Great Southern Comet of 1880

Kreutz sungrazer comet

C/1880 C1
(Great Southern Comet of 1880)

Illustration of the Great Comet of 1880 from a Scientific American article in May 1880[1]

Discovery
Discovery date| 31 January 1880
Designations

Alternative designations

| 1880a[2]
1880 I
Orbital characteristics[3]
Epoch| 14 February 1880 (JD 2407759.5)
Observation arc| 5 days
Number of
observations| 7
Orbit type| Kreutz sungrazer
Aphelion| 0.0054 AU
Semi-major axis| –520.91 AU
Eccentricity| 1.0000103
Avg. orbital speed| 575 km/s
Inclination| 144.759°

Longitude of
ascending node

| 8.448°
Argument of
periapsis| 86.685°
Last perihelion| 28 January 1880
Earth MOID| 0.5541 AU
Jupiter MOID| 2.9694 AU
Physical characteristics[4]

Apparent magnitude

| 3.0
(1880 apparition)

The Great Southern Comet of 1880, formally designated as C/1880 C1 in modern nomenclature, is a comet that became visible in the naked eye throughout the Southern hemisphere in February 1880. It is notable for being classified as a "great comet" not by its apparent magnitude, but by its prominent tail.

## Discovery and observation

[edit]

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## Orbit

[edit]

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## References

[edit]

1. ^ "THE GREAT SOUTHERN COMET". Scientific American. 42 (19): 293. 8 May 1880. JSTOR 26073185.
2. ^ "Comet Names and Designations". International Comet Quarterly. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
3. ^ "C/1880 C1 (Great southern comet) – JPL Small-Body Database Lookup". ssd.jpl.nasa.gov. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 17 November 2024.
4. ^ J. E. Bortle (1998). "The Bright Comet Chronicles". International Comet Quarterly. Retrieved 17 November 2024.

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Comets

| Features|

* Nucleus
* Coma
* Tails
* Antitail
* Comet dust
* Meteor shower

|
|

Types|

* Periodic
* Numbered
* Lost
* Long period
* Halley-type
* Jupiter-family
* Encke-type
* Main-belt
* Non-periodic
* Near-parabolic
* Hyperbolic
* Unknown-orbit
* Great Comet
* Sungrazing (Kreutz)
* Extinct
* Exocomet
* Interstellar

Related|

* Naming of comets
* Observational history of comets
* Centaur
* Comet discoverers
* LINEAR
* Extraterrestrial atmosphere
* Oort cloud
* Small Solar System body
* Asteroid

Exploration|

* List of missions to comets
* List of comets visited by spacecraft

Latest|

* C/2024 S1 (ATLAS)
* C/2023 P1 (Nishimura)
* C/2023 H2 (Lemmon)
* C/2023 E1 (ATLAS)
* C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan–ATLAS)
* C/2022 E3 (ZTF)
* C/2021 O3 (PanSTARRS)
* C/2021 J1 (Maury-Attard)
* C/2021 A1 (Leonard)
* C/2020 F8 (SWAN)
* C/2020 F5 (MASTER)
* C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE)
* C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS)
* C/2019 Y1 (ATLAS)
* C/2019 U6 (Lemmon)
* 2I/Borisov
* P/2019 LD2 (ATLAS)
* C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto)
* C/2018 C2 (Lemmon)
* C/2017 U7
* C/2017 K2 (PanSTARRS)
* C/2016 U1 (NEOWISE)
* C/2015 V2 (Johnson)
* C/2015 G2 (MASTER)
* C/2015 ER61 (PanSTARRS)
* C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli–Bernstein)
* C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy)
* C/2014 Q1 (PanSTARRS)

Culture and
speculation|

* Antimatter comet
* Comets in fiction
* Comet vintages

Lists of comets (more)

