German submarine Hai (S 170)

Submarine of the Kriegsmarine

Postwar photo of Hecht (S-171), (former Type XXIII submarine U-2367). An identical sister ship of U-2365

History
Nazi Germany
Name| U-2365
Ordered| 20 September 1944
Builder| Deutsche Werft AG, Hamburg
Yard number| 519
Laid down| 6 December 1944
Launched| 26 January 1945
Commissioned| 2 March 1945
Fate| Scuttled on 8 May 1945, raised in June 1956
West Germany
Name| Hai
Namesake| Shark
Commissioned| 15 August 1957
Identification| Pennant number:S 170
Fate| Sunk on 14 September 1966, raised on 19 September 1966 and broken up
General characteristics
Class and type| Type XXIII submarine
Displacement|

* 234 t (230 long tons) (surfaced)
* 258 t (254 long tons) (submerged)

Length|

* 34.68 m (113 ft 9 in) (o/a)
* 26.00 m (85 ft 4 in) (p/h)

Beam|

* 3.02 m (9 ft 11 in) (o/a)
* 3.00 m (9 ft 10 in) (p/h)

Draught| 3.66 m (12 ft)
Installed power|

* 575–630 PS (423–463 kW; 567–621 shp) (diesel drive)
* 580 PS (430 kW; 570 shp) (standard electric drive)
* 35 PS (26 kW; 35 shp) (silent electric drive)

Propulsion|

* 1 × MWM RS134S 6-cylinder diesel engine
* 1 × AEG GU4463-8 double-acting electric motor
* 1 × BBC CCR188 electric creeping motor

Speed|

* 9.7 knots (18 km/h; 11 mph) (surfaced)
* 12.5 knots (23 km/h; 14 mph) (submerged)

Range|

* 2,600 nautical miles (4,800 km; 3,000 mi) at 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph) surfaced
* 194 nmi (359 km; 223 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged

Test depth| 180 m (590 ft)
Complement| 14–18
Armament|

* 2 × 53.3 cm (21 in) bow torpedo tubes
* 2 × torpedoes

Service record (Kriegsmarine)
Part of:|

* 4th U-boat Flotilla
* 2 March – 8 May 1945

Identification codes:|  M 51 377
Commanders:|

* Oblt.z.S. Fritz-Otto Korfmann[1]
* 2 March – 2 May 1945
* Oblt.z.S. Uwe Christiansen[2]
* 3 – 8 May 1945

Operations:|  None
Victories:|  None

German submarine Hai, the former U-2365 Type XXIII U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II, was one of the first submarines of the Bundesmarine. She was ordered on 20 September 1944, and was laid down on 6 December 1944 at Deutsche Werft AG, Hamburg, as yard number 519. She was launched on 26 January 1945 and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Fritz-Otto Korfmann on 2 March 1945.[3] Scuttled on 8 May 1945, the boat was raised in June 1956 and commissioned into the newly founded Bundesmarine as Hai, where she served until she sank by accident on 14 September 1966.

## Design[edit]

Like all Type XXIII U-boats, U-2365 had a displacement of 234 tonnes (230 long tons) when at the surface and 258 tonnes (254 long tons) while submerged. She had a total length of 34.68 m (113 ft 9 in) (o/a), a beam width of 3.02 m (9 ft 11 in) (o/a), and a draught depth of 3.66 m (12 ft). The submarine was powered by one MWM six-cylinder RS134S diesel engine providing 575–630 metric horsepower (423–463 kilowatts; 567–621 shaft horsepower), one AEG GU4463-8 double-acting electric motor electric motor providing 580 PS (430 kW; 570 shp), and one BBC silent running CCR188 electric motor providing 35 PS (26 kW; 35 shp).[4]

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 9.7 knots (18.0 km/h; 11.2 mph) and a submerged speed of 12.5 knots (23.2 km/h; 14.4 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) for 194 nautical miles (359 km; 223 mi); when surfaced, she could travel 2,600 nautical miles (4,800 km; 3,000 mi) at 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph). U-2365 was fitted with two 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes in the bow. She could carry two preloaded torpedoes. The complement was 14 – 18 men.[4] This class of U-boat did not carry a deck gun.[3]

## Service history[edit]

On 8 May 1945, U-2365 was scuttled northwest of Anholt in the Kattegat as part of Operation Regenbogen. The wreck was originally located at 56°51′N 11°49′E﻿ / ﻿56.850°N 11.817°E﻿ / 56.850; 11.817.

