 1786 Noble
* 1787 Sir Peter Teazle
* 1788 Sir Thomas
* 1789 Skyscraper
* 1790 Rhadamanthus
* 1791 Eager
* 1792 John Bull
* 1793 Waxy
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* 1795 Spread Eagle
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* 1797 colt by Fidget
* 1798 Sir Harry
* 1799 Archduke
* 1800 Champion
* 1801 Eleanor ♥
* 1802 Tyrant
* 1803 Ditto
* 1804 Hannibal
* 1805 Cardinal Beaufort
* 1806 Paris
* 1807 Election
* 1808 Pan
* 1809 Pope
* 1810 Whalebone
* 1811 Phantom
* 1812 Octavius
* 1813 Smolensko
* 1814 Blucher
* 1815 Whisker
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* 1817 Azor
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* 1819 Tiresias
* 1820 Sailor
* 1821 Gustavus
* 1822 Moses
* 1823 Emilius
* 1824 Cedric
* 1825 Middleton
* 1826 Lap-dog
* 1827 Mameluke
* 1828 Cadland
* 1829 Frederick
* 1830 Priam
* 1831 Spaniel
* 1832 St. Giles
* 1833 Dangerous
* 1834 Plenipotentiary
* 1835 Mundig
* 1836 Bay Middleton
* 1837 Phosphorus
* 1838 Amato
* 1839 Bloomsbury
* 1840 Little Wonder
* 1841 Coronation
* 1842 Attila
* 1843 Cotherstone
* 1844 Orlando
* 1845 The Merry Monarch
* 1846 Pyrrhus The First
* 1847 Cossack
* 1848 Surplice
* 1849 The Flying Dutchman
* 1850 Voltigeur
* 1851 Teddington
* 1852 Daniel O'Rourke
* 1853 West Australian ₩
* 1854 Andover
* 1855 Wild Dayrell
* 1856 Ellington
* 1857 Blink Bonny ♥
* 1858 Beadsman
* 1859 Musjid
* 1860 Thormanby
* 1861 Kettledrum
* 1862 Caractacus
* 1863 Macaroni
* 1864 Blair Athol
* 1865 Gladiateur ₩
* 1866 Lord Lyon ₩
* 1867 Hermit
* 1868 Blue Gown
* 1869 Pretender
* 1870 Kingcraft
* 1871 Favonius
* 1872 Cremorne
* 1873 Doncaster
* 1874 George Frederick
* 1875 Galopin
* 1876 Kisber
* 1877 Silvio
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* 1879 Sir Bevys
* 1880 Bend Or
* 1881 Iroquois
* 1882 Shotover ♥
* 1883 St. Blaise
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* Harvester
* 1885 Melton
* 1886 Ormonde ₩
* 1887 Merry Hampton
* 1888 Ayrshire
* 1889 Donovan
* 1890 Sainfoin
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* 1892 Sir Hugo
* 1893 Isinglass ₩
* 1894 Ladas
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* 1898 Jeddah
* 1899 Flying Fox ₩
* 1900 Diamond Jubilee ₩
* 1901 Volodyovski
* 1902 Ard Patrick
* 1903 Rock Sand ₩
* 1904 St. Amant
* 1905 Cicero
* 1906 Spearmint
* 1907 Orby
* 1908 Signorinetta ♥
* 1909 Minoru
* 1910 Lemberg
* 1911 Sunstar
* 1912 Tagalie ♥
* 1913 Aboyeur
* 1914 Durbar
* 1915 Pommern ₩
* 1916 Fifinella ♥
* 1917 Gay Crusader ₩
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* 1919 Grand Parade
* 1920 Spion Kop
* 1921 Humorist
* 1922 Captain Cuttle
* 1923 Papyrus
* 1924 Sansovino
* 1925 Manna
* 1926 Coronach
* 1927 Call Boy
* 1928 Felstead
* 1929 Trigo
* 1930 Blenheim
* 1931 Cameronian
* 1932 April the Fifth
* 1933 Hyperion
* 1934 Windsor Lad
* 1935 Bahram ₩
* 1936 Mahmoud
* 1937 Mid-day Sun
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* 1939 Blue Peter
* 1940 Pont l'Eveque
* 1941 Owen Tudor
* 1942 Watling Street
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* 1945 Dante
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* 1963 Relko
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* 1967 Royal Palace
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