| Periodic
comets|

| Until 1985
(all)|

* 1P/Halley
* 2P/Encke
* 3D/Biela
* 4P/Faye
* 5D/Brorsen
* 6P/d'Arrest
* 7P/Pons–Winnecke
* 8P/Tuttle
* 9P/Tempel
* 10P/Tempel
* 11P/Tempel–Swift–LINEAR
* 12P/Pons–Brooks
* 13P/Olbers
* 14P/Wolf
* 15P/Finlay
* 16P/Brooks
* 17P/Holmes
* 18D/Perrine–Mrkos
* 19P/Borrelly
* 20D/Westphal
* 21P/Giacobini–Zinner
* 22P/Kopff
* 23P/Brorsen–Metcalf
* 24P/Schaumasse
* 25D/Neujmin
* 26P/Grigg–Skjellerup
* 27P/Crommelin
* 28P/Neujmin
* 29P/Schwassmann–Wachmann
* 30P/Reinmuth
* 31P/Schwassmann–Wachmann
* 32P/Comas Solà
* 33P/Daniel
* 34D/Gale
* 35P/Herschel–Rigollet
* 36P/Whipple
* 37P/Forbes
* 38P/Stephan–Oterma
* 39P/Oterma
* 40P/Väisälä
* 41P/Tuttle–Giacobini–Kresák
* 42P/Neujmin
* 43P/Wolf–Harrington
* 44P/Reinmuth
* 45P/Honda–Mrkos–Pajdušáková
* 46P/Wirtanen
* 47P/Ashbrook–Jackson
* 48P/Johnson
* 49P/Arend–Rigaux
* 50P/Arend
* 51P/Harrington
* 52P/Harrington–Abell
* 53P/Van Biesbroeck
* 54P/de Vico–Swift–NEAT
* 55P/Tempel–Tuttle
* 56P/Slaughter–Burnham
* 57P/du Toit–Neujmin–Delporte
* 58P/Jackson–Neujmin
* 59P/Kearns–Kwee
* 60P/Tsuchinshan
* 61P/Shajn–Schaldach
* 62P/Tsuchinshan
* 63P/Wild
* 64P/Swift–Gehrels
* 65P/Gunn
* 66P/du Toit
* 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko
* 68P/Klemola
* 69P/Taylor
* 70P/Kojima
* 71P/Clark
* 72P/Denning–Fujikawa
* 73P/Schwassmann–Wachmann
* 74P/Smirnova–Chernykh
* 75D/Kohoutek
* 76P/West–Kohoutek–Ikemura
* 77P/Longmore
* 78P/Gehrels
* 79P/du Toit–Hartley
* 80P/Peters–Hartley
* 81P/Wild
* 82P/Gehrels
* 83D/Russell
* 84P/Giclas
* 85D/Boethin

|

After 1985
(notable)|

* 88P/Howell
* 92P/Sanguin
* 96P/Machholz
* 97P/Metcalf–Brewington
* 103P/Hartley
* 107P/Wilson–Harrington
* 108P/Ciffréo
* 109P/Swift–Tuttle
* 122P/de Vico
* 126P/IRAS
* 141P/Machholz
* 144P/Kushida
* 147P/Kushida–Muramatsu
* 153P/Ikeya–Zhang
* 156P/Russell–LINEAR
* 161P/Hartley–IRAS
* 162P/Siding Spring
* 168P/Hergenrother
* 169P/NEAT
* 177P/Barnard
* 178P/Hug–Bell
* 205P/Giacobini
* 209P/LINEAR
* 238P/Read
* 246P/NEAT
* 249P/LINEAR
* 252P/LINEAR
* 255P/Levy
* 273P/Pons–Gambart
* 289P/Blanpain
* 311P/PanSTARRS
* 322P/SOHO
* 323P/SOHO
* 332P/Ikeya–Murakami
* 333P/LINEAR
* 354P/LINEAR
* 362P
* 460P/PanSTARRS

Comet-like
asteroids|

* 596 Scheila
* 2060 Chiron (95P)
* 4015 Wilson–Harrington (107P)
* 7968 Elst–Pizarro (133P)
* 165P/LINEAR
* 166P/NEAT
* 167P/CINEOS
* 60558 Echeclus (174P)
* 118401 LINEAR (176P)
* 238P/Read
* 259P/Garradd
* 311P/PanSTARRS
* 324P/La Sagra
* 331P/Gibbs
* 354P/LINEAR
* 358P/PANSTARRS
* P/2013 R3 (Catalina-PANSTARRS)
* (300163) 2006 VW139

