Gustavo Santaolalla

Argentine composer

"Santaolalla" redirects here. For other uses, see Santaolalla (disambiguation).

Gustavo Santaolalla

Santaolalla in 2022

Background information
Birth name| Gustavo Alfredo Santaolalla
Also known as| Moviola
Born|  (1951-08-19) 19 August 1951 (age 73)
El Palomar, Argentina
Origin| Buenos Aires, Argentina
Genres|

* Latin rock
* tango
* film score

Occupations|

* Composer
* music producer
* musician

Instruments|

* Vocals
* guitar
* banjo
* ronroco

Years active| 1967–present
Member of| Bajofondo
Formerly of| Arco Iris

Musical artist

Gustavo Alfredo Santaolalla (Spanish: [ɡusˈtaβo alˈfɾeðo santaoˈlaʝa]; born 19 August 1951) is an Argentine composer, record producer and musician. Known for his minimalist approach to composing, he has received numerous accolades for his works and is known for his influence in several Latin rock music genres.

Involved in music from a young age, he began a professional career in 1967 founding the band Arco Iris, an influential band to the genre rock nacional. Fleeing the rule of the Argentine military junta and the dictatorship of the National Reorganization Process, Santaolalla moved to Los Angeles in the United States in 1978. After returning to Argentina in the 1980s and taking a musical sabbatical, he became a leading figure in the rock en español movement, and established the neotango group Bajofondo in 2001. Music from his 1998 solo album Ronroco caught the attention of filmmakers and led to a career expansion into film scores, beginning with Amores perros (2000), 21 Grams (2003), and The Motorcycle Diaries (2004).

Santaolalla rose to fame for creating the scores for Brokeback Mountain (2005) and Babel (2006), for which he received two Academy Awards for Best Original Score in consecutive years. Santaolalla further gained recognition for his work on The Last of Us game series, composing the 2013 title and its 2020 sequel. He composed his first animated film, The Book of Life (2014). Santaolalla returned to reprise his themes and co-compose the score for the 2023 television adaptation of The Last of Us.

## Early life

[edit]

Gustavo Alfredo Santaolalla was born in El Palomar, Argentina on 19 August 1951.[1] Santaolalla was born to a stay-at-home mother and a father working in the advertising industry for J. Walter Thompson.[2] His family has roots in Spain; his grandfather was Andalusian and his grandmother was Basque.[3] When Santaolalla was five, he was given his first guitar by his grandmother for his birthday;[2] he "immediately connected in a sort of a spiritual level with the music",[4] and began musical tutelage with a hired teacher.[2] When he was ten, his teacher declined to continue attempting to educate him; according to Santaolalla, the teacher told his mother "his ear is stronger than my music".[4]

In his pre-teenage years, Santaolalla wrote songs in English which "mimick[ed]" the music of bands like the Beatles;[4] at twelve, he was gifted his first electric guitar.[2] In his teenage years, Santaolalla had aspired to become a musician such that he designed a logo for a record label he had dreamed of owning.[5] By 1966, Santaolalla—just 15—had been arrested by the military juntas governing Argentina,[2] according to him because he had long hair and played an electric guitar, despite not partaking in drugs or being involved in political activities.[4] The first of these times, his father arrived to collect him, questioning the authorities about what crime Gustavo had committed.[2] The arrests continued throughout his adolescence.[2]

## Career

[edit]

### 1967–2001: Early career and bands

[edit]

Santaolalla in 1971

Santaolalla's music career began in 1967 when he co-founded the group Arco Iris,[5] a rock band that helped create rock nacional, a genre that blends Argentine folk music and Latin American rhythms.[4] He played guitar and sang in the band, which included wind instrument playe Ara Tokatlian, bass player Guillermo Bordarampé, percussionist Horacio Gianello, and their vocalist Danais Winnycka, who became their spiritual guide.[6] The group lived a communal lifestyle, practicing celibacy, vegetarianism and were engaged with Eastern religions.[2] The band rose to prominence with the song "Mañana campestre" from their third album Tiempo de Resurrección.[6] After seven albums, Santaolalla left following a disagreement with Tokatlian,[6] and amid concerns that arose with Santaolalla halfway through their existence that "any group that is so inner directed runs the risk of turning into a cult".[2] Santaolalla thereafter founded the hard rock group Soluna.[2][6] With the 1976 Argentine coup d'état, Santaolalla experienced hard times under the National Reorganization Process, and moved to Los Angeles, California in 1978, living undocumented for several years.[4] He formed the group Wet Picnic, but had no commercial success with them.[5]

Santaolalla (left) with León Gieco (right) in 1985

In the mid 1980s, Santaolalla was able to return to Argentina, and on one trip, he began travelling the rural country with his friend, the folk musician León Gieco.[4] This venture was called "De Ushuaia a la Quiaca", respectively referring to the southernmost and northernmost towns in Argentina, Ushuaia and La Quiaca.[5] In four years, he and Gieco travelled from northern Argentina to Tierra del Fuego, near Antarctica; his embrace of intrinsic styles of music caused them to become prevalent in his work, namely the ten-string Andean instrument called the ronroco.[4] Santaolalla became a leading figure of the Mexico-based rock en español movement around this time;[5] The Los Angeles Times described his contribution to Latin rock music as becoming "the most transcendent producer" in its history.[7] Santaolalla collaborated with co-producer Aníbal Kerpel on albums for numerous artists, including Café Tacvba, Maldita Vecindad, Julieta Venegas, Molotov, and Juanes;[7] Santaolalla said he produced over 100 records at that point in time.[5][8] In 1998, he released the album Ronroco, consisting of solo works recorded over 14 years,[5] and featuring the titular instrument alongside the charango and the Andean pan flute.[4] Santolalla formed the neotango group Bajofondo in 2001, for whom he plays guitar.[5]

### 2000–2013: Rise to fame with film scores

[edit]

Santaolalla in 2008

The attention that Santaolalla's record Ronroco attained led to a career expansion into composing film scores.[7] American director Michael Mann first used Santaolalla's song "Iguazu" in his film The Insider (1999).[5] Mexican director Alejandro González Iñárritu heard Ronroco, leading him to ask Santaolalla to compose his films Amores perros (2000) and 21 Grams (2003),[5] creating a recurring collaboration between the two.[9] Of this transition into scores, Santaolalla said he had "no plan, no master plan. But I always had this love for films".[4] He also scored Walter Salles's The Motorcycle Diaries (2004).[5]

