Hallelujah

Religious interjection

For the Leonard Cohen song, see Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song). For other uses, see Hallelujah (disambiguation).

Hallelujah written in Modern Hebrew

Hallelujah (/ˌhæləˈluːjɑː/ ⓘ; Biblical Hebrew: הַלְלוּ־יָהּ‎, romanized: haləlū-Yāh, Modern Hebrew: הַלְּלוּ־יָהּ‎, romanized: halləlū-Yāh, lit. 'praise Yah') is an interjection from the Hebrew language, used as an expression of gratitude to God.[1][2] The term is used 24 times in the Tanakh (in the book of Psalms), twice in deuterocanonical books, and four times in the Christian Book of Revelation.[3]

The phrase is used in Judaism as part of the Hallel prayers, and in Christian prayer,[3] where since the earliest times[4] it is used in various ways in liturgies,[5] especially those of the Catholic Church, the Lutheran Churches and the Eastern Orthodox Church,[6][7] the three of which use the Latin form alleluia which is based on the alternative Greek transliteration.[1]

## Etymology

[edit]

Hallelujah is a transliteration of Hebrew: הַלְּלוּ יָהּ (hal[lə]lū yāh), which means "praise ye Jah!" (from הַלְּלוּ, "praise ye!"[8] and יָהּ, "Jah").[9][10][11] The word hallēl (הַלֵּל) in Hebrew means a joyous praise in song. The second part, Yah, is a shortened form of YHWH (Yahweh or Jehovah in modern English).

## Interpretation

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In the Hebrew Bible hallelujah is actually a two-word phrase, hal(le)lu-Yah, and not one word. The first part, hallu, is the second-person imperative masculine plural form of the Hebrew verb hillel (הִלֵּל).[8] The phrase "hallelujah" translates to "praise Jah/Yah",[2][12] though it carries a deeper meaning as the word halel in Hebrew means a joyous praise in song, to boast in God.[13][14]

The second part, Yah, is a shortened form of YHWH, and is a shortened form of his name "God, Jah, or Jehovah".[3] The name ceased to be pronounced in Second Temple Judaism, by the 3rd century BC due to religious beliefs.[15] The correct pronunciation is not known. However, it is sometimes rendered in non-Jewish sources as "Yahweh" or "Jehovah". The Septuagint translates Yah as Kyrios (the LORD, stylized in all-capitals in English),[16] because of the Jewish custom of replacing the sacred name with "Adonai", meaning "my Lord".

The linguist Ghil'ad Zuckermann argues that the word Hallelujah is usually not replaced by a praise God! translation due to the belief in iconicity: the perception that there is something intrinsic about the relationship between the sound of the word and its meaning.[17]: 62

## In the Bible

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13th century French manuscript; the words "Hallelu-Yah" at the end of Psalm 148 and at the start of Psalm 149 appear above and below the man's left-pointing hand. Two times "Hallelu-Yah" (הַלְּלוּ יָהּ), cropped from the manuscript page above. French 13th century.

הַלְּלוּיָהּ is found in 24 verses in the Book of Psalms[18] (104–106, 111–117, 135, 145–150), but twice in Psalm 150:6. It starts and concludes a number of Psalms.

The Greek transliteration ἀλληλούϊα (allēlouia) appears in the Septuagint version of these Psalms, in Tobit 13:17 and 3 Maccabees 7:13, and four times in Revelation 19:1–6, the great song of praise to God for his triumph over the Whore of Babylon.[3][4] It is this usage that Charles Jennens extracted for the Hallelujah Chorus in Handel's Messiah. This transliteration is the basis of the alternative Latin transliteration "Alleluia" that is also used by Christians.[1]

## Usage by Jews

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The word "hallelujah" is sung as part of the Hallel Psalms (interspersed between Psalms 113–150).[19] In Tractate Shabbat of the Talmud, Rabbi Yose is quoted as saying that the Pesukei dezimra Psalms should be recited daily.[20] Psalms 145–150, also known as the Hallel of pesukei dezimra, are included to fulfill this requirement in the liturgy for the traditional Jewish Shacharit (morning) service.[21] In addition, on the three Pilgrimage Festivals, the new moon and Hanukkah, Psalms 113-118 are recited.[22] The latter psalms are known simply as Hallel with no additional qualification.

Psalms 146:10, ending with Halleluja, is the third and final biblical quotation in the Kedushah. This expanded version of the third blessing in the Amidah is said during the Shacharit and Mincha (morning and afternoon) services when there is a minyan present.[23].Psalms 106,111,112,113,135,146-150 typically Referred as "Hallelujah Psalms".

## Usage by Christians

[edit]

Christian Mass, singing Hallelujah

For most Christians, "Hallelujah" is considered a joyful word of praise to God, rather than an injunction to praise him. The word "Alleluia", a Latin derivative of the Hebrew phrase "Hallelujah" has been used in the same manner, though in Christian liturgy, the "Alleluia" specifically refers to a traditional chant, combining the word with verses from the Psalms or other scripture. In the Latin liturgical rites of the Catholic Church, and in many older Protestant denominations, such as the Lutheran Churches, the Alleluia, along with the Gloria in excelsis Deo, is not spoken or sung in liturgy during the season of Lent, instead being replaced by a Lenten acclamation, while in Eastern Churches, Alleluia is chanted throughout Lent at the beginning of the Matins service, replacing the Theos Kyrios, which is considered more joyful.[24] At the Easter service and throughout the Pentecostarion, Christos anesti is used in the place where Hallelujah is chanted in the western rite expressing happiness.

