G (New York City Subway service)

Rapid transit service

New York City Subway service

Brooklyn-Queens Crosstown

A G train of R211As at Court Square

Northern end| Court Square
Southern end| Church Avenue
Stations| 21
Rolling stock| R211A
R211T[1][2]
(Rolling stock assignments subject to change)
Depot| Coney Island Yard
Started service| August 19, 1933; 91 years ago (1933-08-19)

Route map

Legend

|  |  |

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| no regular service via Queens Boulevard

toward Forest Hills

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|  |   G
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|  | Court Square
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|  | 21st Street
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| Queens

Brooklyn

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|  | Greenpoint Avenue
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|  | Nassau Avenue
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|  | Metropolitan Avenue
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|  | Broadway
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|  | Flushing Avenue
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|  | Myrtle–Willoughby Avenues
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|  | Bedford–Nostrand Avenues
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|  | Classon Avenue
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|  | Clinton–Washington Avenues
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|  | Fulton Street
|  |

|  |

​ | Euclid Avenue & The Rockaways

via Fulton Street

|  |

|  |

|  |

|  | Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets
|  |

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​ Manhattan via 8th Avenue

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|  |

New York Transit Museum (formerly Court Street)

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​ Jamaica via 6th Avenue

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|  |
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|  | Bergen Street
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|  | Carroll Street
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|  | Smith–Ninth Streets
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|  | Fourth Avenue
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|  | Seventh Avenue
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|  | 15th Street–Prospect Park
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|  | Fort Hamilton Parkway
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|  | Church Avenue
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|  |   G
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|  |

​ Coney Island via Culver

|  |  |  |  |  |

Legend

* * *

|  |

|  | Lines used by the
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|  | Other services sharing tracks with the
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|  | Unused lines, connections, or service patterns
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|  | Termini of services

* * *

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|  | Cross-platform interchange

* * *

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|  | Platforms on different levels
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This diagram:

* view
* talk
* edit

The G Brooklyn-Queens Crosstown[3] is an 11.4-mile-long (18.3 km)[4] rapid transit service in the B Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored light green since it uses the IND Crosstown Line.[5]

The G operates 24 hours daily between Court Square in Long Island City, Queens, and Church Avenue in Kensington, Brooklyn and makes all stops along the full route. It is the only non-shuttle service in the system that does not serve the borough of Manhattan. The G serves two stations in Queens—Court Square and 21st Street, both in Long Island City. Prior to 2010, it served the IND Queens Boulevard Line between Court Square and 71st Avenue in Forest Hills. In 1939 and 1940, the then-designated GG also used the now-demolished IND World's Fair Line to access the 1939 New York World's Fair. The GG, which became the G in 1985, had its southern terminal at Smith–Ninth Streets from 1976 to 2009.

In the 21st century, the G suffered from a wide range of issues that has resulted in complaints by people living along the route. These issues included a dearth of transfers to other services; the lack of direct service to Manhattan; short train lengths; and low frequencies. Since the 2000s, several improvements have been made to the G, including a route extension in Brooklyn and a full-route audit in 2013 that identified solutions for issues on the G service. As of 2023[update], additional improvements are planned for the G route, including the automation of the entire route.

## History

[edit]

### Early service

[edit]

The original Brooklyn–Queens Crosstown Local service began on August 19, 1933, as a shuttle between Queens Plaza on the IND Queens Boulevard Line and Nassau Avenue. This service was designated GG because the IND used double letters to indicate local service. Starting on April 24, 1937, GG trains were extended to Forest Hills–71st Avenue during rush hours, serving as the Queens Boulevard local while E trains ran express west of 71st Avenue.[6] The entire IND Crosstown Line was completed on July 1, 1937, including the connection to the IND Culver Line (then the South Brooklyn Line) at Bergen Street.[7] Although some retrospective accounts have intimated that GG service initially ran at all times between Forest Hills–71st Avenue and Church Avenue before being truncated,[8] a contemporaneous article from The New York Times reported that the Smith–Ninth Streets station served as the GG's original Brooklyn terminus.[9]

From April 30 to November 1, 1939, and from May 11 to October 28, 1940, GG trains were extended via the temporary IND World's Fair Line to World's Fair Station at Horace Harding Boulevard at all times during the 1939–1940 World's Fair.[10] Trains were marked as S Special.[11][12] The fair closed on October 28, 1940, with the station and line being demolished later that year.[11] As a result, GG service was truncated to Forest Hills–71st Avenue.[13][14] Additional GG service was provided for the 1964 New York World's Fair, running nonstop between Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets station and Roosevelt Avenue every 30 minutes between 10 a.m. and 3:30 pm. It took 23 minutes for trains to travel between the two stations.[10]

### 1960s to 1990s

[edit]

The bullet used from 1967 to 1979

The bullet used from 1979 to 1985

On August 19, 1968, service was extended to Church Avenue during rush hours to allow for the introduction of F express service on the IND Culver Line.[15][16] Since riders at local stations complained about the loss of direct service to Manhattan, F trains to and from Kings Highway began making local stops. All peak-direction F trains began running local on January 19, 1976.[17] On August 30, 1976, due to budget cuts, remaining F express service north of Church Avenue was eliminated and GG service was cut back to Smith–Ninth Streets.[15][18] On January 24, 1977, as part of a series of NYCTA service cuts to save $13 million, many subway lines began running shorter trains again during middays. As part of the change, GG trains began running with four cars between 9:30 a.m. and 1:30 pm.[19] On August 27, 1977, GG service was cut back to Queens Plaza during late nights, and local service along Queens Boulevard was provided by the F.[20] Effective May 6, 1985, use of double letters to indicate local service was discontinued, so the GG was relabeled G.[21][22]