Santaolalla provided the instrumental music for the soundtrack to the 2005 film Brokeback Mountain.[5] Director Ang Lee sought a sparse and "yearning" sound for the film, and sent Santaolalla a script. Two weeks later, he received a CD of new compositions for the film—unaware that Santaolalla composed music during early pre-production for films, he mistook this for reference music.[5] According to Santaolalla, he composed 100% of the score before principal photography began.[8] From Brokeback Mountain, Santaolalla composed "A Love That Will Never Grow Old", which won the 2006 Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song.[10] Santaolalla composed the score to the 2006 film Babel, another collaboration with Iñárritu.[9]

Santaolalla's reception of the Academy Awards for Best Original Score for Brokeback Mountain in 2006 and for Babel in 2007 established him as a prominent composer of Hollywood films.[11] He was the co-producer of Calle 13's song "Tango del Pecado", a song from their album Residente o Visitante (2007).[12] On 12 June, 2008, Santaolalla was recognized as a BMI Icon during the 15th annual Latin Awards Ceremony.[13]

Santaolalla performing with Bajofondo in 2013

Santaolalla composed the score of the 2013 video game The Last of Us. During the initial development of the game, creative director Neil Druckmann and game director Bruce Straley compiled musical tracks that they found inspirational. When searching for a composer to work on the game's music, they realised that Santaolalla composed many of their compiled tracks; they asked "that sound guy" from Sony to reach out to the musician.[14] He was brought to the studio and was shown an early version of the game's first trailer and a full description of the game's plot; Druckmann remembers the composer's first words to them were "I want to be a part of this. Whatever it takes, I want to write for this".[15] Santaolalla had previously wanted to compose for video games and was approached by several other developers following his wins for Best Original Score at the Academy Awards, but he refused to work on projects without a focus on story and characters.[11] Santaolalla remembered that he sent Druckmann "batches of themes and music" for nearly three years;[16] to challenge himself, Santaolalla used a variety of unique instruments that were new to him, giving "an element of danger and innocence".[17] In November 2013, Santaolalla toured in Mexico with Bajofondo in support of the album Presente, at the 11th Festival de las Almas [es] in Valle de Bravo, at El Plaza Condesa [es], and 19th Festival de Calaveras [es] in Aguascalientes.[18]

### 2014–present: Continued work

[edit]

Santaolalla composed the music to the musical Arrabal, written by John Weidman and directed by Sergio Trujillo, which opened at the Panasonic Theatre in February 2014.[2] He composed the score to the 2014 film The Book of Life—his first animated film and the first time he worked with a large orchestra and choir.[19] Santaolalla used the marimba, accordion, with mariachi horns in the score, which he saw as a change from his usual minimalist style.[19] Santaolalla wrote songs with Paul Williams for the film; the two were already working on a musical adaptation of film director Guillermo del Toro's Pan's Labyrinth (2006).[20] Stars Diego Luna and Zoe Saldaña sang on the soundtrack, with their Hispanic accents retained—Santaolalla said that this, the authentic instrumentation, and the film's open depiction of life, death, and the underworld made this film "fantastic" and differentiated it from being watered down and tethered to Hollywood appeal.[21] In 2015, Santaolalla was inducted into the Latin Songwriters Hall of Fame by Williams, who serves as the president of ASCAP.[22][23]

Santaolalla returned to compose the score for The Last of Us Part II (2020), as he had done for the first game.[24] Naughty Dog tasked him to create emotional, character-based tracks, and he worked on the game for two to three years.[25] Santaolalla continued using the ronroco, his signature instrument used in the first game's theme, as he felt it enhanced main character Ellie's qualities through feminine sounds,[26] while he introduced a banjo for Abby's theme. He composed Part II's score around the banjo and an electric guitar, feeling the increased characters and complexities demanded more timbre.[11] Santaolalla worked with Gary Clark Jr. on the song "Valley of Last Resort", written for the documentary film Freak Power: The Ballot or the Bomb (2020). With lyrics written by Paul Williams, Clark and Santaolalla respectively play electric guitar and ronroco, and perform vocals together.[27]

Santaolalla returned to co-compose the score for the television adaptation of The Last of Us, which premiered in 2023.[28] He felt the "relationship that [fans] have with the music of the game" made his return inevitable and noted the music was so integral to the narrative that its absence would be akin to excluding lead characters Joel or Ellie.[16] Santaolalla primarily recrafted his previous work instead of creating new music, focusing on elements he found interesting.[29] He said some of his pieces fit perfectly while others were trimmed and edited to fit the scenes.[16] He treated the series as "an expansion" of the game and kept them tied to each other, not seeking to revise or correct previous work as he found it authentic.[30] Santaolalla had around 185 cues for the series,[30] associated with specific on-screen actions, like a character opening a door or getting in a car.[16] Santaolalla worked on the score with David Fleming, who selected specific instruments to compose with that paired appropriately with Santaolalla's work.[31]

In 2024, Santaolalla composed an original score for the October 25–27 screenings of the 1931 Spanish-language Dracula film at the United Theater in Los Angeles, commissioned by the Los Angeles Opera.[32] Santaolalla was interested in combining the traditional scoring method with an experimental musical approach—he knew nothing of this Spanish-language adaptation beforehand, and said that its lack of music made it languid—he felt his score's contribution to the showing would complement the characterization in the film.[7] Having an orchestra conducted by the Opera's resident conductor Lina González-Granados, Santaolalla composed the music beyond the orchestral portion with synthesisers and samplers, which he said improved the subharmonics and gave the score "potency". Santaolalla said that he maintained a feeling of "innocence" with the project, not feeling intimidated by the task in order to have fun, as the score would retain the "same melancholy touch that is ever present in everything I do".[7]

## Artistry

[edit]

Santaolalla performing in 2010

Santaolalla does not know how to read or write musical notation.[4] When he played music in his adolescence, Santaolalla would have to make sure he memorised all of the pieces he created and practised them so he would not forget, as he did not write them down in notation; in his teenage years, his parents bought him a tape recorder, and he began using this to collect his pieces. When working with an orchestra, Santaolalla still uses this method to notate, recording his compositions so an orchestrator can translate them to paper.[8]

