Guyanese Americans

Americans of Guyanese birth or descent

Ethnic group

Guyanese AmericansTotal population

237,649 (2019)[1]
Regions with significant populations

* New York
* Pennsylvania
* Massachusetts
* Connecticut
* Rhode Island
* New Jersey
* Delaware
* Maryland
* North Carolina
* Virginia
* Georgia
* South Carolina
* Florida
* Minnesota
* Washington
* Colorado
* California
* Texas

Languages
English * Guyanese Creole * Guyanese Hindustani * Dutch * Portuguese * Chinese * Akawaio * Macushi * Waiwai * Arawak * Patamona * Warrau * Carib * Wapishana * Arekuna
Religion
Hinduism * Christianity * Islam
Related ethnic groups
Trinidadian and Tobagonian Americans * Surinamese Americans * Caribbean Americans * Indo-Caribbean Americans * Indian Americans * South Asian Americans * Afro-Caribbean Americans * African Americans * Chinese Americans * Portuguese Americans

Guyanese Americans are American people with Guyanese ancestry or immigrants who were born in Guyana. Guyana is home to people of many different national, ethnic and religious origins. As of 2019, there are 231,649 Guyanese Americans currently living in the United States. The majority of Guyanese live in New York City – some 140,000 – making them the fifth-largest foreign-born population in the city.[2]

## History

[edit]

After the independence of Guyana from the United Kingdom, in 1966, Guyanese immigration to the United States increased dramatically. Political and economic uncertainty, and the internal strife two years earlier as well as a radical change in US immigration policy opening up opportunities to non-Europeans prompted many Guyanese who could make the move to seek opportunities abroad. An average of 6,080 people a year emigrated from Guyana between 1969 and 1976, increasing to an average of 14,400 between 1976 and 1981.[3][4]

Many of the first Guyanese immigrants to the United States were of African descent. They were women who were recruited as domestic workers or nursing assistants.[5] Prior to the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 Guyanese of Asian descent faced immigration restrictions by the Asiatic Barred Zone. However, many Guyanese who had studied in the US in the mid 20th century or earlier stayed on in the US; although some like Cheddi Jagan returned to Guyana. Shirley Chisholm's father represents one of the earliest of Guyanese immigrants to the US during the 20th century; emigration from Guyana at that time was mostly to Caribbean or Commonwealth countries.[6]

Many Indo-Guyanese immigrants emigrated to New York City during the upheavals of the 1970s and 1980s, a group descended from the original Indian indentured servants that arrived to Guyana in the early 1800s after the abolishing of slavery by the British Empire.[7][8]

## Demographics

[edit]

The New York City Metropolitan Area is home to the largest Guyanese population in the United States.[9]

The United States has the highest number of Guyanese people outside of Guyana. The Guyanese-American community mostly consists of people of Indian and African origins although there are a few Indigenous Guyanese living in the United States.[10]

As of 1990, 80 percent of Guyanese Americans lived in the northeastern United States, especially around New York City, which is home to over 140,000 people of Guyanese descent.

Many Indo-Guyanese immigrants emigrated to New York City during the upheavals of the 1970s and 1980s and settled in South Richmond Hill. The 2000 census identified 24,662 people in Richmond Hill who were born in Guyana, the majority of whom were of Indian descent.[7] The large concentration of Indo-Guyanese residents in Richmond Hill and the neighboring South Ozone Park, has led the area along Liberty Avenue to be referred to as "Little Guyana", with the portion of the avenue being officially co-named Little Guyana Avenue in 2021.[11][12] The majority of NYC's Afro-Guyanese population lives in Brooklyn's West Indian neighborhoods, most notably Flatbush and Canarsie.[7]

Other areas in the U.S. with significant Guyanese populations include the northern New Jersey cities of Irvington, South Plainfield, Orange and East Orange; and parts of central Florida (Ocala, Orlando, Kissimmee, Southchase, Bay Hill, Clarcona, Minneola, Winter Garden, Winter Park, Windermere, Four Corners, Tampa, Brandon, Orlo Vista, Oakland, and Verona Walk) and southern Florida (Lauderhill, Sunrise, Plantation, Margate, Hollywood, Tamarac, Coral Springs, Oakland Park, Pembroke Pines, Miramar, Fort Lauderdale, North Lauderdale, Lauderdale Lakes, Coconut Creek, Parkland, The Acreage, Loxahatchee, West Palm Beach, Lake Worth Beach, Lantana, Wellington, Boynton Beach, Jupiter, Homestead, Cutler Bay, Miami Gardens, North Miami, and Port St. Lucie). Smaller populations can also be found in The Bronx, New York; Nassau County; Rockland County; Schenectady; Emerald Lakes; Olanta; Lincoln Park; and Bladensburg.[6]

