Immigration to Norway

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Foreign citizens immigrating to Norway annually, 1967-2019[1]

As of 1 January 2024[update], Norway's immigrant population consisted of 931,081 people, making up 16.8% of the country's total population, with an additional 221,459 people, or 4.0% of the population born in Norway to two foreign-born parents. The most common countries of birth of immigrants living in Norway were Poland (109,654), Ukraine (65,566), Lithuania (42,733), Syria (38,708), Sweden (36,612), Somalia (27,665), Germany (26,860), Eritrea (25,137), the Philippines (24,718) and Iraq (23,603).[2]

Immigration to Norway has increased over the last decades, beginning in the early 1990s. In 1992, the immigrant population in Norway was 183,000 individuals, representing 4.3% of the total population, and net migration that year was 9,105 people. In 2012, net migration peaked, as 48,714 people came to the country. Since 2013, net migration has decreased. In 2016, net migration was 27,778.[3]

## History

[edit]

Further information: History of Norway

Maud of Wales was the consort of King Haakon VII of Norway (photo's date: 1906).

Historical immigration to Norway started in the Viking Age. The practice of royal intermarriage was common in European aristocracies and elsewhere. The family tree of Norwegian monarchs shows that Norwegian kings used to seek their wives from other royal houses in order to foster ties with foreign countries.[4] Other historical fields linked to migrations were trade and academia, bringing workforce and innovation respectively. The Hanseatic League introduced large scale trade in Bergen and Northern Norway. Mining in Kongsberg, Røros, and other places was made possible by immigrants from nearby countries. During the 19th century the evolution of dairies and the industrial exploitation of waterfalls depended on immigrants. Before the University was established in Christiania in 1811, almost all civil servants from up to circa 1500, were migrants.[5]

From the middle of the 20th century, the history of migration to Norway is characterized by four main phases.[6] The first wave of immigrants came during the 1960s, as a result of demand of labor within the secondary labor market. This group was mainly dominated by men from Pakistan and Turkey, who came to work in the oil sector. The shock of the 1973 Oil Crisis resulted in an immigration stop to Norway, which ended this first wave. The next wave came in the late 1970s, and consisted mostly of family members from former immigrants. The third wave of the mid 1980s was an increasing flow of asylum seekers mainly from Iran (Incl. Kurdistan province), Chile, Vietnam, Sri Lanka and the former Yugoslavia. From the beginning of the 21st century until today, Norwegian immigration has been characterized by a more liberal approach to labor immigration, as well as stricter policies towards asylum seekers.

## Contemporary immigration

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According to the Norwegian Immigration Act, all foreigners have to apply for permanent residency in order to live and work in Norway, except for citizens of Nordic countries.[7] There are four main reasons for immigration to Norway that are lawfully accepted – employment, education, protection and family reunification.[8] In 2016, most Norwegian immigrants came for family reunification (16,465 people), followed by protection (15,190), work (14,372) and education (4,147). Of the total number of 788,531 people who immigrated between 1990 and 2016, most immigrated for family reunification (283,478), followed by work (262,669), protection (156,590) and education (80,956).[8] Norway is part of the European Economic Area (EEA) and the Schengen area. In 2017, 41.2% of the total immigrant population in Norway were from countries in the EU or EEA. 32.4% were from Asia including Turkey, and 13.7% were from Africa. The remaining 12.7% were from European countries not in the EU or EEA, North America, South America and Oceania.[9]

In 1999, the Norwegian Directorate of Immigration (Norwegian: Utlendingsdirektoratet, UDI) started to use blood testing on Somalis who applied for family reunification with parents. The tests showed that 1 out of 4 lied about the family ties. The tests were later changed to DNA tests to verify family ties.[10] The leader of a Somali community organization in Norway and the Norwegian Medical Association protested the tests and wished they would be discontinued.[10] In 2010, UDI started DNA-tests on Somali childless couples who applied for family reunification where one spouse already resided in Norway. The results showed that 40% of such pairs were siblings. As the tests became widely known, the ratio dropped to 25% and the tests were widened to migrants from other regions.[11] By September 2019, 15 foreign residents who had travelled from Norway to Syria or Iraq to join the Islamic State had their residence permits revoked.[12]

