Gerrit Moll

Gerrit Moll (left) shakes hands with John Dalton

Gerard "Gerrit" Moll LLD (1785–1838) was a Dutch scientist and mathematician. A polymath in his interests, he published in four languages.[1]

## Life

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From a family background in Amsterdam of commerce, Moll was drawn towards science.[2] His teacher at the Athenaeum Illustre of Amsterdam was Jean Henri van Swinden. He took up astronomy with Jan Frederik Keijser in 1801.[3] In 1809 he was awarded a Candidaat degree by Leiden University;[4][5] and in 1810 he went to Paris, where he studied under Delambre.[4][6] Moll is noted for his later animus against "Napoleonic science", the tradition of the revolutionary period in France.[7]

In 1812 Moll was appointed director at Utrecht Observatory, a position he then held for 26 years; and in 1815 professor of mathematics and natural philosophy at Utrecht, receiving an honorary Ph.D. (under Johannes Theodorus Rossijn).[4][5] He became member of the Royal Institute of the Netherlands in 1815.[8]

During the "declinist" controversy in British science around 1830, Moll spoke in praise of the British tradition, against the trend of increasing professionalisation.[9] A friend of Humphry Davy and Michael Faraday, he wrote a pamphlet On The Alleged Decline of Science in England (1831), which Faraday edited, in reply to Charles Babbage's On The Alleged Decline of Science in England (1830).[10] In relation to claims that French scientists had tried to diminish the impact of Davy's work, Moll relayed unfounded allegations to Faraday.[11]

Moll died of typhoid on 17 January 1838.[2]

## Works

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Moll developed the electromagnet of William Sturgeon, publishing with priority over Joseph Henry.[12]

## Notes

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1. ^ Lewis Pyenson (1989). Empire of Reason: Exact Sciences in Indonesia, 1840-1940. BRILL. p. 21\. ISBN 978-90-04-08984-6.
2. ^ a b Klaas Van Berkel; Albert Van Helden; L. C. Palm (1999). The History of Science in the Netherlands: Survey, Themes and Reference. BRILL. p. 531\. ISBN 978-90-04-10006-0.
3. ^ Huibert J. Zuidervaart; Rob H. van Gent (2013). Between Rhetoric and Reality: Instrumental Practices at the Astronomical Observatory of the Amsterdam Society 'Felix Meritis', 1786-1889. Uitgeverij Verloren. p. 84\. ISBN 978-90-8704-363-6.
4. ^ a b c Pieter C. van der Kruit (18 November 2014). Jacobus Cornelius Kapteyn: Born Investigator of the Heavens. Springer. p. 29\. ISBN 978-3-319-10876-6.
5. ^ a b Frommert, Hartmut (2007). "Moll, Gerard". The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. New York: Springer. p. 794\. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-30400-7_967. ISBN 978-0-387-31022-0.
6. ^ Huibert J. Zuidervaart; Rob H. van Gent (2013). Between Rhetoric and Reality: Instrumental Practices at the Astronomical Observatory of the Amsterdam Society 'Felix Meritis', 1786-1889. Uitgeverij Verloren. p. 150\. ISBN 978-90-8704-363-6.
7. ^ Fox, Robert (1973). "Scientific Enterprise and the Patronage of Research in France 1800-70". Minerva. 11 (4): 442–473\. ISSN 0026-4695.
8. ^ "Gerard (Gerrit) Moll (1785 - 1838)". Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 17 July 2015.
9. ^ Richard Yeo (18 September 2003). Defining Science: William Whewell, Natural Knowledge and Public Debate in Early Victorian Britain. Cambridge University Press. p. 79\. ISBN 978-0-521-54116-9.
10. ^ Agassi, Joseph; Faraday, Young (1961). "An Unpublished Paper of the Young Faraday". Isis. 52 (1): 87–90\. ISSN 0021-1753.
11. ^ David Knight; David M. Knight (1975). Sources for the History of Science, 1660-1914. CUP Archive. p. 85\. GGKEY:07DR2AJ2N9B.
12. ^ Maury Klein (1 September 2010). The Power Makers: Steam, Electricity, and the Men Who Invented Modern America. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 72\. ISBN 978-1-59691-834-4.

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