Santaolalla typically begins composing music early in the production process of a film, according to the screenplay, something he says affords him a greater creative role in a film.[9] Santaolalla says this means he composes based on his relationship with the story and characters, and from conversations with the principal creatives of the production, and he adapts his work from there.[8]

## Credits

[edit]

Main article: List of works by Gustavo Santaolalla

## Accolades

[edit]

Main article: List of accolades received by Gustavo Santaolalla

## References

[edit]

1. ^ ""Ronroco": el viaje musical de Santaolalla cumple 25 años y se celebra con una edición remasterizada" ["Ronroco": Santaolalla's musical journey turns 25 and is celebrated with a remastered edition.]. Infobae (in Spanish). Daniel Hadad. 28 January 2024. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 22 March 2025.
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Ouzounian, Richard (7 February 2014). "Gustavo Santaolalla puts Argentina's history in Arrabal music". Toronto Star. Torstar. Archived from the original on 6 February 2024. Retrieved 20 March 2025.
3. ^ "Gustavo Santaolalla, a la captura del paisaje sonoro de Madrid" [Gustavo Santaolalla, capturing the soundscape of Madrid] (in Spanish). Agence France-Presse. 5 June 2024. Archived from the original on 5 June 2024. Retrieved 19 March 2025 - via La Nación.
4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Perez, Miguel; Douris, Raina (13 October 2023). "How Gustavo Santaolalla and his ronroco took the film industry by storm". NPR. Archived from the original on 25 November 2023. Retrieved 20 March 2025.
5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Rohter, Larry (14 August 2008). "Gustavo Santaolalla's Film Scores Are Minimalist and His Tango Is Newfangled". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
6. ^ a b c d Lladós, Gustavo (29 May 2023). "El emotivo reencuentro de Santaolalla con Arco Iris: del documental sobre la historia del grupo al mote de "las amas de casa del rock nacional"" [Santaolalla's emotional reunion with Arco Iris: from a documentary about the band's history to being dubbed "the housewives of Spanish rock."]. La Nación (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 31 May 2023. Retrieved 20 March 2025.
7. ^ a b c d e Lechner, Ernesto (23 October 2024). "Inside Gustavo Santaolalla's new Spanish 'Dracula' score for L.A. Opera's live show". Los Angeles Times. Nant Capital. Archived from the original on 3 December 2024. Retrieved 21 March 2025.
8. ^ a b c d Foster, Ashley (28 August 2023). "Emmy-Nominated 'Last of Us' Composer Gustavo Santaolalla on Discovering the Third Episode's Humanity: "It Was a Great Love Story"". The Hollywood Reporter. Eldridge Industries. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2025.
9. ^ a b c "Gustavo Santaolalla, Making Music For Both Stage and Screen". PBS NewsHour. 14 October 2009. Archived from the original on 23 September 2021. Retrieved 20 March 2025.
10. ^ "63rd Golden Globe Award Winners". Golden Globe Awards. Hollywood Foreign Press Association. 16 January 2006. Archived from the original on 15 April 2012. Retrieved 8 April 2011.
11. ^ a b c Peppiatt, Dom (12 July 2024). "The Last of Us has three main characters: Ellie, Joel and Gustavo Santaolalla's music". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 17 July 2024. Retrieved 13 August 2024.
12. ^ Burr, Ramiro (7 June 2007). "Calle 13 expands with tango and hip-hop". Chicago Tribune. Tribune Company. Archived from the original on 20 March 2025. Retrieved 3 October 2011.
13. ^ Cobo, Leila (24 March 2008). "Santaolalla To Be Honored As BMI Icon". Billboard. Nielsen N.V. Archived from the original on 22 March 2025. Retrieved 22 March 2025.
14. ^ "The Last Of Us: the definitive postmortem – spoilers be damned – Page 2 of 3". Edge. Future plc. 18 June 2013. p. 2\. Archived from the original on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 14 October 2014.
15. ^ Vore, Bryan (March 2012). Stead, Chris (ed.). "The Last of Us: A Long Road Ahead". Game Informer. No. 227\. GameStop. p. 60. Retrieved 19 March 2025 - via Internet Archive.
16. ^ a b c d Williams, Joe (23 March 2023). "Gustavo Santaolalla on the enduring power of The Last of Us". Composer Magazine. Spitfire Audio. Archived from the original on 25 March 2023. Retrieved 9 January 2025.
17. ^ Naughty Dog and Area 5 (2013). Grounded: Making The Last of Us. Sony Computer Entertainment. Event occurs at 47:11. Archived from the original on 15 March 2016. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
18. ^ Cruz Bárcenas, Arturo (13 October 2013). "Bajofondo no se pone límites para reinventarse: Gustavo Santaolalla" [Bajofondo sets no limits to reinvent itself: Gustavo Santaolalla]. La Jornada (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 22 March 2025. Retrieved 22 March 2025.
19. ^ a b Chagollan, Steve (23 October 2014). "'Book of Life' Score Represents a Series of Firsts for Composer Gustavo Santaolalla". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. Archived from the original on 30 July 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2025.
20. ^ Truitt, Brian (19 October 2014). "Paul Williams, Santaolalla do songs for 'Book of Life'". USA Today. Gannett. Archived from the original on 23 September 2020. Retrieved 21 March 2025.
21. ^ Lee, Ashley (28 October 2014). "How 'Book of Life' Added a Hispanic Touch to Covers of Mumford & Sons and Radiohead". The Hollywood Reporter. Eldridge Industries. Archived from the original on 1 February 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2025.
22. ^ Cobo, Leila (21 March 2015). "Latin Songwriters Hall of Fame Announces Inductees For Third Annual La Musa Awards". Billboard. Guggenheim Partners. Archived from the original on 19 August 2022. Retrieved 20 March 2025.
23. ^ Cobo, Leila (16 October 2025). "Latin Songwriters Hall of Fame Ceremony: Alejandra Guzman, Myriam Hernandez, Café Tacuba, Rita Moreno & More Perform". Billboard. Guggenheim Partners. Archived from the original on 9 April 2024. Retrieved 20 March 2025.
24. ^ Pereira, Chris (3 December 2016). "In The Last of Us: Part 2, You Play as Ellie". GameSpot. CBS Interactive. Archived from the original on 12 March 2017. Retrieved 4 December 2016.
25. ^ Gilbert, Ben (11 July 2020). "Inside the music of The Last of Us 2 with composer Gustavo Santaolalla". TechRadar. Future plc. Archived from the original on 11 July 2020. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
26. ^ Rao, Lorena (2 September 2020). "Dal premio Oscar per il cinema a The Last of Us 2, intervista al compositore Gustavo Santaolalla" [From the Oscar for cinema to The Last of Us 2, interview with composer Gustavo Santaolalla]. Fanpage.it (in Italian). Ciaopeople Media Group. Archived from the original on 5 October 2020. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
27. ^ Kreps, Daniel (30 October 2020). "Gary Clark Jr. Collaborates With Composer Gustavo Santaolalla on 'Valley of Last Resort'". Rolling Stone. Penske Media Corporation. Archived from the original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 21 March 2025.
28. ^ Reimann, Tom (12 March 2020). "'The Last of Us' Game Composer Is Returning to Score the HBO Series". Collider. Complex Networks. Archived from the original on 15 March 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
29. ^ Anderson, Carys (27 February 2023). "The Last of Us Drops Massive Season 1 Soundtrack: Stream". Consequence. Archived from the original on 27 February 2023. Retrieved 28 February 2023.
30. ^ a b Miller, Liz Shannon (28 February 2023). "The Last of Us Composer Gustavo Santaolalla on How "Music Is Entwined With the Story"". Consequence. Archived from the original on 1 March 2023. Retrieved 24 March 2023.
31. ^ Shachat, Sarah (14 March 2023). "'The Last of Us' Score Finds Meaning in Silence". IndieWire. Penske Media Corporation. Archived from the original on 14 March 2023. Retrieved 24 March 2023.
32. ^ Barnes, Mike (4 October 2024). "LA Opera Presenting 1931 Spanish-Language 'Dracula' With Live Orchestra, New Gustavo Santaolalla Score". The Hollywood Reporter. Eldridge Industries. Archived from the original on 7 October 2024. Retrieved 21 March 2025.