### Refugees in Norway

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One cause of immigration in the 20th and 21st century is the need for protection in a new country, due to wars, riots, or political persecution in the migrants' home countries. In the 1950s, refugees came from Hungary to Norway, and in the 1970s from Chile and Vietnam.[6] In the mid-1980s, there was an increase in the number of asylum seekers from countries such as Iran (Incl. Kurdistan province) and Sri Lanka. In the 1990s, war refugees from the Balkans were the predominant immigrant group accepted into Norway; a large number of whom have since returned home to the Balkans. Since the end of the 1990s, new groups of asylum seekers from countries such as Iraq, Somalia, and Afghanistan have arrived in Norway.[citation needed] The Dublin Regulation in 2001 states that non-European refugees applying for asylum in a Dublin country, will only get their application processed once, in the country where they first apply for asylum.[13]

During the European migrant crisis in 2015, a total of 31,145 asylum seekers crossed the Norwegian border in 2015.[14] The number had not been as high since the Balkan wars in 1990s. Most of the asylum seekers came from Afghanistan and Syria. In 2016, the number was dramatically reduced by almost 90%. In 2016, 3460 asylum seekers came to Norway. This was partly due to the stricter border control in Europe.[15] The EU-Turkey agreement, implemented 20 March 2016, was made in order strengthen organized channels of immigration to Europe, and prevent irregular migration from Turkey to the EU.[16] Norway has also accepted refugees from other EU countries, In 2020 it granted asylum to anti-racism activist Rafał Gaweł from Poland, who was facing political persecution in his home country.[17] As part of the UN, Norway receives UN quota refugees. In 2015, the Norwegian government announced that they would receive 8,000 Syrian quota refugees between 2015 and 2017.

### Immigration of Married Children

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In April 2016, Reuters reported that in the past year, Norway admitted 10 married children (children under 16 years of age). Four had children of their own. The Norwegian Directorate of Immigration (UDI) stated that "some" of the married children in Norway live "with their partners." The head of the PLAN charity stated: "If the girl is aged under 16, the minimum age for sexual intercourse in Norway, the child bride refugee should be separated from her husband even if they have children together."[18]

## Demographics

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Further information: Demographics of Norway

### Population

[edit]

As of 2014, an official study showed that 4,081,000 people or 79.9% of the total population were Norwegians having no migrant background (both of their parents were born in Norway)[19] and more than 759,000 individuals (14.9%)[19] were immigrants—or descendants of recent immigrants—from neighbouring countries and the rest of the world. A further 235,000 (4.6%) were born in Norway to one foreign-born parent, and 34,000 (0.7%) were born abroad to one parent born in Norway.

In 2012, of the total 710,465 with immigrant background, 407,262 had Norwegian citizenship (60.2 percent).[20] Of these 13.2%, 335,000 (51%)[19] had a Western background mostly from Poland, Germany, and Sweden. 325,000 (49%)[19] had a non-Western background mostly from Turkey, Morocco, Iraq, Somalia, Pakistan and Iran (Incl. Kurdistan province).[21][22] Immigrants were represented in all Norwegian municipalities. The cities or municipalities with the highest share of immigrants in 2012 were Oslo (30.4 percent), Drammen (25 percent), Lørenskog (23 per cent) and Skien (19.6 percent).[23] According to Reuters, Oslo is the "fastest growing city in Europe because of increased immigration".[24] In recent years, immigration has accounted for most of Norway's population growth.

In 2010, the immigrant community grew by 57,000, which accounted for 90% of Norway's population growth; some 2% of newborn children were of immigrant background (two foreign parents). These statistics indicate that Norway's population is now 87.8% ethnic Norwegian, a figure that has steadily decreased since the late 20th century. Some 12.2% of the population is of solely immigrant background, while 5.7% of the population is of mixed Norwegian-foreign ancestry. People of other European ethnicity are 5.8% of the total, while Asians (including Pakistanis, and Iraqis) are 4.3%, Africans 1.5%, and others 0.6%.[25]

| Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents  |

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2023[26] | 2023
Europe  | 536 431  | 49.17%
Africa  | 149 501  | 13.70%
Asia  | 357 625  | 32.78%
North America  | 13 706  | 1.26%
Latin America and the Caribbean  | 31 061  | 2.85%
Oceania  | 2 710  | 0.25%
Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents, by country background. 1 January[27] | 2023[27]

