Hurum air disaster

1949 aviation accident

Hurum air disaster

PH-TFA, the aircraft involved in the crash, pictured on 2 April 1948

Accident
Date| 20 November 1949
Summary| Controlled flight into terrain in heavy fog
Site| Hurum, Norway
59°37′12″N 10°34′21″E﻿ / ﻿59.6200447°N 10.5724422°E﻿ / 59.6200447; 10.5724422
Aircraft
Aircraft type| Douglas DC-3 (C-47A-25-DK)
Operator| Aero Holland
Registration| PH-TFA
Flight origin| An unknown airport near Tunisia
Stopover| Brussels Airport
Destination| Oslo Airport
Passengers| 31
Crew| 4
Fatalities| 34
Injuries| 1
Survivors| 1

The Hurum air disaster was an Aero Holland plane crash in Hurum southwest of Oslo, Norway when a Douglas DC-3 which was carrying Jewish children from Tunisia who were to transit through Norway while immigrating to Israel crashed as it was approaching Fornebu Airport on 20 November 1949, killing 34 people, including 27 children.

## Background

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Further information: Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries

In 1949, the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee signed an agreement with the Norwegian Ministry of Welfare under which 200 places in a sanitarium for tuberculosis patients was to be evacuated so as to be made available for Jewish children from North Africa in the process of immigrating to the newly independent state of Israel. In April 1949, about 200 children from Morocco transited through the facility on their way to Israel, and this was to be followed by a group of Tunisian Jewish children.

In Tunisia, which was then a protectorate of France, Youth Aliyah emissaries had arrived after Israeli independence in 1948, and with the consent of the French authorities, selected children for immigration to Israel with the consent of their parents. Most of these children were from poor families.

On 20 November 1949, two DC-3 planes of the Aero Holland company took off from an airport near Tunis. One made it safely to its destination. The other plane, with the registration PH-TFA, stopped at Brussels-Zaventem Airport to repair the radio before setting off for Oslo. On board that plane were 28 children, most of them 8 to 12 years old, and seven escorts and crew.[1]

## The crash

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Itzhak Alal, sole survivor of the crash Wreckage of the plane

As the DC-3 approached Oslo, the pilot encountered heavy fog, and lowered the plane while still in mountainous terrain. Near Hurum, one of the plane's wings hit a tree. The plane continued another 60 meters and crashed into a mountain at 16:56. The force of the collision overturned the plane, blew most of the passengers out, and ignited the fuel tanks, causing the front of the plane to burst into flames. Of the 35 people on board, 34 were killed. The only survivor was a 12-year-old boy, Itzhak Allal, who later changed his name to El Al.[2][1]

The children's memorial at Yanuv

At midnight, Norwegian radio announced that contact with the plane had been lost and asked for the public's help in locating it. A search operation was initiated, and on 22 November, after 42 hours of searching, the wreckage and bodies were found. Allal was found, having survived the crash and freezing temperatures.[3]

The crash was the second deadliest air disaster in Norway at that time, exceeded only by the 35 deaths in the 1947 Kvitbjørn disaster. Public sympathy ran high, and the secretary of the Norwegian Labor Party, Håkon Lie started a fundraiser to build a Norwegian village in Israel. The funds were used in helping build the moshav Yanuv.[1][4]

A memorial to the victims has been raised at the crash site. It is symbolically fenced and decorated with Stars of David. Parts of the wreckage are also at the memorial. In Israel, a memorial to the victims was built in Yanuv. Friends of Israel in the Norwegian Labour Movement (Norwegian: Venner av Israel i Norsk Arbeiderbevegelse) raised money for it to be built.[5] Memorials also exist in Netivot, and Netanya, and a kindergarten in Netanya is named for the children of Oslo.

## See also

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* Egoz (ship)
* Aviation in Norway
* List of sole survivors of airline accidents or incidents

## References

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1. ^ a b דרוקמן, ירון (22 November 2014). "אסון אוסלו והילד הגיבור ששרד". ynet (in Hebrew). Retrieved 22 June 2020.
2. ^ "12-year-old Boy who survived plane crash laid for 2 days in wreckage". Ludington Daily News. 23 November 1949. Archived from the original on 21 September 2015. Retrieved 15 May 2010.
3. ^ 75 years ago Jewish boy was sole survivor of plane crash i Norway
4. ^ Vilnai, Ze'ev (1976). "Yanuv". Ariel Encyclopedia (in Hebrew). Volume 3. Tel Aviv, Israel: Am Oved. p. 2872.
5. ^ Paul Engstad: Norsk arbeiderbevegelses samarbeid med Israel og innsats for fred i Midtøsten : Israel 50 år 1948–1998. VINA Oslo 1998

^ Norwegian report on Norway's relationship with Israel (in Norwegian)

* Accident description at the Aviation Safety Network
* Page about the memorial Archived 28 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine (in Norwegian)

* v
* t
* e

Aviation accidents and incidents in Norway

Includes Svalbard and Jan Mayen

Before 1940|

* Andrée's Arctic balloon expedition (July 1897)
* Italia (May 1928)
* Havørn Accident (June 1936)

1940s|

* British European Airways Flight 530 (August 1946)
* Kvitbjørn disaster (August 1947)
* Bukken Bruse disaster (October 1948)
* Hurum air disaster (November 1949)

1950s|

* Bjørnøya Accident (March 1954)
* Braathens SAFE Flight 253 (November 1956)

1960s|

* Holtaheia Vickers Viking crash (August 1961)

1970s|

* Braathens SAFE Flight 239 (December 1972)
* Helikopter Service Flight 165 (June 1978)

1980s|

* Widerøe Flight 933 (March 1982)
* Braathens SAFE Flight 139 (June 1985)
* Finnair Flight 915 (December 1987)
* Widerøe Flight 710 (May 1988)

1990s|

* Widerøe Flight 839 (April 1990)
* Widerøe Flight 744 (October 1993)
* Scandinavian Airlines System Flight 347 (November 1994)
* Vnukovo Airlines Flight 2801 (August 1996)
* Hemus Air Flight 7081 (September 1996)
* Helikopter Service Flight 451 (September 1997)

2000s|

* Kato Air Flight 605 (September 2004)
* Atlantic Airways Flight 670 (October 2006)

2010s|

* CHC Helikopter Service Flight 241 (April 2016)
* Alta helicopter crash (August 2019)

* v
* t
* e

Aviation accidents and incidents in 1949 (1949)

Jan 17

BSAA Star Ariel disappearance

Feb 19

Exhall mid-air collision

Mar 10

Queensland Airlines Lodestar

May 4

Superga disaster

May 13

Aeroflot Flight 17

Jun 7

Strato-Freight Curtiss C-46A

Jul 2

MacRobertson Miller Aviation DC-3

Jul 12

Standard Air Lines Flight 897R

Aug 19

Manchester DC-3 accident

Sep 9

Canadian Pacific Air Lines Flight 108

Sep 26

Mexicana DC-3 crash

Oct 28

Air France Flight 009

Nov 1

Eastern Air Lines Flight 537

Nov 20

Hurum disaster

Nov 29

American Airlines Flight 157

Dec 18

Sabena DC-3 Crash

1948  ◄ ► 1950

59°36′55″N 10°34′31″E﻿ / ﻿59.61528°N 10.57528°E﻿ / 59.61528; 10.57528
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