Idlib

City in Syria

City in Syria

Idlib

إِدْلِب

City

Idlib

Location of Idlib within Syria

Coordinates: 35°56′N 36°38′E﻿ / ﻿35.933°N 36.633°E﻿ / 35.933; 36.633
Country|  Syria
Governorate| Idlib
District| Idlib
Subdistrict| Idlib
Government

• Governor| Mohammad Abdul Rahman
Area

• Total

| 23 km2 (9 sq mi)
Elevation

| 500 m (1,600 ft)
Population

(2010 census[1])

• Total

| 165,000
Demonym(s)| English: Idlibian
Arabic: إدلبي, romanized: Idlibi
Area code| 23
Geocode| C3871
Climate| Csa

Idlib (Arabic: إِدْلِب, romanized: ʾIdlib, pronounced [ʔid.lib]; also spelt Idleb or Edlib) is a city in northwestern Syria, and is the capital of the Idlib Governorate. It has an elevation of nearly 500 meters (1,600 ft) above sea level, and is 59 kilometers (37 mi) southwest of Aleppo. It is located near the border with Turkey.

## History

[edit]

A Neolithic settlement dating back to 8500 BC was identified at Tell Ain el-Kerkh, near Idlib.[2] The Ebla tablets (2350 BC) mention the city of 𒁺𒄷𒆷𒇥𒌝 (du-ḫu-la-bu6-um "Duhulabum") which is most probably located at Idlib as suggested by Michael Astour and Douglas Frayne; a similarity exists between the sounds of the ancient and modern names. In the tablets, Duhulabuum is 22 km south of "Unqi" which might correspond to the modern village of Kaukanya, located 22 km northeast of Idlib. Thutmose III also mentioned the city with the name Ytḥb.[3]

### Classical Antiquity

[edit]

Byzantine temple at Ruweiha near Idlib

Idlib, along with the rest of Syria, was conquered by the Armenian king Tigranes the Great and incorporated in the Armenian Empire, only to be later conquered by the Roman Pompey the Great around 64 BC. The city was never of much significance, belonging to the province of Roman Syria under the Roman Empire and later to the Eastern Roman province of Syria Secunda before being conquered by the Arabs around the middle of the seventh century. Not much remains from the city's Roman and Byzantine times, except in its museum. North of the city are the Dead Cities, a collection of important archaeological sites from the Byzantine era.

### Ottoman era

[edit]

During early Ottoman rule in Syria, beginning in 1516, Idlib was a small timar (fief). The village of Idlib was founded by Fadil Ahmed Pasha, the son of Grand Vizier Köprülü Mehmed Pasha (r. 1656–1661) who appointed him governor of Damascus Eyalet. In later years, it developed as a town with markets, bathhouses and caravanserais, including Khan Abi Ali and Khan al-Ruz.[4]

From the Köprülü period, Idlib was a center of olive production.[5] which in turn gave way to a prosperous olive-based soap industry. Although the major markets for Idlib's soap were at Aleppo, Antioch, and Hama,[6] the product was exported as far as the Ottoman capital of Istanbul. Idlib was also a major producer of cotton fabrics.[7] Western traveler Josias Leslie Porter noted that Idlib was "encompassed in olive groves, rare in this bleak region",[6] and remarked that its olive groves were larger than those of Damascus, Beirut, or Gaza. In the mid-19th century, the town had an estimated population of 8,000, including 500 Christians.[6] In the late 19th century, Idlib was "flourishing" and still contained several Christian families, according to German orientalist Albert Socin.[8]

### Syrian civil war and HTS takeover

[edit]

Main article: Syrian civil war

Syrian rebels deface a Ba'athist mural at the Mihrab roundabout in Idlib, after the city's capture by rebel forces in 2015

During the uprising since 2011, Idlib was the focus of protests and fighting in the early phase of the Syrian war. As the uprising descended into armed conflict, Idlib became the focus of a rebel campaign, which temporarily captured the city and the governorate before a government offensive in April 2012. After this, government forces retook the city and the rebel-controlled province after a month of fighting before the attempted enforcement of the ceasefire proposed by Kofi Annan. After the 2015 Idlib offensive in March, the rebel alliance Army of Conquest, led by the al-Nusra Front and Ahrar al-Sham, succeeded in the Second Battle of Idlib and captured the city,[9] as well as besieging the Shi'a-majority towns of Al-Fu'ah and Kafriya to the north of Idlib city.[10] In April 2015, the interim seat of the Syrian opposition's Syrian Interim Government was proposed to be Idlib,[11] in Idlib Governorate. On 23 July 2017, Tahrir al-Sham, the successor to the al-Nusra Front, expelled the remaining forces of Ahrar al-Sham from Idlib, capturing the entire city and bringing it under the control of the Syrian Salvation Government.[12]

