Hafs

A primary transmitter of a canonical method of Qur'an recitation (706–796 AD)

For the governor of Egypt, see Hafs ibn al-Walid ibn Yusuf al-Hadrami. For the Visigothic count, see Hafs ibn Albar.

Abu ‘Amr

Ḥafṣ ibn Sulayman

al-Asadi al-Kufi

حفص بن سليمان

Personal life
Born| AD 706

Baghdad, Umayyad Caliphate

Died| AD 796(796-00-00) (aged 89–90)

Kufa, Abbasid Caliphate

Home town| Makkah
Parent|

* Sulayman ibn al-Mughirah ibn Abi Dawud (father)

Known for| Transmitting a Qira'at which became the famous riwayat in Arabia, India and even the western counteries
Religious life
Religion| Islam
Muslim leader
Teacher| Aasim ibn Abi al-Najud

Students

* Obaid bin Al-Saba

Hafs (Abū ʽAmr Ḥafṣ ibn Sulaymān ibn al-Mughīrah ibn Abi Dawud al-Asadī al-Kūfī (Arabic: أبو عمرو حفص بن سليمان بن المغيرة الأسدي الكوفي, 706–796 AD; 90–180 Anno Hegirae)),[1][2] according to Islamic tradition, was one of the primary transmitters of one of the seven canonical methods of Qur'an recitation (qira'at). His method via his teacher Aasim ibn Abi al-Najud has become the most popular method across the majority of the Muslim world.[3]

In addition to being the student of Aasim, Hafs was also his son-in-law.[4] Having been born in Baghdad, Hafs eventually moved to Mecca where he popularized his father-in-law's recitation method.[4]

Eventually, Hafs' recitation of Aasim's method was made the official method of Egypt,[5] having been formally adopted as the standard Egyptian printing of the Qur'an under the auspices of Fuad I of Egypt in 1923.[4] The majority of copies of the Quran today follow the reading of Hafs. In North and West Africa there is a bigger tendency to follow the reading of Warsh.[6]

## Hafs recitation

[edit]

The Great Mosque of Kufa, 1915 CE

Of all the canonical recitation traditions, only the Kufan tradition of Hafs included the bismillah as a separate verse in Chapter (surah) 1.[7]

In the 10thC, in his Kitāb al-sabʿa fī l-qirāʾāt, Ibn Mujahid mentioned the seven readings of the Quran which originally were all recited by the Prophet of Islam to his followers.[8] Three of their readers hailed from Kufa, a centre of early Islamic learning.[9] The three Kufan readers were Al-Kisa'i, the Kufan; Hamzah az-Zaiyyat; and Aasim ibn Abi al-Najud.

It is, alongside the Hafs 'an 'Asim tradition which represents the recitational tradition of Kufa, one of the two major oral transmission of the Quran in the Muslim World.[10] The influential standard Quran of Cairo that was published in 1924 is based on Hafs 'an ʻAsim's recitation.

## Chain of Transmission

[edit]

Imam Hafs ibn Suleiman ibn al-Mughirah al-Asadi al-Kufi learned from Aasim ibn Abi al-Najud al-Kufi al-Tabi'i from Abu 'Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami from Uthman ibn Affan, Ali ibn Abu Talib, Ubayy ibn Ka'b, and Zaid ibn Thabit from Muhammad.

Hafs' Recitation Chain of Transmission  Level | Reciter

|

1 | Muhammad
2 | Uthman ibn Affan, Ali ibn Abu Talib, Ubayy ibn Ka'b, Abdullah ibn Masud, and Zaid ibn Thabit
3 | Abu 'Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami
4 | Aasim ibn Abi al-Najud
5 | Imam Hafs

## Ten readers and transmitters

[edit]

* Nafi‘ al-Madani
* Qalun
* Warsh
* Ibn Kathir al-Makki
* Al-Bazzi
* Qunbul
* Abu 'Amr ibn al-'Ala'
* Ad-Duri
* Al-Susi
* Ibn Amir ad-Dimashqi
* Hisham ibn Ammar
* Ibn Dhakwan
* Aasim ibn Abi al-Najud
* Shu'bah
* Hafs
* Hamzah az-Zaiyyat
* Khalaf
* Khallad
* Al-Kisa'i
* Al-Layth
* Ad-Duri
* Abu Ja'far
* 'Isa ibn Waddan
* Ibn Jummaz
* Ya'qub al-Yamani
* Ruways
* Rawh
* Khalaf
* Ishaq
* Idris

