Germanicus Mirault

French surgeon

Germanicus Mirault

Born| 1796

Angers, France

Died| January 19, 1879(1879-01-19) (aged 82)
Nationality| French
Scientific career
Fields| Surgery

Germanicus Mirault was a French surgeon who pioneered cleft lip surgery.

## Early life[edit]

Germanicus Mirault was born in Angers on either 29 February or 1 March 1796 (1796 was a leap year).[1][2][3] His father and grandfather were also surgeons, with his father specialising in ophthalmology.[2]

## Education[edit]

Mirault first began studying medicine under his father in 1814.[2] Moving to Paris to continue his studies, he presented his thesis in 1823 on keratitis.[2][4]

## Medical career[edit]

Together with Joseph-François Malgaigne, Mirault introduced flap transposition for cleft-lip closure.[5][6] In 1935, this work was championed by Victor Veau, who stated "Mirault is the genius of cleft lip surgery".[7] He made other key contributions to maxillofacial surgical procedures, including the first ligature of a human lingual artery in 1833 and pioneering a method of temporary occlusion of the eyelids when correcting a post-burn ectropion, which is still in use today.[1][8]

## Awards[edit]

Mirault was awarded by the Académie des Sciences in 1869 for his work on eyelid surgery.[1]

## Death[edit]

Mirault died on 19 January 1879 in Angers.[3]

## References[edit]

1. ^ a b c Dupoirieux, L; Penneau, M (1996). "The contribution of Germanicus Mirault to maxillofacial surgery in general and to surgery of the cleft lip in particular". Revue de Stomatologie et de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale. 97 (4): 195–201. PMID 8927924.
2. ^ a b c d Mirault, Germanicus (1976). "Commentary By Dr. Robert H. Ivy". Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery. 57 (4): 506–7. doi:10.1097/00006534-197604000-00017.
3. ^ a b "Mirault Germanicus", Académie Nationale de Médecine Members, Académie Nationale de Médecine, archived from the original on March 23, 2012, retrieved October 7, 2013
4. ^ Mirault, Germanicus & Faculté de médecine de Paris (1823). Dissertation sur l'anatomie et l'inflammation de la cornée transparente. Paris, France: Imprimerie de Didot le Jeune.
5. ^ Millard Jr, Ralph (1976). Cleft Craft: the Evolution of its Surgery; vol 1. Boston, MA, USA: Little, Brown & Co.
6. ^ Mirault G. Deux lettres sur l'operation du bec-delievre. J Chir. 1844;2:257.
7. ^ Veau V. Bec de Lievre. Hypothese sur la malformation initiale. Ann Anat Pathol Paris. 1935;12:389.
8. ^ Mirault, Germanicus (1871). De l'occlusion chirurgicale temporaire des paupières dans le traitement de l'ectropion cicatriciel [Texte imprimé]. Paris, France: Imprimerie de P. Lachèse, Belleuvre et Dolbeau.

Authority control databases

International|

* ISNI
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National|

* France
* BnF data
* Vatican

Other|

* IdRef

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