Gauze

Thin translucent fabric with an open weave

This article is about the fabric. For other uses, see Gauze (disambiguation).

Gauze veil Tutu Gauze swab Gauze balls

Gauze is a thin, translucent fabric with a loose open weave. In technical terms, "gauze" is a weave structure in which the weft yarns are arranged in pairs and are crossed before and after each warp yarn, keeping the weft firmly in place.[1] This weave structure is used to add stability to the fabric, which is important when using fine yarns loosely spaced. However, this weave structure can be used with any weight of yarn, and can be seen in some rustic textiles made from coarse hand-spun plant fiber yarns. Gauze is widely used for medical dressings.

Gauze can also be made of non-woven fabric.[2]

## Etymology and history

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The word came into English via French gaze, beyond which its history is uncertain.[3] The 1279 Council of Baden banned clergy from wearing "black burnet, garzatum, and all other fine cloths",[4] and the term garças is known in Italian texts from c. 1250.[5][6] Du Cange suggested connecting it to the place name Gaza (Arabic: غزة ghazza),[7] but it is more likely to derive from Persian gazi, a thin cloth,[8] or Arabic: قز qaz, raw silk.[9]

## Uses and types

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Gauze was originally made of silk and was used for clothing. It is now used for many different things, including gauze sponges for medical purposes. Modern gauze is also made of synthetic fibers, especially when used in clothing.

### Woven versus non-woven

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Gauze may be woven or non-woven. Woven gauze is loosely woven, usually from cotton fibers, allowing absorption or wicking of exudate and other fluids. Gauze can be woven with fine or coarse mesh; coarse gauze is useful for medical debridement, while fine gauze is better for packing wounds. Woven gauze is less absorbent than non-woven, and may leave lint in a wound, especially if cut.[10]

Non-woven gauze is made from fibers that are pressed together rather than woven, providing better absorbency and wicking than woven gauze. Non-woven gauze is usually made from synthetic fibers such as rayon or polyester, or a blend which may include cotton. Non-woven gauze is stronger, bulkier and softer than woven gauze, and produces less lint.[10]

### Medical use

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When used as a medical dressing, woven gauze is usually made of cotton. It is especially useful for dressing wounds where other fabrics might stick to the burn or laceration. Many modern medical gauzes are covered with a perforated plastic film such as Telfa or a polyblend which prevents direct contact and further minimizes wound adhesion. Also, it can be impregnated with a thick, creamy mixture of zinc oxide and calamine to promote healing, as in Unna's boot. Gauze is also used during procedures involving accidental tooth loss; either the gauze is used to provide pressure as the tooth is moved back into its corresponding socket, or the tooth is wrapped in gauze and placed in milk or saline to keep it alive while the tooth is being transported or prepared for reinsertion.[11]

### Other uses

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In film and theatre, gauze is often fashioned into a scrim.

Gauze used in bookbinding is called mull, and is used in case binding to adhere the text block to the book cover.[12]

The term wire gauze is used for woven metal sheets, for example placed on top of a Bunsen burner, or used in a safety lamp or a screen spark arrestor.

## See also

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* Leno weave
* Mesh
* Adhesive bandage
* Lacebark or gauze tree

## References

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1. ^ Emery, Irene (1966). The Primary Structure of Fabrics. Washington, D.C.: Thames and Hudson, p. 180. ISBN 978-0-500-28802-3.
2. ^ "Wound management - Woven and fabric swabs/Non-woven Fabric Swab (BNF content)". The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Retrieved 5 December 2021.
3. ^ "GAZE : Etymologie de GAZE". www.cnrtl.fr. Retrieved 2024-01-30.
4. ^ Leges Ecclesiasticae Regni Hungariae Et Provinciarum Adiacentium (in Latin). Typis Episcopalibus. 1827.
5. ^ Battisti, Carlo; Alessio, Giovanni (1952). Dizionario etimologico italiano: Fa - Me (in Italian). Florence: Barbèra. p. 1767.
6. ^ Frati, Luigi (1869). Statuti di Bologna: Dall' anno 1245 all' anno 1267 (in Latin). Regia Tipografia.
7. ^ Cange (sieur), Charles Du Fresne Du (1733). Glossarium ad scriptores mediae et infimae latinitatis (in Latin). sub oliva C. Osmont, via Dan-Jacobaea.
8. ^ Gilman, Daniel Coit; Peck, Harry Thurston; Colby, Frank Moore (1903). The New International Encyclopædia. Dodd, Mead and Company.
9. ^ Cannon, Garland Hampton; Kaye, Alan S. (1994). The Arabic Contributions to the English Language: An Historical Dictionary. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-03491-3.
10. ^ a b Serebrennik, Mikhail (20 September 2016). "What is the difference between woven and non-woven gauze?". Lighthouse Medical Supplies.
11. ^ Belladonna, Felipe G.; Poly, Ane; Teixeira, João M. S.; Nascimento, Viviane D. M. A.; Fidel, Sandra R.; Fidel, Rivail A. S. (2012). "Avulsion of permanent teeth with open apex: a systematic review of the literature". RBSO. 9 (3). ISSN 1984-5685.
12. ^ Cambras, Josep (2004). The complete book of bookbinding. Lark Books. p. 48\. ISBN 978-1-57990-646-7.