On 17 September 2018, Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan announced an agreement to establish a demilitarized buffer zone in Syria's Idlib province, intended to separate Syrian government forces from rebel factions. Under the agreement, Turkish and Russian troops would patrol the zone to ensure compliance. Putin stated that all heavy weaponry would be removed from the area and that radical rebel groups, such as the Nusra Front, must withdraw. The buffer zone was set to be operational by October 15, 2018.

## Climate

[edit]

Köppen-Geiger climate classification system classifies its climate as hot-summer Mediterranean (Csa).[13] Summers are hot and rainless, while winters are rainy and cool.

The all-time record high temperature was 44 °C (111 °F) on June 16, 2012.[14]

Climate data for Idlib, elevation 451 m (1,480 ft)

Month  | Jan  | Feb  | Mar  | Apr  | May  | Jun  | Jul  | Aug  | Sep  | Oct  | Nov  | Dec  | Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)  | 10.0
(50.0)  | 12.1
(53.8)  | 16.7
(62.1)  | 21.8
(71.2)  | 27.2
(81.0)  | 31.0
(87.8)  | 32.5
(90.5)  | 33.5
(92.3)  | 31.1
(88.0)  | 26.2
(79.2)  | 18.8
(65.8)  | 12.1
(53.8)  | 22.8
(73.0)
Daily mean °C (°F)  | 6.5
(43.7)  | 7.9
(46.2)  | 11.3
(52.3)  | 16.2
(61.2)  | 20.8
(69.4)  | 25.0
(77.0)  | 26.7
(80.1)  | 27.5
(81.5)  | 25.1
(77.2)  | 20.5
(68.9)  | 13.8
(56.8)  | 8.3
(46.9)  | 17.5
(63.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)  | 2.9
(37.2)  | 3.5
(38.3)  | 6.6
(43.9)  | 10.6
(51.1)  | 14.5
(58.1)  | 19.0
(66.2)  | 21.0
(69.8)  | 21.5
(70.7)  | 19.2
(66.6)  | 14.8
(58.6)  | 8.6
(47.5)  | 4.5
(40.1)  | 12.2
(54.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches)  | 100
(3.9)  | 92
(3.6)  | 59
(2.3)  | 43
(1.7)  | 16
(0.6)  | 4
(0.2)  | 0
(0)  | 1
(0.0)  | 5
(0.2)  | 23
(0.9)  | 39
(1.5)  | 97
(3.8)  | 479
(18.7)
Source: FAO[15]

## Demographics

[edit]

In the 2004 census by the Central Bureau of Statistics of Syria, Idlib had a population of 98,791 and in 2010 the population was around 165,000. The inhabitants are mostly Sunni Muslim,[16] although there was previously a significant Christian minority, but by 2022 there was only a single elderly Christian man left in the city.[17][18][19] Idlib is divided into six main districts: Ashrafiyah (the most populous), Hittin, Hejaz, Downtown, Hurriyah, and al-Qusour.

## Economy

[edit]

Olive orchards at the outskirts of the city. Idlib is a major production center for olives.

Idlib is a major production center for olives, cotton, wheat and fruits, particularly cherries.[20] Other principal crops include almonds, sesame seeds, figs, grapes and tomatoes.[21] In 1995 there were roughly 300 hectares planted with various citrus crop.[22] Olive oil pressing and textiles are some of the city's local industries.[21] The nearby city of Aleppo has an important economic presence in Idlib.[20]

Idlib is a major agricultural center in Syria. It is also historically significant, containing many "dead cities" and tells.