Afterwards, as part of the New York City Transit Authority's proposed service plan to serve the new Archer Avenue Line upper level, the G would have been extended to Jamaica Center during weekends and evenings when N trains terminated at 71st Avenue or 57th Street–Seventh Avenue. During late nights, a G train shuttle would have run between Jamaica Center and Van Wyck Boulevard. On weekdays, the extension would have been served by N trains. This service plan would have allowed E and F trains to remain on the Queens Boulevard mainline toward 179th Street.[23][24][25] The final service plan, which took effect on December 11, 1988, had the extension served by E trains, with R trains extended to 179th Street.[26]

On May 24, 1987, the N and R services switched terminals in Queens. As part of the reroute plan, Queens Plaza became the northern terminal for the G train on evenings, weekends, and late nights.[27] Three years later, on September 30, 1990, G service was extended to 179th Street during late nights to replace the R, which terminated at 36th Street and Fourth Avenue.[28] On April 14, 1991, weekend service was extended from Queens Plaza to 71st Avenue. Weekend G service was cut back to Queens Plaza on July 26, 1992.[10]

In January 1991, F express service was proposed to speed service during the height of rush hours which would have reduced travel time by up to five minutes. Alternate F trains would operate express in both directions between Jay Street and Church Avenue, stopping at Seventh Avenue; as a result of this service change, G trains would be cut back from its southern terminal at Smith–Ninth Streets and originate and terminate at Bergen Street to prevent delays in express service. This service change would have been implemented in October 1991, pending approval from the MTA board.[29] An alternate version was implemented in September 2019 when limited rush hour F trains (designated as a diamond <F>) began running express between Jay Street and Church Avenue, stopping at Seventh Avenue.[30]

### Late 1990s to present

[edit]

On March 23, 1997, G trains started terminating at Court Square on weekends.[10][31] On August 30, overnight service was permanently cut back from 179th Street to Court Square, with F trains making all stops east of Queens Plaza to replace the G, meaning that the G only ran along the Queens Boulevard Line on weekdays. Evening service between 9 p.m. and 11 p.m. was cut back from Queens Plaza to Court Square.[10][32][33]

On December 16, 2001, the 63rd Street Connector opened and the G was removed from Queens Boulevard during weekday rush hours and middays; Court Square became the northern terminal for the G train during this time. Service was extended beyond Court Square to and from 71st Avenue at all other times, which represented the reverse of the previous pattern. Service along the IND Queens Boulevard Line was replaced by the new V train on weekdays during the day.[15][34] This service change was supposed to go in effect on November 11, but was delayed due to the September 11 attacks.[35][36][37] The G was to be truncated to Court Square 24 hours to make room for the V, but due to rider opposition, it was cut back only on weekdays until 8:30 pm.[34] To determine if existing G service along Queens Boulevard could be maintained along with V trains simultaneously, weekday rush hour service was simulated on Saturday, April 14, 2001 from 9:45 to 11:30 AM. G trains operated on a ten-minute frequency, terminated at 179th Street in the northbound direction and originated at 71st Avenue in the southbound direction. V trains operated on a six-minute frequency between 71st Avenue and 57th Street–Seventh Avenue via 63rd Street and made all stops.[38][39] Another weekday simulation took place during the daytime hours on Saturday, September 8, adapting the service pattern that would be implemented when the V would debut, but without the G operating along Queens Boulevard during weekday rush hours and middays.[40][41] Some trips were extended beyond Smith–Ninth Streets and originated and terminated at Church Avenue.[10] Frequencies for weekday evening service decreased from every 12 minutes to every 15 minutes, while frequencies for weekday rush hour and Saturday morning and afternoon service increased from every 10 minutes to every 8 minutes.[42]

On April 27, 2003, Saturday morning and afternoon G service was decreased, with service running every 12 minutes instead of every 8 minutes, and Sunday afternoon service was decreased to run every 12 minutes instead of every 10 minutes. In addition, Saturday morning and afternoon G trains turned out of service at Fourth Avenue instead of Church Avenue.[43]

On July 5, 2009, the G was once again extended south at all times to Church Avenue.[44] This was required for overhaul of the Culver Viaduct, which caused the express tracks at Smith–Ninth Streets and Fourth Avenue/Ninth Street—used to switch G trains between tracks after they terminated at Smith–Ninth Streets—to be temporarily taken out of service.[8][15][34] This had several benefits. First, five stations previously served by only the F train had more frequent service. Additionally, riders from northern Brooklyn and Long Island City had a direct route to Kensington. Finally, since the Church Avenue terminal had four tracks to store terminating G trains, as opposed to only one storage track at Smith–9th Streets, this reduced delays on both services because terminating G trains could switch to the storage tracks without having to wait in the station for another train to leave, as had occurred at Smith–Ninth Street.[15] On July 19, 2012, MTA officials made this extension permanent.[8][34] This reduced the need for riders from Park Slope and Kensington to make multiple train transfers to get to northern Brooklyn and Long Island City.[8][15][34]

Due to the MTA's financial crisis in the late 2000s, as well as continued capacity issues on the IND Queens Boulevard Line, the G was to be cut back from Forest Hills–71st Avenue to Court Square permanently beginning June 27, 2010.[45] However, due to planned track repairs during the times the G normally ran on the Queens Boulevard Line, service along the line last ran on April 19.[34] In addition, train frequencies were decreased, which inconvenienced about 201,000 weekly commuters since they had to wait longer for G trains.[46][47]

Flood waters from Hurricane Sandy caused significant damage to the Greenpoint Tubes under the Newtown Creek. Although the G was back in service days after the hurricane, the tube needed permanent repairs. To allow for these repairs, G service ran only between Nassau Avenue and Church Avenue for twelve weekends between July and December 2013. This schedule was also in effect daily between July 25 and September 2, 2014.[4] Service was also suspended on parts of the G route from June 28 to September 3, 2024, as part of a project to automate the Crosstown and Culver lines.[48][49]

## Issues

[edit]

Inaugural run of R211T open gangway cars on the G line at Church Avenue on March 4, 2025.

