Garibaldi Provincial Park

Wilderness park in British Columbia, Canada

Garibaldi Provincial Park

IUCN category II (national park)[1]

Sphinx Glacier, Garibaldi Lake and the north face of Mount Garibaldi, looking south from Panorama Ridge at 6,900 ft (2,100 m).

Location| British Columbia, Canada
Nearest city| Squamish & Whistler, British Columbia
Coordinates| 49°55′N 122°45′W﻿ / ﻿49.917°N 122.750°W﻿ / 49.917; -122.750
Area| 1,950 km2 (750 sq mi)
Established| April 29, 1920
Governing body| BC Parks
Website| bcparks.ca/explore/parkpgs/garibaldi/

Garibaldi Provincial Park, also called Garibaldi Park, is a wilderness park located on the coastal mainland of British Columbia, Canada, 70 kilometres (43.5 mi) north of Vancouver. It was established in 1920 and named a Class A Provincial Park of British Columbia in 1927. The park is a popular destination for outdoor recreation, with over 30,000 overnight campers and over 106,000 day users in the 2017/2018 season.[2]

Garibaldi Park spans an area of over 1,950 square kilometres (753 sq mi), encompassing a majority of the Garibaldi Range mountains. The western side of the park is highly trafficked by the public due to access provided by the nearby Sea to Sky Highway to destinations in the park such as Elfin Lakes, Garibaldi Lake, The Black Tusk, Cheakamus Lake, and Wedgemount Lake. The eastern wilderness of the park is harder to access and therefore more remote than its western counterpart. To the south, Garibaldi Park connects with Golden Ears Provincial Park and Pinecone Burke Provincial Park, while its northern sections stretch past the Whistler ski resort, reaching nearly to the village of Pemberton.

## History

[edit]

### Indigenous people

[edit]

Mount Garibaldi is referred to by the Squamish people as Nch'ḵay̓, meaning "Dirty Place" or "Grimy One" in reference to the muddy water of the Cheekye River.[3] The mountain is an important cultural landmark for the Squamish, with its surrounding area being used for hunting, foraging, and the collection of obsidian.[4] In Squamish mythology, Nch'ḵay̓ was the peak to which the people tied their canoes to avoid being swept away by the Great Flood.[3]

Another culturally significant peak within the park is The Black Tusk, which is known to the Squamish people as t'aḵ't'aḵ mu'yin tl'a in7in'a'xe7en. The name translates to "Landing Place of the Thunderbird", as the peak is said to have been crushed into its present shape by the talons of the in7in'a'xe7en, or Thunderbird. To the Lil'wat people, the same peak is known as Q̓elqámtensa ti Skenknápa, or "Place Where the Thunder Rests".[5]

Mount Garibaldi's south face, as seen from Squamish. This is the view George Henry Richards had when he named the peak during the survey in Howe Sound. Garibaldi Park takes its name from this peak.

### Later history

[edit]

Garibaldi Provincial Park received its modern name from Mount Garibaldi, which was itself named after Giuseppe Garibaldi by Captain George Henry Richards during a survey of Howe Sound in 1860.[6]

Topographical map of Garibaldi Provincial Park, drafted in 1928.

In 1907, the first ascent of Mount Garibaldi was completed by Vancouver mountaineers A. Dalton, W. Dalton, A. King, T. Pattison, J. J. Trorey, and G. Warren. The views from the peaks inspired the establishment of summer climbing camps at Garibaldi Lake, which included among their ranks many members of the newly formed British Columbia Mountaineering Club.[7] The first of these camps resulted in the naming and first ascent of The Black Tusk, by a party led by William J. Gray in 1912.[5] The interest sparked by the camps eventually led to the park being legislated as a park reserve in 1920, and designated as a Class A Provincial park in 1927.[6]

In 1967, the southern section of Garibaldi Provincial park was split off as Golden Ears Provincial Park, which juts southward between the basins of Pitt Lake and the Stave River into the Municipality of Maple Ridge.[8]

Today, Garibaldi park is a popular location for outdoor recreation, and has experienced greatly increased usage within the past decade. In the five-year period between the 2012/13 season and the 2017/18 season, the park's attendance increased three-fold in number of overnight campers, while the number of day users increased ten-fold.[2][9]

## Geology

[edit]

### Geological features

[edit]

The park's landscape consists of many steep rugged mountains, coastal forests, and alpine lakes. Much of this landscape was shaped by Quaternary continental and alpine glaciation, as well as volcanic activity such as the eruption of Mount Garibaldi some 13,000 years ago.[10]

The Black Tusk, as seen from the trail to Panorama Ridge.

There are over 150 glaciers in the park, including the Garibaldi Névé and Mamquam icefields.[11] The highest peak in Garibaldi Park is Wedge Mountain, at an elevation of 2,891 metres (9,485 ft).[12] It also includes volcanic features such as an andesite tuya known as The Table, a cinder cone known as the Opal Cone, and the stratovolcanoes Mount Garibaldi, Mount Price and The Black Tusk, which are part of the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt.

There are a number of alpine lakes in the park, including Garibaldi Lake, Cheakamus Lake, Mamquam Lake, Elfin Lakes, and a number of smaller lakes. The park is also the origin of the Pitt River, a tributary of the Fraser River.[13]

### The Barrier

[edit]

Main article: The Barrier

Garibaldi Lake is retained by a lava dam known as The Barrier. Sometime in the fall or winter of 1855–56, part of this dam gave away, which resulted in a 25,000,000 m3 (880,000,000 cu ft) landslide that devastated the area below.[14] The instability of The Barrier was brought to public attention in the 1970s, eventually leading to the area below it being declared unsafe for habitation in 1981. The village of Garibaldi was evacuated as a result of this.