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Immigrants  | Norwegian-born to immigrant parents  | Immigrants in per cent of total population  | Norwegian-born to immigrant parents in per cent of total population
Total  | 877 227  | 213 810  | 16.0  | 3.9
Nordic countries except Norway, EU/EFTA, UK, USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand  | 378 076  | 51 274  | 6.9  | 0.9
Europe except EU/EFTA and UK, Africa, Asia, America except USA and Canada, Oceania except Australia and New Zealand, polar regions  | 499 150  | 162 535  | 9.1  | 3.0
|  |  |  |
Nordic countries except Norway  | 69 251  | 7 320  | 1.3  | 0.1
EU/EFTA until 2004 except the Nordic countries  | 85 626  | 8 852  | 1.6  | 0.2
New EU countries after 2004  | 207 883  | 34 089  | 3.8  | 0.6
Europe except for EU/EFTA/UK  | 101 058  | 22 589  | 1.8  | 0.4
Australia and New Zealand  | 2 532  | 91  | 0.0  | 0.0
Asia  | 265 120  | 92 273  | 4.8  | 1.7
Africa  | 105 817  | 43 685  | 1.9  | 0.8
America except USA or Canada  | 27 073  | 3 985  | 0.5  | 0.1
USA and Canada  | 12 784  | 922  | 0.2  | 0.0
Oceania except Australia and New Zealand  | 82  | 3  | 0.0  | 0.0

### Education

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Educational attainment of migrants in Norway in 2018[28]

On average immigrants are well educated, with 16% having completed over four years of higher education as of 2018, compared to 10% for the whole population.[29] However, education levels vary a lot between different groups of migrants.

### Social welfare

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In 2017, 56% of all state social welfare was paid to immigrants. 86% of which was paid to immigrants from Asia or Africa. The third largest group was immigrants from non-EU Eastern European countries at 6%.[30] 2024 35% of all state social welfare was paid to Ukrainian Refugees.

### Religion

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Further information: Religion in Norway

Saint Paul Catholic Church, Bergen. Catholicism in Norway has grown from recent immigration, notably by Poles.

Immigration has altered the religious demography of Norway. Among the immigrants, 250,030 have background from predominantly Christian countries, 119,662 from predominantly Muslim countries, 28,942 from mostly Buddhist countries, and 7,224 from countries that are predominantly Hindu.[31] The proportion of Muslim immigrants has fallen drastically in recent years, from about 80% in 2000 to less than 20% in 2007.[32]

As of 2008 there were living in Norway somewhere between 120,000 and 163,000 persons who had either immigrated from or who had parents who had immigrated from countries where Islam is the predominant religion, accounting for up to 3.4% of the country's total population.[32][33] This number should be interpreted with caution according to a report by Statistics Norway, as there are significant religious minorities in several of these countries, and varying degrees of commitment to the religion. In the same year, 84,000 persons were members of an Islamic congregation.[32] The largest single denomination besides the state church is the Roman Catholic Church, which had a membership of more than 54,000 in 2008. It gained about 10,000 new members, mostly Poles, in the period 2004–2008.[32] Other religions which have increased mainly as a result of recent post-war immigration (with percentages of adherents in parentheses), include Hinduism (0.5%), Buddhism (0.4%), Eastern Orthodoxy and Oriental Orthodoxy (0.2%) and the Bahá'í Faith (<0.1%).

### Employment

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Statistics Norway has been criticized in 2018 for misrepresenting employment levels for African and Asian immigrants due to employment was counted from 1 weekly hour of work. Counting full-time employment as 30 hours of work per week, the figures were significantly lower. While official figures show that 35.2% of Pakistani female immigrants are employed, only 20% are in full-time employment.[34]

Employment rates of the 20 most common migrant groups in Norway, aged 20–66[35] Country of origin[36] | 2015  | 2016  | 2017  | 2018  | 2019