In the 21st century, the G suffered from a wide range of issues that has resulted in complaints by people living along the route.[50] Historically, it has connected only Brooklyn and Queens,[34] resulting in many people thinking of the G as the subway system's "outcast"[51] and the "unwanted drunk uncle everyone has."[52] One reporter wrote of the G, "[Riders] need it because it goes where no other train does, but they hate that they need it." Compounding to the G's "outcast" reputation, some of the G's stations along the Crosstown Line are in bad shape.[52] Since 2001, a series of service cuts and missing connections to other lines has worsened public opinion of the G.[52]

On December 16, 2001, the G's northern terminus was cut back from Forest Hills to Court Square during weekdays,[53] and since April 2010, this service pattern has applied at all times.[34][54] This service pattern not only puts more ridership pressure on the E route—already one of the system's busiest before 2001[55]—but also resulted in G trains' lengths being shortened by one third, from 450 feet (140 m) or 6 cars to 300 feet (91 m) or 4.[34] In addition, between 2001 and 2010, weekend service along the G to Forest Hills had been intermittent, with frequent service changes due to "track work".[56][52] The 2010 route reduction did increase service frequency on the remainder of the route.[34] Finally, the G has few transfers to other services, with missing transfer points to the J and ​M trains at Broadway and the 2, ​3, ​4, ​5​, B, ​D, N, ​Q​, R and ​W​ trains at Fulton Street.[34][57]

### 63rd Street Connector service reductions

[edit]

When the connector to the IND 63rd Street Line from the IND Queens Boulevard Line was put into regular passenger service in December 2001, it not only introduced the new V service, but also allowed up to nine additional trains to and from Manhattan on the Queens Boulevard Line during peak hours.[53] However, to make room for the V train on Queens Boulevard, the G had to terminate at Court Square on weekdays.[58] The reroute of the G was part of the original plans of the 63rd Street tunnel and connector, going back to the late 1960s.[59][60][61] The service plan was designed to redistribute Queens-bound passenger loads on the crowded IND Queens Boulevard Line, which ran under 53rd Street while in Manhattan. In turn, this plan was intended to bring better service and transfer opportunities, as the V train allowed direct access to 53rd Street and the IND Sixth Avenue Line for Queens Boulevard Local passengers who previously had to transfer to an express train at Queens Plaza. The New York Times prematurely described the service plan as "complex and heavily criticized" because it put more crowding on the E train.[55]

In response to complaints from G riders at public hearings about losing a major transfer point to Manhattan-bound trains at Queens Plaza, the MTA agreed to a number of compromises, including installing a moving sidewalk in the passageway between Court Square and 23rd Street–Ely Avenue (now served by the E and ​M trains) on the Queens Boulevard Line.[34] In addition, a free out-of-system MetroCard transfer to 45th Road–Court House Square on the IRT Flushing Line was created at those two stations.[34] This special transfer was discontinued on June 3, 2011, when an in-system transfer opened at the corner of 23rd Street and 45th Road, which made only the Flushing Line station ADA-accessible.[34] The MTA provided $17 million in funding for making the Crosstown Line accessible as part of the 2015–2019 Capital Program.[62][63]

The MTA also agreed to extend the G to Forest Hills–71st Avenue during evenings and weekends (when the V was not running), and run more trains on that route. There was a four-hour period where the G, R, and V, as well as the Queens Boulevard line's express services, the E and the F, were all running at once since the V stopped running at midnight and the G was extended to 71st Avenue at 8:00 pm. The authority "had spent several hundred thousand dollars on tests, trying to figure out a way to keep the G train running past Court Square and farther into Queens on weekdays, but because of the addition of the V train, which shared space along the Queens Boulevard Line with the trains already there (the E, F and R trains), G trains could not fit during the daytime, when service is heaviest."[55]

However, due to construction on the Queens Boulevard Line, the G train frequently terminated at Court Square even when the published timetable said it ran to 71st Avenue.[34] Some riders were suspicious that the service disruptions were "simply a de facto way to implement the original plan of halving G train service." The original plans called for the G terminate at Court Square at all times; that plan was shelved in 2001 in the face of community opposition, but due to budget cuts, the MTA decided to implement it in 2010.[34][54] An MTA spokesman said, "It's not personal.... If you want to keep the system up to date, you need to make sure the track and switching are all in good repair."[56]

Community groups such as Save the G! and the Riders Alliance have been frequent activists for improvements of G service. Save the G! regularly lobbied the MTA for more G train service since the original cutbacks when the V was introduced in 2001. They made the restoration of service to the Queens Boulevard Line at all times an issue in the 2002 New York gubernatorial race, but the transit authority said, "Unfortunately, putting the G back to full service is just not an option, given our track capacity—and that's not likely to change."[64]

### Changes to train length

[edit]

Signs at Bergen Street (top) and Nassau Avenue (bottom) directing passengers to the correct boarding areas, due to the short 300-foot (91 m) length of the trains

To increase service and reduce waiting time due to the 63rd Street Connector cutbacks, the G would need more trains, but there were not enough cars available in the system. The solution was to reduce the length of trains to increase service frequency.[34] Previously, the G service had run 8 60-foot (18 m) car trains or 6 75-foot (23 m) car trains; both were shorter than the typical 600-foot (180 m) length of B Division trains because ridership was deemed too low to justify running full-length G trains in frequent intervals.[34] Under the 2001 plan, trains were shortened from six to four 75-foot (23 m) cars, sticking all the leftover cars together to make the extra trains for the G, and the additional trains needed for V service.[34][65]

This meant that riders would be packed into smaller trains, and led some passengers to miss trains because they were standing at the wrong part of the platform.[66] In the past, there have been signs indicating where the train stops at some stations, in addition to the "4" and "6" markers next to the tracks used by train operators as stop points. Still, the overall lack of visual identifiers of train stop points on the platforms, the differing stop points during different times of day, and the location of staircases, transfer passageways and platform benches have been cited as a cause of passengers missing trains or being bunched into single cars.[34][67] Beginning in 2013, additional signs were installed along G train platforms.[68] In 2014, several improvements were implemented due to an infusion of extra funding, with G trains to be lengthened in 2019 (see below).[67][69][70][71]

### Non-free transfers

[edit]