In day-to-day situations, the expressions of "Hallelujah" and "Praise the Lord" are used by Christians as spontaneous expressions of joy, thanksgiving and praise towards God.[25] In contemporary worship services across denominational lines, the use of these jubilatory phrases require no specific prompting or call or direction from those leading times of praise and singing.[26][27] In Methodist worship, "Hallelujah!" is a frequently used ejaculatory prayer.[28]

In Christian worship, Alleluia is used as a liturgical chant in which that word is combined with verses of scripture, usually from the Psalms.[12] This chant is commonly used before the proclamation of the Gospel. In Western Christianity, congregations commonly cease using the word Alleluia during the period of Lent but restore it into their services at Easter.[29][30] The form of praise "Alleluia" is used by Christians to thank and glorify God; it finds itself present in many prayers and hymns, especially those related to Eastertide, such as "Christ the Lord is Risen Today".[31][32][12]

The Hebrew word Hallelujah as an expression of praise to God was preserved, untranslated, by the Early Christians as a superlative expression of thanksgiving, joy, and triumph. Thus it appears in the ancient Greek Liturgy of St. James, which is still used to this day by the Patriarch of Jerusalem and, in its Syriac recension is the prototype of that used by the Maronites. In the Liturgy of St. Mark,[33] we find this rubric: "Then follow let us attend, the Apostle, and the Prologue of the Alleluia." The "Apostle" is the usual ancient Eastern title for the Epistle reading, and the "Prologue of the Alleluia" would seem to be a prayer or verse before Alleluia was sung by the choir. It has been suggested that the acclamation arises from and is an onomatopoeic rendition of the ancient tradition of ululation.[34][35]

### Western use

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#### Roman Rite

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Example of a pre-Gospel Alleluia with verse

In the Roman Rite the word Alleluia is associated with joy and is especially favoured in Paschal time, the time between Easter and Pentecost, perhaps because of the association of the hallel (Alleluia psalms) chanted at Passover. During this time, the word is added widely to verses and responses associated with prayers, to antiphons of psalms, and, during the Octave of Easter and on Pentecost Sunday, to the dismissal at the end of Mass ("Ite missa est").

On the other hand, the word Alleluia is excluded from the Roman liturgy during Lent,[36] often euphemistically referred to during this time as the "A-word".[37][38][39] In pre-1970 forms of the Roman Rite it is excluded also in the pre-Lenten Septuagesima period and in Masses for the Dead. The same word, which normally follows the Gloria Patri at the beginning of each hour of the Liturgy of the Hours and which in the present ordinary form of the Roman Rite is omitted during Lent, is replaced in pre-1970 forms by the phrase Laus tibi, Domine, rex aeternae gloriae (Praise to thee, O Lord, king of eternal glory) in Lent and the Septuagesima period.

The term Alleluia is used also to designate a chant beginning and ending with this word and including a verse of scripture, in particular a chant to greet and welcome the Lord whose word will be proclaimed in the Gospel reading. The choir or a cantor sings "Alleluia". The congregation repeats this. The choir or cantor then sings a verse taken from the Mass Lectionary or the Roman Gradual, after which the congregation again sings "Alleluia". In Lent the verse alone is sung or the word Alleluia is replaced by a different acclamation taken from the Gradual, or a tract is sung. If singing is not used, the Alleluia and its verse may be omitted at any season.[40][41][42]

The complex plainchant setting in the Roman Gradual requires a high degree of skill and is mostly used only in monasteries and seminaries.[41] This melismatic Gregorian chant opens with the cantor singing "Alleluia". The choir repeats it, adding to the final syllable a long melisma called a jubilus. (The Liber Usualis notates the repeat with the Roman numeral "ij" (2) and continues with the jubilus.) The cantor then sings the main part of the verse, and the choir joins in on the final line. The cantor then repeats the opening Alleluia, and the choir repeats only the jubilus. The music is generally ornate, but often within a narrow range. The Alleluia for Christmas Eve, for instance, has an ambitus of only a perfect fifth, a rather extreme example.

Alleluias were frequently troped, both with added music and text. It is believed that some early Sequences derived from syllabic text being added to the jubilus, and may be named after the opening words of the Alleluia verse. Alleluias were also among the more frequently used chants to create early organa, such as in the Winchester Troper.

The Alleluia and its verse is replaced during Lent and in the pre-1970 form of the Roman Rite Mass also during Septuagesima time by a Tract. On the other hand, during Eastertide the Gradual is replaced with an Alleluia chant, thus putting two such chants before the Gospel reading.

### Eastern uses

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#### Byzantine Rite

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Psalm 91 ᾿Αγαθὸν τὸ ἐξομολογεῖσθαι τῷ κυρίῳ καὶ ψάλλειν τῷ ὀνόματί σου with the alleluiaria in echos plagios tetartos (allelouia refrains written in red ink before the echos plagios section) in a kontakarion about 1300 (F-Pn fonds grec, Ms. 397, f.43r)

In the Eastern Orthodox, as well as Byzantine Rite Eastern Catholic and Eastern Lutheran Churches, after reading the Apostle (Epistle) at the Divine Liturgy, the Reader announces which of the Eight Tones the Alleluia is to be chanted in. The response of the choir is always the same: "Alleluia, alleluia, alleluia." What differs is the tone in which it is sung, and the stichera (psalm verses) which are intoned by the Reader.

