Great Union

1918 unification of the Kingdom of Romania with most ethnically Romanian territories

Map of the Kingdom of Romania between 1918 and 1940 (Greater Romania) and its historical regions

In Romanian historiography, the Great Union (Romanian: Marea Unire) or Great Union of 1918 (Marea Unire din 1918) was the series of political unifications the Kingdom of Romania had with several of the Romanian historical regions, starting with Bessarabia on 27 March 1918, continuing with Bukovina on 28 November 1918 and finalizing with Transylvania (on its broad meaning) on 1 December 1918 with the declaration of the union of this region with Romania during an assembly at the city of Alba Iulia. Romanians also consider several other events as preludes to the Great Union, such as the unification of Moldavia and Wallachia (also known as the Little Union, Mica Unire) in 1859 or the independence of the country and the annexation of Northern Dobruja in 1878, and also the occupation of Transylvania and Moldavia by the Prince of Wallachia, Michael the Brave, in 1600.[1][2][3]

Today, the Great Union has an important meaning in Romania, and it is commemorated in the Great Union Day, the national day of the country, every 1 December.[4] The centenary of the Great Union on 1 December 2018 was widely celebrated in Romania, with military parades at cities like Alba Iulia or Bucharest to which many people (up to 550,000, 100,000 of them in Alba Iulia alone), including the President of Romania Klaus Iohannis, attended.[5] The centenary was also celebrated in Moldova, where more than 100 localities and 3 districts declared unification with Romania.[6][7]

## See also

[edit]

* Dacianism
* Greater Romania
* Romanian nationalism

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Zub, Alexandru (2017). "Basarabia: preludii la Marea Unire" (PDF). Revista de Istorie a Moldovei (in Romanian). 112 (4): 5–10.
2. ^ Andreescu, Mihail M. (2018). "Drumul către Marea Unire din 1 decembrie 1918". Studii și comunicări/DIS (in Romanian) (11): 57–65.
3. ^ Sigmirean, Ioan (2018). "Marea Unire din anul 1918 – O minune istorică". Arhiva Someșană (in Romanian). 16: 11–20.
4. ^ Petcu, Adina (30 November 2019). "Ziua Marii Uniri. 1 decembrie, Ziua Națională a României. Semnificație, istoric și programul evenimentelor". Mediafax (in Romanian).
5. ^ "1 Decembrie 2018, Ziua Națională. Paradă la București și Alba Iulia - principalele momente, în imagini". Digi24 (in Romanian). 1 December 2018.
6. ^ "Peste 100 de primari din R. Moldova ce au semnat declarații de unire cu România se întrunesc la Iași". HotNews (in Romanian). 10 March 2018.
7. ^ Avram, Marian (7 March 2018). "Peste 100 de localități din Republica Moldova au semnat declarația simbolică de unire cu România". Mediafax (in Romanian).

## External links

[edit]

* Page of the centenary of the Great Union
* Page of the Romanian Government dedicated to the centenary of the Great Union

* v
* t
* e

Great Union (Marea Unire)

Background|

| Ideology|

* Romanian nationalism
* Romanian irredentism
* Greater Romania

|

Events|

* Unification of Moldavia and Wallachia
* Independence and annexation of Northern Dobruja
* Romanian annexation of Silistra
* Conquest of Southern Dobruja
* Treaty of Bucharest of 1916

Figures|

* Ferdinand I of Romania (King)
* Marie of Romania (Queen)
* Ion I. C. Brătianu (Prime Minister)
* Alexandru Averescu
* Iancu Flondor
* Pan Halippa
* Iuliu Maniu

Accomplishment|

| Romania in
World War I|

* First Romanian war plan
* 1916 Romanian Campaign
* Battle of Transylvania
* The Romanian Debacle
* Battle of Bucharest
* Central Powers occupation of Romania
* 1917 Romanian Campaign
* Battle of Mărăști
* Battle of Mărășești
* Third Battle of Oituz
* Romanian military intervention in Bessarabia
* Second Romanian campaign
* Hungarian–Romanian War
* Romanian occupation of Hungary
* Romanian occupation of Pokuttia

|

Institutions and
documents|

* Sfatul Țării
* General Congress of Bukovina
* Romanian National Council
* Great National Assembly of Alba Iulia
* Declaration of Alba Iulia
* Romanian National Guards
* Ruling Council
* Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
* Treaty of Trianon
* Treaty of Paris (unenforced)