Save the G!, the Riders Alliance, and other organizations have also lobbied for the creation of new free out-of-system transfers to nearby stations. The most prominent is between Broadway on the Crosstown Line and either Hewes Street or Lorimer Street on the BMT Jamaica Line, which are both about three blocks away; this transfer has been previously proposed.[34][57] In 2005, an MTA spokesperson stated, "We have no intention of making that a permanent free transfer."[72] This sentiment was repeated in 2013, with the MTA citing the loss of around $770,000 in revenue if the transfer were to become free.[34][73]

Temporary free transfers have been provided in the past, including one to Lorimer Street in 1999 due to suspended service over the Williamsburg Bridge on the J, M, and Z​ trains, and again during the Summer 2014 G service suspension north of Nassau Avenue.[34][74] A second transfer, from Fulton Street to the busy Atlantic Avenue–Barclays Center complex in Downtown Brooklyn, was rejected by the MTA due to the long walking distance between the two stations, as well as the fact that there is a transfer to Manhattan-bound A and ​C trains at Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets.[34][57]

A temporary transfer between Broadway and Hewes Street or Lorimer Street (along the BMT Jamaica Line) was reinstated in April 2019 due to L train service changes associated with the 14th Street Tunnel shutdown.[75] The transfer was in effect until May 31, 2020.[76] A temporary, MetroCard-only transfer between 21st Street and Hunters Point Avenue (along the IRT Flushing Line) was proposed, but not implemented.[77]: 13

## 21st-century upgrades

[edit]

A reopened entrance to the Fulton Street station along South Portland Avenue, 2010

### Station entrance reopenings

[edit]

Most stations along the IND Crosstown Line were built with multiple exits to the street. Over the years, many lower-use exits were closed (as they were in other parts of the subway), as the city was concerned that they were a magnet for criminals;[78] this resulted in G trains along the Crosstown Line needing to stop at the locations closest to the exits.[34] However, in July 2005, in response to community pressure, the MTA agreed to re-open an exit to the southwestern corner of South Portland Avenue to the southbound platform of the Fulton Street station. The New York Times described it as a "minor victory" for "a maligned line."[78] Additionally, exits to the intersection of Powers Street, Hope Street, and Union Avenue at Metropolitan Avenue were reopened on February 28, 2019, to address possible capacity constraints due to the L train shutdown.[79] In 2019, the Court Square station received several new stairways to accommodate increased ridership from L train riders during the reconstruction of the BMT Canarsie Line tunnels under the East River, which started in late April 2019.[79]

### Review of the G route

[edit]

In 2013, at the request of State Senators Daniel Squadron and Martin Malave Dilan, the MTA conducted a review of the entire G route.[66] The route had been maligned by riders because of its unreliability, and the review recommended a few service changes for the G.[34][67][66] On June 9, 2014, a budget surplus in the MTA allowed these improvements to be implemented. These improvements included an increase in the number of trains per hour, from six to 7+1⁄2 trains per hour during evening rush hour; uniform stopping locations for trains, whereas previously, trains stopped at different places along the platform at different times of the day; public service announcement systems on platforms along the IND Crosstown Line; relocated benches; and new CCTV systems installed for OPTO.[67][69][80] Such improvements eliminated the infamous "G train sprint,"[66] wherein riders ran for G trains that stopped at the other end of the platforms.[81][82]

From 2010 to 2015, ridership on the G rose 17%, with approximately 150,000 riders per weekday in 2015.[51] At the time, it was the route with the fastest growing ridership base in the entire system.[66] These improvements also had the additional benefit of being able to accommodate the growing ridership base in gentrified neighborhoods along the line, like Park Slope, Carroll Gardens, Bedford–Stuyvesant, Williamsburg, Greenpoint, and Long Island City. This was due in part to the G's weekday frequencies having become more dependable as a result of the 2013 review.[34][51] Even so, the G continued to have long headways during weekends[51] until July 2023.[83][84]

### L train shutdown

[edit]

Despite the influx of ridership, train lengths did not change. In 2016, it was announced that the G was expected to receive longer trains to accommodate displaced L train riders in 2019, when the 14th Street Tunnel shutdown was supposed to limit direct L train access to Manhattan. As a result, riders in Williamsburg, Greenpoint, and Bushwick would need to use the G to transfer to other subway routes that travel to Manhattan. The delivery of new R179 subway cars to other routes would make it possible for older fleets from these other routes to be passed onto the G.[71] In addition, three extra G trains per hour would run during peak periods, for a total of 11 trains per hour during the shutdown. A full-length G train would run every five to six minutes, more than doubling the route's total capacity.[a] Since the G train's schedule is designed around that of the F train, train frequencies on both routes would have to be modified.[85]

In July 2018, the MTA published a report stating that the G route would have 15 full-length trains per hour between Court Square and Bedford–Nostrand Avenues, or a rate of one train every four minutes. South of Bedford–Nostrand Avenues, the G would have a headway of 12 trains per hour.[77]: 13  The terminus for most of the remaining G trips would be Church Avenue, but some trains would continue two additional stops to 18th Avenue, because only a limited number of trains can terminate at Church Avenue without causing disruptions to F service.[86] Other temporary improvements during the L train shutdown would include free-out-of-system transfers between the G at Broadway and the J, M, and Z​ trains at Lorimer Street and Hewes Street, as well as between the G at 21st Street and the 7 and <7>​ trains at Hunters Point Avenue.[77]: 13  In addition, closed entrances would be reopened at Metropolitan Avenue, and the Nassau Avenue and Metropolitan Avenue stations' fare control areas would be reconfigured to accommodate increased ridership.[77]: 16

The L train shutdown was curtailed in January 2019. Instead of being a full-time closure, it would only be a partial closure on nights and weekends. However, the station enhancements along the route were still implemented.[87][88] The following month, the MTA decided that the G would not receive full-length trains, though it would still see an increase in train frequencies during nights and weekends.[89][90] A spokesperson for the MTA said in 2023 that there was not enough rolling stock available to allow G trains to be lengthened without decreasing frequencies.[91] Weekend frequencies on the G route were increased in July 2023.[83][84]

