Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite

Earth observation satellite

Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite

Model of GOSAT at Tsukuba Space Center Space Dome

Names| Ibuki
Mission type| Environmental
Operator| JAXA
COSPAR ID| 2009-002A
SATCAT no.| 33492
Website| global.jaxa.jp/projects/sat/gosat/index.html
Mission duration| 5 years (planned)
Elapsed: 16 years, 5 months, 16 days
Spacecraft properties
Manufacturer| Mitsubishi Electric
Launch mass| 1,750 kilograms (3,860 lb)[1]
Power| 3.8 kilowatts[1]
Start of mission
Launch date| 23 January 2009, 03:54 (2009-01-23UTC03:54) UTC
Rocket| H-IIA-202 F15
Launch site| Tanegashima, Yoshinobu 1
Contractor| Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
Orbital parameters
Reference system| Geocentric
Regime| Low Earth[2]
Perigee altitude| 674 kilometres (419 mi)[3]
Apogee altitude| 676 kilometres (420 mi)[3]
Inclination| 98.06° [3]
Period| 98.12 minutes[3]
Mean motion| 14.68[3]
Epoch| 25 January 2015, 03:12:11 UTC[3]
Main Instrument
Wavelengths| 12900 - 13200 cm−1/ 5800 - 6400 cm−1/ 4800 - 5200 cm−1/ 700 - 1800 cm−1(FTS)[1]
Resolution| 0.2 cm−1 (FTS)
Instruments
TANSO-FTS - Infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometer
TANSO-CAI - Thermal and Near-Infrared Sensor

Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT), also known as Ibuki (Japanese: いぶき, Hepburn: Ibuki; meaning "breath"[4]), is an Earth observation satellite and the world's first satellite dedicated to greenhouse gas monitoring.[5] It measures the densities of carbon dioxide and methane from 56,000 locations on the Earth's atmosphere.[6] The GOSAT was developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and launched on 23 January 2009, from the Tanegashima Space Center.[6] Japan's Ministry of the Environment, and the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) [7] use the data to track gases causing the greenhouse effect, and share the data with NASA and other international scientific organizations.[5]

## Launch

[edit]

GOSAT was launched along with seven other piggyback probes using the H-IIA, Japan's primary large-scale expendable launch system, at 3:54 am on 23 January 2009 UTC on Tanegashima, a small island in southern Japan, after a two-day delay due to unfavourable weather.[6][5] At approximately 16 minutes after liftoff, the separation of Ibuki from the launch rocket was confirmed.[8]

## Instruments

[edit]

According to JAXA, the Ibuki satellite is equipped with a greenhouse gas observation sensor (TANSO-FTS) and a cloud/aerosol sensor (TANSO-CAI) that supplements TANSO-FTS. The greenhouse gas observation sensor of Ibuki observes a wide range of wavelengths (near-infrared region–thermal infrared region) within the infrared band to enhance observation accuracy.[8] The satellite uses a spectrometer to measure different elements and compounds based on their response to certain types of light. This technology allows the satellite to measure "the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere at a super-high resolution."[9]

## GOSAT-2

[edit]

The Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite-2 was launched from Tanegashima Space Center by a H-IIA rocket on October 29, 2018.[10]

## See also

[edit]

* Spaceflight portal

* Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2
* TanSat
* Space-based Measurements of Carbon Dioxide

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c "Outlines of GOSAT and TANSO Sensor" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2009. Retrieved 26 January 2009.
2. ^ "Orbit Insertion of the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite "IBUKI" (GOSAT)" (PDF) (Press release). JAXA. Retrieved 26 January 2009.
3. ^ a b c d e f "GOSAT (IBUKI) Satellite details 2009-002A NORAD 33492". N2YO.com. 25 January 2015. Retrieved 25 January 2015.
4. ^ "'IBUKI' Chosen as Nickname of the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT)" (Press release). JAXA. 15 October 2008. Retrieved 29 May 2009.
5. ^ a b c "Japan launches rocket with greenhouse-gas probe". Associated Press. 23 January 2009. Archived from the original on 31 January 2009. Retrieved 23 January 2009.
6. ^ a b c Fujioka, Chisa (23 January 2009). "Japan launches satellite to monitor greenhouse gases". Reuters. Retrieved 23 January 2009.
7. ^ "国立環境研究所". Nies.go.jp. Retrieved 11 April 2022.
8. ^ a b "Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite "IBUKI"(GOSAT)". Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. Archived from the original on 4 April 2014. Retrieved 23 January 2009.
9. ^ Gerein, Keith (21 January 2009). "Alta. scientists to track greenhouse gases from space". Calgary Herald. Archived from the original on 31 January 2009. Retrieved 24 January 2009.
10. ^ Graham, William (28 October 2018). "Japanese H-IIA launches GOSAT-2 Earth Observation Satellite launch". nasaspaceflight.com. Retrieved 12 December 2022.

