Immigration to Portugal

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages)

This article may be too long to read and navigate comfortably. Consider splitting content into sub-articles, condensing it, or adding subheadings. Please discuss this issue on the article's talk page. (July 2025)

|

This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (July 2025) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

|

(Learn how and when to remove this message)

Legal foreign
residents in PortugalYear| Pop.| ±% p.a.

|
|

1974 | 32,057| —
1980 | 50,750| +7.96%
1985 | 79,594| +9.42%
1990 | 107,767| +6.25%
1995 | 168,316| +9.33%
2000 | 207,587| +4.28%
2005 | 274,631| +5.76%
2010 | 443,055| +10.04%
2015 | 383,759| −2.83%
2020 | 666,374| +11.67%
2022 | 994,011| +22.13%
2023 | 1,293,463| +30.13%
2024 | 1,546,521| +19.56%
Source:[1][2][3][4][5][6]

As of December 2022, Portugal had 1,733,067 foreign-born residents, out of 10,516,621 total, accounting for 16.48% of its population.[7][8] This figure includes Portuguese nationals born abroad.

In 2023, AIMA reported that, of the 1,044,606 foreign residents believed to be living in Portugal, 553,801 identified as male (53%), and 490,437 as female (47%).[9] 63.5% of foreign citizens lived in Lisbon, Faro or Setúbal districts: these districts account for 35.2% of the country's population.[10]

Portuguese and foreign born population pyramid in 2021

As of December 2023, places of origin included: the Americas (38.9%), Europe (26.5%), Asia (16.1%), Africa (18.4%) and Oceania (0.1%).[11] Major countries of origin were Brazil, Angola, Cape Verde, United Kingdom, India, Italy, Guinea-Bissau, Nepal, China, France and São Tomé and Príncipe. Brazilians made up the largest group (368,449), followed by Angolans (55,589) and Cape Verdeans (48,885).[9]

The share of children born in Portugal to foreign resident mothers stood at 21.9% in 2023.[12][13][14] The share of children born from foreign-born mothers reached 25% in 2022.[15]

African immigrants in Rossio, Lisbon

Immigration is the only reason that the Portuguese population still grows. Foreigners in Portugal have higher activity[clarification needed] rates than nationals, as per the 2022 Annual Statistical Report of the Observatory.[16][17][18][19][20] Immigrants have been proved to be particularly vital to some economic sectors that employ few Portuguese nationals, mainly due to low wages, such as tourism,[21][22] fisheries,[23] agriculture,[24] catering,[25] and civil construction.[26]

## History

[edit]

Portugal, long a country of emigration, became a country of net immigration, from the last Portuguese overseas territories in India (until 1961), Africa (until 1975), and Far East Asia (until 1999).

### Retornados, return migration and first immigrant communities: 1954–1986

[edit]

Hindu festival in Portugal

India annexed the Portuguese-ruled Dadra and Nagar Haveli in 1954 and integrated Daman and Diu and Goa in 1961, ending Portuguese colonial rule in India. In 1961, the newly independent state of Benin expelled the small Portuguese garrison that was stationed at the Fort of São João Baptista de Ajudá, which had been a center of Portuguese trade and influence in West Africa.

Following these events, white Portuguese settlers, people of mixed Portuguese descent, and others began migrating to Portugal. Many from India traveled via Karachi, a city hosting an important Goan community. In addition to civilians, the migration included approximately 3,500 Portuguese military officers, who sought to resettle in Portugal. In the first two weeks following the annexation of Goa, around 1,000 people moved to Portugal by air or by boat.[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]

Typical Indo-Portuguese bebinca served in Lisbon

According to a 2017 estimate by Casa de Goa, the Goan association in Portugal, approximately 20,000 people of Goan descent then lived in Portugal. However, other estimates suggest that the community may number as many as 50,000.[36][37][38] The overwhelming majority of Goan-Portuguese people natively speak Portuguese and are Catholic, thus facilitating the integration process that peaked in the 1960s and 1970s, following the Indian annexation.[39][40][41]

While they are a fraction (about 16%) of the Indians in Portugal, Goans are well-adapted. As early as the 19th century, Goans had become Members of Parliament (e.g. Francisco Gomes), and by 1958 23 university professors and 19 politicians of Goan descent were present. Of the 14 Prime Ministers in Portuguese democratic history, 2 were of Goan descent: Alfredo Nobre da Costa and António Costa.[42][43][44] Goans in Portugal are mainly of upper class extraction and work in professions. Later, they were joined by migrants of Goan descent from African colonies, especially Mozambique.[45][46][47][48][49][50]