Because of the rapidly declining value of the Syrian pound, the Turkish lira became widespread in Idlib and was adopted as legal tender in the city on 15 June 2020.[23]

## Culture

[edit]

The Idlib Regional Museum in the city contains over 17,000 of the Ebla tablets and serves as Idlib's main tourist attraction, excluding the nearby ancient site of Ebla itself. Under the Technical and Financial Cooperation Agreement between the governments of Italy and Syria, the museum was to undergo a restoration and renovation project starting in 2010.[24][needs update]

## Sports

[edit]

Omayya SC, founded in 1972, is the most popular football team in the city. The club played in the Syrian Premier League for the 2011-2012 season. Idlib Municipal Stadium is the main football venue in the city. 35°56′N 36°38′E﻿ / ﻿35.933°N 36.633°E﻿ / 35.933; 36.633[citation needed]

Refugee and parathlete Dima Aktaa is from the city.[25]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "مدينة إدلب السورية". aljazeera.net. Archived from the original on 2014-10-17. Retrieved 2014-10-16.
2. ^ Steiner, Margarete Laura; Killebrew, Ann E. (2014). The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology of the Levant: C. 8000-332 BCE. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-921297-2.
3. ^ Timothy P. Harrison, Edward B. Banning (17 September 2015). Walls of the Prince: Egyptian Interactions with Southwest Asia in Antiquity: Essays in Honour of John S. Holladay, Jr. BRILL. p. 76\. ISBN 9789004302563. Archived from the original on 2016-06-10. Retrieved 2016-05-20.
4. ^ Bakhit 2010, p. 60.
5. ^ "İdlib, meşhur sadrazam Köprülü Mehmed Paşa'nın en büyük vakıflarından birinin merkezi idi". haberturk.com (in Turkish). 9 September 2018.
6. ^ a b c Porter, 1868, p. 580.
7. ^ Inalcik, 1997, p.501.
8. ^ Baedeker, 1912, p.376.
9. ^ "Gulf allies and 'Army of Conquest". Al-Ahram Weekly. 28 May 2015. Archived from the original on 31 May 2017. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
10. ^ Sherlock, Ruth (29 March 2015). "Thousands flee Syrian city Idlib after rebel capture". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 29 March 2015. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
11. ^ "Will Syrian opposition move interim government to Idlib? - Al-Monitor: the Pulse of the Middle East". Al-Monitor. Archived from the original on 2016-12-26. Retrieved 2016-12-13.
12. ^ "Following the renewed fighting … Ahrar Al-Sham and Tahrir Al-Sham reconcile". SOHR. 24 July 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
13. ^ "Climate: Idlib - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table". Climate-Data.org. Archived from the original on 2013-12-05. Retrieved 2013-12-03.
14. ^ "Idlib, Syria". Voodoo Skies. Archived from the original on 2016-03-21. Retrieved 2013-12-03.
15. ^ "World-wide Agroclimatic Data of FAO (FAOCLIM)". Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations. Retrieved 21 December 2024.
16. ^ Mroue, Bassem. "Syrian forces capture rebel stronghold near Turkey" Archived 2013-09-23 at the Wayback Machine. The Salt Lake Tribune. Associated Press. 2012-03-13. Retrieved on 2012-03-13.
17. ^ "Christian evacuees mourn Idlib". Al-Monitor. 17 April 2015. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
18. ^ Saad, Hwaida (23 January 2022). "'Now There is No One': The Lament of One of the Last Christians in a Syrian City". The New York Times.
19. ^ "'Al-Hajji' Michel Boutros: The last Syrian Christian of Idlib".
20. ^ a b Casule, 2008, p.56.
21. ^ a b Idlib, Syria Archived 2012-03-11 at the Wayback Machine. Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. 2012. Retrieved on 2012-03-11.
22. ^ Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1996, p. 147.
23. ^ DAILY SABAH WITH AGENCIES (2020-06-16). "Idlib follows suit in adopting Turkish lira to shield region from plummeting Syrian pound". Daily Sabah. Retrieved 2020-06-16.
24. ^ Ferrari, 2009, p. 522.
25. ^ Speare-Cole, Rebecca (2020-06-14). "Disabled Syrian refugee helps raise £70k to protect camps from virus". Evening Standard. Retrieved 2022-12-27.

