GEM (gene)

Protein-coding gene in humans

GEM

| Available structures

PDB| Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
| List of PDB id codes

2CJW, 2G3Y, 2HT6

Identifiers
Aliases| GEM, KIR, GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscle
External IDs| OMIM: 600164; MGI: 99844; HomoloGene: 38024; GeneCards: GEM; OMA:GEM - orthologs
| Gene location (Human)

Chr.| Chromosome 8 (human)[1]

Band| 8q22.1| Start| 94,249,253 bp[1]
End| 94,262,350 bp[1]
| Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.| Chromosome 4 (mouse)[2]

Band| 4 A1|4 5.34 cM| Start| 11,704,457 bp[2]
End| 11,714,752 bp[2]
| RNA expression pattern

Bgee| | Human| Mouse (ortholog)

|

| Top expressed in

* retinal pigment epithelium

* gallbladder

* tail of epididymis

* vena cava

* gastric mucosa

* right coronary artery

* ascending aorta

* cartilage tissue

* Descending thoracic aorta

* mucosa of urinary bladder

| Top expressed in

* ascending aorta

* cumulus cell

* aortic valve

* skin of external ear

* pineal gland

* neural layer of retina

* adrenal gland

* endocardial cushion

* spermatocyte

* atrioventricular valve

More reference expression data
BioGPS| |

More reference expression data
| Gene ontology

Molecular function|

* nucleotide binding
* GTP binding
* protein binding
* magnesium ion binding
* calmodulin binding
* GDP binding
* GTPase activity
* calcium channel regulator activity

Cellular component|

* spindle midzone
* cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane
* plasma membrane
* midbody
* mitotic spindle
* nucleus
* membrane

Biological process|

* cell surface receptor signaling pathway
* metaphase plate congression
* chromosome organization
* immune response
* signal transduction
* mitotic cell cycle
* negative regulation of high voltage-gated calcium channel activity

Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
| Orthologs

Species| Human| Mouse
Entrez| |

2669

14579

Ensembl| |

ENSG00000164949

ENSMUSG00000028214

UniProt| |

P55040

P55041

RefSeq (mRNA)| |

NM_181702
NM_005261

NM_010276

RefSeq (protein)| |

NP_005252
NP_859053

NP_034406

Location (UCSC)| Chr 8: 94.25 – 94.26 Mb| Chr 4: 11.7 – 11.71 Mb
PubMed search| [3]| [4]
Wikidata
| View/Edit Human| View/Edit Mouse

|

GTP-binding protein GEM is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GEM gene.[5][6][7]

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the RAD/GEM family of GTP-binding proteins. It is associated with the inner face of the plasma membrane and could play a role as a regulatory protein in receptor-mediated signal transduction. Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified.[7]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000164949 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028214 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. ^ Maguire J, Santoro T, Jensen P, Siebenlist U, Yewdell J, Kelly K (Aug 1994). "Gem: an induced, immediate early protein belonging to the Ras family". Science. 265 (5169): 241–4. Bibcode:1994Sci...265..241M. doi:10.1126/science.7912851. PMID 7912851.
6. ^ Ward Y, Yap SF, Ravichandran V, Matsumura F, Ito M, Spinelli B, Kelly K (Apr 2002). "The GTP binding proteins Gem and Rad are negative regulators of the Rho-Rho kinase pathway". J Cell Biol. 157 (2): 291–302. doi:10.1083/jcb.200111026. PMC 2199248. PMID 11956230.
7. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: GEM GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscle".

## Further reading

[edit]

* Cohen L, Mohr R, Chen YY, et al. (1995). "Transcriptional activation of a ras-like gene (kir) by oncogenic tyrosine kinases". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (26): 12448–52. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.26.12448. PMC 45455. PMID 7809057.
* Santoro T, Maguire J, McBride OW, et al. (1997). "Chromosomal organization and transcriptional regulation of human GEM and localization of the human and mouse GEM loci encoding an inducible Ras-like protein". Genomics. 30 (3): 558–64. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1277. PMID 8825643.
* Moyers JS, Bilan PJ, Zhu J, Kahn CR (1997). "Rad and Rad-related GTPases interact with calmodulin and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (18): 11832–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.18.11832. PMID 9115241.
* Béguin P, Nagashima K, Gonoi T, et al. (2001). "Regulation of Ca2+ channel expression at the cell surface by the small G-protein kir/Gem". Nature. 411 (6838): 701–6. Bibcode:2001Natur.411..701B. doi:10.1038/35079621. PMID 11395774. S2CID 4382776.
* Aresta S, de Tand-Heim MF, Béranger F, de Gunzburg J (2003). "A novel Rho GTPase-activating-protein interacts with Gem, a member of the Ras superfamily of GTPases". Biochem. J. 367 (Pt 1): 57–65. doi:10.1042/BJ20020829. PMC 1222866. PMID 12093360.
* Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
* Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
* Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026.
* Kelly K (2006). "The RGK family: a regulatory tail of small GTP-binding proteins". Trends Cell Biol. 15 (12): 640–3. doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2005.10.002. PMID 16242932.
* Opatowsky Y, Sasson Y, Shaked I, et al. (2006). "Structure-function studies of the G-domain from human gem, a novel small G-protein". FEBS Lett. 580 (25): 5959–64. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2006.09.067. PMC 1934412. PMID 17052716.
* Splingard A, Ménétrey J, Perderiset M, et al. (2007). "Biochemical and structural characterization of the gem GTPase". J. Biol. Chem. 282 (3): 1905–15. doi:10.1074/jbc.M604363200. PMID 17107948.

* v
* t
* e

PDB gallery

* 2cjw: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE SMALL GTPASE GEM (GEMDNDCAM) IN COMPLEX TO MG.GDP

* 2g3y: Crystal structure of the human small GTPase GEM

* 2ht6: Crystal structure of Human Gem G-domain bound to GDP

This article on a gene on human chromosome 8 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

|

* v
* t
* e

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template