The Alleluia is paired with the Prokeimenon which preceded the reading of the Apostle. There may be either one or two Alleluias, depending upon the number of Prokeimena (there may be up to three readings from the Apostle, but never be more than two Prokeimena and Alleluia).

In the Russian/Slavic order, the Alleluia is intoned in one of the two following manners, depending upon the number of Prokeimena (The Antiochian/Byzantine practice is slightly different):

##### One Alleluia

[edit]

Deacon: "Let us attend."
Reader: "Alleluia in the ____ Tone."
Choir: "Alleluia, alleluia, alleluia."
The Reader then chants the first sticheron of the Alleluia.
Choir: "Alleluia, alleluia, alleluia."
The Reader then chants the second sticheron of the Alleluia.
Choir: "Alleluia, alleluia, alleluia."

##### Two Alleluias

[edit]

Deacon: "Let us attend."
Reader: "Alleluia in the ____ Tone:" Then he immediately chants the first sticheron of the first Alleluia.
Choir: "Alleluia, alleluia, alleluia."
The Reader then chants the second sticheron of the first Alleluia.
Choir: "Alleluia, alleluia, alleluia."
Reader: "In the ____ Tone:" And he chants the first sticheron of the second Alleluia.
Choir: "Alleluia, alleluia, alleluia."

##### Lenten Alleluia

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Among the Orthodox, the chanting of Alleluia does not cease during Lent, as it does in the West. This is in accordance with the Orthodox approach to fasting, which is one of sober joy. During the weekdays of Great Lent and certain days during the lesser Lenten seasons (Nativity Fast, Apostles' Fast, and Dormition Fast), the celebration of the Divine Liturgy on weekdays is not permitted. Instead, Alleluia is chanted at Matins. Since this chanting of Alleluia at Matins is characteristic of Lenten services, Lenten days are referred to as "Days with Alleluia."

The Alleluia at Matins is not related to scripture readings or Prokeimena; instead, it replaces "God is the Lord..." It is sung in the Tone of the Week and is followed by the Hymns to the Trinity (Triadica) in the same tone (see Octoechos for an explanation of the eight-week cycle of tones).

"God is the Lord..." would normally be intoned by the deacon, but since the deacon does not serve on days with Alleluia, it is intoned by the priest. He stands in front of the icon of Christ on the Iconostasis, and says:

Priest: "Alleluia in the ____ Tone: Out of the night my spirit waketh at dawn unto Thee, O God, for Thy commandments are a light upon the earth."
Choir: "Alleluia, alleluia, alleluia."
Priest: "Learn righteousness, ye that dwell upon the earth."
Choir: "Alleluia, alleluia, alleluia."
Priest: "Zeal shall lay hold upon an uninstructed people."
Choir: "Alleluia, alleluia, alleluia."
Priest: "Add more evils upon them, O Lord, lay more evils upon them that are glorious upon the earth."
Choir: "Alleluia, alleluia, alleluia."

##### Alleluia for the departed

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Alleluia is also chanted to a special melody at funerals, memorial services (Greek: Parastas, Slavonic: Panikhida), and on Saturdays of the Dead. Again, it is chanted in place of "God is the Lord...", but this time is followed by the Troparia of the Departed.

The Alleluia is intoned by the deacon (or the priest, if no deacon is available):

Deacon: "Alleluia, in the 8th tone: Blessed are they whom Thou hast chosen and taken unto Thyself, O Lord."
Choir: "Alleluia, Alleluia, Alleluia."
Deacon: "Their memory is from generation to generation."
Choir: "Alleluia, Alleluia, Alleluia."
Deacon: "Their souls will dwell amid good things."
Choir: "Alleluia, Alleluia, Alleluia."

On Saturdays of the Dead, which are celebrated several times throughout the year, the prokeimenon at Vespers is also replaced with Alleluia, which is chanted in the following manner:

Deacon: "Alleluia, in the 8th tone."
Choir: "Alleluia, Alleluia, Alleluia."
Deacon: "Blessed are they whom Thou hast chosen and taken unto Thyself, O Lord."
Choir: "Alleluia, Alleluia, Alleluia."
Deacon: "Their memory is from generation to generation."
Choir: "Alleluia, Alleluia, Alleluia."

##### Other uses

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Gospel readings are appointed for other services as well, particularly those in the Trebnik. A number of these are preceded by an Alleluia, in the same manner as that chanted at the Divine Liturgy, though sometimes there are no stichera (psalm verses).

During the sacred mystery (Sacrament) of baptism, in addition to the Alleluia before the Gospel, the choir also chants an Alleluia while the priest pours the Oil of Catechumens into the baptismal font.

## In popular culture

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In modern English, "Hallelujah" is frequently spoken to express happiness that a thing hoped or waited for has happened.[43] An example is its use in the song "Get Happy".

"Hallelujah" was the winning song of the Eurovision Song Contest 1979, performed in Hebrew by Milk and Honey, including Gali Atari, for Israel.