### CBTC signaling

[edit]

In December 2022, the MTA announced that it would award a $368 million design–build contract to Crosstown Partners, a joint venture between Thales Group and TC Electric LLC, to install communications-based train control (CBTC) along the length of the G route.[92][93] The contract includes not only the Crosstown Line between Court Square and Bergen Street, but also the Culver Line between Bergen Street and Church Avenue.[93] The project also included adding Wi-Fi in the tunnels.[94] Upon the completion of the contract, the G would be one of three routes in the system to be entirely equipped with CBTC, besides the L and 7 trains.[92]

To accommodate the CBTC upgrades, the Crosstown Line was partially closed in three phases starting on June 28, 2024, and G service was partially suspended. Initially, the northern half of the line was closed, followed by the southern half.[95][96] Local politicians asked the MTA to operate full-length G trains and extend the route to Forest Hills following the partial closures.[97][98] However, MTA chairman Janno Lieber said that longer G trains would not be restored until ridership levels increase, though the CBTC signaling would be capable of handling lengthened G trains.[99] Full service resumed on September 3, 2024.[48][49] As part of the project, the Crosstown Line tunnels used by the G train between the Court Square and Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets stations were retrofitted with 5G cellular service.[100]

## Fleet

[edit]

The G operates 300-foot (91 m) trains, half the length of normal B Division standards. It also operates One Person Train Operation (OPTO) service during late nights and weekends.[34] Since the G's stations can still accommodate full-length 600-foot (180 m) trains, trains serve only certain parts of the platform at each station (see G (New York City Subway service) § Changes to train length).[68] As of July 2025[update], the G's fleet entirely consists of R211A and R211T cars,[101] the latter of which began running on the G in 2025.[102][103] The G route typically operates with 13 train sets, four of which are R211Ts and the rest R211As.[101]

## Route

[edit]

### Service pattern

[edit]

The G uses the following lines with the same service pattern at all times.[104]

Line  | From  | To  | Tracks

|
|
|

IND Crosstown Line | Court Square | Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets | all
IND Culver Line | Bergen Street | Church Avenue | local

### Stations

[edit]

For a more detailed station listing, see the articles on the lines listed above.[3]

Station service legend

| Stops 24 hours a day
| Stops every day during daytime hours only
| Stops every day during overnight hours only
| Stops during weekday daytime hours only
| Stops 24 hours a day, except during weekday rush hours in the peak direction
| Station closed
| Stops rush hours only (limited service)
| Stops weekdays in the peak direction only
Time period details
| Station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act
↑  | Station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act
in the indicated direction only

| Elevator access to mezzanine only
| Stations  |  | Subway transfers  | Connections

|
|
|
|

Queens
Crosstown Line
| Court Square |  | 7  <7> ​ (IRT Flushing Line)
E  ​M  (IND Queens Boulevard Line at Court Square–23rd Street)  |
| 21st Street |  |  | LIRR City Terminal Zone at Hunterspoint Avenue (peak hours only)
Brooklyn
| Greenpoint Avenue |  |  |  NYC Ferry: East River Route (at India Street west of West Street)
| Nassau Avenue |  |  |
| Metropolitan Avenue |  | L  (BMT Canarsie Line at Lorimer Street)  |
| Broadway |  |  |
| Flushing Avenue |  |  |
| Myrtle–Willoughby Avenues |  |  |
| Bedford–Nostrand Avenues |  |  | B44 Select Bus Service
| Classon Avenue |  |  |
| Clinton–Washington Avenues |  |  |
| Fulton Street |  |  |
| Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets |  | A  ​C  (IND Fulton Street Line)  |
Culver Line
| Bergen Street |  | F  |
| Carroll Street |  | F  |
| Smith–Ninth Streets |  | F  |
| Fourth Avenue |  | F
D  ​N  ​R  ​W  (BMT Fourth Avenue Line at Ninth Street)  |
| Seventh Avenue |  | F  <F> |
| 15th Street–Prospect Park |  | F  |
| Fort Hamilton Parkway |  | F  |
| Church Avenue |  | F  <F> |

## In popular culture

[edit]

The G train is shown in the TV series Girls, as the show's main character, Hannah, lives in Greenpoint (near a stop along the G) and sometimes uses the route.[51][105] The G train is also the subject of the song "G Train" by Thirdstory, featuring Pusha T.[106]

## See also

[edit]

* Brooklyn–Queens Connector, an unbuilt light rail route in Brooklyn and Queens
* Triboro RX, a proposed light rail route in Brooklyn and Queens