Unifications|

* Union with Bessarabia
* Union with Bukovina
* Union with Transylvania

Disestablishment|

* Soviet occupation of Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina and the Hertsa region
* Second Vienna Award
* Treaty of Craiova
* Population exchange between Bulgaria and Romania
* Recovery attempt of Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina and Hertsa
* Transnistria Governorate
* Paris Peace Treaties, 1947
* Moscow Protocol of 1948

Aftermath|

* Moldavian SSR
* Republic of Moldova
* Independence
* Transnistria
* Transnistria conflict
* Transnistria War
* Gagauz Republic
* Gagauzia conflict
* Unification with Romania

Commemoration|

* 1 Decembrie 1918 University, Alba Iulia
* National Museum of the Union

| Holidays|

* Dobruja Day
* Day of the Union of Bessarabia with Romania
* Bukovina Day
* Great Union Day (Romanian national day)
* Trianon Treaty Day

|

Centenary|

* Centenary of the Great Union Anniversary Medal
* Centenary March
* 2018 unification declarations in Moldova and Romania

* v
* t
* e

Romanian nationalism

Ideology|

* Dacianism
* Dacology
* Irredentism
* Legionarism
* Neo-Legionarism
* National communism
* Poporanism
* Protochronism

Events|

* Revolt of Horea, Cloșca and Crișan
* Moldavian Revolution of 1848
* Wallachian Revolution of 1848
* Great National Assembly of Alba Iulia
* Bridge of Flowers

Unifications|

* Unification of Moldavia and Wallachia
* Union of Bessarabia with Romania
* Union of Bukovina with Romania
* Union of Transylvania with Romania
* Great Union
* Greater Romania

Figures|

* Vlad the Impaler
* Stephen the Great
* Michael the Brave
* Alexandru Ioan Cuza
* Carol I of Romania
* Ferdinand I of Romania

Political parties|

| Current|

* Greater Romania Party
* New Generation Party
* Noua Dreaptă
* People's Movement Party
* National Identity Bloc in Europe
* Alliance for the Union of Romanians
* Romanian Nationhood Party
* Social Democratic Party
* Romanian Socialist Party (2003)
* National Liberal Party
* Alliance for the Homeland
* Romanian Village Party
* S.O.S. Romania
* Party of Young People

|

Former|

* Romanian National Party
* Democratic Nationalist Party
* Bessarabian Peasants' Party
* Democratic Union Party
* National Italo-Romanian Cultural and Economic Movement
* National Romanian Fascio
* National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)
* Romanian Communist Party
* National Fascist Movement
* National-Christian Defense League
* Iron Guard
* National Liberal Party-Brătianu
* National Socialist Party
* Crusade of Romanianism
* Romanian Front
* Romanian National Unity Party
* Socialist Party of Labour
* Everything For the Country Party
* People's Party – Dan Diaconescu
* United Romania Party

Organizations|

* ASTRA
* Cenaclul Flacăra
* Cîntarea României
* Junimea

Popular culture|

| Songs|

* "Cântă cucu-n Bucovina"
* "Dac-am plecat, Ardealule, din tine"
* "Deșteaptă-te, române!"
* "Doamne, ocrotește-i pe români"
* "Drum bun"
* "Hora Unirii"
* "Pe-al nostru steag e scris Unire"
* "Pui de lei"
* "Treceți, batalioane române, Carpații"
* "Trei culori"

|

Phrases|

* "Bessarabia, Romanian land"

Nationalists|

* Ion Antonescu
* Nicolae Ceaușescu
* Corneliu Zelea Codreanu
* Mihai Eminescu
* Doina
* Nicolae Iorga
* Nicolae Petrescu-Comnen
* Horia Sima
* Corneliu Vadim Tudor

Policies|

* Aromanian question
* Re-latinization of Romanian
* Romanianization

Related topics|

* Anti-Romanian sentiment
* Bessarabian question
* Moldovenism
* Unification of Moldova and Romania

