Glen of Imaal

Valley in the Wicklow Mountains, Ireland

Lugnaquilla forms the eastern boundary of the Glen of Imaal

The Glen of Imaal (/ˈɪmɑːl/ or /ˈiːmɑːl/; Irish: Gleann Uí Mháil) is a remote glen in the western Wicklow Mountains in Ireland. It is ringed by the Lugnaquilla massif and its foothills, including Table Mountain and Keadeen. Much of the valley is used by the Irish Army as an artillery firing range, and hill walkers who use the glen are advised to observe the times of firing practice and to refrain from picking up strange objects.

The Glen of Imaal is the subject of an eponymously titled Irish folk song,[1] and also the place of origin of the eponymous dog breed, the Glen of Imaal Terrier.[2]

## History

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### Early history

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Michael Dwyer, a leader of the Rebellion of 1798

The Glen of Imaal is named after the Uí Máil, who dominated the kingship of Leinster in the 7th century.[3] They were ousted by the Uí Dúnlainge from the lowlands of what later became County Kildare, and from that time until the early 13th century were located along the western foothills of the Wicklow mountains. The valley appears to have been a centre of their power. By the 14th century, O'Tuathail (O'Toole) (of the Uí Dunlainge) had taken the lordship of the Uí Máil, having in their turn been expelled from south Kildare by Norman incomers.[citation needed]

Derrynamuck in the Glen of Imaal is a cottage dedicated to the memory of Michael Dwyer, a celebrated leader of the Irish Rebellion of 1798. It is now known as the Dwyer–McAllister cottage, for it was there that a group of Irish rebels led by Dwyer were hiding when they were surrounded by British forces. Samuel McAllister died when he drew enemy fire to allow Dwyer to escape.[4]

Warning sign close to the military range

### Military use

[edit]

Since 1900, much of the Glen of Imaal (5,948 acres) has been used as an army artillery range. Because of this, caution is advised when attempting to use areas within the army range,[5] and notices are posted as to when the army are on field exercises.[6][7]

### 1941 disaster

[edit]

On 16 September 1941, the glen was the site of the worst single incident involving loss of life in the history of the Irish Defence Forces.[8][9][10] This incident, known as the Glen of Imaal Disaster,[11] occurred during a training exercise involving 27 officers and men from the army's anti-aircraft battalion, artillery school, and corps of engineers.[12] Sixteen soldiers were killed when an antitank mine unexpectedly exploded (15 dying immediately, and one later succumbing to his wounds).[13] Other injured soldiers were rushed to the Curragh military hospital where several received surgery.[12] Three men were fully blinded in the accident, and two more, partially. One survivor later murdered two men in Dublin in 1947 but was found "guilty but insane".[12] A memorial to the disaster was raised near Seskin Bridge in 1986.[9][14]

### 1977 incident

[edit]

In May 1977, five soldiers were killed and three were injured when a mortar detonated unexpectedly during a training exercise.[15][16]

### 1979 incident

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On 15 April 1979, a fatal accident occurred in the glen when a group of teenagers from Lucan who were engaging in an orienteering activity triggered an explosive which subsequently detonated, killing three and seriously injuring others.[17] The resultant inquiry found that the explosive was an unexploded shell which had been left in the region by the military during one of their exercises. Bobby Molloy, the Minister for Defence, issued a statement in Dáil Éireann expressing his "personal regret" about the incident, and encouraged members of the public to avoid replicating the "tragic occurrences" by avoiding the area entirely to not encounter the shells.[18] The deceased were buried in Esker Cemetery and are commemorated annually at mass services in Lucan.[19]

## Firing range

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Detonation of explosives in the Glen of Imaal by the Irish Army Corps of Engineers