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Poland | 72.2  | 74.2  | 75.1  | 76.7  | 75.9
Lithuania | 71.2  | 63.0  | 74.6  | 77.0  | 76.8
Somalia | 33.6  | 36.0  | 39.0  | 41.3  | 43.3
Sweden | 82.2  | 81.8  | 82.3  | 82.7  | 82.7
Pakistan | 50.7  | 51.7  | 52.7  | 54.1  | 55.5
Syria | 21.1  | 16.2  | 20.4  | 30.0  | 35.9
Iraq | 45.8  | 47.8  | 48.2  | 50.3  | 51.4
Eritrea | 39.0  | 41.8  | 46.4  | 51.7  | 58.6
Germany | 76.8  | 77.6  | 78.1  | 78.9  | 78.1
Philippines | 64.4  | 66.9  | 70.1  | 71.5  | 72.4
Vietnam | 63.4  | 62.9  | 63.3  | 64.2  | 64.7
Iran (Incl. Kurdistan province)  | 56.7  | 56.7  | 57.1  | 58.8  | 59.9
Thailand | 66.2  | 65.6  | 67.4  | 68.6  | 70.1
Russia | 63.0  | 63.7  | 64.4  | 66.7  | 67.1
Afghanistan | 55.1  | 55.9  | 57.4  | 59.0  | 59.6
Denmark | 76.9  | 76.5  | 76.7  | 77.3  | 77.1
Turkey | 52.8  | 53.2  | 54.8  | 55.0  | 54.4
India | 61.3  | 62.4  | 63.6  | 64.3  | 65.7
Bosnia-Herzegovina | 68.7  | 68.7  | 70.1  | 71.0  | 71.5
Romania | 68.8  | 68.5  | 69.5  | 69.9  | 70.1
Whole population | 75.0 | 74.8 | 75.3 | 76.1 | 76.3
All migrants | 63.9 | 64.0 | 65.0 | 66.5 | 67.1

#### Unemployment

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Immigrant employment rates are generally higher in Norway than overall employment rates in most countries [citation needed], the overall unemployment rate among immigrants being 6.5% in May 2011, totalling about 20,000 persons. The unemployment rate in the population as a whole was 2.7% at this time. There are differences between immigrant groups. People with Ukrainian backgrounds have the highest unemployment rates, with 79.4%. Unemployment rates among immigrants from Asia and Eastern Europe were 8.2% and 7.4%, respectively. Persons born in Norway to immigrant parents, still a young and relatively small demographic, had an unemployment rate of 5.0%, totalling 766 persons. This was 1.6 percentage points above persons with Norwegian-born parents in the same age group, and 2.1 percentage points below immigrants in the same age group.[37]

#### Workforce participation

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Overall workforce participation in the immigrant population was 61.6% in 2010,[37] compared to 71.9% for the population as a whole.[38] Ukrainian immigrants had the lowest workforce participation, with 20.9%. Persons born to immigrant parents had a workforce participation of 53.0%, similar to that of the corresponding age demographic with Norwegian-born parents.[37]

### Health

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Immigrants from low income countries in Africa and Asia constitute a large proportion of those diagnosed with chronic infectious diseases Tuberculosis, HIV and Hepatitis B. Those who fall ill are often infected in their country of origin and are only diagnosed as they arrive in Norway, or they are infected during later visits to the home country of their family. In addition, these immigrants are less likely than Norwegian travellers to take travel vaccines against malaria, as they are unaware that after a couple of years in Norway they lose the immunity they had in their home country. Immigrants also socialize more with other immigrants and are therefore at greater risk of being infected while in Norway.[39]

In 2016, there were 298 reported cases of tuberculosis; of these, about 90% were people born outside Norway.[39] In the 2013–2017 period people born outside Norway represented 60% of the about 225 annual cases of HIV infections and 96% of the 675 annual cases of chronic Heptatitis B.[39]

## Effects of immigration

[edit]

### Demographic

[edit]

Norwegian and foreign born population pyramid in 2023 Youths in Oslo

From 1977 to 2012, the number of non-Norwegian citizens living in Norway of European descent has increased from around 46,000 to around 280,000. In the same period the number of citizens of nations on other continents increased from about 25,000 to about 127,000, of which 112,230 from Middle East, Asia, Africa and South America.[40] If people with two immigrant parents are counted, the total immigrant population has risen from 57,041 in 1970 to 710 465 in 2012, the non-European proportion rose from 20.1% to 46.1%. The proportion of women in the immigrant population shifted from 56.1% in 1970 to 48.0% in 2012.[41] According to a book chapter published by Amsterdam University in 2008 and authored by Prof. Mete Feridun of University of Greenwich, immigration has a positive impact on economic growth in Norway and it has no statistically significant impact on unemployment in the job market.[42]