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gustavo Santaolalla.

* Gustavo Santaolalla at AllMusic
* Gustavo Santaolalla at IMDb
* Interviews at NPR
* I've Always Been Obsessed By Identity: An Interview With Gustavo Santoalalla Archived 1 April 2015 at the Wayback Machine

Awards for Gustavo Santaolalla

* v
* t
* e

Academy Award for Best Original Score

1930s|

* Louis Silvers (1934)
* Max Steiner (1935)
* Leo F. Forbstein (1936)
* Charles Previn (1937)
* Erich Wolfgang Korngold / Alfred Newman (1938)
* Herbert Stothart / Richard Hageman, W. Franke Harling, John Leipold and Leo Shuken (1939)

1940s|

* Leigh Harline, Paul J. Smith and Ned Washington / Alfred Newman (1940)
* Bernard Herrmann / Frank Churchill and Oliver Wallace (1941)
* Max Steiner / Ray Heindorf and Heinz Roemheld (1942)
* Alfred Newman / Ray Heindorf (1943)
* Max Steiner / Morris Stoloff and Carmen Dragon (1944)
* Miklos Rozsa / Georgie Stoll (1945)
* Hugo Friedhofer / Morris Stoloff (1946)
* Miklos Rozsa / Alfred Newman (1947)
* Brian Easdale / Johnny Green and Roger Edens (1948)
* Aaron Copland / Roger Edens and Lennie Hayton (1949)

1950s|

* Franz Waxman / Adolph Deutsch and Roger Edens (1950)
* Franz Waxman / Johnny Green and Saul Chaplin (1951)
* Dimitri Tiomkin / Alfred Newman (1952)
* Bronislau Kaper / Alfred Newman (1953)
* Dimitri Tiomkin / Adolph Deutsch and Saul Chaplin (1954)
* Alfred Newman / Robert Russell Bennett, Jay Blackton and Adolph Deutsch (1955)
* Victor Young / Alfred Newman and Ken Darby (1956)
* Malcolm Arnold (1957)
* Dimitri Tiomkin / Andre Previn (1958)
* Miklos Rozsa / Andre Previn and Ken Darby (1959)

1960s|

* Ernest Gold / Morris Stoloff and Harry Sukman (1960)
* Henry Mancini / Saul Chaplin, Johnny Green, Sid Ramin and Irwin Kostal (1961)
* Maurice Jarre / Ray Heindorf (1962)
* John Addison / Andre Previn (1963)
* Richard M. Sherman and Robert B. Sherman / Andre Previn (1964)
* Maurice Jarre / Irwin Kostal (1965)
* John Barry / Ken Thorne (1966)
* Elmer Bernstein / Alfred Newman and Ken Darby (1967)
* John Barry / Johnny Green (1968)
* Burt Bacharach / Lennie Hayton and Lionel Newman (1969)

1970s|

* Francis Lai / The Beatles (John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr) (1970)
* Michel Legrand / John Williams (1971)
* Charlie Chaplin, Raymond Rasch and Larry Russell / Ralph Burns (1972)
* Marvin Hamlisch / Marvin Hamlisch (1973)
* Nino Rota and Carmine Coppola / Nelson Riddle (1974)
* John Williams / Leonard Rosenman (1975)
* Jerry Goldsmith / Leonard Rosenman (1976)
* John Williams / Jonathan Tunick (1977)
* Giorgio Moroder / Joe Renzetti (1978)
* Georges Delerue / Ralph Burns (1979)

1980s|

* Michael Gore (1980)
* Vangelis (1981)
* John Williams / Henry Mancini and Leslie Bricusse (1982)
* Bill Conti / Michel Legrand, Alan and Marilyn Bergman (1983)
* Maurice Jarre / Prince (1984)
* John Barry (1985)
* Herbie Hancock (1986)
* Ryuichi Sakamoto, David Byrne and Cong Su (1987)
* Dave Grusin (1988)
* Alan Menken (1989)

1990s|

* John Barry (1990)
* Alan Menken (1991)
* Alan Menken (1992)
* John Williams (1993)
* Hans Zimmer (1994)
* Luis Bacalov / Alan Menken and Stephen Schwartz (1995)
* Gabriel Yared / Rachel Portman (1996)
* James Horner / Anne Dudley (1997)
* Nicola Piovani / Stephen Warbeck (1998)
* John Corigliano (1999)