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Each consist of trains is 300 feet (91 m) long, the length of a standard G train as of 2018[update]. A full-length train on most B Division routes is 600 feet (180 m) long, and assuming that the G would use 600-foot-long trains, this will nearly triple the G train's capacity from 8 to 22 consists of 300-foot trains every hour. However, full-length trains on some routes, namely the BMT Eastern Division (J, L, M, and Z trains), are 480 feet (150 m) long. If the G uses 480-foot-long trains, its capacity will only be slightly more than doubled from 8 to 17.6 consists of 300-foot-long trains.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ 'Subdivision 'B' Car Assignment Effective December 19, 2021'. New York City Transit, Operations Planning. December 17, 2021.
2. ^ "Subdivision 'B' Car Assignments: Cars Required November 1, 2021" (PDF). The Bulletin. 64 (12). Electric Railroaders' Association: 3. December 2021. Retrieved December 3, 2021.
3. ^ a b "G Subway Timetable, Effective September 3, 2024". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved May 29, 2025.
4. ^ a b "G Line Review". mta.info. Archived from the original on November 7, 2015. Retrieved October 29, 2015.
5. ^ "Mta.info – Line Colors". mta.info. Archived from the original on October 16, 2016.
6. ^ "Independent Subway Services Beginning in 1932". August 21, 2013. Retrieved August 2, 2015 – via thejoekorner.com.
7. ^ "New Crosstown Subway Line Is Opened". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. July 1, 1937. Retrieved December 24, 2015.
8. ^ a b c d O'Neill, Natalie (July 19, 2012). "G Wiz! MTA Plans to Save the G Train Extension!". The Brooklyn Paper. Archived from the original on September 17, 2012. Retrieved July 21, 2012.
9. ^ "CITY SUBWAY LINK IN KINGS IS TESTED: Crosstown Line, to Be Opened Thursday, Will Connect Queens and Brooklyn IT IS 41/2 MILES IN LENGTH Cost $35,000,000 and Ends Transit Program Except for the 6th Ave Route EXERCISES FOR OPENING Mayor, City Officials and Civic Leaders to Ride Trains and Attend Luncheon". The New York Times. June 27, 1937. p. 31\. ProQuest 102058706.
10. ^ a b c d e f Linder, Bernard (July 2009). "GG/G Train Service" (PDF). The Bulletin. 52 (7). Electric Railroaders' Association: 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 26, 2021. Retrieved May 20, 2020.
11. ^ a b "End of Subway Spur To Fair Now Urged: Transportation Board Asks the Right to Demolish It". The New York Times. November 26, 1940. Archived from the original on July 9, 2015. Retrieved July 7, 2015.
12. ^ "How To Get To The Fair Grounds; By Subway". The New York Times. April 30, 1939. Archived from the original on July 9, 2015. Retrieved July 7, 2015.
13. ^ "CITY SUBWAY RIDE TO FAIR TO COST 10¢ Board Holds Dime Charge Is Necessary to Pay for Branch Line to the Grounds" (PDF). The New York Times. February 18, 1939. Retrieved July 6, 2015.
14. ^ "NEW SUBWAY SPUR IS READY TO OPEN: First Train to Start Four Minutes Before the Fair Officially Begins". The New York Times. April 17, 1939. Archived from the original on July 9, 2015. Retrieved July 7, 2015.
15. ^ a b c d e f "Review of F Line Operations, Ridership, And Infrastructure" (PDF). nysenate.gov. MTA New York City Transit Authority. October 7, 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 31, 2010. Retrieved July 28, 2015.
16. ^ "5 Fast Lines to Coney". New York Daily News. August 18, 1968. p. 4. Retrieved May 20, 2020.
17. ^ Linder, Bernard (June 2009). "Houston Street and Smith Street Subways" (PDF). The Bulletin. 52 (6). Electric Railroaders' Association: 2–4\. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 7, 2021. Retrieved May 20, 2020.
18. ^ Service Adjustment on BMT and IND Lines Effective 1 A.M. Monday, Aug. 30. New York City Transit Authority. August 1976. Archived from the original on January 5, 2017. Retrieved October 23, 2016 – via Flickr.
19. ^ Cosgrove, Vincent (January 28, 1977). "Straphangers: Mini-Train Idea Comes Up Short". New York Daily News. Retrieved December 27, 2021.
20. ^ Service Adjustments on the BMT and IND Lines Effective Midnight, Saturday, August 27 New York City Transit Authority (1977). Archived from the original on September 15, 2016. Retrieved June 9, 2016 – via Flickr – Photo Sharing!.
21. ^ Korman, Joe. What's a K Train? – via TheJoeKorner.
22. ^ Hey, What's a "K" Train? 1985 Brochure. Archived from the original on September 15, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2016 – via Flickr – Photo Sharing!.
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24. ^ "R46 Subway Car Rollsign". Photobucket. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved September 8, 2019.
25. ^ "A View of the Western Car Dropoff/Pickup Area. A Sign Outlining the Proposed Services Following the Opening of the Archer Avenue Subway Can Be Seen – N Trains, Which Served the Queens Boulevard Line Until 1987, Would Have Run to Jamaica Center, Along with the G, Which Served the Queens Boulevard Line Until 2010. In Addition, A Sealed Passage to the Northwestern of Union Turnpike Upper Level and Queens Boulevard Can Be Made out by the Arched Ceiling to the Right of the Subway Sign". indsecondsystem.weebly.com. March 8, 2020. Retrieved March 13, 2020.
26. ^ Polsky, Carol (December 11, 1988). "New Subway Line Finally Rolling Through Queens". Newsday.
27. ^ Cox, Jeremiah. Announcing Service Changes on the N and R Routes. The Subway Nut. Archived from the original on August 19, 2016.
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30. ^ Barone, Vincent (July 9, 2019). "Limited F Express Service Coming to Brooklyn for Rush Hour". AMNY. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
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35. ^ Chan, Joseph (December 2001). "On Queens Boulevard, V Is For Velocity: Planning & Rehearsing 63rd Street Connector Service -- Rehearsing the Service Plan" (PDF). The Bulletin. 44 (12). Electric Railroaders' Association, Incorporated: 6, 19. Retrieved March 12, 2025.
36. ^ Donohue, Pete (June 1, 2001). "V Train Approved to Cut Crush on E, F & R". New York Daily News. Retrieved May 27, 2019.
37. ^ Kershaw, Sarah (December 17, 2001). "V Train Begins Service Today, Giving Queens Commuters Another Option". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved October 14, 2016.
38. ^ "Around New York's Transit System -- E/F/G/R/V Service Tested on Queens Boulevard" (PDF). The Bulletin. 44 (5). Electric Railroaders' Association, Incorporated: 14. May 2001. Retrieved March 12, 2025.
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41. ^ Donohue, Pete (June 1, 2001). "V Train Approved to Cut Crush on E, F & R". New York Daily News. Retrieved May 27, 2019.
42. ^ "63rd Street Connector In Service – New Schedules in Effect" (PDF). New York Division Bulletin. 45 (1). Electric Railroaders' Association: 13. January 2002.
43. ^ "New BMT-IND Schedules" (PDF). The New York Division Bulletin. 46 (7). Electric Railroaders' Association: 20. July 2003.
44. ^ "MTA NYC Transit – Service Advisory". mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. July 2009. Archived from the original on July 9, 2009. Retrieved October 30, 2016.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
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47. ^ "G Train Taking a Hit Before Service Cuts Roll Out". Newsday. April 13, 2010. Retrieved April 16, 2010.
48. ^ a b Medgie, Raegan (September 3, 2024). "NYC Subway: G train back to full service after summer repairs and modernization project". ABC7 New York. Retrieved September 4, 2024.
49. ^ a b Simko-Bednarski, Evan (September 3, 2024). "G train reopens as MTA crews wrap up subway signaling work". New York Daily News. Retrieved September 4, 2024.
50. ^ "Lawmakers: G Train Riders Deserve Better Service « CBS New York". Newyork.cbslocal.com. January 27, 2013. Archived from the original on October 13, 2013. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