* v
* t
* e

Historiography

* Historians
* list / by area of study
* History

* historians
* historicity
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* theories of history

Historical sources

| Types|

* Primary sources
* Secondary sources
* Tertiary sources

|

Sources|

* Annals
* Archives
* Artifacts
* Archaeological site
* Chronicles
* Codices
* Deeds
* Facsimiles
* Features
* Hieroglyphs
* Historical documents
* Logbooks
* Manuscripts
* Illuminated
* Oral tradition
* Papyri
* Religious texts
* Scrolls
* War diaries
* Service records

Fields of study

| By scale|

* Big History
* World history
* Human history
* Local history
* Microhistory

|

By source|

* Archival science / Library and information science (template)
* Books / Writing systems
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* Chronology
* dating
* Diplomatics
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* Epigraphy
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* Heraldry
* Numismatics (Money)
* Onomastics
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* preservation
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* Postage stamps
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* Toponymy
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By topic|

* Anthropology / Paleoanthropology
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Methodology

* Case study
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| Approaches,
schools|

* Annales school
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|

Concepts

| General|

* Change and continuity
* Historic preservation
* Historic recurrence
* Historical significance
* Historicity
* Historiology [es]
* Theory of history [de]
* Philosophy

|

Specific|

* Black legend
* Coloniality and decolonization of knowledge
* Dark Ages
* Historical negationism
* Historian's fallacy / Presentism
* Invented tradition
* Modernisation theory
* Narratives
* Paradigm shift
* Pax
* list
* Thirty-year rule
* Transhistoricity
* Translatio imperii / Translatio studii
* Vaticinium ex eventu

| Periodization of
modern history|

* Age of Discovery
* Age of Enlightenment
* European Civil War / Second Thirty Years' War
* Long 18th / 19th century
* Renaissance
* Continuity thesis

|

By country or region

| Africa|

* African historiography
* Egypt
* Pyramid construction techniques
* Black Egypt Thesis [es]
* Ethiopia
* Morocco
* Greater Morocco
* Rwanda
* Double genocide theory
* Maafa

|

Americas|

* Canada
* Metropolitan-hinterland thesis
* Residential schools
* Staples thesis
* Indigenous population history

| Latin America|

* Argentina
* May Revolution / Causes
* Revisionist [es]
* Peru
* Iquicha Royalism
* Colonial Spanish America
* Casta

|

United States|

* African-American history
* Nadir of American race relations
* Neoabolitionism
* Reconstruction era
* Consensus history
* Cyclical theory
* Frontier thesis
* Political history
* Eras
* Progressive-era historians

Eurasia|

* Albania
* Dealbanisation
* Austria
* Habsburg myth
* Balhae
* Belarus
* Litvinism
* Bulgaria
* Byzantine Empire [de]
* Early [ru]
* Croatia
* Europe
* Ancient [ru]
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* New Age [ru]
* Georgia
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* Greek
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* Iran
* 2,500-year celebration
* Japan
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* Nationalist
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* North Macedonia
* Philippines
* Early settlements
* Portugal [pt]
* Lusotropicalism
* Romania
* Great Union
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* Kosovo Myth
* Sweden
* Götaland theory
* Switzerland
* Taiwan
* Ukraine
* Executed Renaissance
* Vietnam
* Nam tiến
* Trưng sisters

| Ancient Rome|

* Catilinarian conspiracy
* Christianization
* Constantinian shift
* Expansion
* Fall of Western Rome
* Prosopography
* Succession
* Byzantine succession
* Moscow, third Rome
* Ottoman claim
* Problem of two emperors

|

China|

* 5000-year civilization assertion
* Archaeology
* Wunu School [zh]
* Century of humiliation
* Conquest dynasty
* "Chineseness" debate
* New Qing History
* Golden ages
* Hua–Yi distinction
* Four Barbarians
* Sinocentrism
* Self-Strengthening Movement
* Sprouts of capitalism
* Tibetan sovereignty debate

France|

* Cordon sanitaire
* Frankish Interregnum [fr]
* Grand Siècle
* Legendary Saracen [fr]
* Location of Alésia [fr]
* Lyon [fr]
* Historiography of Vichy France