View of The Barrier, which was declared unstable in 1981 and resulted in the evacuation of the village of Garibaldi.

Today, the land immediately below The Barrier is referred to as the Barrier Civil Defence Zone by BC Parks. The area around it is denoted by signage warning hikers not to camp, stop, or otherwise linger within the hazard zone.[15]

### Glacial recession

[edit]

In 2007, a study on glacial recession in Garibaldi Park was conducted by the Department of Earth Sciences at Simon Fraser University. This study determined that, by 2005, glacier coverage in the park had decreased to 49% of what it was in the early 18th century. The study attributed this decrease to the trend of global temperature change in the 20th century.[16]

A similar study in 2013 by the same authors reinforced that the park's glaciers, along with others in western Canada, are at the smallest they have been in several thousand years.[17]

## Ecology

[edit]

### Flora

[edit]

Garibaldi's vegetation varies with elevation. The lower slopes of the park, between 1,000 and 1,700 metres (3,300 and 5,600 ft) above sea level, are dominated by dense forests of douglas-fir, western red cedar and western-hemlock. Forests of mountain hemlock, yellow cedar, alpine fir, and white bark pine are present in the higher elevations, and these eventually give way to parkland featuring the characteristically stunted trees of subalpine climates.[10][18]

Canada jays, known colloquially as Whisky Jacks, are a common sight in many of the higher slopes in the region.

Much of the park resides in the alpine and subalpine zones, and the park's alpine meadows are carpeted by many species of alpine plants, including heather, western anemone, lupine, arnica, Indian paintbrush, and avalanche lily. The park's flowers are typically most prominent in August.[19]

### Fauna

[edit]

Wildlife thrives in Garibaldi Park, including mammals such as grizzly and black bears, mountain goat, deer, marmot, and pika. A number of birds are present in the park, including the American three-toed woodpecker, common raven, Canada jay, and ptarmigans.[18]

As part of the park's 1990 management plan, an assessment was done on the park's mountain goat population in the Spearhead area,[20] which at the time numbered from 50 to 70 individuals.[21] The goal, supported by the provincial conservation framework of BC, was to maintain healthy, viable populations of the animal, thus preventing it from entering "at risk" status. Monitoring flights in March 2012 and March 2013 determined this population was "relatively stable and healthy",[21] but as this was limited to the Spearhead area, no determination of the status of mountain goats throughout the park was made.

## Recreational use

[edit]

Garibaldi Provincial Park is a prominent outdoor recreation destination, featuring many kilometres of hiking trails, campgrounds, and winter camping facilities. In 2016, the park's popularity prompted the province to implement an online system for advance bookings for all overnight stays. Prior to this change, campers wishing to stay overnight could register on the day of their arrival in the park. Garibaldi Park was the third BC provincial park to implement this requirement for backcountry use, the others being Bowron Lake Provincial Park and Berg Lake in Mount Robson Provincial Park.[22]

While the most popular activities in the park are hiking and backcountry camping, other activities include fishing, swimming, canoeing/kayaking, rock climbing, mountaineering, mountain biking, and backcountry skiing.[6] All of the access points, and most of the man-made facilities, are located on the west side of the park, while the eastern wilderness of the park is more remote and less frequented by humans.[23]

Wedgemount Lake with Whistler Mountain visible in the top right corner.

### Access points

[edit]

The park's five main points of entry are accessed from the Sea to Sky Highway. Each point connects to a specific region of the park, although it is possible to access multiple regions from some access points by following the park's interconnected trails.[24]

* Diamond Head is the southernmost entrance. It provides hiking and skiing access to the area south of Mount Garibaldi, including Mamquam Lake, Red Heather Meadows, and Elfin Lakes.
* The Black Tusk/Garibaldi Lake entrance is located roughly halfway between Squamish and Whistler, and can be used to reach Garibaldi Lake via a steep trail with many switchbacks. The Garibaldi Lake and Taylor Meadows campgrounds can be reached using this trail. This entrance also provides access to The Black Tusk and Panorama Ridge, and connects to Cheakamus Lake through a trail to the north.
* Cheakamus Lake is an entrance located just south of Whistler, providing access to Cheakamus Lake, and connecting to other trails further south in the park.
* Singing Pass is accessed from the community of Whistler. This entrance follows Fitzsimmons Creek, between the Whistler and Blackcomb mountains, to the Singing Pass area. An alpine route also connects to Singing Pass from the top of Whistler Mountain.
* Wedgemount Lake is the northernmost entrance to the park. It is reached via a deactivated forest service road, providing access to Wedgemount Lake.

Cheakamus Lake at dawn.

### Camping

[edit]

Garibaldi Park has both walk-in and wilderness camping, as well as some shelters. All walk-in campgrounds must be reserved before use, while wilderness camping (i.e. camping in areas other than designated tent pads) is only allowed in the Garibaldi Wilderness Camping Area,[25] which is away from the more trafficked areas of the park and carries some wilderness-specific rules and guidelines.[26] A total of 11 walk-in campgrounds exist in the park, albeit one campground, Red Heather Meadows, is only open during the winter season.[6] The walk-in campgrounds have anywhere from 6 sites at the Singing Creek campground, to 50 sites at the Garibaldi Lake Campground.

