Holy See–Venezuela relations

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Bilateral relations

Holy See-Venezuela relations

Holy See |
Venezuela

Holy See–Venezuela relations are foreign relations between the Holy See and Venezuela. Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1869. The Holy See has a nunciature in Caracas. Venezuela has an embassy in Rome.

## Relations under the Chávez and Maduro presidencies

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There have been tensions with the Vatican under the presidency of Hugo Chávez, a president who while being Catholic is ideologically influenced by Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin, political thinkers that have historically been opposed to the influence of the Roman Catholic Church. Chávez has also been known to cite proponents of liberation theology such as Leonardo Boff,[1] whose ideas Rome had opposed in the 1980s and 1990s.

In 2009, pro-government colectivos tear-gassed the Holy See's envoy after Chávez accused the Roman Catholic Church of interfering with his government.[2][3]

Relations between the Vatican and Nicolás Maduro, Chávez's successor, have also remained tense, with the Venezuelan leader sharply critiquing, among others, a letter sent by the Vatican to foreign businesses.[4] While Cardinal Baltazar Enrique Porras Cardozo did raise the possibility in June 2021 that the Holy See mediate between the two sides in the Venezuelan political crisis,[4] such mediation has not yet taken place, as of late 2023.

## See also

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* Apostolic Nuncio to Venezuela

## References

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1. ^ ""Der Kapitalismus ist der Weg ins Verderben"". amerika21 (in German). 2009-12-18. Archived from the original on 2023-03-07. Retrieved 2023-11-11.
2. ^ Wallis, Dan (13 February 2014). "Venezuela violence puts focus on militant 'colectivo' groups". Retrieved 20 March 2014.
3. ^ "Wikileaks de Venezuela: chavistas Lina Ron y Valentín Santana, "terroristas" para Washington". Semana. 4 July 2011. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
4. ^ a b "Venezuela's Maduro calls Vatican letter a 'compendium of hatred'". Reuters. 2021-07-22. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2023-11-11.

## External links

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* Venezuela (Nunciature)
* Pope tells Chavez of Venezuelan concerns

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Foreign relations of the Holy See

Africa|

* Algeria
* Central African Republic
* Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Republic of the Congo
* Ivory Coast
* Mauritius

Americas|

* Argentina
* Brazil
* Canada
* Chile
* Cuba
* Mexico
* Nicaragua
* Peru
* United States
* Uruguay
* Venezuela

Asia|

* Bangladesh
* China
* Georgia
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Israel
* Japan
* Jordan
* Kazakhstan
* Kurdistan Region
* Lebanon
* Malaysia
* Myanmar
* Nepal
* Oman
* Pakistan
* Palestine
* Philippines
* Saudi Arabia
* South Korea
* Sri Lanka
* Syria
* Taiwan
* Turkey
* United Arab Emirates
* Vietnam

Europe|

* Albania
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* France
* Germany
* Greece
* Ireland
* Italy
* Monaco
* North Macedonia
* Poland
* Romania
* Russia
* Serbia
* Spain
* Switzerland
* United Kingdom

Oceania|

* Papua New Guinea

Former|

* Soviet Union
* Yugoslavia

Multilateral relations|

* African Union
* ASEAN
* Arab League
* Council of Europe
* European Union
* Organization of American States
* United Nations
* Observer to the UN
* Observer to the UN in Geneva

Related topics|

* Apostolic nunciature
* Cardinal Secretary of State
* Concordats
* Diplomatic missions: of the Holy See/to the Holy See
* Heads of the diplomatic missions of the Holy See
* Legal status of the Holy See
* Multilateral foreign policy of the Holy See
* Secretariat of State
* Section for Relations with States (Roman Curia)

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* t
* e

Foreign relations of Venezuela

Africa|

* Equatorial Guinea
* Kenya
* Libya
* Sahrawi Republic

Americas|

* Antigua and Barbuda
* Argentina
* Belize
* Bolivia
* Brazil
* Canada
* Chile
* Colombia
* Cuba
* Ecuador
* El Salvador
* Guatemala
* Guyana
* Haiti
* Jamaica
* Mexico
* Panama
* Paraguay
* Peru
* Suriname
* Trinidad and Tobago
* United States
* Uruguay

Asia|

* Abkhazia
* Azerbaijan
* Bangladesh
* China
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Israel
* Japan
* Malaysia
* Myanmar
* North Korea
* Palestine
* Philippines
* South Ossetia
* South Korea
* Syria
* Taiwan
* Turkey
* Vietnam

Europe|

* Belarus
* Denmark
* France
* Germany
* Greece
* Holy See
* Italy
* Kosovo
* Netherlands
* Poland
* Portugal
* Russia
* Serbia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom

Former states|

* Yugoslavia

Diplomacy|

| Diplomatic initiatives|

* Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas
* Community of Latin American and Caribbean States
* Petrocaribe
* Diplomatic missions of / in Venezuela

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Disputes|

* Guayana Esequiba
* Gulf of Venezuela

Related|

* Foreign policy of the Hugo Chávez administration
* Betancourt Doctrine

* List of ministers of foreign affairs of Venezuela

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