Leonard Cohen's 1984 song "Hallelujah" was initially rejected by Columbia Records for lacking commercial appeal, was popularized through covers by John Cale (1991) and Jeff Buckley (1994), achieved "modern ubiquity" after its inclusion in the animated movie Shrek (2001), and reached the Billboard charts upon Cohen's death in 2016.[44]

## See also

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* Praise the Lord, a greeting phrase used by many Christians
* Alleluia, the Christian liturgical chant
* Alhamdulillah (ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّٰهِ), similar Arabic phrase used by Muslims and by Arabic-speaking Jews and Christians
* Allahu Akbar (ٱللَّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ), similar Arabic phrase
* Subhan Allah (سُبْحَانَ ٱللَّٰهِ), similar Arabic phrase
* "My Sweet Lord", a 1970 song by George Harrison which includes hallelujah along with Hare Krishna
* Alle Psallite Cum Luya
* Alleluia, dulce carmen

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c Young, Carlton R. (1993). Companion to the United Methodist Hymnal. Abingdon Press. p. 204\. ISBN 978-0-687-09260-4. "Alleluia is the Latin form of Hallelujah, an acclamation formed by joining "Hallelu" (to praise) with the first syllable in a Hebrew name for God, Yahweh."
2. ^ a b Hardon, John (4 September 1985). Pocket Catholic Dictionary: Abridged Edition of Modern Catholic Dictionary. Crown Publishing Group. p. 13\. ISBN 978-0-385-23238-8. "Alleluia. Hebrew hallelujah "praise Yahweh"."
3. ^ a b c d Woods, F. H. (1902). "Hallelujah". In James Hastings (ed.). A Dictionary of the Bible. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 287.
4. ^ a b Scott Nash, "Hallelujah" in Mercer Dictionary of the Bible (Mercer University Press 1990 ISBN 978-0-86554373-7), p. 355
5. ^ Alter, Robert (2007). The Book of Psalms: A Translation with Commentary. W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-393-06226-7.
6. ^ Andrew McGowan, "Alleluia" in The New Scm Dictionary of Liturgy and Worship (Hymns Ancient & Modern 2002 ISBN 978-0-33402883-3), p. 6
7. ^ Fakes, Dennis R. (1994). Exploring Our Lutheran Liturgy. CSS Publishing. p. 68\. ISBN 978-1-55673-596-7.
8. ^ a b Page H. Kelley, Biblical Hebrew, an Introductory Grammar, page 169. Ethics & Public Policy Center, 1959. ISBN 978-0-8028-0598-0.
9. ^ Hallelujah, also spelled Alleluia, Encyclopædia Britannica
10. ^ Brown-Driver-Briggs (Hebrew and English Lexicon, page 238)
11. ^ page 403, note on line 1 of Psalm 113, Alter, Robert (2007). The Book of Psalms: A Translation with Commentary. W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-393-06226-7.
12. ^ a b c Greenman, Jeffrey P.; Sumner, George R. (2004). Unwearied Praises: Exploring Christian Faith Through Classic Hymns. Clements Publishing Group. p. 84\. ISBN 978-1-894667-48-7. "The term "Alleluia" or "Hallelujah" represents a call to praise derived from the Hebrew "Hallelu Yah" (a shortened form for Yahweh), which simply means, "Praise the Lord." It is common for Psalms used in Temple worship to begin and end with "Alleluia". Likewise, in the New Testament's description of heavenly worship, we find "Hallelujah" as the centre of the multitude's "roar" of praise. They sum up creation's praise by singing: "Hallelujah! For our Lord God Almighty reigns. Let us rejoice and be glad and give him glory!" (Revelation 19:6-7) Given the prominence of "Alleluia" as a biblical form of praise, it is no surprise that one of the greatest Easter hymns, "Jesus Christ is Risen Today" repeats "Alleluia" at the end of each line."
13. ^ George Fohrer. Hebrew and Aramaic Dictionary of the Old Testament, under הלל. Walter de Gruyter, 1973. ISBN 978-3-11-004572-7.
14. ^ Joseph Samuel C.F. Frey, A Hebrew, Latin, and English dictionary, 1815, entry for הלל on page 254
15. ^ Harris, Stephen L. Understanding the Bible: a reader's introduction, 2nd ed. Palo Alto: Mayfield. 1985. page 21.
16. ^ "What is the difference between lord, Lord and LORD? | AHRC". www.ancient-hebrew.org. Retrieved 14 April 2024.
17. ^ Zuckermann, Ghil'ad (2003), Language Contact and Lexical Enrichment in Israeli Hebrew. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781403917232 / ISBN 9781403938695 [1]