## Post war service[edit]

In June 1956, U-2365 was raised by the German Federal Navy and commissioned Hai on 15 August 1957. On 14 September 1966, she foundered on Dogger Bank in the North Sea during a gale. Nineteen of the twenty crewmen were lost, making this one of the worst peacetime naval disasters in German history. She was raised on 19 September 1966 from 47 m (154 ft) of water and broken up.[3]

The wreck was located at 55°15′N 04°22′E﻿ / ﻿55.250°N 4.367°E﻿ / 55.250; 4.367.

## See also[edit]

* Battle of the Atlantic

## References[edit]

1. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Fritz-Otto Korfmann". Uboat.net. Retrieved 30 April 2016.
2. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Uwe Christiansen". Uboat.net. Retrieved 30 April 2016.
3. ^ a b c Helgason, Guðmundur. "U-2365". Uboat.net. Retrieved 30 April 2016.
4. ^ a b Gröner 1991, p. 89.

## Bibliography[edit]

* Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary. Translated by Brooks, Geoffrey. London, Annapolis, Md: Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-186-6.
* Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). German Warships 1815–1945, U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. Vol. 2\. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-593-4.
* Williamson, Gordon (2005). Wolf Pack: The Story of the U-boat in World War II. Osprey. ISBN 1841768723.

## External links[edit]

* Helgason, Guðmundur. "U-2365". Uboat.net. Retrieved 30 April 2016.

* v
* t
* e

Type XXIII submarines

* U-2321
* U-2322
* U-2323
* U-2324
* U-2325
* U-2326
* U-2327
* U-2328
* U-2329
* U-2330
* U-2331
* U-2332
* U-2333
* U-2334
* U-2335
* U-2336
* U-2337
* U-2338
* U-2339
* U-2340
* U-2341
* U-2342
* U-2343
* U-2344
* U-2345
* U-2346
* U-2347
* U-2348
* U-2349
* U-2350
* U-2351
* U-2352
* U-2353
* U-2354
* U-2355
* U-2356
* U-2357
* U-2358
* U-2359
* U-2360
* U-2361
* U-2362
* U-2363
* U-2364
* U-2365
* U-2366
* U-2367
* U-2368
* U-2369
* U-2371
* U-4701
* U-4702
* U-4703
* U-4704
* U-4705
* U-4706
* U-4707
* U-4709
* U-4710
* U-4711
* U-4712