Indo-Guyanese are mostly Hindu, but some are Muslims or Christians.[13][8]

## Politics

[edit]

Guyanese have organized many of the U.S. Caribbean organizations. There are many associations of nurses and police from Guyana. Although the group has not made a collective impact on U.S. national policy, they have organized, through their churches, with other ethnic groups to promote knowledge about and find solutions for the problems in their neighborhoods and have entered local politics.[6] Despite being the 5th largest immigrant group in NYC, there are no council members of Guyanese descent.[14]

Shirley Chisholm was the only Congresswoman of Guyanese descent in American history, as well as the first Black woman elected to the United States Congress.

Helen M. Marshall, who for three terms served as Borough President of Queens from 2002 to 2014, was born to Afro-Guyanese parents from British Guiana.[15]

## Associations

[edit]

Some of the associations are the Guyana Cultural Association of New York, Indo-Caribbean Alliance, The Indo-Caribbean Federation of North America, and the Association of Guyanese-Americans.[10][16][17] Around springtime, the Hindu Indo-Guyanese population in Richmond Hill, Queens traditionally hold a Phagwah Holi Festival and Celebration and during the time of Diwali they have a motorcade on Liberty Avenue with a show.[18]

## Relations with Guyana

[edit]

The Guyanese-American community has close ties with Guyana and sends financial aid back to family members. There are large ongoing academic exchanges between Guyana and the United States.[6] The Journal of the Caribbean is a Caribbean newspaper important to inform the Indo-Guyanese and other Caribbean groups of their achievements and inform them about the events in Guyana. This newspaper is published weekly and distributed throughout North America. The publications of these papers are written in English. However, there are also publications in other languages. Newspapers offer services to help people. In the newspaper there is tax air tickets and visa forms, applications and service support for the elderly, advertisements for charities for children in Guyana and India.[10]

## Notable people

[edit]

### Academics

[edit]

* Kerwin Kofi Charles

### Actors

[edit]

* Yaani King
* Dawnn Lewis
* Avi Nash
* Derek Luke[19]
* Nicole Narain – Model and actress
* C. C. H. Pounder
* Sean Patrick Thomas[19]
* Marsha Thomason

### Attorneys

[edit]

* Edon Warslie

### Business

[edit]

* Andrew Lokenauth – Finance
* Donnel Baird – Entrepreneur
* Edual Ahmad – Real estate[20]
* Stanley Praimnath (September 11 survivor)

### Historians

[edit]

* Ivan van Sertima
* Fred D'Aguiar

### Medicine

[edit]

* Deborah Persaud[3] – Virologist

### Other

[edit]

* Yonnette Fleming – Urban farmer

### Politicians

[edit]

* Shirley Chisholm
* Cheddi Jagan
* Mel King
* John L. Sampson[20]
* Jabari Brisport[21]
* Helen M. Marshall

### Pop culture

[edit]

* Rihanna (Guyanese mother)[19]
* Red Café
* Godfrey Cambridge
* Rafael Cameron
* Kevin Darlington
* Oscar Dathorne
* Smoke DZA
* Rhona Fox
* Alyce Fraser Denny
* Saint Jhn
* Aminta Kilawan (Guyanese parents) – Lawyer, activist and writer[22]
* Mel King
* Lord Jamar
* Dawnn Lewis
* Derek Luke (Guyanese father)
* Steve Massiah
* Thara Prashad
* Joy-Ann Reid (Guyanese mother)
* Alana Shipp
* Terry Gajraj
* "Princess Anisa" Singh (Guyanese parents)
* Leona Lewis (Guyanese father)
* Wendell Holland
* Giveon (Guyanese mother)
* 22Gz

### Sports

[edit]

* Maritza Correia[23] – Olympic swimmer
* Laura Creavalle[24] – Guyanese-born Canadian/American professional bodybuilder
* Ezekiel Jackson[25] – WWE professional wrestler and bodybuilder
* Mark Teixeira[26] – Major League baseball player, New York Yankees
* Darren Collison – NBA player son of two world class Guyanese athletes
* Warren Creavalle – Soccer player
* Calvin Ridley – NFL player for the Atlanta Falcons

### Visual artists

[edit]

* Theresa Chromati (born 1992) – painter
* Kennard Copeland (born 1966) – ceramic artist
* Suchitra Mattai (born 1973) – contemporary textile artist

### Writers

[edit]

* Kingsley O. Harrop-Williams
* Gaiutra Bahadur[5]
* Natalie Hopkinson[5]
* Rosalind Kilkenny McLymont[5]
* Princess Ariana Austin Makonnen