There are four overnight-use shelters in the park:

* Elfin Lakes Shelter is located at Elfin Lakes and can be reserved year round. This shelter can house 33 people and contains propane burners, which are supplied with propane by BC Parks.
* Russet Lake Hut was originally built in 1968, and is also known as the Himmelsbach Hut.[27] This small cabin at Russet Lake is used as a cooking shelter and bear cache, and sleeps 6. Plans are in place to replace the Russel Lake Hut as part of the Spearhead Huts project.[28]
* Wedgemount Lake Hut was built at Wedgemount Lake in 1970,[29] and is a basic hut mostly intended to be used as an emergency shelter.
* Burton Hut, also known as the Sphinx Hut, is located across from the Garibaldi Lake campground at the base of Sphinx Glacier and can house 10–15 people. It was built by the University of British Columbia's Varsity Outdoor Club in 1969.[30] Due to its affiliation with the Varsity Outdoor Club, this hut is reserved via the Club rather than the provincial park website.

### Hiking

[edit]

Garibaldi Lake as seen from Panorama Ridge at dawn. Mount Garibaldi's north face, as well as The Table are visible on the upper left. Mount Price is visible in the middle.

The park features over 90 kilometres (56 mi) of park-maintained trails,[6] accessible year-round, although winter hiking typically requires use of snowshoes or skis. Some of the common routes include:

* Garibaldi Lake Trail, which takes hikers to Garibaldi Lake and the corresponding campground.
* Panorama Ridge Trail, which ends at a spectacular viewpoint overlooking Garibaldi Lake.
* The Black Tusk Trail, with trailheads at Garibaldi and Cheakamus Lake. This trail reaches the base of The Black Tusk, with an optional perilous scramble leading to the top of the peak.
* Elfin Lakes Trail, which leads to the lakes and is most commonly visited in the summer. This trail also provides access to the Opal Cone and Mamquam Lake.
* Wedgemount Lake Trail, a steep hike leading to Wedgemount Lake.
* Mount Price Trail, a rough unofficial route leading to Mount Price.

### Other activities

[edit]

* Winter sports are a common use of the park during the snowy months. Most of the park's facilities, campgrounds, and trails can still be accessed in the winter by ski touring.
* Fishing is allowed with a permit at Garibaldi, Cheakamus, and Mamquam lakes.
* Canoeing and kayaking is allowed at Cheakamus Lake only.
* Swimming is permitted at Elfin Lakes (in designated areas), Garibaldi, Cheakamus, Russet, and Wedgemount lakes, although there are no lifeguards on duty. Being glacier fed, the lakes are very cold year-round.
* Rock climbing is possible at various granite walls around the park, and can be found using local climbing guidebooks. Climbing the Black Tusk is generally not recommended due to loose, unstable rock.
* Cycling, although prohibited in most of the park, is allowed on parts of the Elfin Lakes trail and Cheakamus Lake trail.
* Mountaineering is one of the oldest outdoor sports practised at the park, ever since the first summit of Mount Garibaldi. Many of the park's peaks have been summitted and provide ample opportunity for mountaineering and alpinism.

Panorama of the Elfin Lakes

Panorama of Garibaldi Lake from Panorama Ridge

## See also

[edit]