51. ^ a b c d e Fitzsimmons, Emma G. (August 1, 2016). "Once Mocked, The G Train Is Now Cool. Kind Of". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on October 15, 2016. Retrieved October 14, 2016.
52. ^ a b c d Cohen, Billie (January 10, 2008). "The G Train From Smith-9th Streets to Long Island City". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 3, 2015. Retrieved December 3, 2016.
53. ^ a b Kershaw, Sarah (December 17, 2001). "V Train Begins Service Today, Giving Queens Commuters Another Option". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 7, 2017. Retrieved October 14, 2016.
54. ^ a b Kadushin, Peter (January 15, 2008). "G Train May Give Brooklyn Riders Faster Service, Queens Riders More Legwork". Daily News. New York. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011. Retrieved March 20, 2010.
55. ^ a b c Kennedy, Randy (May 25, 2001). "Panel Approves New V Train but Shortens G Line to Make Room". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 26, 2010. Retrieved March 20, 2010.
56. ^ a b Ilel, Neille (July 21, 2005). "'G' Is For Gone–G Train Loses Nearly Half Its Weekend Stops". Queens Chronicle. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved January 17, 2007.
57. ^ a b c Hoffman, Meredith (December 31, 2012). "G Train Riders to Renew Push for Improved Service With New Year". Williamsburg, Brooklyn: DNAinfo.com. Archived from the original on August 29, 2016. Retrieved August 24, 2015.
58. ^ Kershaw, Sarah (December 2, 2000). "Proposed Line Would Lighten Subway Crush". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 3, 2015. Retrieved March 20, 2010.
59. ^ Regional Transportation Program. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 1969. Retrieved July 26, 2016.
60. ^ Queens Subway Options Study, New York: Environmental Impact Statement. United States Department of Transportation, Metropolitan Transportation Authority, Urban Mass Transit Administration. May 1984. pp. 83–. Retrieved July 10, 2016.
61. ^ Final Environmental Impact Statement for the 63rd Street Line Connection to the Queens Boulevard Line. Queens, New York, New York: Metropolitan Transportation Authority, United States Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. June 1992. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
62. ^ "ADA Accessibility at Court Square Station on the Crosstown Line". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. March 31, 2017. Retrieved June 30, 2017.
63. ^ "MTA Capital Program 2015–2019: Renew. Enhance. Expand" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. October 28, 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 6, 2015. Retrieved October 28, 2015.
64. ^ Hays, Elizabeth (October 24, 2002). "Riders Rail at G Switch". Daily News. New York. Retrieved January 17, 2007.
65. ^ "Community District Needs for the Borough of Brooklyn; Fiscal Year 2010" (PDF). nyc.gov. New York City Department of City Planning. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 12, 2016. Retrieved October 12, 2016.
66. ^ a b c d e Flegenheimer, Matt (July 15, 2013). "M.T.A. Will End Mystery of Where on the Platform the G Train Stops". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 7, 2017. Retrieved October 14, 2016.
67. ^ a b c d "Review of the G Line: Appendices" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. July 10, 2013. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 27, 2016. Retrieved October 28, 2015.
68. ^ a b Upadhye, Janet (January 13, 2014). "MTA's New Signs Do Little to Curb the 'G Train Sprint,' Locals Say". Fort Greene, Brooklyn: DNAinfo.com. Archived from the original on November 25, 2015. Retrieved August 24, 2015.
69. ^ a b Rivoli, Dan (June 8, 2014). "G Train Service to Become More Frequent". AM NY. Archived from the original on July 24, 2014. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
70. ^ "MTA to Increase G Train Service – Greenpoint – DNAinfo.com New York". DNA Info. August 1, 2013. Archived from the original on June 13, 2014. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
71. ^ a b Hogan, Gwynne (May 6, 2016). "G Train To Get Full-Length Train Cars During L Shutdown, MTA Says". DNAinfo New York. No. Williamsburg, Greenpoint, and Bushwick. DNAinfo New York. Archived from the original on August 27, 2016. Retrieved August 12, 2016.
72. ^ Miller, Shane (July 1, 2004). "Let Us Take a Free Swipe". Greenpoint Star. Archived from the original on February 14, 2005. Retrieved January 17, 2007.
73. ^ Dai, Serena (August 27, 2014). "Transfer for G, J and M Train Riders Should Be Free, Advocates Say". Williamsburg, Brooklyn: DNAinfo.com. Archived from the original on June 29, 2015. Retrieved October 29, 2015.
74. ^ "Free Transfer Set to Expire Between G Train and J/M Lines in Brooklyn". New York's PIX11 / WPIX-TV. August 28, 2014. Archived from the original on September 1, 2014.
75. ^ "Service During the L Project". MTA.info. Retrieved May 19, 2019.
76. ^ Guse, Clayton (June 1, 2020). "MTA ends free transfer between overlapping Brooklyn subway stations". New York Daily News. Retrieved June 2, 2020.
77. ^ a b c d New York City Transit Authority (July 2018). "MTA New York City Transit Canarsie Tunnel Project Supplemental Environmental Assessment and Section 4(f) Review: Final Report" (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved July 27, 2018.
78. ^ a b Mooney, Jake (July 3, 2005). "For a Maligned Line, A Minor Victory". The New York Times. Retrieved September 20, 2017.
79. ^ a b Kabak, Benjamin (December 13, 2017). "First Look: DOT, MTA Present Initial Plans for L Train Shutdown". Second Ave. Sagas. Retrieved December 16, 2017.
80. ^ Flegenheimer, Matt (July 15, 2013). "M.T.A. Will End Mystery of Where on the Platform the G Train Stops". The New York Times. Archived from the original on July 31, 2013. Retrieved August 24, 2015.
81. ^ "'G Train Workout' Shows the 'Hike' and 'Sprint' Required of Riders". DNAinfo New York. Archived from the original on February 7, 2017. Retrieved October 14, 2016.
82. ^ Pasquarelli, Adrianne (May 12, 2013). "Trendy Greenpoint Has Grown, But G Train Service Hasn't". Crain's New York Business. Archived from the original on April 3, 2017. Retrieved October 14, 2016.
83. ^ a b Izzo, Christina (May 8, 2023). "Changes are coming to the G, J and M trains this summer". Time Out New York. Retrieved August 27, 2023.
84. ^ a b Simko-Bednarski, Evan (May 2, 2023). "NYC Transit boosting subway service on a dozen lines this summer". New York Daily News. Retrieved August 27, 2023.
85. ^ Lavin, Talia (May 10, 2018). "How Screwed Will Your Subway Line Be by the L Train Shutdown? F/G Edition". Village Voice. Retrieved May 10, 2018.
86. ^ "Transit & Bus Committee Meeting October 2018" (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. October 22, 2018. p. 195\. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 20, 2018. Retrieved October 22, 2018.
87. ^ "Forget everything you knew about the L train shutdown". am New York. January 15, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
88. ^ "For 250,000 Daily Riders on the L Train, Transportation Purgatory". The New York Times. January 18, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
89. ^ "'L' Train Service May Still Be Reduced on Nights and Weekends for Repairs". Spectrum News NY1 | New York City. February 14, 2019. Retrieved February 14, 2019.
90. ^ Siff, Andrew (February 13, 2019). "MTA Unveils Proposed Alternative Service Plan for L Train". NBC New York. Retrieved February 14, 2019.
91. ^ Metro, amNewYork (May 28, 2023). "Ask the MTA". amNewYork. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
92. ^ a b Brachfeld, Ben (December 20, 2022). "MTA Set to Award $368 Million Contract to Modernize G Line Signals". amNewYork. Retrieved December 21, 2022.
93. ^ a b "Capital Program Oversight Committee Meeting December 2022". mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. December 19, 2022. pp. 99–101. Retrieved July 14, 2022.
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## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to G (New York City Subway service).

