Grozny synagogue

Russian: Ашкеназская синагога

The synagogue in 1910, prior to its destruction

Religion
Affiliation| Orthodox Judaism (former)
Ecclesiastical or organisational status| Synagogue
Status| Destroyed
Location
Location| Grozny, Chechnya, North Caucasus
Country| Russia

Location of the destroyed synagogue in Chechnya

Geographic coordinates| 43°18′54″N 45°41′38″E﻿ / ﻿43.31500°N 45.69389°E﻿ / 43.31500; 45.69389
Architecture
Type| Synagogue architecture
Funded by| The congregation of Ashkenazi Jews
Groundbreaking| 1900
Completed| 1902; rebuilt in 1930s
Materials| brick blocks

Historic site

Invalid designation

Official name| Synagogue
Type| Monument
Criteria| Regional significance
Designated| November 9, 2010
Reference no.|  Cultural heritage site № 2000138000

The Grozny synagogue (Russian: Ашкеназская синагога; Hebrew: בית כנסת גרוזני) was an Ashkenazi Orthodox Jewish synagogue located in the city of Grozny in the Chechen Republic, in the North Caucasus of Russia. In 1929 the synagogue was closed and later rebuilt and used for secular purposes.

## History

[edit]

In the mid-19th century, a settlement of Mountain Jews, probably migrated from Dagestan, appeared in Grozny on the right bank of the  Sunzha River. By 1866, 453 men and 475 women of Jewish origin lived there. In 1875, a prayer house was built in the settlement, almost on the riverbank. In 1900, a flood destroyed the prayer house. That same year, construction of a synagogue began on the same site, which was completed two years later, in 1902.[1][2] It was replaced by a large domed synagogue, built of brick, located between the Persian mosque and the Mitnikov bathhouse. As of 1883, there were 2 synagogues in Grozny.[3]

In the early 1930s, during the period of religious persecution, the Soviet government closed the synagogue. Then, the building was rebuilt, adding a second floor. In 1937, a music school was opened in this building. The dome of the building was subsequently demolished. In the 1970s - 1990s, a music college was in the synagogue. The building was destroyed during the First Chechen War.

## See also

[edit]

* Jewish Quarter of Grozny
* History of the Jews in Russia
* List of synagogues in Russia

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Lydia Mikhalchenko. Shalom from Chechnya. kavkazr. October 13, 2018.
2. ^ CHECHNYA. What churches has Grozny irretrievably lost? Chechen Chronicles. January 1, 2020.
3. ^ List of populated areas of the Terek region: According to information as of January 1, 1883. Vladikavkaz, 1885. elib. May 3, 2017.

## Literature

[edit]

* Satsita Israilova. Stories told by the temple: temples in the territory of Grozny // Archival Bulletin. - 2017. No. 5. ISSN: 978-5-6040381-2-3.
* Judah Chorny. Mountain Jews // Collection of information about the Caucasian highlanders. Issue III. Tiflis, 1870.
* Ilya Anisimov. "Caucasian Mountain Jews", 1888.
* Kazakov A. I., "The City of Grozny". Popular essays and histories of Checheno-Ingushetia. Publ. 1984.
* Elizarov Mikhail (Moisey) Shavadovich. Community of * Mountain Jews of Chechnya. Israel: Mirvori, 2012. p. 232.
* Havan D. M, Cherny I. Ya. From the cultural past of the Caucasian Jews. Jews in Chechnya. Grozny: Publ. Book, 1992. p. 48.

## External links

[edit]

* Media related to Grozny synagogue at Wikimedia Commons
* The main Jew of the North Caucasus: how and for whom a synagogue was not built in Chechnya.

* v
* t
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Synagogues in Russia

Active|

* Beit T'shuva (Birobidzhan)
* Birobidzhan
* Irkutsk
* Kazan
* Makhachkala
* Mariinsk
* Moscow
* Bolshaya Bronnaya
* Choral
* Holocaust Memorial
* Maryina Roshcha
* Nizhny Novgorod
* Artisans' (Rostov)
* Soldier (Rostov)
* Grand Choral (Saint Petersburg)
* Choral (Samara)
* Tomsk Choral
* Vladivostok
* Volgograd
* Voronezh
* Yekaterinburg

Former|

| Destroyed
(no longer standing)|

* Derbent
* Grozny
* Königsberg

|

Abandoned or repurposed
(still standing)|

* Buynaksk
* Choral (Rostov)
* Choral (Smolensk)
* Choral (Volgograd)

* List of synagogues
* List of wooden synagogues

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