Lost|

| Recovered|

* 9P/Tempel
* 11P/Tempel–Swift–LINEAR
* 15P/Finlay
* 17P/Holmes
* 27P/Crommelin
* 54P/de Vico–Swift–NEAT
* 55P/Tempel–Tuttle
* 57P/du Toit–Neujmin–Delporte
* 69P/Taylor
* 72P/Denning–Fujikawa
* 80P/Peters–Hartley
* 97P/Metcalf–Brewington
* 107P/Wilson–Harrington
* 113P/Spitaler
* 122P/de Vico
* 157P/Tritton
* 205P/Giacobini
* 206P/Barnard–Boattini
* 226P/Pigott–LINEAR–Kowalski
* 271P/van Houten–Lemmon
* 289P/Blanpain

|

Destroyed|

* 3D/Biela
* D/1993 F2 (Shoemaker–Levy 9)

Not found|

* D/1770 L1 (Lexell)
* 5D/Brorsen
* 18D/Perrine–Mrkos
* 20D/Westphal
* 25D/Neujmin
* 34D/Gale
* 75D/Kohoutek
* 83D/Russell
* 85D/Boethin

Visited by
spacecraft|

* 21P/Giacobini–Zinner (1985)
* 1P/Halley (1986)
* 26P/Grigg–Skjellerup (1992)
* 19P/Borrelly (2001)
* 81P/Wild (2004)
* 9P/Tempel (2005, 2011)
* C/2006 P1 (2007)
* 103P/Hartley (2010)
* 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko (2014)

Near-Parabolic
comets
(notable)|

| Until 1990|

* C/-43 K1 (Caesar's Comet)
* X/1106 C1 (Great Comet of 1106)
* C/1264 N1 (Great Comet of 1264)
* C/1402 D1 (Great Comet of 1402)
* C/1471 Y1 (Great Comet of 1472)
* C/1577 V1 (Great Comet of 1577)
* C/1652 Y1
* C/1680 V1 (Great Comet of 1680, Kirsch's Comet, Newton's Comet))
* C/1702 H1 (Comet of 1702)
* C/1729 P1 (Comet of 1729, Comet Sarabat)
* C/1743 X1 (Great Comet of 1744, Comet Klinkenberg-Chéseaux)
* C/1760 A1 (Great Comet of 1760)
* C/1769 P1 (Great Comet of 1769)
* C/1807 R1 (Great Comet of 1807)
* C/1811 F1 (Great Comet of 1811)
* C/1819 N1 (Great Comet of 1819)
* C/1823 Y1 (Great Comet of 1823)
* C/1843 D1 (Great March Comet of 1843)
* C/1847 T1 (Miss Mitchell's Comet)
* C/1858 L1 (Comet Donati)
* C/1861 G1 (Comet Thatcher)
* C/1861 J1 (Great Comet of 1861)
* C/1865 B1 (Great Southern Comet of 1865)
* X/1872 X1 (Pogson's Comet)
* C/1874 H1 (Comet Coggia)
* C/1881 K1 (Comet Tebbutt)
* C/1882 R1 (Great Comet of 1882)
* C/1887 B1 (Great Southern Comet of 1887)
* C/1901 G1 (Great Comet of 1901)
* C/1910 A1 (Great January Comet of 1910)
* C/1911 O1 (Brooks)
* C/1911 S3 (Beljawsky)
* C/1927 X1 (Skjellerup–Maristany)
* C/1931 P1 (Ryves)
* C/1941 B2 (de Kock-Paraskevopoulos)
* C/1947 X1 (Southern Comet)
* C/1948 V1 (Eclipse)
* C/1956 R1 (Arend–Roland)
* C/1957 P1 (Mrkos)
* C/1961 O1 (Wilson-Hubbard) [de]
* C/1961 R1 (Humason)
* C/1962 C1 (Seki-Lines)
* C/1963 A1 (Ikeya)
* C/1963 R1 (Pereyra)
* C/1964 N1 (Ikeya)
* C/1965 S1 (Ikeya-Seki)
* C/1969 T1 (Tago-Sato-Kosaka) [de]
* C/1969 Y1 (Bennett)
* C/1970 K1 (White–Ortiz–Bolelli)
* C/1973 E1 (Kohoutek)
* C/1975 V1 (West)
* C/1980 E1 (Bowell)
* C/1983 H1 (IRAS–Araki–Alcock)
* C/1989 W1 (Aarseth-Brewington)
* C/1989 X1 (Austin)
* C/1989 Y1 (Skorichenko–George)