18. ^ Psalm 104:35; 105:45; 106:1, 48; 111:1; 112:1; 113:1, 9; 115:18; 116:19; 117:2; 135:1, 3, 21; 146:1, 10; 147:1, 20; 148:1, 14; 149:1, 9; 150:1, 6.
19. ^ David E. Garland, Psalms, Volume 5 of The Expositor's Bible Commentary, page 62.
20. ^ Shabbat 118b, Sefaria
21. ^ Scott-Martin Kosofsky, The Book of Customs, Harper San Francisco, 2004; pages 25-26.
22. ^ Elie Munk, The World of Prayer, Vol. 2, Revised ed., Feldheim, Jerusalem, 2007; pages 129-133.
23. ^ Scott-Martin Kosofsky, The Book of Customs, Harper San Francisco, 2004; page 33.
24. ^ "Why don't we use alleluias during Lent?" (PDF). Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. 2013. Retrieved 22 March 2018.
25. ^ Meacock, Ron (31 August 2022). Glimpse of Glory: Understanding Revelation. WestBow Press. ISBN 978-1-6642-7420-4. "Hallelujah and "Praise the Lord" have become acceptable spontaneous expressions of joy, thanksgiving, and praise towards God in many Christian denominations."
26. ^ At Pipe Organ Pizza, a pipeline for prayers Archived 2016-03-13 at the Wayback Machine, Milwaukee Journal, July 12, 1981
27. ^ "Charismatic Catholicism is alive and well". Crux. 26 September 2014. Retrieved 12 December 2022. "The appeal of charismatic prayer "starts with praise and worship," said Mr. Soares, who is now director of Charismatic Renewal Services for the Archdiocese of Boston. "But as you get deeper, you start to see other things besides just the amen and hallelujah. You see people more rooted in their history.""
28. ^ "Shouting Methodists". Jesus Fellowship. 20 January 2007. Archived from the original on 22 December 2018. Retrieved 3 April 2017.
29. ^ "Why don't we use alleluias during Lent?" (PDF). Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. 2013. Retrieved 22 March 2018.
30. ^ Weaver, J. Dudley Jr. (2002). Presbyterian Worship: A Guide for Clergy. Geneva Press. p. 106\. ISBN 978-0664502188. "The alleluia is traditionally not sung during Lent, and, here at the first service of Easter, it is at last reintroduced to the church's liturgy."
31. ^ Rowlett, Martha Graybeal (27 June 2013). Weaving Prayer into the Tapestry of Life. WestBow Press. p. 90\. ISBN 978-1-4497-9517-7. "Christians have used the words "Alleluia" and "Hallelujah" from the Hebrew word for praise to transcend the limits of ordinary human language."
32. ^ Datsko, Rob; Datsko, Kathy (2011). Building Bridges Between Spirit-filled Christians and Latter-day Saints (Mormons): A Translation Guide for Born Again Spirit-filled Christians (Charismatics / Pentecostals / Renewalists and Third Wavers) and Latter-day Saints. eBookIt.com. ISBN 978-1-4566-0669-5. "'Alleluia' and "Hallelujah' are commonly used within SFC circles. This word comes from the combination of the Hebrew words Halal + Jehovah. Halal means to celebrate and praise. Therefore, Alleluia is the joyful obedience to the commandment to "Praise Jehovah" and "Celebrate Jesus". SFC often believe that any true Christian will overflow with celebration and praise to the Lord."
33. ^ "The Divine Liturgy of the Holy Apostle and Evangelist Mark".
34. ^ Binns, John (28 November 2016). The Orthodox Church of Ethiopia: A History. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 25\. ISBN 9781786730374.
35. ^ Zevit, Ziony (2007). "The First Halleluyah". Milk and Honey: Essays on Ancient Israel and the Bible in Appreciation of the Judaic Studies Program at the University of California, San Diego. Eisenbrauns. p. 164\. ISBN 9781575061276.
36. ^ "Chapter II: The Structure of the Mass, Its Elements, And Its Parts". General Instruction of the Roman Missal. usccb.org. Retrieved 23 March 2017.
37. ^ "The A-Word | Dominicana". 30 April 2018.
38. ^ "MUSIC FOR LENT – Don't mention the 'A' word… – St Mary Magdalen Choir Brighton". St Mary Magdalen Choir Brighton. 4 March 2011.
39. ^ "Nun Talk | A Nun's Life Ministry".
40. ^ General Instruction of the Roman Missal, 62−63
41. ^ a b Edward McNamara, "LITURGY Q & A: The Alleluia Before the Gospel in ZENIT, 6 June 2017
42. ^ "Jeff Ostrowski, "Gospel Acclamation During Lent"". Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
43. ^ Hallelujah definition in Macmillan Dictionary
44. ^ LeDonne, Rob (29 June 2022). "'More than a song': the enduring power of Leonard Cohen's Hallelujah". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 3 July 2022.

