Great Smoky Mountains Railroad

Tourist railroad in North Carolina, U.S.

This article is about a tourist railroad in North Carolina. For the defunct east Tennessee short line railroad, see Smoky Mountain Railroad.

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Great Smoky Mountains Railroad

Overview
Headquarters| Bryson City, North Carolina
Reporting mark| GSMR
Locale| Western North Carolina
Dates of operation| 1988-present
Predecessor| Southern Railway
Technical
Track gauge| 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Length| 53 miles (85 kilometers)
Other
Website| www.gsmr.com

The Great Smoky Mountains Railroad (reporting mark GSMR) is a heritage and freight railroad based in Bryson City, North Carolina, United States. Originally formed in 1988, it is currently owned and operated by American Heritage Railways since late 1999. The GSMR operates excursion trains on the former Southern Railway's Murphy Branch between Dillsboro and Nantahala, North Carolina. The GSMR is one of the most popular tourist railroads in the United States, carrying 200,000 passengers each year.

## Background

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GSMR's Bryson City Depot in 2008

The Great Smoky Mountains Railway (GSMR) owns 53 miles (85 kilometers) of the Murphy Branch, a former branch line of the Southern Railway between Dillsboro and Nantahala, North Carolina.[1] It began operations in 1988, through a lease agreement between the NCDOT and Malcom & Joan MacNeill. With help of a team of investors, the MacNeils secured the lease only 48 hours before the Norfolk Southern would be dispatching work trains to the Murphy Branch to begin dismantling the track.[2] The full tourist route originally operated further west to Andrews and Murphy, North Carolina. Service between Andrews and Murphy ended in 1995. Regular service between Nantahala and Andrews ended by 2001.[3][4]

GSMR's bright "circus train" livery is seen behind steam locomotive No. 1702

In late 1999, the MacNeills sold the GSMR property to the American Heritage Railways, the owners of the Durango and Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad (D&SNG) in Colorado.[2] Additionally, the bright and colorful blue, yellow and red "circus train" livery was dropped in favor of the new Tuscan red and gold stripe livery.[2] On March 9, 2000, the Great Smoky Mountain Railway was renamed to the Great Smoky Mountains Railroad.[2]

Tourist trains of the GSMR route use a route passing through "fertile valleys, a tunnel and across river gorges" in the Great Smoky Mountains of Western North Carolina. Tourist excursions use the line between Dillsboro and Bryson City (16 miles or 26 km in length) and the line between Bryson City and Nantahala (22 miles or 35 km in length). The GSMR eventually would become one of the most popular tourist railroads in the United States with about 200,000 passengers each year.[5] The railroad also has transported freight via an interchange with the Blue Ridge Southern Railroad in Sylva near Jackson Paper Manufacturing.[6]

In 2004, GSMR debuted its "Polar Express" train ride, based on the newly released movie and licensed through Warner Brothers. This ride has been an annual major economy boost for the railroad and the town of Bryson City. In 2019, GSMR broke all attendance records, with more than 91,000 people riding the Polar Express excursion alone.

In 2007, due an unresolved dispute with the Dillsboro Town Council, the GSMR decided to relocate its headquarters from Dillsboro to Bryson City and close the Dillsboro depot.[7] However, the Tuckasegee River excursions between Dillsboro and Bryson City continued, with the trips originating in Bryson City and laying over in Dillsboro.[7]

In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak caused the GSMR to suspend operations.[8] However, they resumed on June 4, 2020, with provisions for public health such as social distancing.[8]

## Equipment

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### Locomotives

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GSMR had a current operational diesel locomotive roster of seven 4-axle (B-B) units, as any 6-axle (C-C) unit would be too big for the tunnels, and too long for some the line's tight or sharp curves. All of the current units were built by The Electro-Motive Division of General Motors (EMD). GSMR has two GP9s, Nos. 1751 and 1755, a GP30 No. 2467, two GP38-2s Nos. 2668 and 2335, an F9A No. 4210, and a GP35 No. 1009 which is now for sale despite still being operational and on the roster as of 2024.[9][10]