## See also

[edit]

* Guyana portal
* United States portal

* Guyanese people
* Caribbean Americans
* West Indian Americans
* African Americans
* Guyanese Britons
* Guyana–United States relations
* Caribbean immigration to New York City

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "American Community Survey 2019 - 1-Year Estimates - Table B04006". U.S. Census Bureau.
2. ^ "Population Analysis of Guyanese and Trinidadians in NYC". Indo-Caribbean Alliance. Indo-Caribbean Alliance, Inc. Retrieved 12 September 2019.
3. ^ a b NewsAmericas (2016-05-09). "10 Fast Facts About Guyanese Immigrants In The US You Should Know". Caribbean and Latin America Daily News. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
4. ^ CHOWTHI, NATASSAJA. "Changing Places and Questions of Identity: The Fluid Lives of First Generation Indo-Guyanese" (PDF). University of North Carolina at Greensboro Master's Thesis.
5. ^ a b c d Brooklyn, Downtown (2020-05-24). "Brooklyn's Guyana". Downtown Brooklyn. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
6. ^ a b c d Countries and Their Cultures-Guyanese American. Posted by Jacqueline A. McLeod. Retrieved June 10, 2011.
7. ^ a b c Berger, Joseph (2004-12-17). "Indian, Twice Removed". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
8. ^ a b "Schlep in the City: Little Guyana". The Gotham Center for New York City History. 5 July 2018. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
9. ^ "Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2011 Supplemental Table 2". U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Retrieved 2012-07-08.
10. ^ a b c Voices of new York. Posted by Brenda Mangru and Madhu Pillai. Retrieved June 25, 2011
11. ^ Cavanaugh, Ray (9 October 2014). "Little Guyana, an Indo-Guyanese enclave in Queens". Washington Post. Retrieved 12 September 2019.
12. ^ "Little Guyana Avenue Unveiled in Richmond Hill, Queens - CBS New York". CBS News. 29 May 2021.
13. ^ Academy, Himalayan. "Far from their Grandfather's India, a Determined Community". www.hinduismtoday.com. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
14. ^ Wang, Vivian (2017-08-11). "In Little Guyana, Proposed Cuts to Family Immigration Weigh Heavily". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
15. ^ NewsAmericas (2017-03-14). "Late Guyanese-American, NYC Politician To Be Remembered". News Americas Now - The Black Immigrant Daily. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
16. ^ "Guyana Cultural Association of NY Inc".
17. ^ Sooppersaud, Sam (18 October 2013). "The Indo-Caribbean Federation – Part One". Guyana Times International. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
18. ^ Semple, Kirk (2015-04-02). "A Traditional Hindu Spring Parade in Queens Is Canceled as Organizers Feud". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
19. ^ a b c "Stars you didn't know had Guyanese heritage". www.loopnewsbarbados.com. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
20. ^ a b Robbins, Liz (2017-10-20). "Power, Corruption and Murder Roil Little Guyana". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
21. ^ Jabari Brisport [@jabaribrisport] (August 21, 2020). "My family is Guyanese too! Solidarity" (Tweet) - via Twitter.
22. ^ "Aminta Kilawan is an Indo-Caribbean American lawyer, activist, and writer."[1][2][3]
23. ^ "born in Puerto Rico, but her parents are from Guyana."
24. ^ Guyana’s most decorated and successful bodybuilder
25. ^ "From: Gayana, South America"
26. ^ "My dad's dad grew up in British Guiana"

## Further reading

[edit]

* Dindayal, Vidur. Guyanese Achievers USA & Canada: A Celebration (New York: Trafford, 2011).
* McLeod, Jacqueline A. "Guyanese Americans." Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America, edited by Thomas Riggs, (3rd ed., vol. 2, Gale, 2014), pp. 293–303. online
* Palmer, Ransford W. In Search of a Better Life: Perspectives on Migration from the Caribbean (Praeger, 1990).
* Ramsaroop, Yuvraj. Realizing the American Dream: The Personal Triumph of a Guyanese Immigrant (2010).