## External links

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Wikiquote has quotations related to Hallelujah.

* The dictionary definition of hallelujah at Wiktionary
* Catholic Encyclopedia article, s.v., Alleluia
* Photo—Chanting the Alleluia Russian Orthodox

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* Crucifer
* Deacon
* Extraordinary minister of Holy Communion
* Laity
* Eucharistic Congress
* Lector
* Porter
* Priest
* Subdeacon
* Usher

Altar|

* Altar crucifix
* Altar rails
* Ambo
* Antependium
* Candles and candlesticks
* Triple candlestick
* Paschal candle
* Sanctuary lamp
* Chalice veil
* Communion bench
* Corporal
* Credence table
* Kneeler
* Lavabo
* Misericord
* Pall
* Piscina
* Purificator
* Rood
* Tabernacle

Liturgical
objects|

* Altar bell
* Ashes
* Aspergillum
* Bugia
* Censer
* Chalice
* Ciborium
* Crotalus
* Collection basket
* Communion-plate
* Cruet
* Evangeliary
* Fistula
* Flabellum
* Funghellino
* Holy water
* Incense
* use
* Manuterge
* Paten
* Processional cross
* Pyx
* Sacramental bread
* wafer
* Sacramental wine (or must)
* Thurible

Liturgical books|

* Antiphonary
* Ceremonial of Bishops
* Customary
* Roman Gradual
* Graduale Simplex
* Roman Missal
* Divine Worship: The Missal
* Sacramentary and Lectionary
* Roman Pontifical
* Tonary

Vestments

* Alb
* Amice
* Chasuble
* Dalmatic
* Episcopal gloves
* Episcopal sandals
* Humeral veil
* Pallium
* Pontifical
* Stole
* Surplice
* Tunicle
* Vimpa

Liturgical year|

| Calendars|

* Tridentine calendar
* General Roman Calendar of 1954
* General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII
* General Roman Calendar of 1960
* General Roman Calendar (current)

|

Periods|

* Advent
* Christmastide
* Ordinary Time
* Septuagesima
* Lent
* Passiontide
* Holy Week
* Paschal Triduum
* Eastertide
* Ascensiontide

Eucharistic
discipline|

* Abstemius
* Concelebration
* Church etiquette
* Closed communion
* Canon 844
* Canon 915
* Communion and the developmentally disabled
* Communion under both kinds
* Eucharistic fast
* First Communion
* Frequent Communion
* Genuflection
* Head cover
* Host desecration
* Infant communion
* Intinction
* Reserved sacrament
* Sacramental bread and wine (or must)
* Spiritual communion
* Thanksgiving after Communion
* Anima Christi
* Viaticum

Eucharistic
theology|

* Body and Blood of Christ
* Corpus Christi
* Epiousion
* Grace ex opere operato
* In persona Christi
* Historical roots of Catholic Eucharistic theology
* Koinonia
* Liturgical colours
* Mirae caritatis
* Mysterium fidei (encyclical)
* Origin of the Eucharist
* Last Supper
* Passion of Jesus and its salvific nature
* Priesthood of Melchizedek
* Real presence
* Transubstantiation
* Year of the Eucharist

Regulations
and concepts|

* Accentus
* Ad orientem and versus populum
* Calendar of saints
* Canon law
* Code of Rubrics
* Commemoration
* General Instruction of the Roman Missal
* Holy day of obligation
* Intercession of saints
* Ordinary and Propers
* Pro multis
* Sunday
* Lord's Day

Related|

* Agape feast
* Anaphora of the Apostolic Tradition
* Ambrosian Rite
* Catholic theology
* Christian liturgy
* Catholic liturgy
* Eastern Catholic liturgy
* Christian prayer
* effects of prayer
* Dicastery for Divine Worship
* Council of Trent
* Ecclesia de Eucharistia
* Eucharistic adoration and benediction
* Dominicae Cenae / Holy Hour
* Eucharistic miracle
* Fermentum
* Fourth Council of the Lateran
* Gelineau psalmody
* Gregorian chant
* History of the Roman Canon
* Lex orandi, lex credendi
* Liturgical Movement
* Liturgical reforms of Pope Pius XII
* Mediator Dei
* Missale Romanum (apostolic constitution)
* Music
* Pope Paul VI
* Sacraments of the Catholic Church
* Second Vatican Council
* Sacrosanctum concilium
* Summorum Pontificum
* Traditionis custodes
* Stercoranism
* Tra le sollecitudini

* v
* t
* e

Order of the Divine Service in Lutheranism

Preparatory Service|

* Entrance hymn and Trinitarian formula (known as the Invocation)
* Penitential Act including the Confiteor and Declaration of Grace (or Asperges on Easter)

The Service of the Word|

* Introit
* Gloria Patri
* Kýrie
* Gloria
* Dominus vobiscum
* Oremus
* Collect
* Old Testament reading
* gradual (or Responsorial Psalm)
* Epistle
* Alleluia (tract during Lent)
* Gospel
* Hymn of the day
* Homily or Postil (Sermon)
* Nicene Creed (Athanasian Creed on Trinity Sunday)
* Offertory
* Prayers of the Faithful

The Service of the Eucharist|

* Preface (Sursum corda / Sanctus / Hosanna)
* Eucharistic Prayer (Epiclesis / Words of Institution / Memorial Acclamation)
* Lord's Prayer
* Sign of peace / pax (elevation)
* Agnus Dei
* Distribution
* Nunc dimittis
* Postcommunion
* Benedicamus Domino
* Benediction
* Dismissal
* Ite, missa est

Participants|

* Acolyte
* bishop
* cantor
* choir
* crucifer
* deacon
* elder
* laity
* lector
* Pastor (or Priest)
* usher

Parts of the Sanctuary|

* altar
* altar bell
* altar crucifix
* altar rail
* kneeler
* piscina
* processional cross
* tabernacle

Candles|

* altar candle
* paschal candle
* sanctuary lamp
* votive candle

Liturgical vessels|

* ciborium
* chalice
* cruet

Liturgical objects|

* collection basket
* holy water
* incense (use)
* paten
* sacramental bread (wafer)
* sacramental wine
* thurible

Vestments|

* alb
* chasuble
* dalmatic
* geneva gown
* humeral veil
* stole
* surplice
* tunicle