The Glen of Imaal firing range is used throughout the year by the Irish Army as a training area. It is the only range in the country capable of accommodating field artillery such as the 105mm Light Gun. The range area is also used for firing anti-tank weapons, mortars and heavy machine guns, as well as the vehicle-mounted weapons of the Cavalry Corps. Military training in the area is not limited to the firing of heavy weapons.[20] Tactical exercises also take place there, sometimes involving Mowag armoured personnel carriers and Irish Air Corps helicopters.[21] Exercises in peacekeeping operations are also undertaken in the glen.[22]

Care is advised while driving on local roads due to the presence of heavy military traffic,[citation needed] and questions have been raised concerning the effects of military exercises on residents and the safety of other road users in the area.[7][23]

Units using the area are sometimes billeted in the nearby Coolmoney Camp. The Glen of Imaal is accessible to the Curragh Camp in County Kildare by the Dunlavin–Old Killcullen Road.[citation needed]

## Mountain climbing

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The highest mountain in Wicklow and one of the highest mountains in Ireland, Lugnaquilla (925 metres), is on the southeastern end of the glen.[24] The Glen of Imaal Red Cross Mountain Rescue Team was formed in 1983, and serves the area in partnership with Dublin-Wicklow Mountain Rescue Team.[25][26]

## See also

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* List of Irish military installations

## References

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1. ^ "Music Reviews - Trinití". rte.ie. RTÉ. 26 June 2006. Archived from the original on 24 March 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2019.
2. ^ "Native Breeds of Ireland - Glen of Imaal Terrier". ikc.ie. Irish Kennel Club. Archived from the original on 24 March 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2019.
3. ^ Daibhi O Croinin (2013). Early Medieval Ireland, 400-1200. p. 53\. ISBN 9781317901761.
4. ^ Liam, Cathal (2003). Forever Green: Ireland Now & Again. St. Padraic Press. ISBN 978-0-970415547.
5. ^ "Glen of Imaal - Military Range Lands". defence.ie. Department of Defence. Archived from the original on 23 March 2019. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
6. ^ "Notification of Shooting Glen of Imaal - February 2018". mountaineering.ie. Mountaineering Ireland. 16 January 2018. Archived from the original on 6 August 2018.
7. ^ a b "Written answers - Wednesday, 23 May 2018 - Department of Defence - Defence Forces Training". Oireachtas Debate Record. kildarestreet.com. 23 May 2018. Archived from the original on 26 September 2021. Retrieved 24 March 2019.
8. ^ "On This Day - September 16". historyireland.com. History Ireland. 16 September 2012. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 5 March 2019. "worst disaster in the history of the Irish defence forces"
9. ^ a b "RTÉ Archives - Remembering Glen of Imaal Victims - 1986". rte.ie. RTÉ. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 5 March 2019. "[voiceover] it was the worst single incident involving loss of life for the army since the foundation of the state"
10. ^ "75th Anniversary Glen Explosion 16 Sep 16". artilleryclub.ie. The Artillery Club. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 5 March 2019. "The 1941 accident remains the single tragedy with the greatest casualties in the history of Óglaigh na Éireann"
11. ^ "Dáil Éireann debate - Thursday, 4 Feb 1943 - Oral Answers - The Glen of Imaal Disaster". oireachtas.ie. Government of Ireland. 4 February 1914. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
12. ^ a b c "The Glen of Imaal disaster, 1941". historyireland.com. Vol. 27, no. 2\. History Ireland. March 2019. p. 44\. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 5 March 2019. "The [60 man] group then divided, 27 men surrounding McLoughlin and the remainder gathered 50 yards away"
13. ^ "Medals 16/09/1941". irishmedals.ie. Irish Medals. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 5 March 2019. "On the 16th of September 1941 16 Irish Soldiers were killed when a mine they were training with exploded in the Glen of Imaal in County Wicklow. Fifteen Soldiers died instantly and another died later from wounds received"
14. ^ "Glen Imaal Memorial - Inventory No. 355" (PDF). irishwarmemorials.ie. Irish War Memorials. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
15. ^ "Five Irish Soldiers Killed in Training Exercise in Glen of Imaal 1977". theirishatwar.com. 26 May 2020. Retrieved 30 May 2022.
16. ^ "Five injured in mortar mishap". independent.ie. Independent News & Media. 10 December 1997. Retrieved 20 May 2022.
17. ^ "1979 The Year That Was". irishtimes.com. Irish Times. 30 December 2009. Archived from the original on 10 April 2019. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
18. ^ "Dáil Éireann debate - Thursday, 3 May 1979 - Oral Answers - Glen of Imaal Tragedy". oireachtas.ie. Government of Ireland. 3 May 1979. Archived from the original on 26 September 2021. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
19. ^ "Anniversaries and remembrances" (PDF). lucannewsletter.ie. Lucan Newsletter. 12 April 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 September 2015.
20. ^ "Defence Forces International Marksmanship Skills challenge takes place in Glen of Imaal". irishtimes.com. Irish Times. 1 July 2017. Archived from the original on 11 February 2018. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
21. ^ "Army training at the Glen of Imaa". irishexaminer.com. Irish Examiner. 7 March 2017. Archived from the original on 23 March 2019. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
22. ^ "Irish soldiers face deployment inside war-torn Syria". irishexaminer.com. Irish Examiner. 22 April 2018. Archived from the original on 23 March 2019. Retrieved 23 March 2019. "Defence Forces on a mission readiness exercise in the Glen of Imaal prior to their deployment to the Golan Heights"
23. ^ "Locals unhappy with Defence Forces' treatment of area Army under fire from Glen of Imaal residents". independent.ie. Independent News & Media. 27 September 2002. Archived from the original on 23 March 2019. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
24. ^ "Lugnaquilla Mountain Trail". 2023. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
25. ^ "About Glen of Imaal Mountain Rescue Team". wmr.ie. Glen Of Imaal, Wicklow Mountain Rescue. Retrieved 24 March 2019.
26. ^ "Mountain Rescue Team Responded to 80 Call Outs in Wicklow". redcross.ie. Red Cross Ireland. 2018. Archived from the original on 24 March 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2019.