2000s|

* Tan Dun (2000)
* Howard Shore (2001)
* Elliot Goldenthal (2002)
* Howard Shore (2003)
* Jan A. P. Kaczmarek (2004)
* Gustavo Santaolalla (2005)
* Gustavo Santaolalla (2006)
* Dario Marianelli (2007)
* A. R. Rahman (2008)
* Michael Giacchino (2009)

2010s|

* Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross (2010)
* Ludovic Bource (2011)
* Mychael Danna (2012)
* Steven Price (2013)
* Alexandre Desplat (2014)
* Ennio Morricone (2015)
* Justin Hurwitz (2016)
* Alexandre Desplat (2017)
* Ludwig Göransson (2018)
* Hildur Guðnadóttir (2019)

2020s|

* Trent Reznor, Atticus Ross and Jon Batiste (2020)
* Hans Zimmer (2021)
* Volker Bertelmann (2022)
* Ludwig Göransson (2023)
* Daniel Blumberg (2024)

* v
* t
* e

Annie Award for Outstanding Achievement for Music in an Animated Television/Broadcast Production

* Alf Clausen (1997)
* Alf Clausen and Ken Keeler (1998)
* Randy Rogel (1999)
* Alf Clausen (2000)
* Thomas Chase, Steve Rucker and James L. Venable (2001)
* James L. Venable (2002)
* Alf Clausen, Ian Maxtone-Graham and Ken Keeler (2003)
* Robert J. Kral (2004)
* James L. Venable and Jennifer Kes Remington (2005)
* James L. Venable and Jennifer Kes Remington (2006)
* Alf Clausen and Michael Price (2007)
* Henry Jackman, Hans Zimmer and John Powell (2008)
* Guy Moon (2009)
* Jeremy Wakefield, Sage Guyton, Nick Carr and Tuck Tucker (2010)
* Grace Potter and Michael Giacchino (2011)
* John Paesano (2012)
* Christopher Willis (2013)
* Christopher Willis (2014)
* Christopher Willis (2015)
* Scot Stafford, Alexis Harte and JJ Wiesler (2016)
* Christopher Willis (2017)
* Christopher Willis (2018)
* Rob Cairns (2019)
* Kevin Kiner (2020)
* Tim Davies and Gustavo Santaolalla (2021)
* Ego Plum, Dave Wasson and Cosmo Segurson (2022)
* Markus Wormstorm, Nadia Darries and Dineo du Toit (2023)
* Ryan Jillian Santiago, Alexander Seaver and Simon Wilcox (2024)

* v
* t
* e

BAFTA Award for Best Original Music

1968–2000|

* John Barry (1968)
* Mikis Theodorakis (1969)
* Burt Bacharach (1970)
* Michel Legrand (1971)
* Nino Rota (1972)
* Alan Price (1973)
* Richard Rodney Bennett (1974)
* John Williams (1975)
* Bernard Herrmann (1976)
* John Addison (1977)
* John Williams (1978)
* Ennio Morricone (1979)
* John Williams (1980)
* Carl Davis (1981)
* John Williams (1982)
* Ryuichi Sakamoto (1983)
* Ennio Morricone (1984)
* Maurice Jarre (1985)
* Ennio Morricone (1986)
* Ennio Morricone (1987)
* John Williams (1988)
* Maurice Jarre (1989)
* Andrea and Ennio Morricone (1990)
* Jean-Claude Petit (1991)
* David Hirschfelder (1992)
* John Williams (1993)
* Don Was (1994)
* Luis Bacalov (1995)
* Gabriel Yared (1996)
* Nellee Hooper, Craig Armstrong, and Marius de Vries (1997)
* David Hirschfelder (1998)
* Thomas Newman (1999)
* Tan Dun (2000)

2001–present|

* Craig Armstrong and Marius de Vries (2001)
* Philip Glass (2002)
* T Bone Burnett and Gabriel Yared (2003)
* Gustavo Santaolalla (2004)
* John Williams (2005)
* Gustavo Santaolalla (2006)
* Christopher Gunning (2007)
* A. R. Rahman (2008)
* Michael Giacchino (2009)
* Alexandre Desplat (2010)
* Ludovic Bource (2011)
* Thomas Newman (2012)
* Steven Price (2013)
* Alexandre Desplat (2014)
* Ennio Morricone (2015)
* Justin Hurwitz (2016)
* Alexandre Desplat (2017)
* Bradley Cooper, Lady Gaga, and Lukas Nelson (2018)
* Hildur Guðnadóttir (2019)
* Jon Batiste, Trent Reznor, and Atticus Ross (2020)
* Hans Zimmer (2021)
* Volker Bertelmann (2022)
* Ludwig Göransson (2023)
* Daniel Blumberg (2024)

* v
* t
* e

Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Original Score

1990s|

* Michael Nyman (1993)
* Randy Newman (1994)
* Hans Zimmer (1995)
* Carter Burwell (1996)
* James Horner (1997)
* Burkhard Dallwitz (1998)
* Trey Parker and Marc Shaiman (1999)

2000s|

* Tan Dun (2000)
* Howard Shore (2001)
* Elmer Bernstein (2002)
* Howard Shore (2003)
* Howard Shore (2004)
* Gustavo Santaolalla (2005)
* Clint Mansell (2006)
* Glen Hansard and Markéta Irglová (2007)
* Thomas Newman (2008)
* Michael Giacchino (2009)

2010s|

* Clint Mansell (2010)
* Cliff Martinez (2011)
* Jonny Greenwood (2012)
* Arcade Fire (2013)
* Micachu (2014)
* Ennio Morricone (2015)
* Micachu (2016)
* Jonny Greenwood (2017)
* Nicholas Britell (2018)
* Alexandre Desplat (2019)

2020s|

* Trent Reznor, Atticus Ross, and Jon Batiste (2020)
* Jonny Greenwood (2021)
* Justin Hurwitz (2022)
* Robbie Robertson (2023)
* Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross (2024)