* List of provincial parks of Mainland British Columbia Coast

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Protected Planet | Garibaldi Park". Protected Planet. Retrieved 2020-10-16.
2. ^ a b "BC Parks 2017/18 Statistics Report" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-07-16. Retrieved 2020-07-16.
3. ^ a b "BC Geographical Names". apps.gov.bc.ca. Archived from the original on 2019-05-30. Retrieved 2019-05-30.
4. ^ Reimer/Yumks, Rudy. "Squamish Nation Cognitive Landscapes" (PDF). McMaster University: 5, 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-03-16. Retrieved 2019-05-30.
5. ^ a b "BC Geographical Names". apps.gov.bc.ca. Archived from the original on 2019-06-05. Retrieved 2019-06-05.
6. ^ a b c d e Environment, Ministry of. "Garibaldi Provincial Park - BC Parks". www.env.gov.bc.ca. Archived from the original on 2019-05-18. Retrieved 2019-05-30.
7. ^ "BCMC - Club History". bcmc.ca. Archived from the original on 2019-06-05. Retrieved 2019-06-05.
8. ^ "Golden Ears Park". BC Geographical Names.
9. ^ "BC Parks 2012/2013 Statistics Report" (PDF). BC Parks. Retrieved 2022-01-21.
10. ^ a b Osborn, Gerald D.; Clague, John J.; Menounos, Brian; Koch, Johannes (2004-09-01). "Environmental Change in Garibaldi Provincial Park, Southern Coast Mountains, British Columbia". Geoscience Canada. 31 (3). ISSN 1911-4850. Archived from the original on 2019-06-03. Retrieved 2019-06-03.
11. ^ "Garibaldi Provincial Park - Canadian Glacier Inventory Project". 2018-06-04. Archived from the original on 2018-06-04. Retrieved 2019-05-30.
12. ^ "Wedge Mountain". bivouac.com. 2019-05-30. Archived from the original on 2020-08-15. Retrieved 2019-05-30.
13. ^ "Topographical map of Garibaldi Park". City of Vancouver Archives. 1928. Archived from the original on 2019-06-03. Retrieved 2019-06-03.
14. ^ Moore, D. P.; Mathews, W. H. (July 1978). "The Rubble Creek landslide, southwestern British Columbia". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 15 (7): 1039–1052. Bibcode:1978CaJES..15.1039M. doi:10.1139/e78-112. ISSN 0008-4077.
15. ^ Environment, Ministry of. "Ministry of Environment - Garibaldi". www.env.gov.bc.ca. Archived from the original on 2019-05-12. Retrieved 2019-05-31.
16. ^ Koch, Johannes; Menounos, Brian; Clague, John J. (3 December 2008). "Glacier change in Garibaldi Provincial Park, southern Coast Mountains, British Columbia, since the Little Ice Age". Global and Planetary Change. 66 (3–4): 161–178. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.11.006. Archived from the original on 2019-05-31.
17. ^ Koch, Johannes; Clague, John J; Osborn, Gerald (2014-07-11). "Alpine glaciers and permanent ice and snow patches in western Canada approach their smallest sizes since the mid-Holocene, consistent with global trends". The Holocene. 24 (12): 1639–1648. Bibcode:2014Holoc..24.1639K. doi:10.1177/0959683614551214. S2CID 129853744.
18. ^ a b "Garibaldi Provincial Park". www.spacesfornature.org. Archived from the original on 2019-05-03. Retrieved 2019-05-30.
19. ^ "PARKS.GaribaldiPDF" (PDF). eng.gov.bc.ca. 2019-05-30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-05-30.
20. ^ "Garibaldi Provincial Park Master Plan" (PDF). eng.gov.bc.ca. September 1990. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-06-04. Retrieved 2019-06-04.
21. ^ a b "Garibaldi Park - Management Plan Amendment for the Spearhead Area" (PDF). eng.gov.bc.ca. February 2014. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-03-03. Retrieved 2019-06-04.
22. ^ "Garibaldi Provincial Park reservations now required for backcountry campers". CBC News. 2016-06-22. Archived from the original on 2019-01-17. Retrieved 2019-06-03.
23. ^ "Garibaldi_Provincial_Park_2008" (PDF). eng.gov.bc.ca. 2019-05-31. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-05-31. Retrieved 2019-05-31.
24. ^ "Park Map" (PDF). eng.gov.bc.ca. June 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-06-03. Retrieved 2019-06-03.
25. ^ "map-wilderness-camping-garibaldi" (PDF). eng.gov.bc.ca. 2019-05-31. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-05-31.
26. ^ Environment, Ministry of. "Visiting Parks - BC Parks - Province of British Columbia". www.env.gov.bc.ca. Archived from the original on 2019-05-18. Retrieved 2019-05-31.
27. ^ "Russet Lake Hut". Bivouac. 2019-05-31. Archived from the original on 2020-11-24. Retrieved 2019-05-31.
28. ^ "FAQ's – Spearhead Huts Project". Archived from the original on 2019-05-31. Retrieved 2019-05-31.
29. ^ "The Wedge Hut at Wedgemount Lake". whistlerhiatus.com. Archived from the original on 2019-05-31. Retrieved 2019-05-31.
30. ^ Burton, Roland (1969). "Sphinx hut" (PDF). VOCJ. 12: 47–51.

## External links

[edit]

Garibaldi Provincial Park at Wikipedia's sister projects

* Media from Commons
* Travel information from Wikivoyage

* Official website
* Burton Hut at the University of British Columbia's Varsity Outdoors Club wiki
* BCParks - Garibaldi page
* \- UN database entry
* \- History of Park and Area - Virtual Museum of Canada
* \- Garibaldi Park 2020 - History of Park and Mapping

* v
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Pacific Ranges

Ranges|

* Bendor
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* Akasik
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Passes|

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Glaciers|

* Chaos
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* Ha-Iltzuk
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* Spearhead

Communities|

* List of communities in British Columbia

Parks|

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Protected areas of British Columbia

CRHP
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International Recognition

| World Heritage Sites|

* Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks
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* Kluane / Wrangell–St. Elias / Glacier Bay / Tatshenshini-Alsek
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Biosphere Reserves|

* Clayoquot Sound Biosphere Reserve
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National Parks and affiliated areas

| National Parks|

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|

Marine Conservation Areas|

* Gwaii Haanas Reserve
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National Historic Sites|

* Chilkoot Trail
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National Wildlife Areas

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* Alaksen
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|

Migratory Bird Sanctuaries|

* Christie Islet
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Marine Protected Areas

| Marine Protected Areas|

* Endeavour Hydrothermal Vents
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|

Marine Refuges|

* Gwaxdlala/Nalaxdlala (Lull/Hoeya)
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Provincial Parks and affiliated areas

| Parks|

| Alberni-Clayoquot RD|

* Clayoquot Arm
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* Dawley Passage
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* Flores Island
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* Hesquiat Lake
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* Hitchie Creek
* Kennedy Lake
* Kennedy River Bog
* Maquinna
* Nitinat River
* Sproat Lake
* Stamp River
* Strathcona
* Sulphur Passage
* Sydney Inlet
* Taylor Arm
* Tranquil Creek
* Vargas Island

|

Bulkley-Nechako RD|

* Atna River
* Babine Lake Marine
* Babine Mountains
* Babine River Corridor
* Beaumont
* Burns Lake
* Call Lake
* Dead Man's Island
* Driftwood Canyon
* Entiako
* Ethel F. Wilson Memorial
* Finger-Tatuk
* François Lake
* Little Andrews Bay Marine
* Morice Lake
* Mount Blanchet
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* Mudzenchoot
* Nadina Mountain
* Nation Lakes
* Nenikëkh/Nanika-Kidprice
* Netalzul Meadows
* Nilkitkwa Lake
* Old Man Lake
* Omineca
* Paarens Beach
* Rainbow Alley
* Red Bluff
* Rubyrock Lake
* Stuart Lake
* Stuart Lake Marine
* Stuart River
* Sutherland River
* Takla Lake Marine
* Tazdli Wyiez Bin/Burnie-Shea
* Topley Landing
* Trembleur Lake
* Tweedsmuir North
* Tweedsmuir South
* Tyhee Lake
* Uncha Mountain Red Hills
* Wistaria

