Hose (clothing)

Historical men's clothing for the legs and lower body

For contemporary styles, see Pantyhose and Hosiery.

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Florentine particolored hose, c. 1470

Hose are any of various styles of men's clothing for the legs and lower body, worn from the Middle Ages through the 17th century, when the style fell out of use in favour of breeches and stockings. The old plural form of "hose" was "hosen". In German these terms (Hose, singular, and Hosen, plural) remained in use and are the generic terms for trousers today. The French equivalent was chausses.

## History

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Since the 13th century, hose were already known to have been worn in Europe; these were tights that stretch from waist to feet. The outline of the legs were conspicuously shown, with the groin area sometimes covered by a material called a codpiece. However, unlike modern tights, these hose were not elastic; they were laced to the doublet to keep them taut.[1]

During the 14th century, medieval hose were made of wool and were made to fit tightly. Towards the end of the century traders and shopkeepers wore coloured hose. Some people did away with wearing shoes and instead wore hose that had leather soles sewn under the foot section, this part of the hose being the same colour as the rest of the leggings. Brighter hose seem to be more prominent by the late 14th century, and seem to more resemble trousers that was held up with rope-belts at the waist; hose were sometimes tied directly to the doublet.[2]

15th century hose were often made particolored or mi-parti, having each leg having a different colour, or even one leg made of two colors. These early hose were footed, in the manner of modern tights, and were open from the crotch to the leg. When very short doublets were in fashion, codpieces were added to cover the front opening.

By the 16th century, hose had separated into two garments: upper hose or breeches and nether hose or stockings. When hunting in the Scottish Highlands, James V wore "heland tartane" hose.[3]

From the mid-16th to early 17th centuries, a variety of styles of hose were in fashion. Popular styles included:

* Trunk hose or round hose, short padded hose. Very short trunk hose were worn over cannions, fitted hose that ended above the knee.
* Slops or galligaskins, loose hose reaching just below the knee.

Trunk hose and slops could be paned or pansied, with strips of fabric (panes) over a full inner layer or lining. A pansied slop is a round hose characterized by the addition of a layer of panes, or strips of fabric running from the waistband to the leg band. These are commonly referred to as "pumpkin" pants.

Other varieties included:

* Pluderhosen, a Northern European form of pansied slops with a very full inner layer pulled out between the panes and hanging below the knee.[4] Originating in Germany, Pluderhosen soon spread to central and Eastern Europe.[5]
* Venetians, semi-fitted hose reaching just below the knee.

In the latter 16th century, breeches began to replace hoses. Unlike breeches, which were sewn together, the hose were in principle separate garments for each leg.

## Gallery

[edit]

* Hose or chausses worn with braies and tied to a belt, 1440

* Servant wearing pluderhosen, 1565

* Charles IX of France wearing padded hose, 1566

* Sir Walter Raleigh in paned trunk hose and cannions, and his son in loose slops, 1602

* Sigismund III of Poland in Spanish-style hose, while one of the popular type of hose in Spain around that time were Polish-style hose, c. 1620[6][7]

## See also

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* 1500–1550 in fashion
* 1550–1600 in fashion

## References

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### Citations

[edit]

1. ^ Ridley, Jasper Godwin (1996). Tudor age. Internet Archive. Woodstock : Overlook. p. 163\. ISBN 978-0-87951-684-0.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)
2. ^ Mortimer, Ian (2009). The time traveller's guide to medieval England : a handbook for visitors to the fourteenth century. Internet Archive. London : Vintage. pp. 107–116\. ISBN 978-1-84595-099-6.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)
3. ^ John M. Gilbert, Elite Hunting Culture and Mary, Queen of Scots (Boydell, 2024), p. 88.
4. ^ Arnold (1986), pp. 16–18.
5. ^ Kopalinski, Wladyslaw. "Słownik". Slownik-online. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
6. ^ Marcin Latka. "Portrait of King Sigismund III Vasa of Poland". artinpl. Retrieved 2 August 2019.
7. ^ de Leguina, Enrique (1812). Glosario de voces de armería. F. Rodríguez. p. 194\. "A la polaca. Las de rayas transversales."

### General and cited references

[edit]

* Arnold, Janet (1985; revised ed. 1986). Patterns of Fashion: The Cut and Construction of Clothes for Men and Women 1560–1620. Macmillan. ISBN 0-89676-083-9.

## External links

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hose (clothing).

* Hose in the Middle Ages and Renaissance: 13th–16th century hose, from illustrations and museums

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Hosiery

Lower leg|

* Bobby socks
* Bootee
* Knee highs
* Leg warmer
* Loose socks
* Socks
* Tabi
* Toe socks
* Crew sock
* Dress socks
* Anklet
* Low cut

Full leg|

* Leggings
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Full body|

* Bodystocking

Historical|

* Boothose
* Hose

Brands|

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Men's undergarments

Upper body|

* Male bra
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* Boxer briefs
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Full body|

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Hosiery|

* Compression stockings
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Historical|

* Breechcloth
* Chausses
* Codpiece
* Doublet
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* Hose
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Historical clothing

Clothing generally not worn today, except in historical settings

Body-length|

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Underwear|

* Basque
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Headwear|

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Footwear|

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Accessories|

* Ascot tie
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