GSMR owns one operational steam locomotive; S160 2-8-0 "Consolidation" type No. 1702, which was built by Baldwin Locomotive Works in September 1942 for the U.S. Army during World War II. In 1991, it was purchased by the GSMR, and it operated for them until 2005, when it was taken out of service, due to firebox issues.[7] In 2012, the GSMR made an agreement with Swain County of North Carolina donating $700,000 to construct a new steam locomotive workshop for the restoration of No. 1702 and installing a new turntable in Bryson City for the locomotive to be turned around.[11] Afterwards, the restoration work of No. 1702 began in mid 2014 and completed in late July 2016 with the locomotive reentering excursion service.[12]

GSMR also owns another 2-8-0 built by Baldwin, Southern Railway Ks-1 No. 722, which worked on the former Murphy Branch from 1904 to 1952 and later operated from 1970 to 1980 in the Southern Railway's steam excursion program. The GSMR purchased it in late 2000 and planned to restore it to operating condition by 2026. The locomotive will be converted to burn oil like No. 1702.[13][14]

During 2010, GSMR purchased a third steam locomotive, a former Swedish State Railways 4-6-0 No. 1149,[15] from the defunct Belfast and Moosehead Lake Railroad. This locomotive was originally slated to be moved to the GSMR in spring 2011. However, the engine remained on the B&ML for two more years. Ultimately, the railroad deemed the locomotive's planned move too costly and instead sold it to the Discovery Park of America[15] in Union City, Tennessee. In 1990, the GSMR considered importing a newly-built China Railways SY steam locomotive for use in their operations, but for unknown reasons, they never placed an order.[16]

In 2020 and 2022, the GSMR retired GP9 No. 777 and GP7 No. 711, respectively. The two units were purchased by YouTuber Jimmy Donaldson (best known as MrBeast), who used No. 777 in a train vs. tank stunt for a YouTube video. He used 711 for a different stunt in a later video. Both videos were uploaded to YouTube in 2022. No. 777 was scrapped soon after the video it was featured in, and No. 711 was left abandoned in a field in Whittier, NC.

#### Current locomotive roster

[edit]

Locomotive details[17][18] Number | Image | Type | Wheel Arrangement | Classification | Builder | Built | Serial Number | Former Owner | Status

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

722 |  | Steam | 2-8-0 | Ks-1 | Baldwin Locomotive Works | 1904 | 24729 | Southern Railway | Undergoing restoration
1702 |  | Steam | 2-8-0 | S160 | Baldwin Locomotive Works | 1942 | 64641 | U.S. Army,
Warren & Saline River Railroad,
Reader Railroad,
Fremont and Elkhorn Valley Railroad | Operational
1009 |  | Diesel | (B-B) | GP38-3M | Electro-Motive Diesel (EMD) | 1964 | 29006 | Pennsylvania Railroad | Operational
1751 |  | Diesel | (B-B) | GP9 | Electro-Motive Diesel (EMD) | 1955 | 19968 | Southern Pacific,
Arizona Eastern Railway,
San Joaquin Valley Railroad | Operational
1755 |  | Diesel | (B-B) | GP9 | Electro-Motive Diesel (EMD) | 1956 | 21359 | Southern Pacific,
Arizona Eastern Railway,
San Joaquin Valley Railroad | Operational
2335 |  | Diesel | (B-B) | GP38-2 | Electro-Motive Diesel (EMD) | 1972 | 7342 | St. Louis-San Francisco Railway,
BNSF Railway | Operational
2467 | – | Diesel | (B-B) | GP30-3 | Electro-Motive Diesel (EMD) | 1963 | 28092 | Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway,
BNSF Railway | Operational
2668 |  | Diesel | (B-B) | GP38-3 | Electro-Motive Diesel (EMD) | 1971 | 37275 | Louisville and Nashville,
GATX | Operational
4210 | – | Diesel | (B-B) | F9a | Electro-Motive Diesel (EMD) | 1956 | 37275 | Erie Mining Company | Operational

#### Retired locomotives

[edit]

No. 777 was retired in early 2020 and No. 711 in early 2022.