Liturgical books and hymnals|

* Christian Worship (1993)
* Christian Worship (2021)
* Common Service Book (1917)
* Evangelical Lutheran Hymn-Book (1912)
* Evangelical Lutheran Hymnary (1996)
* Evangelical Lutheran Worship (2006)
* Lutheran Book of Worship (1978)
* The Lutheran Hymnal (1941)
* Lutheran Hymnal with Supplement (1989)
* Lutheran Service Book (2006)
* Lutheran Worship (1982)
* ReClaim Hymnal (2006)
* Service Book and Hymnal (1958)

* v
* t
* e

Psalms

By number
(Septuagint
numbering
in brackets)|

* 1
* 2
* 3
* 4
* 5
* 6
* 7
* 8
* 9 (9a)
* 10 (9b)
* 11 (10)
* 12 (11)
* 13 (12)
* 14 (13)
* 15 (14)
* 16 (15)
* 17 (16)
* 18 (17)
* 19 (18)
* 20 (19)
* 21 (20)
* 22 (21)
* 23 (22)
* 24 (23)
* 25 (24)
* 26 (25)
* 27 (26)
* 28 (27)
* 29 (28)
* 30 (29)
* 31 (30)
* 32 (31)
* 33 (32)
* 34 (33)
* 35 (34)
* 36 (35)
* 37 (36)
* 38 (37)
* 39 (38)
* 40 (39)
* 41 (40)
* 42 (41)
* 43 (42)
* 44 (43)
* 45 (44)
* 46 (45)
* 47 (46)
* 48 (47)
* 49 (48)
* 50 (49)
* 51 (50)
* 52 (51)
* 53 (52)
* 54 (53)
* 55 (54)
* 56 (55)
* 57 (56)
* 58 (57)
* 59 (58)
* 60 (59)
* 61 (60)
* 62 (61)
* 63 (62)
* 64 (63)
* 65 (64)
* 66 (65)
* 67 (66)
* 68 (67)
* 69 (68)
* 70 (69)
* 71 (70)
* 72 (71)
* 73 (72)
* 74 (73)
* 75 (74)
* 76 (75)
* 77 (76)
* 78 (77)
* 79 (78)
* 80 (79)
* 81 (80)
* 82 (81)
* 83 (82)
* 84 (83)
* 85 (84)
* 86 (85)
* 87 (86)
* 88 (87)
* 89 (88)
* 90 (89)
* 91 (90)
* 92 (91)
* 93 (92)
* 94 (93)
* 95 (94)
* 96 (95)
* 97 (96)
* 98 (97)
* 99 (98)
* 100 (99)
* 101 (100)
* 102 (101)
* 103 (102)
* 104 (103)
* 105 (104)
* 106 (105)
* 107 (106)
* 108 (107)
* 109 (108)
* 110 (109)
* 111 (110)
* 112 (111)
* 113 (112)
* 114 (113a)
* 115 (113b)
* 116 (114–115)
* 117 (116)
* 118 (117)
* 119 (118)
* 120 (119)
* 121 (120)
* 122 (121)
* 123 (122)
* 124 (123)
* 125 (124)
* 126 (125)
* 127 (126)
* 128 (127)
* 129 (128)
* 130 (129)
* 131 (130)
* 132 (131)
* 133 (132)
* 134 (133)
* 135 (134)
* 136 (135)
* 137 (136)
* 138 (137)
* 139 (138)
* 140 (139)
* 141 (140)
* 142 (141)
* 143 (142)
* 144 (143)
* 145 (144)
* 146 (145)
* 147 (146–147)
* 148
* 149
* 150

Apocrypha or
Deuterocanonical

* 151 (Eastern Orthodox)
* 152–155 (Syriac Orthodox)
* Psalms of Solomon

People|

* David
* Ethan
* Heman the Ezrahite
* Asaph
* Achish

Types of psalm|

* Psalms of Asaph
* Communal lament
* Imprecatory
* Invitatory
* Laudate
* Penitential
* Royal
* Song of Ascents

Terminology|

* Psalter
* Hallel
* Hallelujah
* Leviathan
* Miktam
* Rahab
* Selah
* Shoshannim
* Queen of Psalm 45

Psalm phrases|

* Beatus vir
* It is time to work for the Lord
* My cup runneth over
* They have pierced my hands and my feet

Psalmody|

* Exclusive psalmody
* Gaelic
* Gelineau
* Responsorial

Related|

* Kathisma
* Perek Shirah
* Pater Noster cord
* Tikkun HaKlali
* Zabur
* Midrash Tehillim

Manuscripts|

* 4Q448
* Great Psalms Scroll
* Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 5101
* Vindobonensis Greek 39777
* P. Lond.Lit.207
* Taylor-Schechter 16.320
* Ambrosiano O 39 sup.