## External links

[edit]

* Guyanese American Association
* Guyanese American Cultural: Florida central Association

* v
* t
* e

Guyanese diaspora

* Brazil
* Canada
* Toronto
* India
* Netherlands
* United Kingdom
* United States

* v
* t
* e

Caribbean Americans

Anglo-Caribbean|

* Antiguan and Barbudan
* Bahamian
* Barbadian
* Belizean
* Garifuna
* Bermudian
* Dominican (Dominica)
* Grenadian
* Guyanese
* Jamaican
* Kittian and Nevisian
* Saint Lucian
* Trinidadian and Tobagonian
* Vincentian

Americo-Caribbean|

* Puerto Rican
* Virgin Islands

Franco-Caribbean|

* Haitian
* Guadeloupean
* Martiniquan

Hispano-Caribbean|

* Cuban
* Dominican (Dominican Republic)
* Panamanian
* Puerto Rican

Dutch Caribbean|

* Dutch West Indians
* Surinamese

Ethnic groups|

* Indo-Caribbean Americans

* v
* t
* e

Demographics of the United States

Demographic history

Socioeconomic status

* Affluence
* Gender inequality
* Educational attainment
* Emigration
* Home-ownership
* Household income
* Housing segregation
* Immigration
* Income inequality
* Language
* LGBT
* Middle classes
* Personal income
* Poverty
* Racial inequality
* Race and health
* Racial achievement gap
* Racial wage gap
* Social class
* Standard of living
* Unemployment by state
* Wealth
* Ethnocultural politics

Religions

* Baha'is
* Buddhists
* Christians
* Catholics
* Coptics
* Mormons
* Protestants
* Hindus
* Jains
* Jews
* Muslims
* Ahmadiyyas
* Five Percenters
* Moorish Scientists
* Nation of Islam
* Value Creators
* Native American
* Neopagans
* Non-religious
* Rastafaris
* Scientologists
* Sikhs
* Zoroastrians

* v
* t
* e

Ancestry and ethnicity in the United States

General/miscellaneous ethno-racial classifications

| General groups|

* African Americans
* Asian Americans
* Native Americans
* Alaska Natives
* Pacific Islanders
* Native Hawaiians
* White/European Americans
* Non-Hispanic Whites
* Appalachians

|

Hispanic/Latino|

* Asian Latino
* Punjabi Mexicans
* Black Latino
* Blaxican
* Mestizo
* Puerto Ricans
* Stateside Puerto Ricans
* White Latino

Multiracial|

* Afro-Asian
* Amerasian
* Black Indians
* Blaxican
* Cajuns
* Creoles
* Hapa
* Melungeon
* Mestizo
* Mulatto
* Punjabi Mexicans

Aboriginal/Indigenous/Native Americans

| Alaskan|

* Aleutians
* Alutiiq
* Athabaskans
* Gwich'in
* Haida
* Iñupiat
* Tsimshian
* Tlingit
* Yupik

|

Californian|

* Cahuilla
* Chemehuevi
* Chumash
* Cupeño
* Diegueño
* Esselen
* Juaneño
* Kitanemuk
* Luiseño
* Miwok
* Patwin
* Pomo
* Salinan
* Serrano
* Suisunes
* Ohlone
* Awaswas
* Chalon
* Chochenyo
* Karkin
* Tamyen
* Tataviam
* Tongva
* Wappo
* Wintun
* Yokuts

Iroquois|

* Cayuga
* Mohawk
* Oneida
* Onondaga
* Seneca
* Tuscarora

Miscellaneous|

* Abenaki
* Apache
* Blackfeet
* Cherokee
* Cheyenne
* Chickasaw
* Choctaw
* Colville
* Comanche
* Cree
* Crow
* Houma
* Kiowa
* Lenape
* Menominee
* Mohave
* Muscogee
* Navajo
* Ojibwe
* Osage
* Odawa
* Paiute
* Pawnee
* Pima
* Potawatomi
* Puebloans
* Zia
* Zuni
* Quechan
* Salish
* Seminole
* Shawnee
* Shoshone
* Sioux
* Tohono Oʼodham
* Ute
* Yakama
* Yaqui

The Americas (by region and country)

| Caribbean|

* Anglo-Caribbean
* Antiguan
* Bahamian
* Barbadian
* Bermudian
* Dominican (Commonwealth)
* Grenadian
* Jamaican
* Kittian
* St. Lucian
* Trinidadian
* Vincentian
* Virgin Islanders
* Dutch Caribbean
* Indo-Caribbean
* Latin Caribbean
* Cuban
* Dominican (Republic)
* Haitian
* Puerto Ricans

|

North America|

* Belizean
* Canadian
* French Canadian
* Greenlandic
* Latin North/Central American
* Costa Rican
* Guatemalan
* Honduran
* Mexican
* Indigenous Mexican
* Nicaraguan
* Panamanian
* Salvadoran

South America|

* Guyanese
* Latin South American
* Argentine
* Bolivian
* Brazilian
* Chilean
* Colombian
* Ecuadorian
* Paraguayan
* Peruvian
* Uruguayan
* Venezuelan
* Surinamese