## External links

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Look up gauze in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

* Cotton gauze as non-adherent dressing (with image) at the Wayback Machine (archived January 14, 2007)

* v
* t
* e

Fabric

Types|

| Woven|

* Abacá cloth (Medriñaque)
* Aertex
* Armazine
* Almerían silk
* Barathea
* Barkcloth
* Batiste
* Bedford cord
* Bengaline
* Beta cloth
* Bombazine
* Brilliantine
* Broadcloth
* Buckram
* Bunting
* Burlap
* Byrd Cloth
* C change
* Calico
* Cambric
* Canvas
* Chambray
* Capilene
* Cedar bark textile
* Challis
* Char cloth
* Charmeuse
* Charvet
* Cheesecloth
* Chiffon
* Chino
* Chintz
* Cloqué
* Cloth of gold
* Cordura
* Corduroy
* Cotton duck
* Coutil
* Crêpe
* Cretonne
* Denim
* Dimity
* Donegal tweed
* Dornix
* Dowlas
* Drill
* Drugget
* Eolienne
* Flannel
* Foulard
* Fustian
* Gabardine
* Gauze
* Gazar
* Georgette
* Ghalamkar
* Gingham
* Grenadine
* Grenfell Cloth
* Grosgrain
* Habutai
* Haircloth
* Harris tweed
* Herringbone
* Himroo
* Hodden
* Irish linen
* Jamdani
* Kerseymere
* Khādī
* Khaki drill
* Kijōka-bashōfu
* Kente cloth
* Lamé
* Lawn
* Linsey-woolsey
* Loden
* Longcloth
* Mackinaw
* Madapollam
* Madras
* Moleskin
* Muslin
* Nainsook
* Nankeen
* Ninon
* Oilskin
* Organdy
* Organza
* Osnaburg
* Ottoman
* Oxford
* Paduasoy
* Percale
* Perpetuana
* Pongee
* Poplin
* Rakematiz
* Rayadillo
* Rep
* Ripstop
* Russell cord
* Saga Nishiki
* Samite
* Sateen
* Satin
* Saye
* Scarlet
* Seerhand muslin
* Seersucker
* Sendal
* Serge
* Scrim
* Shot silk
* Stuff
* Taffeta
* Tais
* Tartan
* Ticking
* Toile
* Tucuyo
* Tweed
* Twill
* Ultrasuede
* Vegetable flannel
* Ventile
* Vinyl coated polyester
* Viyella
* Voile
* Wadmal
* Waffle
* Wigan
* Whipcord
* Zephyr
* Zorbeez

|

Figured
woven|

* Brocade
* Camlet
* Damask
* Lampas
* Songket
* Rinzu

Pile woven|

* Baize
* Chenille
* Corduroy
* Crimplene
* Fustian
* Mockado
* Moquette
* Plush
* Polar fleece
* Terrycloth
* Velours du Kasaï
* Velvet
* Velveteen
* Zibeline

Nonwoven|

* Felt
* Cedar bark

Knitted|

* Boiled wool
* Coolmax
* Machine knitting
* Milliskin
* Jersey
* Velour

Netted|

* Bobbinet
* Carbon fibers
* Lace
* Mesh
* Needlerun net
* Ninon
* Tulle

Technical|

* Ballistic nylon
* Ban-Lon
* Conductive textile
* Darlexx
* E-textiles
* Gannex
* Gore-Tex
* Lenticular fabric
* Silnylon
* Spandex
* Stub-tex
* SympaTex
* Windstopper

Patterns|

* Argyle
* Bizarre silk
* Check
* Chiné
* Glen plaid
* Herringbone
* Houndstooth
* Kelsch
* Paisley
* Pinstripes
* Polka dot
* Shweshwe
* Tartan or plaid
* Tattersall

Textile fibers|

* Abacá (Manila hemp)
* Acrylic
* Alpaca
* Angora
* Bashō
* Cashmere
* Coir
* Cotton
* Eisengarn
* Hemp
* Jute
* Kevlar
* Linen
* Mohair
* Nylon
* Microfiber
* Olefin
* Pashmina
* Polyester
* Piña
* Ramie
* Rayon
* Sea silk
* Silk
* Sisal
* Spandex
* Spider silk
* Wool

Finishing and

printing

* Androsia
* Batik
* Beetling
* Bingata
* Bògòlanfini
* Burnout
* Calendering
* Decatising
* Devoré
* Finishing
* Fulling
* Heatsetting
* Indienne
* Kasuri
* Katazome
* Mercerization
* Moire
* Nap
* Parchmentising
* Rogan printing
* Rōketsuzome
* Roller printing
* Sanforization
* Tenterhook
* Textile printing
* Tsutsugaki
* Warp printing
* Waxed cotton
* Woodblock printing
* Yūzen

Fabric mills|

* Carlo Barbera
* Cerruti
* Dormeuil
* E. Thomas
* Holland & Sherry
* Larusmiani
* Loro Piana
* Piacenza
* Reda
* Scabal
* Vitale Barberis Canonico
* Zegna

Manufacturing

industry|

* Design
* Manufacturing
* Performance
* Preservation
* Recycling
* Terminology

Related|

* Dyeing
* Fiber
* History of textiles
* History of silk
* Knitting
* Pandy
* Shrinkage
* Swatches and strike-offs
* Synthetic fabric
* Weaving
* Yarn

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