Galaxy 1

TV and communications satellite

For the video game, see Super Mario Galaxy.

Galaxy 1

Mission type| Communication
Operator| Hughes
COSPAR ID| 1983-065A
SATCAT no.| 14158
Mission duration| 9 years (planned)
Spacecraft properties
Bus| HS-376
Manufacturer| Hughes Aircraft
Dry mass| 1218 kg
Start of mission
Launch date| 28 June 1983, 22:08:00 UTC
Rocket| Delta-3920 / PAM-D
Launch site| Cape Canaveral
End of mission
Disposal| Graveyard orbit
Deactivated| 1994
Orbital parameters
Reference system| Geocentric orbit
Regime| Geostationary orbit
Longitude| 169.0° West
Transponders
Band| 24 C-band
Coverage area| United States

Galaxy 1 was the first in a line of Galaxy communications satellites launched by Hughes Communications in 1983.

It helped fill a hole in satellite broadcasting bandwidth created by the loss of RCA's Satcom 3 in 1979.[1] Unlike satellite owners RCA and Western Union, Hughes did not lease time on their transponders in the fashion of a common carrier, but instead sold transponders outright to content providers. This created a stable lineup of content attractive enough for cable providers to dedicate Earth station receivers to it full-time.[2]

Among the services on Galaxy 1 by mid-1984: HBO, Cinemax, The Movie Channel, Showtime, The Disney Channel, TBS, CNN, ESPN, and The Nashville Network.[2]

## Retirement of Galaxy 1[edit]

Galaxy 1 was originally slated for retirement in 1992 and replacement by Galaxy 1R,[3] but the replacement was lost during launch on 22 August 1992, due to a failure of the booster rocket's second stage Centaur engine.[4] Galaxy 1 was eventually replaced in 1994 by Galaxy 1RR.

## Home Box Office[edit]

The HBO (Home Box Office) signal on transponder 23 of Galaxy 1 was interrupted during the infamous Captain Midnight attack on 27 April 1986. The attack was directed at HBO for their adoption of the Videocipher system and for charging high prices for access to the HBO and Cinemax services with that system.[5]

## See also[edit]

* Spaceflight portal

* List of Intelsat satellites

## References[edit]

1. ^ "RCA Loses Contact with New Satellite". New York Times. 11 December 1979. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
2. ^ a b "After 10 Years of Satellite, the Sky's No Limit" (PDF). Broadcasting. 9 April 1984. p. 44. Retrieved 13 June 2015.
3. ^ "Galaxy 5 Heralds New Era" (PDF). Monitoring Times. June 1992. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
4. ^ William Harwood (22 August 1992). "Atlas 1 rocket fails on launch, multi-million-dollar satellite destroyed". upi.com. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
5. ^ Snyder, Joan; Spencer, Susan (December 24, 2014). "Flashback: Hacker interrupts HBO's film in 1986". CBS News. New York City, New York. Archived from the original on December 6, 2016. Retrieved September 20, 2017.

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← 1982

Orbital launches in 1983

1984 →

January|

* Kosmos 1437
* Unnamed

February|

* OPS 0252
* OPS 0252 SSU-1
* OPS 0252 SSU-2
* OPS 0252 SSU-3

March|

* Kosmos 1443
* NOAA-8

April|

* STS-6 (TDRS-1)
* OPS 2925
* Soyuz T-8

May|

* Intelsat V F-6

June|

* OPS 6432
* OPS 6432 SSU-1
* OPS 6432 SSU-2
* OPS 6432 SSU-3
* ECS-1
* OSCAR-10
* STS-7 (Anik C2, Palapa B1, SPAS-01, OSTA-2)
* OPS 0721
* OPS 3899
* Soyuz T-9

July|

* OPS 7304

August|

* Progress 17

September|

* STS-8 (INSAT-1B)

October|

* Intelsat V F-7
* Progress 18

November|

* STS-9

Unknown
month|

* Kosmos 1428
* Kosmos 1429
* Kosmos 1430
* Kosmos 1431
* Kosmos 1432
* Kosmos 1433
* Kosmos 1434
* Kosmos 1435
* Kosmos 1436
* IRAS
* PIX-2
* Kosmos 1438
* Sakura 2a
* Kosmos 1439
* LIPS-2
* Kosmos 1440
* Kosmos 1441
* Tenma
* Kosmos 1442
* Kosmos 1444
* Molniya-3 No.34
* Ekran No.18L
* Kosmos 1445
* Kosmos 1446
* Molniya-1-56
* Astron
* Kosmos 1447
* Kosmos 1448
* Kosmos 1449
* Molniya-1 No.68
* Kosmos 1450
* Gran' No.23L
* Kosmos 1451
* Satcom 1R
* Kosmos 1452
* Rohini RS-D2
* Kosmos 1453
* Kosmos 1454
* Kosmos 1455
* Kosmos 1456
* Kosmos 1457
* Kosmos 1458
* GOES 6
* Kosmos 1459
* Kosmos 1460
* Kosmos 1461
* Kosmos 1462
* Kosmos 1463
* Kosmos 1464
* Kosmos 1465
* Kosmos 1466
* EXOSAT
* Kosmos 1467
* Venera 15
* Venera 16
* Kosmos 1468
* Kosmos 1469
* Kosmos 1470
* HILAT
* Kosmos 1471
* Galaxy 1
* Gorizont No.17L
* Prognoz 9
* Kosmos 1472
* Kosmos 1473
* Kosmos 1474
* Kosmos 1475
* Kosmos 1476
* Kosmos 1477
* Kosmos 1478
* Kosmos 1479
* Kosmos 1480
* Kosmos 1481
* Kosmos 1482
* OPS 7994
* Molniya-1 No.66
* Kosmos 1483
* Kosmos 1484
* Kosmos 1485
* Telstar 301
* Kosmos 1486
* Kosmos 1487
* Sakura 2b
* Kosmos 1488
* Kosmos 1489
* Kosmos 1490
* Kosmos 1491
* Kosmos 1492
* Fanhui Shi Weixing 6
* Kosmos 1493
* Gran' No.24L
* Molniya-3 No.32
* Kosmos 1494
* Kosmos 1495
* Kosmos 1496
* Satcom 2R
* Kosmos 1497
* Kosmos 1498
* Kosmos 1499
* Galaxy-2
* Soyuz 7K-ST No. 16L
* Kosmos 1500
* Ekran No.25L
* Kosmos 1501
* Kosmos 1502
* Kosmos 1503
* Kosmos 1504
* Kosmos 1505
* Kosmos 1506
* Meteor-2 No.10
* Kosmos 1507
* Kosmos 1508
* Kosmos 1509
* OPS 1294
* Molniya-1 No.48
* Kosmos 1510
* Kosmos 1511
* Gorizont No.18L
* Kosmos 1512
* Kosmos 1513
* Kosmos 1514
* Kosmos 1515
* Molniya-3 No.35
* Kosmos 1516
* Kosmos 1517
* Kosmos 1518
* Kosmos 1519
* Kosmos 1520
* Kosmos 1521

Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).
Crewed flights are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).

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