Germany|

* Alltagsgeschichte
* Borussian myth
* Historikerstreit
* Sonderweg
* Strukturgeschichte [de]
* Sybel-Ficker controversy
* Vergangenheitsbewältigung

India|

* Greater Magadha
* Indocentrism
* Indigenous Aryanism

Ireland|

* Great Famine
* "More Irish than the Irish themselves"
* Revisionism
* Revolutionary period

Italy|

* Fascist Italy
* Fourth Italian War of Independence
* Historiae Patriae Monumenta
* Historical Series of the Bank of Italy
* Italians, the good people
* Rerum italicarum scriptores
* Revisionism of Risorgimento
* Southern question
* Neo-Bourbonism

Poland|

* Golden Liberty
* Sarmatism
* Deluge
* Partitions
* Polish People's Republic [pl]

Russia|

* Anti-Normanism
* Pre-Revolutionary Russia [ru]
* Skeptic School [ru]
* Soviet Union
* October Revolution
* Soviet famine of 1930–1933
* Causes of the Holodomor
* Holodomor genocide question
* Holodomor in modern politics

Spain|

* Black legend / White legend
* Hispanism
* Carlism in the Francoist era
* Convivencia
* Inquisition
* Limpieza de sangre controversy [es]
* Reconquista
* Islamic revolution of Spain [es]
* Revisionist
* Colonies or Provinces
* Spanish decline [es]
* Ser de España [es]

Turkey|

* Kemalist
* Ottoman Empire
* Ghaza thesis
* Decline thesis

United
Kingdom|

* Poor Laws
* Scotland
* Kingdom of Alba
* Westminster Stone
* Storm over the gentry
* Suffragette Campaign
* Tudor myth
* Ricardians
* Winter of Discontent

| British
Empire|

* Cambridge School
* Porter–MacKenzie debate
* Second colonial occupation

|

Oceania|

* Colonial Australia

By war, conflict

* v
* t
* e

Military historiography

* Military history
* List of military museums

Pre-18th century
conflicts|

* Albigensian Crusade
* Catharism debate
* Crusades
* Islamic views
* Eighty Years' War
* Origins
* Fall of Babylon
* Gallic Wars
* Late Bronze Age collapse
* Dorian invasion
* Sea Peoples
* Peloponnesian War

18th and 19th
century conflicts|

| Coalition Wars
(1792–1815)|

* French Revolution
* Pre-revolution [fr]
* Causes
* New Russian School [ru]
* War in the Vendée
* Napoleonic era
* Invasion of Russia
* Waterloo

|

* American Civil War
* Origins
* Turning point
* Franco-Prussian War
* Causes
* Paris Commune
* Great Game
* Indian Rebellion of 1857
* Causes
* Paraguayan War
* War of 1812
* Origins
* War of the Pacific
* Causes
* Myth of English aid [es]

World War I|

* Causes (Color books / Fischer thesis)
* Late Ottoman genocides (Causes of the Armenian genocide)
* Patriotic consent [fr]
* Persian famine of 1917–1919
* Powder keg of Europe
* Schlieffen Plan
* Spirit of 1914 / 1917
* Treaty of Brest-Litovsk [ru]

| Treaty of
Versailles|

* Reparations
* War guilt question
* Article 231
* Reichstag inquiry

|

Interwar period|

* Burning of Smyrna
* Polish–Soviet War
* Causes
* Spanish Civil War
* Background

World War II|

* Causes
* "Blitzkrieg" concept
* Broad vs. narrow front
* German resistance to Nazism
* Nazi foreign policy debate

| Eastern Front|

* Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
* Soviet offensive plans
* Soviets and the Warsaw Uprising
* Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia
* Winter War
* Background
* Spirit

|

The Holocaust|

* Auschwitz bombing debate
* Awareness in Nazi Germany and German-occupied Europe
* Functionalism–intentionalism debate
* In relation to the Armenian genocide / Nakba
* Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust
* Pius Wars
* "Polish death camp"
* Responsibility
* Slovakia
* Uniqueness

Pacific War|

* Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
* "Battle for Australia"
* Bengal famine
* Second Sino-Japanese War
* Nanjing Massacre