* v
* t
* e

Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song

1960s|

* "Town Without Pity" – Music by Dimitri Tiomkin; Lyrics by Ned Washington (1961)
* No Award (1962)
* No Award (1963)
* "Circus World" – Music by Dimitri Tiomkin; Lyrics by Ned Washington (1964)
* "Forget Domani" – Music by Riz Ortolani; Lyrics by Norman Newell (1965)
* "Strangers in the Night" – Music by Bert Kaempfert; Lyrics by Charles Singleton and Eddie Snyder (1966)
* "If Ever I Would Leave You" – Music by Frederick Loewe; Lyrics by Alan Jay Lerner (1967)
* "The Windmills of Your Mind" – Music by Michel Legrand; Lyrics by Alan and Marilyn Bergman (1968)
* "Jean" – Music and lyrics by Rod McKuen (1969)

1970s|

* "Whistling Away the Dark" – Music by Henry Mancini; Lyrics by Johnny Mercer (1970)
* "Life Is What You Make It" – Music by Marvin Hamlisch; Lyrics by Johnny Mercer (1971)
* "Ben" – Music by Walter Scharf; Lyrics by Don Black (1972)
* "The Way We Were" – Music by Marvin Hamlisch; Lyrics by Alan and Marilyn Bergman (1973)
* "I Feel Love" – Music by Euel Box; Lyrics by Betty Box (1974)
* "I'm Easy" – Music and lyrics by Keith Carradine (1975)
* "Evergreen" – Music by Barbra Streisand; Lyrics by Paul Williams (1976)
* "You Light Up My Life" – Music and lyrics by Joseph Brooks (1977)
* "Last Dance" – Music and lyrics by Paul Jabara (1978)
* "The Rose" – Music and lyrics by Amanda McBroom (1979)

1980s|

* "Fame" – Music by Michael Gore; Lyrics by Dean Pitchford (1980)
* "Arthur's Theme (Best That You Can Do)" – Music and lyrics by Peter Allen, Burt Bacharach, Christopher Cross, and Carole Bayer Sager (1981)
* "Up Where We Belong" – Music by Jack Nitzsche and Buffy Sainte-Marie; Lyrics by Wilbur Jennings (1982)
* "Flashdance... What a Feeling" – Music by Giorgio Moroder; Lyrics by Irene Cara and Keith Forsey (1983)
* "I Just Called to Say I Love You" – Music and lyrics by Stevie Wonder (1984)
* "Say You, Say Me" – Music and lyrics by Lionel Richie (1985)
* "Take My Breath Away" – Music by Giorgio Moroder; Lyrics by Tom Whitlock (1986)
* "(I've Had) The Time of My Life" – Music by John DeNicola and Donald Markowitz; Lyrics by Franke Previte (1987)
* "Let the River Run" – Music and lyrics by Carly Simon / "Two Hearts" – Music by Lamont Dozier; Lyrics by Phil Collins (1988)
* "Under the Sea" – Music by Alan Menken; Lyrics by Howard Ashman (1989)

1990s|

* "Blaze of Glory" – Music and lyrics by Jon Bon Jovi (1990)
* "Beauty and the Beast" – Music by Alan Menken; Lyrics by Howard Ashman (1991)
* "A Whole New World" – Music by Alan Menken; Lyrics by Tim Rice (1992)
* "Streets of Philadelphia" – Music and lyrics by Bruce Springsteen (1993)
* "Can You Feel the Love Tonight" – Music by Elton John; Lyrics by Tim Rice (1994)
* "Colors of the Wind" – Music by Alan Menken; Lyrics by Stephen Schwartz (1995)
* "You Must Love Me" – Music by Andrew Lloyd Webber; Lyrics by Tim Rice (1996)
* "My Heart Will Go On" – Music by James Horner; Lyrics by Wilbur Jennings (1997)
* "The Prayer" – Music and lyrics by David Foster, Tony Renis, Carole Bayer Sager, and Alberto Testa (1998)
* "You'll Be in My Heart" – Music and lyrics by Phil Collins (1999)

2000s|

* "Things Have Changed" – Music and lyrics by Bob Dylan (2000)
* "Until..." – Music and lyrics by Sting (2001)
* "The Hands That Built America" – Music and lyrics by Bono, Adam Clayton, The Edge, and Larry Mullen Jr. (2002)
* "Into the West" – Music and Lyrics by Annie Lennox, Howard Shore, and Frances Walsh (2003)
* "Old Habits Die Hard" – Music and lyrics by Mick Jagger and David A. Stewart (2004)
* "A Love That Will Never Grow Old" – Music by Gustavo Santaolalla; Lyrics by Bernie Taupin (2005)
* "The Song of the Heart" – Music and lyrics by Prince Rogers Nelson (2006)
* "Guaranteed" – Music and lyrics by Eddie Vedder (2007)
* "The Wrestler" – Music and lyrics by Bruce Springsteen (2008)
* "The Weary Kind" – Music and lyrics by Ryan Bingham and T Bone Burnett (2009)

2010s|

* "You Haven't Seen the Last of Me" – Music and lyrics by Diane Warren (2010)
* "Masterpiece" – Music and lyrics by Madonna, Julie Frost, and Jimmy Harry (2011)
* "Skyfall" – Music and lyrics by Adele Adkins and Paul Epworth (2012)
* "Ordinary Love" – Music and lyrics by Bono, Adam Clayton, the Edge, Larry Mullen Jr., and Danger Mouse (2013)
* "Glory" – Music and lyrics by Common and John Legend (2014)
* "Writing's on the Wall" – Music and lyrics by Sam Smith and Jimmy Napes (2015)
* "City of Stars" – Music by Justin Hurwitz; Lyrics by Benj Pasek and Justin Paul (2016)
* "This Is Me" – Music and lyrics by Benj Pasek and Justin Paul (2017)
* "Shallow" – Music and lyrics by Lady Gaga, Mark Ronson, Anthony Rossomando, and Andrew Wyatt (2018)
* "(I'm Gonna) Love Me Again" – Music by Elton John; Lyrics by Bernie Taupin (2019)