## Sources

[edit]

* Baedeker, Karl (1912), Palestine and Syria, with routes through Mesopotamia and Babylonia and the island of Cyprus: handbook for travellers, K. Baedeker
* Bakhit, Muhammad Adnan (2010). "Abdul-Karim Rafeq, Friend and Colleague". In Sluglett, Peter; Weber, Stefan (eds.). Syria and Bilad al-Sham under Ottoman Rule: Essays in Honour of Abdul-Karim Rafeq. Leiden and Boston: Brill. pp. 59–64\. ISBN 978-90-04-18193-9.
* Casule, F. (2008), Art and History Syria, Casa Editrice Bonechi, ISBN 978-8847601192
* Angelo, Ferrari (2009), Proceedings 4th International Congress on "Science and Technology for the Safeguard of Cultural Heritage in the Mediterranean Basin", vol. 1, Angelo Ferrari-CNR, Institute of Chemical Methodologies, ISBN 978-8896680315
* Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (1996). Citrus Pest Problems and Their Control in the Near East. Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 9251033013.
* Inalcik, Halil (1997), An Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0521574552
* Porter, Josias Leslie (1858). A Handbook for Travellers in Syria and Palestine. Vol. 1\. Murray.

## External links

[edit]

### News and events

[edit]

* eIdleb \- Idleb news and services

### Governmental services

[edit]

* E.sy: Complete governmental online services

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Idlib.

* v
* t
* e

Cities and towns of Syria

Governorate centres|

* Aleppo
* Damascus
* Daraa
* Deir ez-Zor
* Hama
* al-Hasakah
* Homs
* Idlib
* Latakia
* Quneitra
* Raqqa
* Rif Dimashq
* Suwayda
* Tartus

District centres|

* Abu Kamal
* Afrin
* Ariha
* Atarib
* Ayn al-Arab
* Azaz
* al-Bab
* Baniyas
* Darayya
* Dayr Hafir
* Douma
* Duraykish
* Fiq
* al-Haffah
* Harem
* Izra'
* Jableh
* Jarabulus
* Jisr ash-Shughur
* Maarat al-Numaan
* al-Malikiyah
* Manbij
* Masyaf
* Mayadin
* Mhardeh
* al-Mukharram al-Foqani
* an-Nabk
* Palmyra
* Qamishli
* Qardaha
* Qatana
* Qudsaya
* al-Qusayr
* al-Qutayfah
* Ra's al-'Ayn
* al-Rastan
* as-Safira
* Safita
* Salamiyah
* Salkhad
* al-Sanamayn
* Shahba
* ash-Shaykh Badr
* al-Suqaylabiyah
* Talkalakh
* al-Tall
* Tell Abyad
* al-Thawrah
* Yabroud
* Zabadani

Sub-district centres|

* Abu Qilqil
* Abu al-Thuhur
* Akhtarin
* Amuda
* Arbeen
* Arima
* al-Ariqah
* al-Arishah
* Armanaz
* Arwad
* al-Asharah
* Assal al-Ward
* Awj
* Ayn al-Fijah
* Ayn Halaqim
* Ayn Issa
* Ayn al-Nasr
* Babbila
* Banan
* Barri Sharqi
* Beit Jinn
* Binnish
* Bir al-Helou
* Bosra
* Bulbul
* Busayrah
* Da'el
* al-Dana
* Darat Izza
* Darkush
* al-Darbasiyah
* Deir Atiyah
* al-Dimas
* al-Dumayr
* Furqlus
* Ghabaghib
* Ghandoura
* al-Ghariyah
* al-Ghizlaniyah
* al-Hader
* Hadidah
* al-Hajar al-Aswad
* al-Hajib
* Hajin
* al-Hamidiyah
* al-Hamraa
* Harasta
* Harbnafsah
* Harran al-Awamid
* al-Hirak
* Hish
* Hisyah
* al-Hawl
* Huraytan
* al-Huwash
* Ibbin Samaan
* Ihsim
* Jayrud
* al-Jalaa
* al-Janudiyah
* Jaramana
* al-Jarniyah
* Jasim
* al-Jawadiyah
* Jubb al-Jarrah
* Jubb Ramlah
* Jindires
* al-Jiza
* al-Qabu
* Kafr Batna
* Kafr Nabl
* Kafr Takharim
* Kafr Zita
* al-Karamah
* al-Kasrah
* Kessab
* al-Khafsah
* Khan Shaykhun
* Khasham
* Kirnaz
* Kuwayris Sharqi
* Khanaser
* Khirbet Ghazaleh
* Khirbet al-Tin Mahmoud
* al-Kiswah
* Ma'arrat Misrin
* Maabatli
* Maadan
* Maaloula
* Madaya
* Mahin
* Malah
* al-Malihah
* al-Mansurah
* Mare'
* Markada
* Mashta al-Helu
* Maskanah
* al-Masmiyah
* al-Mazraa
* Muhambal
* Muhasan
* al-Musayfirah
* al-Mushannaf
* Muzayrib
* al-Nashabiyah
* al-Nasirah
* Nawa
* Nubl
* al-Qadmus
* al-Qahtaniyah
* Qalaat al-Madiq
* Qarah
* al-Qaryatayn
* al-Qurayya
* Qurqania
* Rajo
* Rankus
* Rasm Harmil al-Imam
* al-Rai
* al-Riqama
* al-Ruhaybah
* al-Saan
* Saasaa
* Sabburah
* al-Sabe' Biyar
* al-Sabkhah
* Sadad
* Sahnaya
* Saidnaya
* Salqin
* Saraqib
* Sarmin
* Sarrin
* Sawran
* Sebei
* al-Shaddadah
* al-Shajara
* Shaqqa
* Sharran
* Shathah
* Shaykh al-Hadid
* al-Shaykh Maskin
* Shayukh Tahtani
* Shin
* Sinjar
* Sirghaya
* Slinfah
* Suluk
* al-Surah al-Saghirah
* al-Suwar
* Suran
* al-Susah
* al-Sukhnah
* al-Tabni
* Talbiseh
* Taldou
* al-Tamanah
* Tasil
* Tell al-Daman
* Tell Hamis
* Tell Rifaat
* Tell Salhab
* Tell Tamer
* Tedef
* Thiban
* Uqayribat
* Urum al-Kubra
* Wadi al-Oyun
* al-Yaarubiyah
* al-Zirbah
* az-Ziyarah