* v
* t
* e

Tridentine Mass of the Catholic Church

Types|

* Chapter and conventual
* Low
* Deutsche Singmesse
* Dialogue
* French Organ
* Missa cantata
* Missa Sicca
* Ritual
* Coronation
* Papal
* Requiem
* Nuptial
* Solemn
* Pontifical
* Papal
* Sine populo
* Votive
* Red

Order|

Pre-Mass
Vesting prayers
Asperges me

Vidi aquam in Eastertide
Processional hymn

Mass of the Catechumens
Iudica me
Confiteor

mea culpa
Introit
Kyrie
Gloria in excelsis Deo
Collect
Lection
Gradual
Alleluia or Tract
Sequentia
Gospel
Homily

Mass of the Faithful
Credo

Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed
Offertory

Lavabo
Orate fratres
Secret
Preface

Sursum corda
Sanctus
Hosanna
Roman Canon

Oblation
Epiclesis
Words of Institution
Anamnesis
Elevation
Doxology
Pater Noster

Embolism
Pax
Agnus Dei

Dona nobis pacem
Fraction
Holy Communion

Communion antiphon
Ablutions
Postcommunio
Dismissal

Ite, missa est or Benedicamus Domino
Last Gospel

Post-Mass
Leonine prayers
Recessional hymn

For funeral Mass
Dies irae

Lacrimosa
Pie Iesu
Libera Me
Requiescant in pace
Absolution of the dead
In paradisum
De profundis

Participants|

* Acolyte
* altar server
* Bishop
* Boat boy
* Cantor or schola
* Crucifer
* Deacon
* Laity
* Lector
* Master of ceremonies
* Porter
* Priest
* Subdeacon

Altar|

* Altar cards
* Altar crucifix
* Altar rails
* Ambo
* Antependium
* Credence table
* Kneeler
* Lavabo
* Misericord
* Piscina
* Sacristy
* Tabernacle

Altar cloths|

* Altar linens
* Antependium
* Burse
* Chalice veil
* Corporal
* Pall
* Purificator

Illumination|

* Altar (Catholic Church)#Candles and candlesticks
* Paschal candle
* Sanctuary lamp
* Triple candlestick

Liturgical
objects|

* Altar bell
* Aspergillum
* Chalice
* Ciborium
* Collection basket
* Cruet
* Fistula
* Flabellum
* Funghellino
* Holy water
* Incense
* use
* Manuterge
* Paten
* Processional cross
* Pyx
* Sacramental bread
* wafer
* Sacramental wine (or must)
* Thurible

Literature|

* Cæremoniale Episcoporum
* Missale Romanum
* Pontificale Romanum
* Rituale Romanum

Vestments
(Pontifical/Papal)|

* Alb
* Amice
* Chasuble
* Cincture
* Cope
* Crosier
* Dalmatic
* Episcopal gloves
* Ecclesiastical ring
* Episcopal sandals
* Falda
* Humeral veil
* Liturgical lace
* Mitre
* Pallium
* Papal fanon
* Papal tiara
* Pectoral cross
* Stole
* Subcinctorium
* Superhumerale
* Surplice
* Tunicle
* Vimpa

Music|

* Antiphon
* Graduale Romanum
* Gregorian chant
* Hymn
* Kyriale Romanum
* Liber Usualis
* Music for the Requiem Mass
* Organ
* voluntary
* Organum
* Polyphony
* Reciting tone
* Accentus
* Recto tono
* Tra le sollecitudini
* Tonary
* Gregorian Antiphonary

Liturgical year
Calendar
(1954/1955/1960)|

* Advent
* Christmastide
* Epiphanytide
* Septuagesima
* Lent
* Passiontide
* Holy Week
* Paschal Triduum
* Eastertide
* Ascensiontide
* After Pentecost

* Calendar of saints
* Holy day of obligation
* Moveable feast
* Octaves

* Ranking of liturgical days: Solemnity
* Memorial
* Commemoration
* Feria

Discipline|

* Canonical digits
* Church etiquette
* Closed communion
* Canon 844
* Canon 915
* Communion and the developmentally disabled
* Communion under both kinds
* Eucharistic fast
* First Communion
* Genuflection
* Head cover
* Host desecration
* Infant communion
* Reserved sacrament
* Sign of the Cross
* Thanksgiving after Communion
* Viaticum

Theology|

* Blessed Sacrament
* Body and Blood of Christ
* Corpus Christi
* Epiousion
* Eucharistic miracle
* Grace ex opere operato
* In persona Christi
* History of Catholic eucharistic theology
* Koinonia
* Liturgical colours
* Origin of the Eucharist
* Last Supper
* Passion of Jesus and its salvific nature
* Priesthood of Melchizedek
* Pro multis
* Real presence
* Transubstantiation

Concepts|

* Ad orientem
* Canon law
* Code of Rubrics
* Concelebration
* Ecclesiastical Latin
* Intercession of saints
* Ordinary & propers (common)
* Sunday
* Lord's Day
* Text and rubrics of the Roman Canon
* Vulgate (Sixto-Clementine)
* Latin Psalters

Related|

* Agape feast
* Alternatim
* Anaphora
* Anima Christi
* Aspersion
* Catholic liturgy
* Coetus Internationalis Patrum
* Communities using the Tridentine Mass
* Indult
* Traditionalist
* Dicastery for Divine Worship
* Council of Trent
* Eucharistic adoration & benediction
* Holy Hour
* Forty Hours' Devotion
* Fourth Council of the Lateran
* Gospel Book
* History of the Roman Canon
* Latin liturgical rites
* Lex orandi, lex credendi
* Litany
* Liturgical Movement
* Liturgical reforms of Pope Pius XII
* Liturgical use of Latin
* Mass of Paul VI
* Missal
* Plenary indulgence
* Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei
* Pope Pius V
* Preces
* Pre-Tridentine Mass
* Quattuor abhinc annos
* Quo primum
* Catholic theology
* Sacramentary
* Sacraments of the Catholic Church
* Summorum Pontificum
* Traditionis custodes
* Western Rite Orthodoxy

* Catholic Church portal

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