## External links

[edit]

* GOSAT site by JAXA
* GOSAT site by NIES
* GOSAT-2 site by NIES

* v
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Japanese space program

* Italics indicates projects in development.
* Symbol † indicates failed projects.
* ~~Strikethrough lines~~ indicate cancelled projects.

Space agencies

| National space agencies|

* JAXA
* former ISAS
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|

Joint development partners|

*  United States NASA1
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Astronomical observation

| Past|

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Active|

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Future|

* ATHENA2
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Communications satellites, broadcasting satellites and satellite navigation systems

| Past|

* BS
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* 1
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|

Active|

* Kirameki
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Future|

* DSN
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* 7

Earth observation

| Past|

* Akebono
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|

Active|

* Aqua1,7
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* 1
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Future|

* GOSAT-GW
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Engineering tests

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* USERS

|

Active|

* Ajisai
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Future|

* BEAK
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Human spaceflight

| Past|

* ~~Fuji crewed spacecraft~~
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* H-II Transfer Vehicle

|

Active|

* International Space Station (ISS) & Japanese Experiment Module (Kibō)1,2,3,4,5,6

Future|

* HTV-X
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Space probes

| The Moon|

| Past|

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|

Active|

* EQUULEUS

Future|

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Others|

| Past|

* Hayabusa
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|

Active|

* Akatsuki
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Future|

* Comet Interceptor2
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Reconnaissance satellites

| Past|

* IGS-Optical
* 1
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* 1
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|

Active|

* IGS-Optical
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Future|

* IGS-Optical
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Private small satellites

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Future|

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* v
* t
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← 2008

Orbital launches in 2009

2010 →

January|

* USA-202 / Orion 6
* Ibuki, Kukai, SDS-1, Sohla-1
* Koronas-Foton

February|

* Omid
* NOAA-19
* Progress M-66
* Ekspress-AM44, Ekspress-MD1
* Hot Bird 10, NSS-9, Spirale-A, Spirale-B
* OCO
* Telstar 11N
* Raduga-1

March|

* Kepler
* STS-119 (ITS S6)
* GOCE
* USA-203
* Soyuz TMA-14

April|

* Eutelsat W2A
* USA-204
* Kwangmyŏngsŏng-2
* Compass-G2
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* SICRAL 1B
* Yaogan 6
* Kosmos 2450

May|

* USA-205
* Progress M-02M
* STS-125
* Herschel, Planck
* ProtoStar 2
* TacSat-3, PharmaSat, AeroCube-3, HawkSat-1, CP6
* Meridian 2
* Soyuz TMA-15

June|

* LRO, LCROSS
* MEASAT-3a
* GOES 14
* Sirius FM-5

July|

* TerreStar-1
* Kosmos 2451, Kosmos 2452, Kosmos 2453
* RazakSAT
* STS-127 (JEM-EF, AggieSat 2, BEVO-1, Castor, Pollux)
* Kosmos 2454, Sterkh No.11L
* Progress M-67
* DubaiSat-1, Deimos-1, UK-DMC 2, Nanosat-1B, AprizeSat-3, AprizeSat-4

August|

* AsiaSat 5
* USA-206
* JCSAT-RA, Optus D3
* STSat-2A
* STS-128 (Leonardo MPLM)
* Palapa-D

September|

* USA-207 / PAN
* HTV-1
* Meteor-M No.1, BLITS, Sterkh-2, SumbandilaSat, UGATUSAT, Universitetsky-Tatyana-2
* Nimiq 5
* Oceansat-2, Rubin 9.1, Rubin 9.2, BeeSat-1, UWE-2, ITU-pSat1, SwissCube-1
* USA-208 / STSS-Demo 1, USA-209 / STSS-Demo 2
* Soyuz TMA-16

October|

* Amazonas-2, COMSATBw-1
* WorldView-2
* Progress M-03M
* USA-210
* Thor 6, NSS-12

November|

* SMOS, PROBA-2
* Progress M-MIM2 (Poisk)
* Shijian 11-01
* STS-129 (ExPRESS-1, ExPRESS-2)
* Kosmos 2455
* Intelsat 14
* Eutelsat W7
* IGS Optical 3
* Intelsat 15

December|

* USA-211
* Yaogan 7
* Kosmos 2456, Kosmos 2457, Kosmos 2458
* Yaogan 8, Xi Wang 1
* Helios IIB
* Soyuz TMA-17
* DirecTV-12

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