Western Front|

* Battle of France
* Guilty Men
* Résistancialisme
* Vichy France

Cold War|

* Origins
* 1948 Palestine war
* Palestinian expulsion and flight / Ongoing Nakba
* Zionism as settler colonialism
* New Historians
* Malayan Emergency
* Causes
* Algerian War
* Six-Day War
* Origins
* Iranian revolution
* Causes
* Iran–Iraq War
* Falklands War
* Sovereignty dispute
* Sri Lankan civil war
* Origins

Post-Cold War|

* Russo-Georgian War
* Background
* Responsibility
* Syrian revolution
* Causes

Related|

* Conflict thesis
* Gunpowder and gun transmission
* Torsion mangonel myth
* War and genocide

* Category

By person

| Political
leaders|

* Adolf Hitler
* Alexander the Great
* Amin al-Husseini
* Aurangzeb
* Cato the Younger
* Che Guevara
* Chiang Ching-kuo [zh]
* Chiang Kai Shek [zh]
* Constantine the Great
* Gregory Palamas
* Horatio Nelson
* Hypatia
* Jiang Zemin [zh]
* Joseph Stalin [ru]
* José de San Martín
* Juan Manuel de Rosas
* Klemens von Metternich
* Leonid Brezhnev
* Louis Riel
* Mao Zedong [zh]
* Muammar Gaddafi
* Napoleon
* Neville Chamberlain
* Pedro II of Brazil
* Simon Bolivar
* Cult of personality [es]
* Bolivarianism
* Saladin
* Sun Yat-sen [zh]
* Thomas Aquinas
* Thomas Jefferson
* Ulysses S. Grant
* Warren G. Harding
* Yuan Shikai [zh]
* Zhou Enlai [zh]
* Zhuge Liang [zh]

| Historical
rankings|

* Australia
* Canada
* Modern Germany
* Netherlands
* United Kingdom
* United States

|

Others|

* The Beatles
* Charles Darwin
* Friedrich Nietzsche
* H. P. Lovecraft
* Jane Austen
* Muhammed
* Historicity
* Judaism
* Medieval Christian
* Jesus
* Historicity
* Resurrection
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* Christianity
* Judaism
* Islam
* J. R. R. Tolkien
* The Lord of the Rings
* Madonna
* Robert Falcon Scott
* Socrates
* Søren Kierkegaard
* William Shakespeare

Other topics

* Bears in antiquity
* Crisis of historiography [pt]
* Feudalism
* Library of Alexandria
* Nationalism in the Middle Ages
* Professionalization and institutionalization of history
* Salons
* Western European colonialism and colonization
* Desacralization of knowledge

| Economics|

* Industrial Revolution
* Great Recession
* Great Depression
* School of Thoughts
* Historical school of economics
* English historical school of economics

|

Religion|

* Avestan geography
* Early Christianity
* Background
* Historical reliability of the Gospels
* Primacy of Peter
* Opposition to Papal supremacy
* Proto-orthodox Christianity
* Early Islam
* Criticism of the Quran
* Succession to Muhammad
* Islamic golden age
* Kharijites
* Ecclesiastical history of the Catholic Church
* Second Vatican Council
* Hermeneutics of Vatican Council II [it]
* Hesychast controversy
* Protestant Reformation
* Proto-Protestantism
* Criticism of Protestantism
* Protestant work ethic
* Jesuit historiography
* Modern Jewish history
* Wissenschaft des Judentums
* Schools of thought
* Biblical criticism
* Catholic theology
* Panbabylonism
* Urreligion
* Perennial
* Religionsgeschichtliche Schule
* Roman
* Revisionist school of Islamic studies

Science /
Technology|

* Merton thesis
* Protestant Ethic and Capitalism
* Heroic theory of invention and scientific development
* Gunpowder and gun transmission
* Torsion mangonel myth

Organizations, publications

* Heritage registers
* Historical society (list)
* History institutes
* History journals
* template

Related

* Commemorative plaque
* Documentary film
* Hagiography
* Historical fiction
* Historical realism
* Historiographic metafiction
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* Category
* Multimedia

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