Capital RD|

* Beaver Point
* Bellhouse
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* Burgoyne Bay
* Collinson Point
* Dionisio Point
* Discovery Island Marine
* French Beach
* Goldstream
* Gowland Tod
* ȽÁU,WELṈEW̱/John Dean
* Juan de Fuca
* Montague Harbour
* Mount Erskine
* Mount Maxwell
* Ruckle
* Sooke Mountain
* Sooke Potholes
* Wallace Island

Cariboo RD|

* Beaver Valley
* Big Creek
* Bowron Lake
* Bridge Lake
* Bull Canyon
* Canim Beach
* Cariboo Mountains
* Cariboo Nature
* Cariboo River
* Cedar Point
* Cottonwood River
* Donnely Lake
* Dragon Mountain
* Flat Lake
* Horsefly Lake
* Itcha Ilgachuz
* Junction Sheep Range
* Kluskoil Lake
* Lac La Hache
* Moose Valley
* Nazko Lake
* Nuntsi
* Pinnacles
* Puntchesakut Lake
* Punti Island
* Rainbow-Qiwentem
* Ruth Lake
* Schoolhouse Lake
* Ten Mile Lake
* Titetown
* Tsʼilʔos
* Wells Gray
* Wendle
* White Pelican

Central Coast RD|

* Codville Lagoon Marine
* Oliver Cove Marine
* Penrose Island Marine
* Sir Alexander Mackenzie
* Tweedsmuir South

Central Kootenay RD|

* Arrow Lakes
* Champion Lakes
* Cody Caves
* Drewry Point
* Erie Creek
* Gladstone
* Goat Range
* Grohman Narrows
* Kianuko
* Kokanee Creek
* Kokanee Glacier
* Kootenay Lake
* Lockhart Beach
* Lockhart Creek
* McDonald Creek
* Pilot Bay
* Purcell Wilderness Conservancy
* Rosebery
* Ryan
* Stagleap
* Summit Lake
* Syringa
* Valhalla
* West Arm
* Yahk

Central Okanagan RD|

* Bear Creek
* Browne Lake
* Fintry
* Graystokes
* Kalamalka Lake
* Myra-Bellevue
* Okanagan Mountain
* Trepanier
* Wrinkly Face

Columbia-Shuswap RD|

* Adams Lake
* Anstey-Hunakwa
* Arrow Lakes
* Blanket Creek
* Bugaboo
* Burges James Gadsden
* Cinnemousun Narrows
* Cummins Lakes
* English Lake
* Hamber
* Herald
* Kingfisher Creek
* Marl Creek
* Martha Creek
* Oregana Creek
* Pukeashun
* Shuswap Lake Marine
* Shuswap Lake
* Shuswap River Islands
* Silver Beach
* Skookumchuck Rapids
* Sunnybrae
* Tsútswecw
* Upper Seymour River
* Victor Lake
* White Lake
* Yard Creek

Comox Valley RD|

* Boyle Point
* Denman Island
* Fillongley
* Helliwell
* Jáji7em and Kw’ulh (Sandy Island) Marine
* Kin Beach
* Kitty Coleman
* Miracle Beach
* Mount Geoffrey Escarpment
* Rosewall Creek
* Strathcona
* Tribune Bay

Cowichan Valley RD|

* Bamberton
* Carmanah Walbran
* Chemainus River
* Cowichan River
* Eves
* Gordon Bay
* Koksilah River
* Memory Island
* Nitinat River
* Spectacle Lake
* Wakes Cove
* West Shawnigan Lake
* Whaleboat Island Marine

East Kootenay RD|

* Akamina-Kishinena
* Bugaboo
* Columbia Lake
* Crowsnest
* Dry Gulch
* Elk Lakes
* Elk Valley
* Gilnockie
* Height of the Rockies
* Inonoaklin
* James Chabot
* Jimsmith Lake
* Kikomun Creek
* Morrissey
* Mount Assiniboine
* Mount Fernie
* Moyie Lake
* Norbury Lake
* Purcell Wilderness Conservancy
* Premier Lake
* Ryan
* St. Mary's Alpine
* Thunder Hill
* Top of the World
* Wardner
* Wasa Lake
* Whiteswan Lake
* Windermere Lake

Fraser-Fort George RD|

* Ancient Forest/Chun T’oh Whudujut
* Arctic Pacific Lakes
* Bijoux Falls
* Bobtail Mountain
* Carp Lake
* Close-To-The-Edge
* Crooked River
* Dahl Lake
* Erg Mountain
* Eskers
* Evanoff
* Fort George Canyon
* Fraser River
* Heather-Dina Lakes
* Jackman Flats
* Kakwa
* Monkman
* Mount Robson
* Mount Terry Fox
* Pine Le Moray
* Ptarmigan Creek
* Purden Lake
* Rearguard Falls
* Slim Creek
* Small River Caves
* Sowchea Bay
* Sugarbowl-Grizzly Den
* Three Sisters Lakes
* Tudyah Lake
* West Lake
* West Twin
* Whiskers Point

Fraser Valley RD|

* Alexandra Bridge
* Bridal Veil Falls
* Chilliwack River
* Coquihalla Canyon
* Coquihalla River
* Cultus Lake
* Davis Lake
* E.C. Manning
* Emory Creek
* F.H. Barber
* Ferry Island
* Garibaldi
* Golden Ears
* Kilby
* Mehatl Creek
* Nahatlatch
* Nicolum River
* Rolley Lake
* Sasquatch
* Silver Lake
* Skagit Valley
* Sx̱ótsaqel/Chilliwack Lake