Number | Image | Type | Wheel Arrangement | Classification | Builder | Built | Serial Number | Former Owner | Status

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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223 |  | Diesel | (B-B) | GP35 | Electro-Motive Diesel (EMD) | 1964 | 29223 | - | Now CBR 1916 in Oregon
711 |  | Diesel | (B-B) | GP7 | Electro-Motive Diesel (EMD) | 1954 | 19104 | Chicago and North Western,
Union Pacific | Abandoned at a field in Whittier, North Carolina following staged train wreck (35°24'46"N 83°19'45"W)
777 |  | Diesel | (B-B) | GP9 | Electro-Motive Diesel (EMD) | 1954 | 19874 | Chicago and North Western,
Union Pacific | Destroyed in staged train wreck; subsequently scrapped

## Towns and attractions served

[edit]

* Dillsboro
* Whittier
* Bryson City
* Fontana Lake
* The Nantahala Outdoor Center

## Smoky Mountain Trains Museum

[edit]

The railroad owns the Smoky Mountain Trains Museum in Bryson City, North Carolina; located across Greenlee Street from the Bryson City Depot.[19][20] The museum features a collection of over 7,000 Lionel model engines, cars and accessories, a large model train layout, a children's activity center, and a gift shop.[19][20]

## Popular culture

[edit]

GSMR's No. 1702 steam locomotive was featured in the 1966 film, This Property Is Condemned, starring Natalie Wood, Robert Redford, and Charles Bronson.[17]

The famous train wreck scene in the 1993 Warner Brothers blockbuster movie The Fugitive starring Harrison Ford and Tommy Lee Jones was filmed in Dillsboro along the Great Smoky Mountains Railroad.[21]

The Great Smoky Mountains Railroad was used in the filming of 1996 Warner Brothers comedy My Fellow Americans starring Jack Lemmon and James Garner; they stumble onto a charter train full of UNC-Chapel Hill fans headed for the NCAA Final Four.[22]

Train scenes in the 1999 DreamWorks SKG film Forces of Nature starring Ben Affleck and Sandra Bullock also were filmed on the Great Smoky Mountains Railroad.[22]

## Incidents

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* On August 22, 2017, No. 2467 collided into a Georgia Military College coach bus at the Nantahala Outdoor Center, injuring the bus driver and eight passengers.[23]

## See also

[edit]

* List of heritage railroads in the United States

Portals:

* Trains
* Railways
* North Carolina

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "History". Great Smoky Mountains Railroad. American Heritage Railways. Archived from the original on February 11, 2022. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
2. ^ a b c d Majors-Duff, Lisa (March 9, 2000). "Attraction's new owner has big plans for Great Smoky Mountain Railroad". The Sylva Herald and Ruralite. Archived from the original on June 27, 2022. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
3. ^ "Special Excursions". Great Smoky Mountains Railroad. GSMR. 2001. Archived from the original on January 26, 2001. Retrieved November 13, 2023.
4. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions". Great Smoky Mountains Railroad. GSMR. 2002. Archived from the original on December 16, 2002.
5. ^ "10 Fun Facts About the Great Smoky Mountains Railroad". Watershed Cabins. December 28, 2020. Archived from the original on April 15, 2021. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
6. ^ "Freight Services". Great Smoky Mountains Railroad. American Heritage Railways. Archived from the original on November 30, 2021. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
7. ^ a b c Plott & Plott (2021), p. 187.
8. ^ a b "A timeline: COVID-19 pandemic hits one-year mark in N.C." Smoky Mountain Times. March 10, 2021. Archived from the original on October 23, 2022. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
9. ^ Plott & Plott (2021), p. 185.
10. ^ "Great Smoky Mountains Railroad adds another engine to fleet". Smoky Mountain Times. January 6, 2021. Archived from the original on November 14, 2021. Retrieved June 19, 2022.
11. ^ "GSMR Steam Engine #1702 Restoration Update". Great Smoky Mountains Railroad. American Heritage Railways. Archived from the original on November 2, 2016. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
12. ^ Kays, Holly (August 3, 2016). "Renewed steam engine service excites Bryson, Dillsboro business owners". Smoky Mountain News. Archived from the original on June 13, 2021. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
13. ^ "Great Smoky Mountain Railroad to restore Southern No. 722 to operation". Trains. Kalmbach Media. May 21, 2023. Archived from the original on May 21, 2023. Retrieved May 22, 2023.
14. ^ "Southern Railway No. 722 restoration work begins at GSMR". Trains. Kalmbach. August 2023. p. 40.
15. ^ a b Karlsson, Lars Olov (2013). Ånglok vid Sveriges normalspåriga enskilda järnvägar. Del 2. MBJ-ÖVJ (in Swedish). Malmö: Frank Stenvalls Förlag. p. 154\. ISBN 9-789172-661875.
16. ^ "Railnews - Tang Shan 2-8-2s". Railfan & Railroad. Vol. 9, no. 9\. Carstens Publications. September 1990. p. 38.
17. ^ a b George & Strack (2012), pp. 147–149.
18. ^ George & Strack (2012), p. 176.
19. ^ a b "Great Smoky Mountains Hosts HRA Spring Meeting". HeritageRail News. HeritageRail Alliance. May 15, 2017. Archived from the original on June 19, 2022. Retrieved June 19, 2022.
20. ^ a b "Smoky Mountain Trains Museum". Great Smoky Mountains Railroad. American Heritage Railways. Archived from the original on April 7, 2022. Retrieved June 26, 2022.
21. ^ George & Strack (2012), p. 47.
22. ^ a b "Spring Train Excursion Through Smoky Mountains". Daily News-Record. March 28, 2023. Archived from the original on February 24, 2025. Retrieved February 24, 2025.
23. ^ Hodge, Rex (August 22, 2017). "8 injured, bus driver charged after collision with Great Smoky Mountains train". WLOS. Archived from the original on December 1, 2022. Retrieved May 19, 2023.

## Bibliography

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* George, Michael; Strack, Frank (2012). Passage Through Time: The Official Guidebook (3rd ed.). Great Smoky Mountains Railroad.
* Plott, Jacob; Plott, Bob (2021). Smoky Mountain Railways (1st ed.). The History Press. ISBN 978-1-4671-4459-9.

## External links

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Great Smoky Mountains Railroad.

* Official website
* American Heritage Railways
* North Carolina Railway Association

* v
* t
* e

Railroads of North Carolina

Common carriers|

* Aberdeen, Carolina and Western Railway
* Aberdeen and Rockfish Railroad
* Alexander Railroad
* Atlantic and Western Railway
* Blue Ridge Southern Railroad
* Caldwell County Railroad
* Cape Fear Railways
* Carolina Coastal Railway
* Carolina Southern Railroad
* Chesapeake and Albemarle Railroad
* Clinton Terminal Railroad
* CSX Transportation
* Great Smoky Mountains Railroad
* Laurinburg and Southern Railroad
* North Carolina Railroad
* North Carolina and Virginia Railroad
* Nash County Railroad
* Norfolk Southern Railway
* State University Railroad
* Thermal Belt Railway
* Virginia Southern Railroad
* Winston-Salem Southbound Railway
* Wilmington Terminal Railroad
* Yadkin Valley Railroad

Passenger carriers|

* Amtrak

* See also: Former carriers in North Carolina
* List of United States railroads by political division

35°25′46″N 83°26′55″W﻿ / ﻿35.4294°N 83.4485°W﻿ / 35.4294; -83.4485
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