French of France

Variety of French language

"French French" redirects here. For other uses, see French (disambiguation).

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French of France

France French
Metropolitan French
Hexagonal French
Standard French
français de France
français de métropole
français métropolitain
français hexagonal
français standard
Native to| France

Language family

Indo-European

* Italic
* Latino-Faliscan
* Latinic
* Romance
* Italo-Western
* Western
* Gallo-Iberian[1]
* Gallo-Romance
* Gallo-Rhaetian?[1]
* Arpitan–Oïl
* Francien zone
* French
* French of France

Early forms

Old Latin

* Vulgar Latin
* Proto-Romance
* Old Gallo-Romance
* Old French
* Middle French

Writing system

| Latin (French alphabet)
French Braille
Official status

Official language in

| France
Regulated by| Académie française (French Academy)
Language codes
ISO 639-3| –
Linguasphere| `51-AAA-i`
IETF| `fr-FR`

French of France (French: français de France [fʁɑ̃sɛ də fʁɑ̃s]) is the predominant variety of the French language in France, Andorra and Monaco, in its formal and informal registers. It has, for a long time, been associated with Standard French. It is now seen as a variety of French alongside Acadian French, Belgian French, Canadian/Quebec French, Swiss French, etc.[2]

## Phonology

[edit]

### Paris

[edit]

In Paris, nasal vowels are no longer pronounced as in traditional Parisian French: /ɑ̃/ → [ɒ̃], /ɛ̃/ → [æ̃], /ɔ̃/ → [õ] and /œ̃/ → [æ̃]. Many distinctions are lost: /a/ and /ɑ/, /ɛ/ and /ɛː/, /ø/ and /ə/, /ɛ̃/ and /œ̃/, and /nj/ and /ɲ/. Otherwise, some speakers still distinguish /a/ and /ɑ/ in stressed syllables, but they pronounce the letter "â" as [aː]: pâte [paːt].

### Southern region

[edit]

Main article: Meridional French

In the south of France, nasal vowels have not changed and are still pronounced as in traditional Parisian French: enfant [ɑ̃ˈfɑ̃], pain [pɛ̃], bon [bɔ̃] and brun [bʁœ̃]. Many distinctions are lost. At the end of words, most speakers do not distinguish /e/ and /ɛ/: both livré and livret are pronounced [liˈvʁe]. In closed syllables, they no longer distinguish /ɔ/ and /o/ or /œ/ and /ø/: both notre and nôtre are pronounced [nɔtʁ̥], and both jeune and jeûne are pronounced [ʒœn]. The distinctions of /a/ and /ɑ/ and of /ɛ/ and /ɛː/ are lost. Older speakers pronounce all es: chaque [ˈʃakə] and vêtement [ˈvɛtəmɑ̃].

### Northern region

[edit]

In the north, both /a/ and /ɑ/ are pronounced as [ɔ] at the end, with là is pronounced [lɔ] and mât [mɔ]. Long vowels are still maintained: tête [teːt], côte [koːt].

### Lorraine

[edit]

Phonemic long vowels are still maintained: pâte [pɑːt] and fête [fɛːt].[3] Before /ʁ/, /a/ changes to [ɑː]: guitare is pronounced [ɡiˈtɑːʁ] and voir [vwɑːʁ].

## See also

[edit]

* Languages of France

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (2022-05-24). "Glottolog 4.8 - Shifted Western Romance". Glottolog. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Archived from the original on 2023-11-27. Retrieved 2023-11-11.
2. ^ Peske, Mary (August 1981). The French of the French Cree (Michif) Language (MA thesis). University of North Dakota.
3. ^ "Les Accents des Français". accentsdefrance.free.fr.

* v
* t
* e

Varieties of the French language

Standard French

African|

* Maghrebi
* African

Asian|

* Cambodian
* Indian
* Laotian
* Vietnamese
* Lebanese

European|

* French
* Meridional
* Belgian
* Jersey Legal
* Law (England, Wales and Ireland)
* Swiss
* Aostan

North American|

| Canadian|

* Quebec
* Joual
* Magoua
* Brayon
* Acadian
* Chiac
* Newfoundland
* Métis
* Ontario

|

United States|

* Houma
* Frenchville
* Louisiana
* Métis
* Missouri
* Muskrat
* New England

Saint Pierre and Miquelon|

* Saint Pierre and Miquelon

Caribbean|

* Haitian
* Saint-Barthélemy

Related|

* French-based creole languages
* Michif

Signed|

* Français signé

* v
* t
* e

Gallo-Romance languages and dialects

Areal groups|

* Canadian French*

Langues d'oïl|

| Antillean Creole|

* Dominican
* Grenadian
* Saint Lucian

|

Bourbonnais Creoles|

* Agalega
* Chagossian
* Mauritian
* Réunion
* Rodriguan
* Seychellois

French*|

* Acadian
* Chiac
* St. Marys Bay
* African*
* Abidjan
* Kinshasa
* Aostan
* Belgian
* Métis
* New England
* Québécois*
* Joual
* Magoua
* Cambodian
* Francien
* Frenchville
* Haitian
* Houma French
* Indian
* Jersey Legal
* Laotian
* Middle French
* Meridional
* Metropolitan
* Missouri
* Muskrat
* Newfoundland
* Ontarian
* Saint-Barthélemy
* Saint Pierre and Miquelon
* Standard
* Swiss
* Vietnamese

Norman|

* Anglo-Norman
* Augeron
* Auregnais
* Cauchois
* Cotentinais
* Guernésiais
* Jèrriais
* Law French
* Old Norman
* Sercquiais

Others|

* Angevin
* Berrichon
* Bolze
* Bourbonnais
* Burgundian
* Burundi Pidgin
* Camfranglais
* Champenois
* Frainc-Comtou
* Gallo
* Guianese
* Haitian Creole*
* Karipúna Creole
* Labrador Inuit Pidgin
* Lorrain
* Welche
* Louisiana Creole
* Louisiana French
* Michif
* Moselle Romance
* Nouchi
* Old French
* Orléanais
* Petit nègre
* Picard
* Poitevin-Saintongeais
* Poitevin
* Saintongeais
* Tayo
* Tây Bồi
* Walloon
* Wisconsin Walloon
* Zarphatic

Francoprovencalic|

* Faetar/Faetar-Cigliàje
* Franco-Provençal/Arpitan
* Savoyard
* Valdôtain

* Italics indicate extinct languages or dialects
* A star (*) indicates varieties with more than 5 million speakers
* Languages between parentheses are varieties of the language on their left.

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