On the other hand, Gujarati speakers from Daman and Diu tended to show lower levels of integration, with a large community found in Marvila, Lisbon.[51][52]

In the late 1960s, Portugal also saw an influx of people of Portuguese descent relocating from the Democratic Republic of the Congo.[53]

Afro-Portuguese in Lisbon

A major immigrant influx and—to date, the largest wave—started in 1974, when over a million Portuguese citizens from Portugal's African territories (mostly from Angola and Mozambique) immigrated.[54] They are known as retornados (meaning "those who came back") — Portuguese settlers and descendants of Portuguese (or other Europeans such as Germans or Italians) settlers born in former African colonies who relocated to Portugal after independence and in the first half of the 1980s. Due to colonization, white and mestiço people were frowned upon; in many cases, white Luso-Africans experienced racist incidents. In particular, due to the Angolan Civil War, Portuguese in Angola left en masse, often leaving their possessions behind, allowed to exit the country with only 15,000 escudos (approx. €2,870 in 2023). Of those leaving Mozambique, many were part of the Indian community along with whites and Blacks.[55][56][57][58][59][60] In 2021, 240,499 retornados resided in Portugal after leaving Africa in the 1970s.[61]

Terreiro do Paço in 1975, during the retornados crisis

In the second half of the 1980s, immigration by people of African descent became noticeable, attracted by Portuguese economic growth and the worsening of conditions in Angola and Mozambique due to continuing civil wars. One of the primary settlement areas for Black communities in Portugal, especially from Cape Verde, were the lands north of Lisbon, Benfica, Amadora, and Odivelas. Starting from the 1970s, clandestine neighborhoods (bairros clandestinos) emerged there, often lacking basic services and plagued by crime.[62] From 1993 onwards, with Portugal's slum eradication program, many people were provided with alternative public housing and, despite initial discrimination, found success.[63][64][65]

### 1986–2007

[edit]

Cape Verdean Batuque dancers in Damaia, Amadora in the early 90s

Immigration to Portugal increased after the country's accession to the EU in 1986 and soared in the late 1990s, partly due to human trafficking.[66][67]

After Macau returned to China in 1999, many Macanese moved to Portugal. According to a 1991 survey, 70% of Macanese were planning to emigrate, including 63.5% who planned to move to Portugal. In 1991, 500 Macanese families were living in Lisbon.[68][69][70][71]

Ukrainian migration to Portugal started in the late 1990s, and grew in the early 2000s. Initially, immigrants arrived through both organized and illegal channels, often with Schengen visas.[72][73][74]

In 2007, the country hosted around 435,000 foreign residents,[75] excluding naturalised citizens and people of foreign descent. From 1998 to 2006, around 21,000 people were granted citizenship, with more than 60% hailing from Africa, and in particular from Portuguese speaking African countries.[76]

### 2008–2013

[edit]

Immigration to Portugal decreased significantly after the 2008 financial crisis. At the same time, emigration increased.

Ukraine Avenue in Lisbon, inaugurated in 2008

Between 2008 and 2013 the unemployment rate rose from 7.6% to 17.1%[77] and 2013 GDP was 7.60% lower than 2007 GDP.[78] Between 2007 and 2013 inflation reached 10.4%, significantly decreasing the purchasing power of Portuguese families.[79] From 2008 to 2013, around 412,000 people left the country (51% permanently).[80] Of those who left the country 5.5% (22,547 people) were foreigners and 65.3% of the departing foreigners left permanently. Thus 3.9% of the 2008 population left the country in just 6 years.

Portugal reached its historical population peak–through 2023[81]–in 2009 with 10,573,479 residents: this value decreased to 10,395,121 (−1.7%) at the end of 2013, due to the combined effect of increased emigration, decreasing immigration, reduced fertility, and population ageing.[82] Only 140,845 people immigrated to Portugal between 2008 and 2013, a net migration loss of around −271,000. In particular, in 2012 less than 15,000 immigrants permanently settled in Portugal.[83]

In 2007 the Ukrainian community was the second largest foreign community; thereafter declining investment in public projects and improved immigration control prompted many Ukrainians to leave.[84]

As the economic crisis eased and tourism increase along with industrial production, immigration increased again after 2013.