### Crime

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See also: Crime in Norway and Immigration and crime

According to an analysis of 1998–2002 crime statistics, non-Western immigrants were overrepresented for violent crime, economic crime and traffic violations.[43][needs update] According to data released by the European Council, 341 out of the year 2000 prison inmate population of 2643 were foreign nationals, a share of 12.9%. In the year 2010 foreign nationals represented 1129 out of a 3636 total, a 31.1% share. These figures were corroborated by officials of the Norwegian Correctional Service which stated the rising trend escalated when 8 countries joined the Schengen Area in 2007.[44] In order to decrease costs for interpreters and other special needs of foreign inmates, foreign nationals serving sentences involving subsequent deportation were in 2012 incarcerated in an institution holding only foreigners as they are not intended to be re-integrated into Norwegian society.[45] This institution opened in December 2012 in Kongsvinger.[46]

In September 2016, Norwegian authorities discovered that more than a million identity papers had been issued without stringent checks which enabled fraudsters to claim social welfare benefits of many persons simultaneously.[47][relevant?] 2007 was the first time when foreign perpetrators of partner murders were in the majority. While 13% of Norway's population are foreigners, they represent 47% of perpetrators who have murdered their partner.[48] The most prevalent countries of origin were: Iran, Afghanistan, Iraq, Somalia and Eritrea.[48] In 2018, an investigation into court cases involving domestic violence against children showed that 47% of the cases involved parents who were both born abroad. According to a researcher at Norwegian Police University College the over-representation was due to cultural (honor culture) and legal differences in Norway and foreign countries.[49]

### Fiscal effects

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According to Statistics Norway, every non-Western immigrant mean net deficit of 4.1 million NOK for Norwegian authorities, where tax income are reduced by welfare payments. The 15400 non-Western immigrants who arrived in 2012 will then result in expenses of about 63 000 million NOK, half the sum the Norwegian government revenue from the oil fund.[50] Immigrants from Africa and Asia generally contributed less to tax uptake of the Norwegian state, where immigrants from Africa aged 25–62 contributed 50 000 NOK annually, immigrants from Asia contributed 70 000 NOK annually and the general population 140 000 NOK annually.[51] Of the immigrant population 7.5% received social benefits compared to the other population at 2.2% The share of immigrants from Ukraine on social benefits was 78%, Somalia 38% Syria 30%, Afghanistan 22% and Iraq 20%.[51]

According to calculations by Finansavisen, the cost of the average Somali to the state is 9 million NOK, assuming that the descendants are perfectly integrated into Norwegian society. Of non-Western immigrants, Tamils do best with a cost of 1 million NOK. Swedes who already have an education and migrate to Norway give a net addition to the state balance sheet. Neighbouring countries India and Pakistan have a significant difference in state expenses, whereas the average Indian lead to costs of 1.6 million NOK, the average Pakistani costs 5.1 million NOK.[52]

## Legal and administration issues

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Further information: Norwegian nationality law

The Directorate of Immigration (UDI) is responsible for the administration of immigration into the country.[53] Before the UDI was established in 1988, several government organisations were involved in administering immigration.[54] Another body, Integrerings- og mangfoldsdirektoratet (IMDi) (Directorate of Integration and Diversity), "contribute[s] to equality in living conditions and diversity through employment, integration and participation".[55]

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (January 2011)

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## Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents, by country of origin

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Country of origin[36] | Population (1970)  | Population (1980)  | Population (1990)  | Population (2000)  | Population (2010)  | Population (2020)[56]