Africa

| General/misc.|

* Black African diaspora
* African Americans
* Afro-Caribbeans
* Afro-Latinos
* Recent African immigrants

|

Central Africa|

* Cameroonian
* Congolese
* Equatoguinean
* Gabonese

East Africa|

* Eritrean
* Ethiopian
* Kenyan
* Somali
* South Sudanese
* Tanzanian
* Ugandan

Southern Africa|

* Angolan
* Malawian
* South African
* Afrikaners
* Zimbabwean

West Africa|

* Beninese
* Cape Verdean
* Fula
* Gambian
* Ghanaian
* Guinean
* Guinea-Bissauan
* Ivorian
* Liberian
* Malian
* Mauritanian
* Nigerian
* Igbo
* Yoruba
* Senegalese
* Sierra Leonean
* Togolese

Asia

| General/misc.|

* Asian Americans
* Asian Latinos

|

Central Asia|

* Afghan
* Pashtun
* Kazakh
* Kyrgyz
* Tajik
* Turkmen
* Uzbek

East Asia|

* Chinese
* Fuzhounese
* Hakka
* Hoklo
* Hong Kong
* Taiwanese
* Tibetan
* Uyghur
* Japanese
* Ryukyuan
* Korean
* Mongolian

South Asia|

* Bangladeshi
* Bengali
* Bhutanese
* Indian
* Bengali
* Gujarati
* Malayali
* Punjabi
* Sindhi
* Tamil
* Telugu
* Indo-Caribbean
* Maldivian
* Nepalese
* Pakistani
* Balochi
* Pashtun
* Punjabi
* Sindhi
* Sri Lankan
* Tamil

Southeast Asia|

* Burmese
* Karen
* Cambodian
* Filipino
* Hmong–Mien
* Hmong
* Iu Mien
* Indonesian
* Laotian
* Malaysian
* Singaporean
* Thai
* Vietnamese

Europe

| General/misc.|

* White/European Americans
* Non-Hispanic Whites
* White Hispanic/Latino
* Jewish
* Romani
* Bashalde

|

British Isles|

* British
* Cornish
* English
* Manx
* Scottish
* Welsh
* Irish
* Scotch-Irish

Central Europe|

* Austrian
* Czech
* German
* Frisian
* Sorbian
* Polish
* Kashubian
* Rusyn
* Silesian
* Slovak
* Swiss

Eastern Europe|

* Baltic
* Estonian
* Latvian
* Lithuanian
* Belarusian
* Moldovan
* Russian
* Chechen
* Circassian
* Cossack
* Kalmyk
* Ukrainian
* Cossack

Northern Europe|

* Danish
* Faroese
* Greenlandic
* Finnish
* Icelandic
* Norwegian
* Sami
* Swedish

Southern Europe|

* Iberian
* Portuguese
* Spanish
* Asturian
* Basque
* Canarian
* Catalan
* Galician
* Italian
* Sicilian
* Maltese
* Sammarinese

Southeast Europe|

* Albanian
* Armenian
* Azerbaijani
* Bulgarian
* Cypriot
* Georgian
* Greek
* Hungarian
* Romanian
* Turkish
* Yugoslav
* Bosnian
* Croatian
* Macedonian
* Montenegrin
* Serbian
* Slovenian

Western Europe|

* Belgian
* Flemish
* Dutch
* Afrikaners
* French
* Basque
* Breton
* Corsican
* French Canadian
* Liechtensteiner
* Luxembourger

Middle East and North Africa

| Multinational|

* Arab
* Assyrian
* Berber
* Circassian
* Jewish
* Kurdish

|

North Africa|

* Algerian
* Egyptian
* Coptic
* Libyan
* Moroccan
* Sudanese
* Tunisian

West Asia|

* Armenian
* Azerbaijani
* Bahraini
* Cypriot
* Emirati
* Georgian
* Iranian
* Balochi
* Iraqi
* Israeli
* Jordanian
* Kuwaiti
* Lebanese
* Omani
* Palestinian
* Qatari
* Saudi
* Syrian
* Syrian-Jewish
* Turkish
* Yemeni

Oceania (Pacific Islands)

| Australasia|

* Australian
* New Zealander
* Maori

|

Melanesia|

* Fijian
* Papuan

Micronesia|

* Chamorro
* Marshallese
* Micronesian (Federation)
* Palauan

Polynesia|

* French Polynesian
* Hawaiian
* Maori
* Samoan
* Tongan

Related subjects

* People of the United States / Americans
* American ancestry
* Native American ancestry
* Maps of American ancestries
* 2010 census
* Race and ethnicity in the census
* Race and ethnicity in the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
* Racism

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template