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Geography of County Wicklow

Protected Areas|

| Special Areas of Conservation|

* Ballyman Glen
* Bray Head
* Buckroney-Brittas Dunes and Fen
* Carriggower Bog
* Vale of Clara
* Deputy's Pass
* Glen of the Downs
* Holdenstown Bog
* Knocksink Wood
* Magherabeg Dunes
* The Murrough Wetlands
* Slaney River Valley
* Wicklow Mountains
* Wicklow Reef

|

Special Protection Areas|

* Poulaphouca Reservoir
* The Murrough Wetlands
* Wicklow Head
* Wicklow Mountains

Nature Reserves|

* Deputy's Pass
* Glen of the Downs
* Glendalough
* Glenealo Valley
* Knocksink Wood
* Vale of Clara

National Parks|

* Wicklow Mountains National Park

Landforms|

| Beaches|

* Arklow Beach (North and South)
* Bray Beach
* Brittas Bay
* Clogga Beach
* The Cove
* Ennereilly Beach
* Glen Beach
* Greystones Beach (North and South)
* Kilcoole Beach
* Leamore Strand
* Magheramore Beach
* Newcastle Beach
* Porter's Rock Beach
* Sallymount Bay Beach
* Silver Strand Beach
* Travelahawk Beach

|

Mountains and hills|

* Arklow Hill
* Barnacullian
* Benleagh
* Bray Head
* Camaderry
* Camenabologue
* Carrick Mountain
* Carrigvore
* Church Mountain
* Cloghernagh
* Conavalla
* Corrigasleggaun
* Croaghanmoira
* Croghan Mountain
* Djouce
* Duff Hill
* Gravale
* Great Sugar Loaf
* Keadeen Mountain
* Kippure
* Little Sugar Loaf
* Lobawn
* Lugduff
* Luggala
* Lugnaquilla
* Maulin
* Moanbane
* Mullacor
* Mullaghcleevaun
* Prince William's Seat
* Scarr
* Seefingan
* Silsean
* Slievemaan
* Sugarloaf
* Table Mountain
* Tonduff
* Tonelagee
* Turlough Hill
* War Hill