Kitimat-Stikine RD|

* Anderson Flats
* Bear Glacier
* Border Lake
* Boulder Creek
* Bulkley Junction
* Tazdli Wyiez Bin/Burnie-Shea
* Choquette Hot Springs
* Coste Rocks
* Dala-Kildala Rivers Estuaries
* Eagle Bay
* Exchamsiks River
* Foch-Gilttoyees
* Gitnadoiks River
* Great Glacier
* Green Inlet Marine
* Hai Lake–Mount Herman
* Iskut River Hot Springs
* Jackson Narrows Marine
* Kinaskan Lake
* Kitimat River
* Kitsumkalum
* Kitwanga Mountain
* Kleanza Creek
* Lakelse Lake
* Lakelse Lake Wetlands
* Lava Forks
* Lowe Inlet Marine
* Meziadin Lake
* Mount Edziza
* Nalbeelah Creek Wetlands
* Netalzul Meadows
* Ningunsaw
* Nisga'a Memorial Lava Bed
* Owyacumish River
* Ross Lake
* Seeley Lake
* Seven Sisters Protected Area
* Sleeping Beauty Mountain
* Stikine River
* Sue Channel
* Swan Lake Kispiox River
* Todagin South Slope
* Union Passage Marine

Kootenay Boundary RD|

* Beaver Creek
* Boothman's Oxbow
* Boundary Creek
* Champion Lakes
* Christina Lake
* Conkle Lake
* Gilpin Grasslands
* Gladstone
* Granby
* Jewel Lake
* Johnstone Creek
* King George VI
* Nancy Greene

Metro Vancouver RD|

* Apodaca
* Cypress
* Golden Ears
* Mount Seymour
* Peace Arch
* Pinecone Burke
* Say Nuth Khaw Yum (Indian Arm)

Mount Waddington RD|

* Allison Harbour Marine
* Broughton Archipelago
* Cape Scott
* Claud Elliott Lake
* Cormorant Channel Marine
* Echo Bay Marine
* God's Pocket Marine
* Lanz and Cox Islands
* Lawn Point
* Lower Nimpkish
* Lower Tsitika
* Marble River
* Mquqᵂin/Brooks Peninsula
* Nimpkish Lake
* Quatsino
* Raft Cove
* Schoen Lake
* Woss Lake

Nanaimo RD|

* Arbutus Grove
* Drumbeg
* Englishman River Falls
* Gabriola Sands
* Gerald Island
* Hemer
* Horne Lake Caves
* Little Qualicum River Falls
* MacMillan
* Morden Colliery Historic
* Petroglyph
* Pirates Cove Marine
* Rathtrevor Beach
* Roberts Memorial
* Sandwell
* Saysutshun (Newcastle Island)
* Spider Lake

North Coast RD|

* Diana Lake
* Khutzeymateen
* Kitson Island Marine
* Klewnuggit Inlet Marine
* Lower Skeena River
* Naikoon
* Prudhomme Lake
* Pure Lake

North Okanagan RD|

* Denison - Bonneau
* Echo Lake
* Ellison
* Enderby Cliffs
* Granby
* Graystokes
* Kalamalka Lake
* Kekuli Bay
* Kingfisher Creek
* Mabel Lake
* Mara
* Mara Meadows
* Monashee
* Mount Griffin
* Shuswap River Islands
* Silver Star
* Skookumchuck Rapids
* Upper Violet Creek
* Wap Creek

Northern Rockies RM|

* Andy Bailey
* Jackpine Remnant
* Kotcho Lake Village
* Liard River Corridor
* Liard River Hot Springs
* Maxhamish Lake
* Muncho Lake
* Northern Rocky Mountains
* Scatter River Old Growth
* Sikanni Old Growth
* Smith River Falls – Fort Halkett
* Stone Mountain
* Tetsa River
* Toad River Hot Springs

Okanagan-Similkameen RD|

* Allison Lake
* Bromley Rock
* Cathedral
* Darke Lake
* E.C. Manning
* Eneas Lakes
* Inkaneep
* Keremeos Columns
* Kickininee
* Nickel Plate
* Okanagan Lake
* Okanagan Mountain
* Otter Lake
* Skaha Bluffs
* Stemwinder
* Sun-Oka Beach
* sw̓iw̓s (Haynes Point)
* sx̌ʷəx̌ʷnitkʷ (Okanagan Falls)
* Vaseux Lake

Peace River RD|

* Bearhole Lake
* Beatton
* Beatton River
* Bocock Peak
* Buckinghorse River Wayside
* Butler Ridge
* Charlie Lake
* Chase
* East Pine
* Ed Bird – Estella Lakes
* Finlay-Russel
* Graham-Laurier
* Gwillim Lake
* Hole-in-the-Wall
* Kakwa
* Kiskatinaw
* Kwadacha Wilderness
* Milligan Hills
* Moberly Lake
* Monkman
* Muscovite Lakes
* Omineca
* One Island Lake
* Peace River Corridor
* Pine Le Moray
* Pine River Breaks
* Pink Mountain
* Prophet River Hotsprings
* Prophet River Wayside
* Redfern-Keily
* Sukunka Falls
* Swan Lake
* Tatlatui
* Taylor Landing
* Wapiti Lake

qathet RD|

* Anderson Bay
* Copeland Islands Marine
* Desolation Sound Marine
* Inland Lake
* Malaspina
* Okeover Arm
* Jedediah Island Marine
* Sabine Channel Marine
* Saltery Bay
* South Texada Island
* Squitty Bay