* v
* t
* e

Idlib Governorate

Capital: Idlib

Idlib District

| Idlib Subdistrict|

* Idlib
* Al-Mastumah
* Faylun
* Qminas
* Aqrabat
* Arshani
* Ein Shib
* Kafruhin
* Kreiz
* Martein
* Nayrab
* Ora Shamaliyah
* Sijer
* Tab Issa Gharbi wa Sharki

|

Abu al-Duhur Subdistrict|

* Abu al-Duhur
* Tell Sultan
* Tell Touqan
* Ballisa
* Baragethi
* Barissa
* Busra - Zafar Saghir
* Harmala
* Hmeimat Eldayer
* Hseiniyeh - Tell Kalba
* Jallas
* Jdidhe Abu Elthohur
* Msheirfeh
* Mustariha
* Ras El Ein
* Rasm Abed
* Tell Elaghar
* Tell Fukhar
* Tell Silmo
* Taljineh
* Talkhatra
* Tawahineh
* Tawil Elsheikh
* Tweim
* Taweila
* Zafar al-Kabir

Saraqib Subdistrict|

* Saraqib
* Khan al-Sabil
* Mardikh
* Abul Khos
* Afs
* Ajez
* Anqrati
* Bijfas
* Bweiti
* Dadikh
* Jobas
* Kafr Battikh
* Kafr Amim
* Khuwara
* Lof
* Maar Dibsi
* Maharem
* Rasafa
* Rayan
* Salamin
* San
* Sheikh Idris
* Tell Karatine
* Tronba

Taftanaz Subdistrict|

* Taftanaz
* Ketyan
* Maaret Elnaasan
* Shallakh
* Talhiyeh

Maarrat Misrin Subdistrict|

* Maarrat Misrin
* Zardana
* Harbanoush
* Hizano
* Kafriya
* Kaftin
* Killi
* Maarrat al-Ikhwan
* Batenta
* Bhora
* Kafr Jales
* Kafr Nabi
* Kafr Yahmul
* Murin
* Ram Hamdan
* Taltuneh

Binnish Subdistrict|

* Binnish
* Al-Fu'ah
* Ta'um

Sarmin Subdistrict|

* Sarmin

Ma'arrat al-Nu'man District

| Maarrat al-Nu'man Subdistrict|

* Ma'arrat al-Nu'man
* Abu Makki
* Babilla
* Barsa
* Bsida
* Al-Dana
* Deir al-Gharbi
* Deir Sharqi
* Al-Ghadfa
* Halbeh
* Hantutin
* Harran
* Hatamiyeh
* Hazzan
* Hraki
* Jarada
* Jarjnaz
* Kafr Rumah
* Kanayes
* Kuweires
* Maar Shamshah
* Maar Shamarin
* Maar Shurin
* Maasaran
* Qaratli
* Samkeh
* Sarman
* Tell Dibis
* Tell Kersyan
* Tell Mannas
* Thahrat Talamnas
* Tqana

|

Khan Shaykhun Subdistrict|

* Khan Shaykhun
* Abdin
* Baarbu
* Hbit
* Kafr Ein
* Nqeir
* Qasabiyeh
* Umm Zaytuna