2020s|

* "Io sì (Seen)" – Music by Diane Warren; Lyrics by Diane Warren, Laura Pausini, and Niccolò Agliardi (2020)
* "No Time to Die" – Music and lyrics by Billie Eilish and Finneas O'Connell (2021)
* "Naatu Naatu" – Music by M. M. Keeravani; Lyrics by Chandrabose (2022)
* "What Was I Made For?" – Music and lyrics by Billie Eilish O'Connell and Finneas O'Connell (2023)
* "El Mal" – Music by Clément Ducol and Camille; Lyrics by Clément Ducol, Camille, and Jacques Audiard (2024)

* Complete List
* (1960s)
* (1970s)
* (1980s)
* (1990s)
* (2000s)
* (2010s)
* (2020s)

* v
* t
* e

Latin Grammy Award for Producer of the Year

2000s|

* Emilio Estefan (2000)
* K. C. Porter (2001)
* Kike Santander (2002)
* Bebu Silvetti (2003)
* Javier Limón (2004)
* Gustavo Santaolalla (2005)
* Cachorro López (2006)
* Sebastian Krys (2007)
* Sergio George (2008)
* Cachorro López (2009)

2010s|

* Jorge Calandrelli and Gregg Field / Sergio George (2010)
* Rafael Arcaute and Calle 13 (2011)
* Juan Luis Guerra (2012)
* Sergio George (2013)
* Sergio George (2014)
* Sebastian Krys (2015)
* Rafael Arcaute (2016)
* Eduardo Cabra (2017)
* Linda Briceño (2018)
* Tony Succar (2019)

2020s|

* Andrés Torres and Mauricio Rengifo (2020)
* Édgar Barrera (2021)
* Julio Reyes Copello (2022)
* Édgar Barrera (2023)
* Édgar Barrera (2024)

* v
* t
* e

Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Original Score

* Randy Newman (1998)
* Marc Shaiman (1999)
* Clint Mansell (2000)
* Angelo Badalamenti (2001)
* Elmer Bernstein (2002)
* Howard Shore (2003)
* Michael Giacchino (2004)
* Gustavo Santaolalla (2005)
* Clint Mansell (2006)
* Jonny Greenwood (2007)
* James Newton Howard and Hans Zimmer (2008)
* Michael Giacchino (2009)
* Nicholas Britell (2018)
* Michael Abels (2019)
* Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross (2020)
* Jonny Greenwood (2021)
* Carter Burwell (2022)
* Ludwig Göransson (2023)
* Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross (2024)

* v
* t
* e

Satellite Award for Best Original Score

* Gabriel Yared (1996)
* James Horner (1997)
* Hans Zimmer (1998)
* Danny Elfman (1999)
* Hans Zimmer (2000)
* Craig Armstrong (2001)
* Elliot Goldenthal (2002)
* Hans Zimmer (2003)
* John Swihart (2004)
* Harry Gregson-Williams (2005)
* Gustavo Santaolalla (2006)
* Alberto Iglesias (2007)
* A. R. Rahman (2008)
* Rolfe Kent (2009)
* Hans Zimmer (2010)
* Marco Beltrami (2011)
* Alexandre Desplat (2012)
* Steven Price (2013)
* Antonio Sánchez (2014)
* Carter Burwell (2015)
* Justin Hurwitz (2016)
* Rupert Gregson-Williams (2017)
* Justin Hurwitz (2018)
* Hildur Guðnadóttir (2019)
* Alexandre Desplat (2020)
* Hans Zimmer (2021)
* Justin Hurwitz (2022)
* Laura Karpman (2023)
* Clément Ducol and Camille (2024)

* v
* t
* e

Satellite Award for Best Original Song

1990s|

* "You Must Love Me" – Music by Andrew Lloyd Webber; Lyrics by Tim Rice (1996)
* "My Heart Will Go On" – Music by James Horner; Lyrics by Will Jennings (1997)
* "I Don't Want to Miss a Thing" – Music and Lyrics by Diane Warren (1998)
* "When She Loved Me" – Music and Lyrics by Randy Newman (1999)

2000s|

* "I've Seen It All" – Music by Björk; Lyrics by Sjón and Lars von Trier (2000)
* "All Love Can Be" – Music by James Horner; Lyrics by Will Jennings (2001)
* "Something to Talk About" – Music and Lyrics by Badly Drawn Boy (2002)
* "Siente Mi Amor (Feel My Love)" – Music and Lyrics by Robert Rodriguez (2003)
* "Million Voices" – Music and Lyrics by Wyclef Jean, Jerry 'Wonder' Duplessis, and Andrea Guerra (2004)
* "A Love That Will Never Grow Old" – Music by Gustavo Santaolalla; Lyrics by Bernie Taupin (2005)
* "You Know My Name" – Music and Lyrics by Chris Cornell (2006)
* "Grace is Gone" – Music by Clint Eastwood; Lyrics by Carole Bayer Sager (2007)
* "Another Way to Die" – Music and Lyrics by Jack White (2008)
* "The Weary Kind" – Music and Lyrics by Ryan Bingham and T Bone Burnett (2009)

2010s|

* "You Haven't Seen the Last of Me" – Music and Lyrics by Diane Warren (2010)
* "Lay Your Head Down" – Music by Brian Byrne; Lyrics by Glenn Close (2011)
* "Suddenly" – Music by Claude-Michel Schönberg; Lyrics by Alain Boublil and Herbert Kretzmer (2012)
* "Young and Beautiful" – Music and Lyrics by Lana Del Rey and Daniel Heath (2013)
* "We Will Not Go" – Music and Lyrics by J. Ralph (2014)
* "Til It Happens to You" – Music and Lyrics by Lady Gaga and Diane Warren (2015)
* "City of Stars" – Music by Justin Hurwitz; Lyrics by Benj Pasek and Justin Paul (2016)
* "Stand Up for Something" – Music by Diane Warren; Lyrics by Common and Diane Warren (2017)
* "Shallow" – Music and Lyrics by Lady Gaga, Mark Ronson, Anthony Rossomando, and Andrew Wyatt (2018)
* "(I'm Gonna) Love Me Again" – Music by Elton John; Lyrics by Bernie Taupin (2019)

2020s|

* "Io sì (Seen)" – Music and Lyrics by Niccolò Agliardi, Laura Pausini, and Diane Warren (2020)
* "Colombia, Mi Encanto" – Music and Lyrics by Lin-Manuel Miranda (2021)
* "Hold My Hand" – Music and Lyrics by Lady Gaga and BloodPop (2022)
* "What Was I Made For?" – Music and Lyrics by Billie Eilish and Finneas O'Connell (2023)
* "Mi Camino" – Music and Lyrics by Clément Ducol and Camille (2024)