During the given timespan, the number of foreigners in Portugal fell from 446,333 to 388,731, recording a 12.89% loss in eight years. Portugal was particularly hit by the 2008 Global recession. Between 2008 and 2013, Portugal experienced a notable uptick in its unemployment rate, escalating from 7.6% to 17.1%. The GDP in 2013 saw a marked 7.60% decline compared to its 2007 value. During this period, inflation reached 10.35%, substantially eroding the purchasing power of Portuguese households. Of those who were obliged to leave the country, 5.47% or 22,547 people were foreign nationals, and 65.3% of the foreigners doing so left the country permanently.[77][79][78] Despite the crisis and the subsequent emigration, one of the main reasons for the reduction in the number of foreigners in Portugal is due to the high number of naturalisations: 179,458 foreigners became Portuguese from January 2008 to December 2015.[85]

### 2014–2019

[edit]

A Portuguese residence permit issued to non-EU citizens

Following the recovery of the Portuguese economy starting in 2014, immigration to Portugal increased once again. From 2014 to 2019, emigration decreased by 42.8% while immigration increased by 413%.[83]

Between 2013 and 2019, the unemployment rate in Portugal fell from 17.1% to 6.6%,[77] and the 2019 GDP was 14.4% higher than the value recorded for 2013 GDP. The value recorded for 2019 GDP was 5.7% higher than the one recorded in 2007: Portugal officially recovered from the 2008 financial crisis and the troika austerity measures in 2017.[78] Moreover, between 2014 and 2019, the increase in prices was modest (3.5% inflation), meaning that the Purchasing power of Portuguese families increased significantly.[79]

During these years, almost 573,000 people left the country: despite Portugal's reputation as an economic success story since the 2008 financial crisis, many young, educated workers were more attracted by significantly higher wages in countries such as the United Kingdom, France, Switzerland or Germany.[86] On the other hand, the share of those leaving permanently fell to 38.4%, meaning that high-skilled workers were, after 2013, more willing to return after having acquired work experience.[80] As a measure to reverse skill-drain, population decrease, and ageing, the government created measures to attract Portuguese emigrants.[87]

Lisbon, sign welcoming migrants to the city

Of those who left the country, 4% (22,685 people) were foreigners, including 31.4% who left permanently. This means that although 5.5% of the 2013 population left the country in 6 years (2014–2019), the majority of them – or 61.6% – did so for less than one year.[82] After 2014, the country's population decline rate started to slow. The population still fell (to 10,333,496 people in 2018) – equivalent to the country's population in January 2000 - mostly due to population ageing. On the other hand, by the end of 2019, due to increasing immigration, Portugal's population had recovered the value recorded in 2014 (around 10,395,000).[82]

Around 295,000 people immigrated permanently to Portugal between 2014 and 2019. In particular, 51.1% of those who settled in Portugal in this period did so between 2018 and 2019.[83] The surge in immigration was due to good economic conditions, to the crisis in Brazil (the primary source of immigration in Portugal) and to programs devised during the 2008–2013 crisis aimed at attracting foreign capital: these include the Non-habitual residency (NHR) taxation law (2009), the Portuguese Golden Visa law (2012), and the Sephardi Nationality Act (2015).

The Portuguese government developed successful strategies aiming at calling back Portuguese emigrants and at attracting foreign citizens.

In 2009 a program was introduced that has attracted foreigners, particularly since 2013 – the special tributary regime that grants to certain categories of new residents a flat tax and protects them from double taxation (NHR).[88] Many pensioners, especially from Northern European countries such as Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, Sweden, Finland and Norway moved to Portugal over this law. Pressure from the countries of origin of the retirees, as well as from the local Portuguese population (subject to a different taxation system), the program was drastically changed.[89][90][91][92][93] Nevertheless, pensioners continued immigrating to enjoy to the high quality of life and Mediterranean climate.

Multi-ethnic Carnival in Arroios

The Golden visa law was enacted in 2012. It is an immigrant investor program that granted Portuguese residency to people who invested in properties worth at least €500,000 or created 10 jobs in Portugal.[94] As of September 2023 the program had resulted in 33,142 residence permits granted, of which 38.4% went to investors and 61.6% to their family members. 42.5% of the investors who have benefited from the program came from China, other significant countries include Brazil (10%), the US (6.1%), Turkey (4.8%) and South Africa (4.5%). Around 6.5 billion euros (€) were invested in the acquisition of 11,383 real estate properties (averaging 566,754 €), but only 23 jobs were created.[95] In addition, around 867 million euros (€) were transferred to Portugal.[96] The lack of new jobs led to the end of program in July 2023.[97][98]