Sinjar Subdistrict|

* Sinjar
* Abu Sharji
* Abul Eleij
* Bashkun
* Borj
* Brennan
* Dreibiyeh
* Dwadiyeh
* Ejaz
* Fahil Jallas
* Ferwan
* Ghazileh
* Halban
* Hawa
* Heisa
* Jaberiyeh
* Jahman
* Jeb Elqasab
* Kafraya Elmaarra
* Karatin al-Kabir
* Karatin Saghir
* Karsanti
* Khayriyeh
* Khayriyeh Saghira
* Khwein Elshaer
* Khyara
* Lweibdeh Shamaliyah
* Lweibdeh Sharki
* Magharet Merza
* Maksar
* Mardagana Burtuqala
* Mreiheb
* Mreijeb Elmashad
* Mutawaseta
* Nibaz
* Ojeh
* Qasr Elabyad
* Qatra
* Rabeeah Brennan
* Rabeeah Musa
* Rasm Elabed
* Saree
* Sarja Gharbiya
* Sarja Sharkiya
* Sayadi
* Seraa
* Shara - Sharat Elajayez
* Sheikh Barakeh
* Sqiah
* Tell Dam
* Tell Elojeh
* Tell Halawa
* Tellemara
* Thleijeh
* Umm Sehrij
* Umm Tini
* Umm Mweilat Janubiyah

Kafr Nabl Subdistrict|

* Kafr Nabl
* Hazarin
* Hass
* Basqala
* Dara al-Kabira
* Faqie
* Fleifel
* Ftireh
* Jbala
* Kafr Musa
* Kafr Oweid
* Karsaa
* Kawkabeh
* Lweibdeh
* Maar Tahroma
* Maar Tamater
* Maar Tesin
* Maarzita
* Milaja
* Qoqfin
* Rasha Shamaliya
* Sfuhen
* Sheikh Mustafa
* Shorlin
* Tramla
* Umm Nir

Tamanah Subdistrict|

* Al-Tamanah
* Sukayk
* Abu Dali
* Abu Omar
* Breiseh
* Dajaj
* Farja
* Hamadaniyeh
* Khwein al-Kabir
* Mashraf Rajmel Mashraf
* Msheirfeh Qabliyeh
* Mushayrifa Shamaliya
* Niha
* Qleiat Eltubiyeh
* Raffa
* Rweideh
* Sahal
* Shatib
* Tell Khanzir
* Tell Maraq
* Tama
* Umm Elkhalayel
* Umm Jalal

Hish Subdistrict|

* Hish
* Abu Habbeh
* Ameriyeh
* Amudiyeh
* Armanaya
* Babuline
* Jabala Sharqiya
* Kafr Basin
* Kafrsajna
* Maar Hattat
* Maysruneh
* Moqa
* Rakaya Sijneh
* Sahyan
* Salhiyeh
* Sheikh Dames
* Al-Tah
* Tahtaya

Ariha District

| Ariha Subdistrict|

* Ariha
* Iblin
* Kafr Latah
* Kurin
* Nahlaya
* Shinan
* Urum al-Jawz
* Abkally
* Bab Ellah
* Banin
* Bazabur
* Berjhab
* Ebneh
* Kafr Shalaya
* Kafraziba
* Maarbalit
* Maarzaf
* Majdaliya
* Moataf
* Maataram
* Mseibin
* Nahleh
* Sarja
* Thaheriya
* Al-Badria

|

Ihsim Subdistrict|

* Ihsim
* Al-Rami
* Juzif
* Marayan
* Abdita
* Arnaba
* Balshun
* Balyun
* Bara
* Bsames
* Deir Sunbul
* Ein Laruz
* Farkya
* Iblin
* Kafr Haya
* Kansafra
* Maghara
* Marata
* Mozra

Muhambal Subdistrict|

* Muhambal
* Anb
* Bales
* Baqlid
* Baydar Shamsu
* Beftamun
* Bsanqul
* Hila
* Hlul
* Hmeimat
* Jadraya
* Kafrmid
* Kniseh
* Laj Shamali
* Matleh, Ariha
* Ora Qabli - Edwan
* Sahen
* Sararif
* Shagurit
* Al-Sad
* Al-Marj