* v
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* e

World Soundtrack Award for Best Original Song

2000s|

* "Come What May" – Written by David Baerwald and Kevin Gilbert (2001)
* "If I Didn't Have You" – Written by Randy Newman (2002)
* "The Hands That Built America" – Written by Adam Clayton, The Edge, Bono, and Larry Mullen, Jr. (2003)
* "You Will Be My Ain True Love" – Written by Alison Krauss and Sting (2004)
* "Old Habits Die Hard" – Written by Dave Stewart and Mick Jagger (2005)
* "Our Town" – Written by Randy Newman (2006)
* "You Know My Name" – Written by Chris Cornell and David Arnold (2007)
* "Down to Earth" – Written by Peter Gabriel and Thomas Newman (2008)
* "Jai Ho" – Written by A. R. Rahman, Gulzar, and Tanvi Shah (2009)

2010s|

* "The Weary Kind" – Written by Ryan Bingham and T Bone Burnett (2010)
* "We Belong Together" – Written by Randy Newman (2011)
* "Lay Your Head Down" – Written by Brian Byrne and Glenn Close (2012)
* "Skyfall" – Written by Adele and Paul Epworth (2013)
* "Happy" – Written by Pharrell Williams (2014)
* "The Apology Song" – Written by Gustavo Santaolalla and Paul Williams (2015)
* "None of Them Are You" – Written by Carter Burwell and Charlie Kaufman (2016)
* "City of Stars" – Written by Justin Hurwitz, Benj Pasek, and Justin Paul (2017)
* "Black Panther" – Written by Kendrick Duckworth, Mark Spears, Kevin Gomringer, Tim Gomringer, and Matt Schaeffer (2018)
* "Shallow" – Written by Lady Gaga, Andrew Wyatt, Anthony Rossomando, and Mark Ronson (2019)

2020s|

* "Stand Up" – Written by Joshuah Brian Campbell and Cynthia Erivo (2020)
* "Call Me Cruella" – Written by Nicholas Britell, Florence Welch, Steph Jones, Jordan Powers, and Taura Stinson (2021)
* "No Time to Die" – Written by Billie Eilish and Finneas O'Connell (2022)
* "Your Personal Trash Man Can" – Written by Thomas Mizer and Curtis Moore (2023)
* "What Was I Made For?" – Written by Billie Eilish and Finneas O'Connell (2024)

* v
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* e

World Soundtrack Award for Discovery of the Year

2000s|

* Craig Armstrong – Moulin Rouge! (2001)
* Klaus Badelt – The Time Machine (2002)
* Antônio Pinto – Cidade de Deus (2003)
* Gustavo Santaolalla – 21 Grams (2004)
* Michael Giacchino – The Incredibles (2005)
* Evanthia Reboutsika – My Father and My Son (2006)
* Daniel Tarrab and Andres Goldstein – Inheritance and XXY (2007)
* Marc Streitenfeld – American Gangster (2008)
* Nico Muhly – The Reader (2009)

2010s|

* Abel Korzeniowski – A Single Man (2010)
* Alex Heffes – The First Grader (2011)
* Brian Byrne – Albert Nobbs (2012)
* Dan Romer and Benh Zeitlin – Beasts of the Southern Wild (2013)
* Daniel Pemberton – The Counselor and Cuban Fury (2014)
* Antonio Sánchez – Birdman (2015)
* Joe Kraemer – Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation (2016)
* Nicholas Britell – Moonlight (2017)
* Tamar-kali – Mudbound (2018)
* Michael Abels – Us (2019)

2020s|

* Bryce Dessner – The Two Popes (2020)
* Nainita Desai – The Reason I Jump (2021)
* Eiko Ishibashi – Drive My Car (2022)
* Simon Franglen – Avatar: The Way of Water (2023)
* Jerskin Fendrix – Poor Things (2024)

* v
* t
* e

World Soundtrack Award – Public Choice

2000s|

* A.I. Artificial Intelligence – John Williams (2001)
* The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring – Howard Shore (2002)
* The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers – Howard Shore (2003)
* Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban – John Williams (2004)
* Alexander – Vangelis (2005)
* Brokeback Mountain – Gustavo Santaolalla (2006)
* The Fountain – Clint Mansell (2007)
* Aanrijding in Moscow – Tuur Florizoone (2008)
* Twilight – Carter Burwell (2009)

2010s|

* A Single Man – Abel Korzeniowski (2010)
* 127 Hours – A. R. Rahman (2011)
* W.E. – Abel Korzeniowski (2012)
* The Butterfly's Dream – Rahman Altin (2013)
* Marina – Michelino Bisceglia (2014)
* The Maze Runner – John Paesano (2015)
* Carol – Carter Burwell (2016)
* Viceroy's House – A. R. Rahman (2017)
* Nostalgia – Laurent Eyquem (2018)
* How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World – John Powell (2019)

2020s|

* Klaus – Alfonso G. Aguilar (2020)
* SAS: Red Notice – Benji Merrison (2021)
* The King's Daughter – Joseph Metcalfe, John Coda, and Grant Kirkhope (2022)
* Mr. Malcolm's List – Amelia Warner (2023)
* La Guerra dei Nonni – Umberto Scipione (2024)

* v
* t
* e

Bajofondo

* Gustavo Santaolalla
* Juan Campodónico
* Luciano Supervielle
* Martín Ferrés
* Verónica Loza
* Javier Casalla
* Gabriel Casacuberta
* Adrián Sosa

Studio albums|

* Bajofondo Tango Club
* Mar dulce

Other albums|

* Remixed

Singles|

* "Pa' Bailar"
* "El Mareo"

Related singles|

* "Tango del Pecado"

Authority control databases

International|

* ISNI
* VIAF
* FAST
* WorldCat

National|

* Germany
* United States
* France
* BnF data
* Italy
* Czech Republic
* Spain
* Netherlands
* Norway
* Latvia
* Croatia
* Argentina
* Poland
* Israel
* Catalonia

Artists|

* MusicBrainz
* Grammy Awards

People|

* Deutsche Biographie

Other|

* IdRef

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