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Muhammad Ghoniem and MSM Saifullah (8 Jan 2002). "The Ten Readers & Their Transmitters". Islamic Awareness. Retrieved 11 Apr 2016.
2. ^ Shady Hekmat Nasser (2012). "Ibn Mujahid and the Canonization of the Seven Readings". The Transmission of the Variant Readings of the Qur'an: The Problem of Tawaatur and the Emergence of Shawaadhdh. Leiden: Brill Publishers. p. 129\. ISBN 9789004240810.
3. ^ Bewley, Aishah. "The Seven Qira'at of the Qur'an" Archived 2006-05-01 at the Wayback Machine, Aisha Bewley's Islamic Home Page
4. ^ a b c Peter G. Riddell, Early Malay Qur'anic exegical activity, p. 164. Taken from Islam and the Malay-Indonesian World: Transmission and Responses. London: C. Hurst & Co., 2001. ISBN 9781850653363
5. ^ Cyril Glasse, The New Encyclopedia of Islam, p. 268. Intr. by Huston Smith. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2003. ISBN 9780759101906
6. ^ Aisha Geissinger, Gender and Muslim Constructions of Exegetical Authority: A Rereading of the Classical Genre of Qurʾān Commentary, pg. 79. Leiden: Brill Publishers, 2015. ISBN 9789004294448
7. ^ Stefan Wild, Al-Baydawi. Quran: an Encyclopedia
8. ^ "Sahih Muslim 819a - The Book of Prayer - Travellers - كتاب صلاة المسافرين وقصرها - Sunnah.com - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)". sunnah.com.
9. ^ Dutton, Yasin (2012). "Orality, Literacy and the 'Seven Aḥruf' Ḥadīth". Journal of Islamic Studies. 23 (1): 1–49\. doi:10.1093/jis/etr092. ISSN 0955-2340. JSTOR 26201011.
10. ^ Ibn Warraq, Which Koran? Variants, Manuscript, Linguistics, pg. 45. Prometheus Books, 2011. ISBN 1591024307

* v
* t
* e

Quranic qira'at

Qira'ates|

* Warsh recitation
* Qalun recitation [ar]
* Al-Bazzi recitation [ar]
* Qunbul recitation [ar]
* Al-Douri 'an Abi 'Amr recitation
* Al-Soussi recitation
* Hisham recitation [ar]
* Ibn Thaqouan recitation [ar]
* Shu'bah recitation
* Hafs recitation [ar]
* Khalaf recitation [ar]
* Khallad recitation [ar]
* Al-Layth recitation [ar]
* Al-Duri 'an Al-Kissa'i recitation [ar]
* Ibn Wardane recitation [ar]
* Ibn Djammaz recitation [ar]
* Rouh recitation [ar]
* Rouis recitation [ar]
* Idris recitation [ar]
* Ishaq recitation [ar]
* Al-Balkhi recitation
* Ibn Shanbuth recitation
* Al-Khayat recitation
* Ibn Farah recitation
* Al-Mutawaie recitation
* Abu Al-Faraj recitation

Qāriʾs|

* Nafiʽ al-Madani
* Warsh
* Al-Azraq
* Al-Isfahani
* Qalun
* Abu Nasheet
* Ibn Kathir al-Makki
* Al-Bazzi
* Qunbul
* Abu Amr of Basra
* Al-Duri
* Al-Soussi
* Ibn Amir ad-Dimashqi
* Hisham ibn Ammar [ar]
* Ibn Thaqouan [ar]
* Aasim ibn Abi al-Najud
* Shu'bah
* Yahya ibn Adam
* Hafs
* Hamzah az-Zaiyyat
* Khalaf al-Bazzar
* Khallad
* Al-Kisa'i
* Al-Laythi [ar]
* Al-Duri
* Abu Ubaid al-Qasim bin Salam
* Abu al-Qasim al-Shatibi
* Mujahid ibn Jabr
* Abu Bakr Ibn Mujāhid
* Ibn al-Jazari
* Abu Jaafar al-Madani [ar]
* Yaqoub al-Hadrami [ar]
* Khalaf ibn Hisham [ar]
* Hasan al-Basri
* Sulaiman al-Aʽmash
* Muhammad ibn Muheisan [ar]
* Yahya al-Yazidi [ar]
* Abu 'Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami

* Ahruf
* Qāriʾ
* Tilawa
* Tarteel
* Tajwid
* Idjaza
* Ten recitations
* Seven readers
* Qur'anic punctuation
* Muqattaʿat
* Heavenly Quran
* Tanzil
* Special recitations [ar]

Authority control databases

International|

* ISNI
* VIAF
* FAST
* WorldCat

National|

* Germany
* United States
* Netherlands
* Israel

Other|

* IdRef
* Yale LUX

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template