Jisr al-Shughur District

| Jisr al-Shughur Subdistrict|

* Jisr ash-Shughur
* Al-Marj Al-Akhdar Al-Sharqi
* Alyeh
* Balmis
* Bkafla
* Bsheiriyeh - Bello
* Bteibat
* Bzeit
* Dgali
* Ein Elhamra
* Ein Elsoda
* Eshtabraq
* Frikeh
* Ghanya
* Al-Ghassaniyah
* Hallouz
* Hseiniyeh
* Jannet Elqora
* Kafir
* Kniset Nakhleh
* Maalaqa - Bishlamon
* Marj Akhdar Gharbi
* Marj Elzohur
* Matleh
* Mintar
* Msheirfeh
* Qaysiyeh
* Rawda
* Sabileh
* Salhiyeh
* Sali
* Sheikh Sindyan Fawqani
* Shghur Fawqani
* Sokkariyeh
* Tell Awar
* Tell Hamki
* Umm Elgar
* Umm Rish
* Watba
* Al-Arien
* Shughur Tahtani

|

Bidama Subdistrict|

* Bidama
* Armala
* Baksariya
* Ein El-Bayda
* Hanbushiyeh
* Kherbet Eljoz
* Kinda
* Maraand
* Najiyeh
* Ramliyeh
* Shaturiyeh
* Tuffahiyeh
* Yunesiyeh
* Sheikh Sndian Tahtani

Darkush Subdistrict|

* Darkush
* Zarzur
* Amud
* Andnaniyeh - Farjein
* Deir Othman
* Dorriyeh
* Ghazala - Mgheidleh
* Jamiliya
* Matleh - Batlaya
* Mazuleh
* Maryamin
* Ramadiyeh
* Sadiyeh - Bsentiya
* Sawadiya - Nabhan
* Sheikh Issa Elashury
* Thahr
* Turin
* Zahraa
* Zanbaqi

Janudiyah Subdistrict|

* Al-Janudiyah
* Al-Quniyah
* Al-Yacoubiyah
* Athar
* Foz - Zuf
* Hamama - Kafr Debbin
* Hassaniyeh - Hatya
* Judayda
* Maland
* Mudiah - Luxin
* Nasra
* Qaderiyeh - Qayqun
* Tiba - Katrin

Harem District

| Harem Subdistrict|

* Harem
* Ariba
* Besnaya - Bseineh
* Kafr Hum
* Kafr Mu
* Mira Shaq

|

Dana Subdistrict|

* Al-Dana
* Salwah
* Atme
* Qah
* Kafr Dariyan
* Sarmada
* Taladah
* Turmanin
* Aqrabat
* Burj Elnumra
* Deir Hassan - Darhashan
* Hezreh - Hezri
* Tell Elkarame

Salqin Subdistrict|

* Salqin
* Abu Talha
* Isqat
* Al-Alani
* Azmarin
* Talamar
* Betiya
* Bozanti
* Delbiya
* Ein Elbikara
* Foziyeh
* Hamziyeh
* Hir Jamus Kabir
* Hir Jamus Saghir
* Kafarna
* Kafr Hind
* Kafrahlat Jallad
* Saidiyeh
* Al-Shiokh
* Al-Tlul

Kafr Takharim Subdistrict|

* Kafr Takharim
* Kafr Kila
* Abarita
* Bshendlaya - Rashadiya
* Helleh
* Jadeen
* Kafr Maris
* Kuku - Ein Eljaj
* Taltita

Qurqania Subdistrict|

* Qurqania
* Banabil
* Barisha
* Qalb Loze
* Boz Ghaz
* Htan
* Kafr Aruq
* Merat Elshalaf
* Rabeeta
* Radwa
* Ras Elhisn
* Sardin
* Tur Laha

Armanaz Subdistrict|

* Armanaz
* Biret Armanaz
* Bsaliya
* Dweila
* Ghafar
* Hafasraja
* Haj Jomaa
* Kabta
* Kuwaro - Umm Elriyah
* Millis
* Quneitra
* Sheikh Yousef

Authority control databases

International|

* VIAF

National|

* Germany
* United States
* Israel

Other|

* Yale LUX

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