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Poland | 1,198  | 1,672  | 4,661  | 6,282  | 52,125  | 115,416
Sweden | 11,198  | 11,018  | 12,732  | 23,240  | 31,193  | 38,854
Somalia | 3  | 31  | 1,391  | 8,386  | 25,496  | 43,273
Lithuania | 3  | 4  | 8  | 278  | 10,341  | 47,304
Pakistan | 163  | 6,828  | 15,488  | 22,831  | 31,061  | 38,674
Iraq | 20  | 38  | 759  | 7,664  | 26,374  | 34,268
Germany | 5,295  | 5,891  | 6,718  | 9,102  | 22,859  | 28,258
Vietnam | 20  | 2,072  | 8,757  | 15,390  | 20,100  | 23,655
Denmark | 12,306  | 14,571  | 18,543  | 18,863  | 19,298  | 21,010
Philippines | 70  | 789  | 3,384  | 5,573  | 13,447  | 26,334
Iran | 43  | 135  | 5,381  | 10,354  | 16,321  | 23,331
Russia | 41  | 43  | 59  | 3,012  | 14,873  | 22,191
Turkey | 236  | 2,384  | 6,155  | 10,481  | 15,998  | 20,075
Bosnia-Herzegovina | 0  | 0  | 3  | 12,614  | 15,918  | 18,542
Thailand | 29  | 191  | 1,097  | 3,298  | 12,268  | 22,194
Afghanistan | 0  | 3  | 266  | 804  | 10,475  | 21,942
Sri Lanka | 23  | 263  | 4,893  | 9,826  | 13,772  | 15,737
United Kingdom | 4,738  | 8,658  | 11,830  | 11,161  | 12,843  | 16,154
Kosovo | 0  | 0  | 0  | 0  | 12,719  | 16,357
Eritrea | 0  | 3  | 18  | 733  | 5,789  | 29,102
India | 246  | 1,882  | 4,672  | 5,996  | 9,747  | 19,135
Romania | 115  | 150  | 309  | 994  | 4,533  | 17,653
China, People's Republic of | 369  | 683  | 1,968  | 3,548  | 7,326  | 11,856
Latvia | 11  | 14  | 14  | 318  | 2,856  | 12,318
Morocco | 401  | 1,286  | 3,064  | 5,409  | 8,058  | 10,738
United States | 7,069  | 10,289  | 8,999  | 7,571  | 7,707  | 10,213
Iceland | 761  | 1,566  | 2,144  | 3,819  | 4,966  | 8,001
Netherlands | 1,465  | 2,222  | 2,926  | 3,821  | 6,926  | 8,974
Chile | 85  | 947  | 5,901  | 6,377  | 7,607  | 7,983
Ethiopia | 8  | 227  | 1,532  | 2,525  | 5,156  | 12,036
Finland | 1,993  | 3,590  | 4,146  | 6,550  | 6,665  | 7,373
France | 705  | 1,683  | 2,006  | 2,364  | 3,930  | 6,389
Bulgaria | 256  | 166  | 339  | 769  | 2,152  | 8,212
Estonia | 16  | 24  | 24  | 303  | 2,092  | 5,233
Spain | 591  | 893  | 1,143  | 1,363  | 2,205  | 7,342
Serbia | 0  | 0  | 0  | 0  | 2,748  | 8,874
Ukraine | 6  | 6  | 3  | 331  | 2,604  | 6,939
Brazil | 68  | 140  | 397  | 730  | 2,814  | 5,871
Syria | 7  | 48  | 213  | 763  | 2,010  | 36,026
Myanmar | 6  | 13  | 31  | 60  | 3,015  | 4,186
Palestine | 0  | 0  | 0  | 64  | 2,939  | 4,331
Slovakia | 0  | 6  | 3  | 158  | 2,142  | 4,309
Hungary | 1,481  | 1,562  | 1,646  | 1,642  | 2,288  | 4,734
Croatia | 0  | 3  | 10  | 1,541  | 3,244  | 6,109
North Macedonia | 0  | 0  | 0  | 707  | 3,117  | 4,459
Italy | 598  | 748  | 925  | 1,219  | 1,992  | 5,162
Sudan | 3  | 27  | 59  | 371  | 1,318  | 6,164
Lebanon | 11  | 85  | 614  | 1,540  | 2,397  | 3,865
Congo, Democratic Republic of | 12  | 12  | 93  | 236  | 2,050  | 4,300
Portugal | 147  | 390  | 605  | 701  | 1,079  | 3,906
Ghana | 11  | 33  | 777  | 1,341  | 2,034  | 3,022
Czech Republic | 109  | 141  | 165  | 526  | 1,464  | 2,556
Nigeria | 11  | 118  | 332  | 504  | 1,247  | 2,692
Colombia | 32  | 107  | 250  | 476  | 1,216  | 2,451
Canada | 688  | 951  | 1,057  | 1,138  | 1,602  | 2,245
Greece | 185  | 257  | 437  | 504  | 743  | 3,550
Algeria | 66  | 136  | 478  | 880  | 1,497  | 1,874
Kenya | 13  | 124  | 340  | 642  | 1,275  | 2,373
Gambia | 19  | 153  | 615  | 984  | 1,409  | 1,855
Australia | 234  | 393  | 483  | 600  | 1,220  | 1,917
Indonesia | 102  | 164  | 241  | 383  | 1,148  | 1,851
Switzerland | 470  | 610  | 741  | 932  | 1,204  | 1,740
Nepal | 0  | 0  | 19  | 126  | 681  | 2,605