Squamish-Lillooet RD|

* Alice Lake
* Birkenhead Lake
* Blackcomb Glacier
* Brackendale Eagles
* Brandywine Falls
* Bridge River Delta
* Callaghan Lake
* Clendinning
* Duffey Lake
* Edge Hills
* Fred Antoine
* Garibaldi
* Gwyneth Lake
* Joffre Lakes
* Marble Canyon
* Murrin
* Nairn Falls
* Porteau Cove
* Seton Portage Historic
* Shannon Falls
* South Chilcotin Mountains
* Stawamus Chief
* Tantalus
* Upper Lillooet
* Yalakom

Stikine Region|

* Atlin/Áa Tlein Téix'i
* Dall River Old Growth
* Denetiah
* Dune Za Keyih
* Horneline Creek
* Hyland River
* Omineca
* Spatsizi Headwaters
* Spatsizi Plateau Wilderness
* Stikine River
* Sustut
* Tā Ch’ilā (Boya Lake)
* Tarahne
* Tatshenshini-Alsek
* Tuya Mountains

Strathcona RD|

* Artlish Caves
* Big Bunsby Marine
* Bishop River
* Bligh Island
* Catala Island Marine
* Dixie Cove Marine
* Elk Falls
* Gold Muchalat
* Háthayim (Von Donop) Marine
* Homathko Estuary
* Loveland Bay
* Main Lake
* Mansons Landing
* Mitlenatch Island Nature
* Morton Lake
* Mquqᵂin/Brooks Peninsula
* Nuchatlitz
* Octopus Islands Marine
* Read Island
* Rebecca Spit Marine
* Rendezvous Island South
* Rock Bay Marine
* Roscoe Bay
* Rugged Point Marine
* Santa Gertrudis - Boca del Infierno Marine
* Small Inlet Marine
* Smelt Bay
* Strathcona
* Strathcona-Westmin
* Surge Narrows
* Tahsish-Kwois
* Teakerne Arm
* Thurston Bay Marine
* Walsh Cove
* Weymer Creek
* White Ridge
* White River

Sunshine Coast RD|

* Buccaneer Bay
* Francis Point
* Garden Bay Marine
* Halkett Bay Marine
* Hardy Island Marine
* Harmony Islands Marine
* Mount Elphinstone
* Mount Richardson
* Musket Island Marine
* Plumper Cove Marine
* Porpoise Bay
* Princess Louisa Marine
* Roberts Creek
* Sargeant Bay
* Sechelt Inlets Marine
* Simson Marine
* Skookumchuck Narrows
* Smuggler Cove Marine
* Spipiyus
* Tetrahedron

Thompson-Nicola RD|

* Arrowstone
* Banana Island
* Bedard Aspen
* Big Bar Lake
* Blue Earth Lake
* Blue River Black Spruce
* Blue River Pine
* Bonaparte
* Buse Lake
* Caligata Lake
* Castle Rock Hoodoos
* Chasm
* Chu Chua Cottonwood
* Churn Creek
* Coldwater River
* Copper Johnny
* Cornwall Hills
* Downing
* Dunn Peak
* Eakin Creek Canyon
* Eakin Creek Floodplain
* Edge Hills
* Elephant Hill
* Emar Lakes
* Epsom
* Finn Creek
* Flat Lake
* French Bar Creek
* Goldpan
* Green Lake
* Greenstone Mountain
* Harbour Dudgeon Lakes
* Harry Lake Aspen
* High Lakes Basin
* Juniper Beach
* Kentucky Alleyne
* Loon Lake
* Marble Canyon
* Marble Range
* McConnell Lake
* Momich Lakes
* Monck
* Monte Creek
* Monte Lake
* Mount Savona
* Mud Lake Delta
* Niskonlith Lake
* North Thompson Islands
* North Thompson Oxbows East
* North Thompson Oxbows Jensen Island
* North Thompson River
* Oregon Jack
* Painted Bluffs
* Paul Lake
* Pennask Creek
* Pennask Lake
* Pillar
* Porcupine Meadows
* Pritchard
* Pyramid Creek Falls
* Roche Lake
* Skihist
* Steelhead
* Stein Valley Nlaka'pamux
* Taweel
* Tsintsunko Lakes
* Tunkwa
* Upper Adams River
* Walhachin Oxbows
* Walloper Lake
* Wells Gray
* Wire Cache