* Preceded by: Type XXI
* Followed by: None

* List of U-boats of Germany

* v
* t
* e

Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in May 1945

Shipwrecks|

* 1 May: Argo, TA 43, U-3006, U-3009
* 2 May: Admiral Hipper, USS Thornton, U-8, U-14, U-60, U-61, U-62, U-71, U-72, U-120, U-121, U-137, U-139, U-140, U-141, U-142, U-146, U-148, U-151, U-152, U-316, U-552, U-554, U-612, U-717, U-929, U-1007, U-1308, U-2327, U-2359, U-2510, U-2526, U-2527, U-2528, U-2531, U-3002, U-3016, U-3018, U-3019, U-3020, U-3021, U-3504, U-3516, U-3517, U-3521, U-3522
* 3 May:  Arcona, Cap Arcona, Deutschland, Emden, USS Lagarto, USS Little, USS LSM(R)-195, Medusa, Nordland, Schlesien, Thielbek, UA, UB, UD-1, UD-2, UD-3, UD-4, U-48, U-52, U-57, U-58, U-59, U-101, U-328, U-339, U-428, U-446, U-475, U-560, U-704, U-708, U-747, U-748, U-795, U-822, U-828, U-876, U-903, U-922, U-924, U-958, U-1166, U-1170, U-1192, U-1196, U-1201, U-1205, U-1210, U-1227, U-1275, U-2330, U-2332, U-2355, U-2371, U-2501, U-2503, U-2504, U-2508, U-2512, U-2519, U-2520, U-2521, U-2524, U-2533, U-2534, U-2535, U-2536, U-2539, U-2543, U-2545, U-2546, U-2548, U-2552, U-3001, U-3005, U-3010, U-3011, U-3012, U-3013, U-3014, U-3023, U-3024, U-3025, U-3026, U-3027, U-3028, U-3029, U-3031, U-3032, U-3037, U-3038, U-3039, U-3040, U-3507, U-3509, U-3511, U-3513, U-3518, U-3525, U-3530, U-4705, U-4712, Z43
* 4 May:  USS LSM(R)-190, USS LSM(R)-194, USS Luce, USS Morrison, Orion, USS PGM-17, U-30, U-46, U-267, U-393, U-711, U-721, U-792, U-793, U-904, U-1132, U-1161, U-1168, U-1303, U-1304, U-2338, U-2540, U-3033, U-3034, U-4709, U-4711
* 5 May:  T36, U-17, U-38, U-236, U-290, U-349, U-351, U-370, U-397, U-534, U-579, U-733, U-746, U-750, U-794, U-827, U-999, U-1008, U-1016, U-1025, U-1056, U-1162, U-1193, U-1204, U-1207, U-1223, U-1234, U-1306, U-1405, U-2333, U-2339, U-2343, U-2346, U-2347, U-2349, U-2352, U-2357, U-2358, U-2360, U-2362, U-2364, U-2366, U-2367, U-2368, U-2369, U-2507, U-2517, U-2522, U-2525, U-2541, U-2544, U-2551, U-3015, U-3022, U-3044, U-3501, U-3510, U-3524, U-3526, U-3527, U-3528, U-3529, U-4701, U-4702, U-4703, U-4704, U-4707, U-4710
* 6 May: U-853, U-881, U-3523
* 7 May: Avondale Park, Sneland I, U-1407
* 8 May: U-37, U-320, U-382, U-2365, U-2538, U-3030, U-3503
* 16 May: Haguro, Hatsutaka, U-287
* 18 May: USS Longshaw
* 20 May: U-963
* 24 May: HM Motor Gun Boat 2007, U-979
* 25 May: USS Bates, USS LSM-135
* 28 May: USS Drexler
* 29 May: Tenryo Maru
* 31 May: I-361, Uzbekistan

Other incidents|

* 3 May: USS Aaron Ward
* 4 May: HMS Formidable, USS Sangamon
* 9 May: USS England, USS Oberrender
* 11 May: USS Bunker Hill, USS Evans, USS Hugh W. Hadley
* 19 May: Kashima, HMS Terrapin
* 20 May: USS Chase, USS Thatcher
* 25 May: USS Barry, USS Spectacle, William B. Allison
* 26 May: USS PC-1603
* 29 May: USS Shubrick
* 31 May: Hebrides
* Unknown date: Nymphe, U-1197

1944 1945 1946
April 1945 June 1945

* v
* t
* e

Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1966

Shipwrecks|

* 10 Jan: MV Monte Palomares
* 20 Jan: Bright Star, Mi Amigo
* 22 Feb: Rexton Kent
* 4 Mar: Sand Star
* 11 Mar: Evi
* 21 Apr: Costance, USS Lewis, USS Walter B. Cobb
* 24 May: Kaitawa
* 26 May: Eastern Mariner
* May (unknown date): USS Tingey
* 10 Jun: Dixmude
* 25 Jun: USS Stalwart
* 11 Jul: USS Naifeh
* 13 Jul: USS Ulvert M. Moore
* 25 Jul: Koula F
* 31 Jul: MV Darlwyne
* 14 Sep: Hai
* August (unknown date): USS Maurice J. Manuel
* October (unknown date): USNS American Mariner, USS Suisun
* 11 Oct: White Eagle/ex-George Weems
* 15 Oct: Hernan Cortes
* 10 Nov: Shibam
* 11 Nov: Isle of Gigha
* 29 Nov: Daniel J. Morrell
* 30 Nov: Pionere
* 8 Dec: Heraklion
* 12 Dec: Agia Varvara
* 18 Dec: USS Colahan
* 30 Dec: USS Mahnomen County
* Unknown date: USS Corson, Francis Garnier, Flying Gull

Other incidents|

* February (unknown date): Beberibe
* 21 Apr: USS Gantner
* April (unknown date): Michelangelo
* 10 May: RMMV Capetown Castle
* June-July: Loss of MV Alva Cape
* 7 Sep: Hanseatic
* 26 Oct: USS Oriskany
* 25 Nov: Doris
* Unknown date: Loch Seaforth

1965 1967

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