Burundi | 0  | 0  | 3  | 62  | 1,119  | 1,561
Peru | 30  | 71  | 212  | 458  | 1,054  | 1,587
Tunisia | 39  | 106  | 382  | 607  | 1,106  | 1,596
Austria | 593  | 659  | 748  | 792  | 997  | 1,480
Liberia | 3  | 8  | 23  | 26  | 1,075  | 1,240
Uganda | 11  | 176  | 246  | 473  | 903  | 2,383
Belgium | 256  | 388  | 564  | 600  | 879  | 1,460
Egypt | 83  | 170  | 281  | 399  | 806  | 1,640
Mexico | 31  | 79  | 161  | 317  | 773  | 1,609
Bangladesh | 3  | 51  | 476  | 457  | 799  | 1,696
Belarus | 0  | 0  | 0  | 105  | 710  | 1,487
South Korea | 25  | 107  | 321  | 395  | 795  | 1,430
Venezuela | 12  | 30  | 55  | 134  | 580  | 1,397
Ireland | 120  | 249  | 410  | 460  | 640  | 1,101
Cuba | 8  | 14  | 40  | 204  | 736  | 1,205
Kazakhstan | 0  | 0  | 0  | 46  | 715  | 1,203
South Africa | 203  | 306  | 375  | 493  | 773  | 1,298
Japan | 216  | 410  | 538  | 579  | 787  | 1,181
Argentina | 141  | 239  | 309  | 371  | 649  | 1,256
Albania | 23  | 15  | 21  | 156  | 491  | 2,996
Hong Kong | 33  | 211  | 584  | 741  | 831  | 1,110
Faroe Islands | 284  | 432  | 455  | 853  | 754  | 751
Dominican Republic | 3  | 8  | 53  | 247  | 609  | 1,131
Tanzania | 7  | 68  | 182  | 414  | 739  | 947
Rwanda | 3  | 3  | 6  | 176  | 653  | 900
Malaysia | 10  | 90  | 160  | 273  | 485  | 973
Israel | 70  | 152  | 372  | 453  | 612  | 817
Moldova | 0  | 0  | 3  | 26  | 323  | 1,667
Cameroon | 8  | 15  | 19  | 62  | 472  | 886
Sierra Leone | 14  | 25  | 149  | 227  | 553  | 689
Azerbaijan | 0  | 0  | 0  | 77  | 435  | 718
Libya | 0  | 5  | 46  | 56  | 302  | 1,055
Cambodia | 0  | 8  | 147  | 271  | 485  | 632
Jordan | 3  | 22  | 57  | 133  | 388  | 858
Cape Verde | 10  | 63  | 193  | 293  | 496  | 527
New Zealand | 106  | 164  | 204  | 230  | 432  | 544
Angola | 0  | 0  | 22  | 96  | 408  | 566
Ecuador | 11  | 40  | 65  | 161  | 350  | 642
Uzbekistan | 0  | 0  | 0  | 31  | 326  | 796
Montenegro | 0  | 0  | 0  | 0  | 350  | 701
Kuwait | 0  | 3  | 13  | 131  | 345  | 671
Saudi Arabia | 3  | 0  | 16  | 43  | 220  | 1,223
Singapore | 13  | 98  | 178  | 215  | 352  | 519
Yemen | 0  | 0  | 11  | 45  | 197  | 816
Zambia | 0  | 6  | 58  | 106  | 301  | 521
Bhutan | 0  | 0  | 3  | 8  | 229  | 421
Slovenia | 0  | 0  | 0  | 53  | 203  | 529
Georgia | 0  | 0  | 0  | 17  | 228  | 398
Armenia | 0  | 0  | 0  | 30  | 226  | 405
Bolivia | 6  | 13  | 86  | 120  | 230  | 391
Côte d'Ivoire | 3  | 8  | 59  | 106  | 258  | 410
United Arab Emirates | 0  | 0  | 3  | 33  | 166  | 647
Senegal | 0  | 4  | 29  | 72  | 205  | 417
Guinea | 8  | 9  | 34  | 38  | 154  | 423
Trinidad and Tobago | 48  | 117  | 159  | 195  | 259  | 288
Taiwan | 0  | 15  | 95  | 114  | 218  | 384
Zimbabwe | 3  | 11  | 47  | 111  | 193  | 326
Congo, Republic of | 0  | 3  | 14  | 22  | 151  | 321
El Salvador | 3  | 6  | 54  | 126  | 190  | 285
Uruguay | 12  | 87  | 158  | 173  | 185  | 250
Madagascar | 97  | 105  | 127  | 139  | 198  | 243
Mauritius | 14  | 108  | 177  | 179  | 211  | 235
Kyrgyzstan | 0  | 0  | 0  | 3  | 149  | 302
South Sudan | 0  | 0  | 0  | 0  | 0  | 435
Guatemala | 8  | 22  | 42  | 74  | 146  | 241
Greenland | 7  | 33  | 69  | 120  | 164  | 212
Mozambique | 3  | 6  | 23  | 55  | 126  | 200
Jamaica | 4  | 30  | 39  | 65  | 135  | 194
Nicaragua | 3  | 9  | 28  | 76  | 137  | 209
Togo | 3  | 3  | 54  | 78  | 129  | 175
Cyprus | 12  | 32  | 70  | 91  | 103  | 184
Mongolia | 0  | 0  | 0  | 7  | 96  | 188
Costa Rica | 3  | 16  | 34  | 54  | 112  | 190
Tajikistan | 0  | 0  | 0  | 10  | 102  | 152
Honduras | 7  | 13  | 58  | 63  | 101  | 152
Laos | 0  | 3  | 60  | 57  | 92  | 159