Valleys and passes|

* Deputy's Pass
* Glen of Imaal
* Glen of the Downs
* Glencree
* Glendalough
* Glendasan
* Glenealo
* Glenmacnass
* Glenmalure
* The Sally Gap
* Vale of Clara
* The Wicklow Gap

Forests & gardens|

* Avondale Forest
* Killruddery
* Knocksink Wood
* Mount Usher Gardens
* National Botanic Gardens, Kilmacurragh
* Powerscourt Estate
* Russborough Estate
* Tomnafinnoge Woods
* Victor's Way

Lakes|

* Arts Lough
* Broad Lough
* Glendalough Upper Lake
* Glendalough Lower Lake
* Lough Dan
* Lough Tay
* Lough Ouler
* Lough Bray (Upper and Lower)
* Lough Nahanagan
* Poulaphouca Reservoir
* Lough Firrib
* Cleevaun Lough
* Three Lakes
* Kelly's Lough
* Vartry Reservoir

Rivers|

* River Aughrim
* River Avoca
* River Avonbeg
* Avonmore River
* River Dargle
* River Derreen
* River Derry
* River Dodder
* Glencullen River
* River Greese
* River Liffey
* River Slaney
* River Vartry

Waterfalls|

* Ballinafunshogue Waterfall
* Carrawaystick Waterfall
* Coolalingo Waterfall
* Devils Glen Waterfall
* Fraughan Glen Waterfall
* Glenmacnass Waterfall
* Jackson Falls
* Poulanass Waterfall
* Powerscourt Waterfall

Hiking Trails|

* Saint Kevin's Way
* Wicklow Way
* Djouce Mountain Walk
* The Spinc Trail
* Wicklow Round

Wicklow County Council (web)

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Irish Army

Army Brigades|

* 1st Brigade
* 2nd Brigade
* Defence Forces Training Centre
* Army Reserve

Army Corps|

* Infantry Corps
* Cavalry Corps
* Artillery Corps
* Communications & Information Services Corps
* Corps of Engineers
* Ordnance Corps
* Medical Corps
* Transport Corps
* Equitation School
* Military Police Corps

Specialist Units|

* Army Ranger Wing
* Directorate of Military Intelligence

Bases & Facilities|

* Aiken Barracks
* Cathal Brugha Barracks
* Collins Barracks, Cork
* Custume Barracks
* Curragh Camp
* Finner Camp
* Glen of Imaal range
* Gormanston Camp
* McKee Barracks
* Renmore Barracks
* Sarsfield Barracks
* St Bricin's Military Hospital
* Stephens Barracks

Equipment|

* Equipment and vehicles
* Historical vehicles

Uniform and Insignia|

* Awards and decorations
* Military Medal for Gallantry
* Distinguished Service Medal
* Badges
* Rank Insignia
* Uniforms

Current Deployments|

| Africa|

* Democratic Republic of Congo
* Ivory Coast
* Mali
* Western Sahara

|

Europe|

* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Kosovo

Middle East|

* UNTSO
* Golan Heights
* Lebanon

History|

| Predecessors|

* Óglaigh na hÉireann
* Irish Volunteers
* Irish Republican Army
* National Army

|

Battles & Conflicts|

* Easter Rising
* Irish War of Independence
* Irish Civil War
* The Emergency
* Congo Crisis
* Niemba Ambush
* Siege of Jadotville
* At Tiri Incident
* The Troubles
* List of Irish military casualties overseas

53°0′32″N 6°27′55″W﻿ / ﻿53.00889°N 6.46528°W﻿ / 53.00889; -6.46528
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