|

After 1990|

* C/1990 K1 (Levy)
* C/1992 J1 (Spacewatch–Rabinowitz)
* C/1993 Y1 (McNaught–Russell)
* C/1995 O1 (Hale–Bopp)
* C/1996 B2 (Hyakutake)
* C/1997 L1 (Zhu–Balam)
* C/1998 H1 (Stonehouse)
* C/1998 J1 (SOHO)
* C/1999 F1 (Catalina)
* C/1999 S4 (LINEAR)
* C/2000 WM1 (LINEAR)
* C/2001 A2 (LINEAR)
* C/2001 OG108 (LONEOS)
* C/2001 Q4 (NEAT)
* C/2002 T7 (LINEAR)
* C/2002 V1 (NEAT)
* C/2004 F4 (Bradfield)
* C/2004 Q2 (Machholz)
* C/2006 A1 (Pojmański)
* C/2006 M4 (SWAN)
* C/2006 P1 (McNaught)
* C/2007 E2 (Lovejoy)
* C/2007 F1 (LONEOS)
* C/2007 N3 (Lulin)
* C/2007 Q3 (Siding Spring)
* C/2007 W1 (Boattini)
* C/2009 F6 (Yi–SWAN)
* C/2009 R1 (McNaught)
* C/2010 X1 (Elenin)
* C/2011 L4 (PANSTARRS)
* C/2011 W3 (Lovejoy)
* C/2012 E2 (SWAN)
* C/2012 F6 (Lemmon)
* C/2012 K1 (PANSTARRS)
* C/2012 S1 (ISON)
* C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring)
* C/2013 R1 (Lovejoy)
* C/2013 US10 (Catalina)
* C/2013 V5 (Oukaimeden)
* C/2014 E2 (Jacques)
* C/2014 Q1 (PanSTARRS)
* C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy)
* C/2015 ER61 (PanSTARRS)
* C/2015 V2 (Johnson)
* C/2017 K2 (PanSTARRS)
* 1I/2017 U1 ʻOumuamua
* C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto)
* 2I/Borisov
* C/2019 U6 (Lemmon)
* C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS)
* C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE)
* C/2020 F8 (SWAN)
* C/2021 A1 (Leonard)
* C/2022 E3 (ZTF)
* C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan–ATLAS)
* C/2023 P1 (Nishimura)

After 1910
(by name)|

* Aarseth-Brewington
* Arend–Roland
* Austin
* Beljawsky
* Bennett
* Boattini
* Borisov
* Bowell
* Bradfield
* Brooks
* Catalina
* C/1999 F1
* C/2013 US10
* de Kock–Paraskevopoulos
* Eclipse
* Elenin
* Hale-Bopp
* Humason
* Hyakutake
* Ikeya
* C/1963 A1
* C/1964 N1
* Ikeya-Seki
* IRAS–Araki–Alcock
* ISON
* Iwamoto
* Jacques
* Johnson
* Kohoutek
* Lemmon
* C/2012 F6
* C/2018 C2
* C/2019 U6
* Leonard
* Levy
* LINEAR
* C/1999 S4
* C/2000 WM1
* C/2001 A2
* C/2002 T7
* LONEOS
* C/2001 OG108
* C/2007 F1
* Lovejoy
* C/2007 E2
* C/2011 W3
* C/2013 R1
* C/2014 Q2
* Lulin
* Machholz
* McNaught
* C/2006 P1
* C/2009 R1
* McNaught–Russell
* Mrkos
* NEAT
* C/2001 Q4
* C/2002 V1
* NEOWISE
* Nishimura
* Oukaimeden
* ʻOumuamua
* Pan-STARRS
* C/2011 L4
* C/2012 K1
* 311P/PanSTARRS
* C/2014 Q1
* C/2015 ER61
* C/2017 K2
* Pereyra
* Pojmański
* Ryves
* Seki–Lines
* Siding Spring
* C/2007 Q3
* C/2013 A1
* Skjellerup–Maristany
* Skorichenko–George
* SOHO
* Southern
* Spacewatch–Rabinowitz
* Stonehouse
* SWAN
* C/2006 M4
* C/2012 E2
* C/2020 F8
* Tago-Sato-Kosaka [de]
* Tsuchinshan–ATLAS
* West
* White–Ortiz–Bolelli
* Wilson–Hubbard [de]
* Yi–SWAN
* Zhu–Balam
* ZTF

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