## Opposition

[edit]

The Norwegian far-right opposes immigration from non-European countries. The Progress Party describes their position like this: "Immigration from countries outside the EEA must be strictly enforced to ensure a successful integration. It can not be accepted that fundamental Western values and human rights are set aside by cultures and attitudes that certain groups of immigrants bring with them to Norway."[57] In the 2011 terrorist attacks, a former Progress Party member murdered 77 people, mostly children and young adults attending a Labour Party youth event. The attacker opposed migration for anti-Islamic reasons and accused the Labour Party of "promoting multiculturalism".[58]

From 1987-1995, Norway had a party called Stop the Immigration.

## See also

[edit]

* Opposition to immigration
* Remigration
* List of countries by foreign-born population
* List of sovereign states and dependent territories by fertility rate

## References

[edit]

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4. ^ From Harald Finehair to Håkon Håkonsson eight out of ten known queens were princesses from neighbouring countries. Steinar Imsen. Våre dronninger (in Norwegian). Grøndahl og Dreyer. 1991. ISBN 82-09-10678-3
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36. ^ a b Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents
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58. ^ "Prime minister: Norway still 'an open society' despite 'the horror' Archived 29 November 2014 at the Wayback Machine" CNN, 25 July 2011

## Further reading

[edit]

* "9 Migration policy". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Norway). 2008. Accessed 7 August 2011.
* "Population statistics. Immigration and emigration, 2010". Statistics Norway. Accessed 22 July 2011.
* "Overview 2008: How well is integration working?" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 September 2011. (714 KB). Directorate of Integration and Diversity. 18 May 2009. Accessed 22 July 2011. 22 July 2011. See webpage.
* "Immigrants in the Norwegian media" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 September 2011. (765 KB). Directorate of Integration and Diversity. 7 April 2010. Accessed 22 July 2011. 22 July 2011. See webpage Archived 30 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine.
* Mete Feridun, Investigating the Economic Impact of Immigration on the Host Country: The Case of Norway, in Kolb, Holger and Egbert, Henrik (Eds.), 46–55, Migrants and Markets: Perspectives from Economics and Other Social Sciences, Amsterdam University Press (2008).

## External links

[edit]

* Directorate of Immigration
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