* MTA NYC Transit – G Brooklyn-Queens Crosstown Local
* MTA Subway Time—G Train
* "G Subway Timetable, Effective September 3, 2024". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved May 29, 2025.
* MTA NYC Transit – "NYC Transit G LINE REVIEW"
* Main document Archived December 24, 2019, at the Wayback Machine
* Appendix Archived January 27, 2016, at the Wayback Machine – service statistics and proposed improvements. Also includes track diagrams, station layouts, and rolling stock.

* v
* t
* e

New York City Subway

Current
services|

*   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *

|  Shuttles|

42nd Street
Franklin Avenue
Rockaway Park

|

Planned|

Defunct
services|

| 1985–present|

*   *   *   *   *

|

Pre-1985|

* 8
* 9 (Dyre Avenue)
* AA
* BB
* CC
* EE (Eighth Avenue)
* EE (Broadway)
* GG
* HH (Court Street)
* JJ
* K (Jamaica)
* KK
* LL
* MJ
* NX
* QB
* QJ
* QT
* RJ
* RR
* T
* TT

Shuttles|

Bowling Green
Broadway/63rd Street
Culver
Grand Street
Nassau Street
Polo Grounds
Sixth Avenue/63rd Street

BMT numbers|

Brooklyn Loops
East New York Loop

Unused labels|

Unused New York City Subway service labels

Stations (List)|

| By borough|

The Bronx
Brooklyn
Manhattan
Queens

|

By type|

Closed
Terminals
Transfer
Accessible

Divisions|

* A Division
* IRT
* B Division
* BMT
* IND

Other lists|

* Lines
* Yards
* Rolling stock
* R-type contracts

History|

| Early history|

* IRT
* BMT
* BRT
* Dual Contracts

|

Expansions|

* MTA Capital Construction and Development Company
* Chrystie Street Connection
* Interborough Express
* Program for Action
* 7 Subway Extension
* Second Avenue Subway
* Historic proposals
* Construction
* Other proposals
* LaGuardia Airport extension

Notable crashes|

* Ninth Avenue, 1905
* Malbone Street, 1918
* Times Square, 1928
* Union Square, 1991
* Williamsburg Bridge, 1995
* 96th Street, 2024

Strikes|

* 1966
* 1980
* 2005

Service
disruptions|

* 2017–2021 New York City transit crisis
* 2019–2020 L train shutdown

Other major
incidents|

* 1965 killing
* 1984 shooting
* 2000 lawsuit
* 2017 bombing
* 2020 fire
* 2022 killing
* 2022 attack
* 2023 killing
* 2024 killing

Infrastructure|

* Accessibility
* 58 Joralemon Street
* Fulton Center
* Corbin Building
* Dey Street Passageway
* Substations
* 7
* 18
* 219
* 401
* IRT
* Dyckman-Hillside

Arts and
culture|

* In popular culture
* Mass Transit Super Bowl
* Miss Subways
* MTA Arts & Design
* Music Under New York
* "Showtime"
* Subway Challenge
* Subway Series
* Tiles

Miscellaneous|

* Automation and signals
* Chaining
* Fares
* MetroCard
* OMNY
* Pizza Principle
* List of births
* Map
* Nomenclature
* Technology

Other rapid
transit in NYC|

* AirTrain JFK
* PATH
* Staten Island Railway
* Stations

| Historical|

* Beach Pneumatic Transit
* Manhattan Railway Company

|

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