Conservancies|

* Alty
* Banks Nii Łuutiksm
* Bishop Bay – Monkey Beach
* Bishop Bay – Monkey Beach Corridor
* Broughton Archipelago
* Burdwood Group
* Calvert Island
* Cascade-Sutslem
* Cetan/Thurston Bay
* Crab Lake
* Daawuuxusda Heritage
* Dean River
* Duu Guusd Heritage
* Dzawadi/Upper Klinaklini River
* Ecstall Headwaters
* Ecstall-Sparkling
* Ecstall-Spokskuut
* Ellerslie-Roscoe
* Ethelda Bay – Tennant Island
* Europa Lake
* Fiordland
* Forward Harbour/ƛəx̌əᵂəyəm
* Gitxaala Nii Luutiksm/Kitkatla
* Gunboat Harbour
* Hakai Lúxvbálís
* Hanna-Tintina
* Hotsprings-No Name Creek
* Kamdis
* Huchsduwachsdu Nuyem Jees / Kitlope Heritage
* Hunwadi/Ahnuhati-Bald
* Indian Lake – Hitchcock Creek/Át Ch'îni Shà
* Jump Across
* Kennedy Island
* K'distsausk/Turtle Point
* Khtada Lake
* Khutzeymateen Inlet
* Khyex
* Kitasoo Spirit Bear
* K’lgaan/Klekane
* K’mooda/Lowe-Gamble
* K'nabiyaaxl/Ashdown
* Koeye
* K’ootz/Khutze
* Ksgaxl/Stephens Island
* Ksi X’anmaas
* Ksi xts'at'kw/Stagoo
* Ktisgaidz/MacDonald Bay
* Kts'mkta'ani/Union Lake
* Kun⨱alas Heritage
* K'uuna Gwaay Heritage
* K'waal
* Lady Douglas-Don Peninsula
* Lax ka’gaas/Campania
* Lax Kul Nii Luutiksm/Bonilla
* Lax Kwaxl/Dundas and Melville Islands
* Lax Kwil Dziidz/Fin
* Lockhart-Gordon
* Lucy Islands
* Mahpahkum-Ahkwuna/Deserters-Walker
* Maxtaktsm'aa/Union Passage
* Moksgm’ol/Chapple–Cornwall
* Monckton Nii Luutiksm
* Nakina – Inklin Rivers (Kuthai Area)/Yáwu Yaa
* Nakina – Inklin Rivers/Yáwu Yaa
* Namu
* Nang Xaldangaas Heritage
* Neʼāhʼ
* Outer Central Coast Islands
* Owikeno
* Pa-aat
* Polkinghorne Islands
* Q’altanaas/Aaltanhash
* Qudǝs/Gillard-Jimmy Judd Island Conservancy
* Qwiquallaaq/Boat Bay
* Shearwater Hot Springs
* Tenh Dẕetle
* Tlall Heritage
* Tsa-Latĺ/Smokehouse
* Tutshi Lake/T’ooch’ Áayi
* Ugʷiwa’/Cape Caution
* Upper Elaho Valley
* Upper Gladys River/Watsíx Deiyi
* Upper Kimsquit River
* Upper Rogers kóḻii7
* Upper Soo
* Willison Creek – Nelson Lake/Sít’ Héeni
* Yaaguun Gandlaay
* Yaaguun Suu

Ecological reserves|

* Aleza Lake
* Ambrose Lake
* Anne Vallée (Triangle Island)
* Baeria Rocks
* Ballingall Islets
* Baynes Island
* Bednesti Lake
* Beresford Island
* Big Creek
* Big White Mountain
* Blackwater Creek
* Bowen Island
* Bowser
* Browne Lake
* Buck Hills Road
* Burnt Cabin Bog
* Byers-Conroy-Harvey-Sinnett Islands
* Canoe Islets
* Checleset Bay
* Claud Elliott Creek
* Columbia Lake
* Drizzle Lake
* Duke of Edinburgh (Pine/Storm/Tree Islets)
* Dewdney and Glide Islands
* East Redonda Island
* Gamble Creek
* Gingietl Creek
* Gladys Lake
* Ilgachuz Range
* Klanawa River
* Misty Lake
* Mount Derby
* Mount Elliott
* Mount Tzouhalem
* Nitinat Lake
* Race Rocks
* Robson Bight
* Rose Spit
* San Juan River Estuary
* Sikanni Chief River
* Solander Island
* Tow Hill
* Trial Islands
* Tsitika Mountain
* Vladimir J. Krajina

Protected areas|

* Anarchist
* Brent Mountain
* Brim River Hot Springs
* Chukachida
* Churn Creek
* Craig Headwaters
* Damdochax
* Homathko River - Tatlayoko
* Klua Lakes
* Lac du Bois Grasslands
* Lucy Islands
* Nechako Canyon
* Pitman River
* Snowy
* South Okanagan Grasslands
* Thinahtea
* Thunderbird's Nest (T'iitsk'in Paawats)
* Upper Raush
* Vaseux
* White Lake Grasslands

Recreation areas|

* Coquihalla Summit
* Kettle River
* Mount Edziza (former)

Wildlife Management Areas

* Bert Brink
* Boundary Bay
* Chilanko Marsh
* Cluxewe
* Columbia Wetlands
* Coquitlam River
* Cranberry Marsh/Starratt
* Dewdrop-Rosseau Creek
* East Side Columbia Lake
* Green Mountain
* Hamling Lakes
* Lhá:lt/Harrison-Chehalis
* Lazo Marsh-North East Comox
* McTaggart-Cowan/Nsək'łniw't
* Midge Creek
* Parksville-Qualicum Beach
* Pemberton Wetlands
* Pitt-Addington Marsh
* Quatse Estuary
* Roberts Bank
* S'amunu
* Serpentine
* Skwelwil'em Squamish Estuary
* South Arm Marshes
* South Okanagan
* Stellako River
* Sturgeon Bank
* Swan Lake
* Todagin
* Tofino Mudflats
* Tranquille

Regional Parks

* Burnaby Lake
* Campbell Valley
* Capilano River
* Cascade Falls
* Derby Reach
* Elk/Beaver Lake
* Island View Beach
* Kanaka Creek
* Minnekhada
* Mount Arrowsmith
* Mount Douglas
* Pacific Spirit
* Sooke Potholes
* Surrey Bend
* təmtəmíxʷtən/Belcarra

Other

* Creston Valley Wildlife Management Area
* Hidden Grove/Sechelt Heritage Forest
* Maplewood Flats Conservation Area
* Muskwa-Kechika Management Area
* Sacred Headwaters (proposed)
* Sea to Sea Green Blue Belt
* Swan Lake Nature Sanctuary

* Category
* BC Parks
* Commons

Authority control databases

International|

* VIAF

National|

* Germany
* United States
* Israel

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*[CRHP]: Canadian Register of Historic Places