Turkish flag in Lisbon

A last measure that has boosted immigration to Portugal is the law aimed at the descendants of Portuguese Jews expelled in 1496. In 2015 the Portuguese parliament officially acknowledged the expulsion as wrong. To try to make up for the past mistakes, the government passed a law known as "Law of Return".[99] The law aims to right the historic wrongs of the Portuguese Inquisition, which resulted in the expulsion or forced conversion of thousands of Jews from Portugal in the 15th and 16th centuries. The law grants citizenship to descendants of those persecuted Jews who can prove their Sephardic Jewish ancestry and a "connection" to Portugal.[100][101][102][103] Since 2015, more than 262,000 people from 60 countries (mostly from Israel or Turkey) applied for Portuguese citizenship under the law, of which 75,000 (or 28.6% of the applicants) were granted Portuguese passports.[104][105][106][107][108] According to a 2023 estimate, as many as 15,000 Portuguese-Israelis had immigrated.[109] Doubts arose over the law's implementation after it was revealed that people such as Russian oligarch Roman Abramovich had become Portuguese citizens under the new law. Due to the controversies and the recent judicial investigations, the law ended in December 2024.[110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117]

### 2020–

[edit]

Rua do Benformoso in Lisbon: there might be up to 15,000 people of Bangladeshi descent living in the neighbourhood[118][119][120]

Immigration steadily increased in the 2020s. At the beginning of 2020, 590,348 foreigners lived in the country; their number increased to 781,915 at the end of 2022. The population increased from 5.7% to 7.5% in 3 years. From December 2019 to December 2022, the number of foreigners increased by 32.4%.

From 2020 to 2022, some 205,909 people emigrated, continuing the emigration recorded since 2014. This means that 2.0% of the 2019 population left the country in those years, but 60.2% did so temporarily.[82]

In 2023 Portugal was the European Union country with the most emigrants in relative terms. In the prior 20 years,15 per cent of the population emigrated. Portugal had the highest proportion of emigrants in Europe and ranked eighth globally in terms of the percentage of its population who left.[121][122][123]

In early 2023, Portugal regularized some 113,000 CPLP citizens residing in the country.[124][125] By September the number of Portuguese-speaking immigrants who had received an "authorization of residence," valid for one year and automatically renewed for those with a clean criminal record, had reached 151,000, of whom 75% were Brazilians.[126][127][128][129] It was reported that in February 2023 around 300,000 foreigners who lived in Portugal were awaiting regularization due to SEF's inability to process them.[130] By November, the number had reached 700,000.[131]

In July 2023 the Portuguese government sent officials to recruit workers in India, Morocco, Timor-Leste and Cabo Verde.[132]

The Portuguese government introduced, after the 2008 financial crisis, measures aimed at attracting foreign capital. In particular, they offered the Non-habitual residency (NHR) taxation law (2009), the Portuguese Golden Visa law (2012), and the Sephardi Nationality Act (2015). All three programs were eliminated by the end of 2024.

Thai pavilion in Lisbon

The NHR, a scheme offering a flat tax and protection from double taxation for specific categories of people relocating to Portugal, underwent significant changes in 2020. This adjustment was prompted by an influx of pensioners, particularly from Nordic countries, who moved to Portugal to take advantage of a fiscal regime that was superior to their home countries. The Portuguese government ended the 10-year tax incentive regime for non-permanent residents, including digital nomads in 2024. Prime Minister António Costa stated that the regime would persist for current beneficiaries. Costa argued that maintaining different tax levels for non-permanent residents would perpetuate fiscal injustice and inflate the real estate market. As of July 2023, 89,000 foreigners were benefiting from the non-permanent resident tax regime.[133][134][135] The Golden Visa program, initiated in 2012, was terminated in October 2023 due to the Mais Habitação program. The decision to end the program, aimed at foreigners purchasing real estate, was driven by escalating housing prices. The law did not impact renewals but ended new permits. The Mais Habitação program, which faced opposition, but was approved in July, included measures such as rent caps and restrictions on property sales to non-residents, leading to public protests.[136]

Street scene in Arroios

In 2023 the law permitting people of Portuguese-Jewish descent to acquire Portuguese citizenship ended. Since 2013, around 262,000 people had requested to be naturalized due to their Sephardi ancestry; almost half were Israelis. Of these, more than 75,000 acquired Portuguese citizenship. Since the announcement of the end of the law in 2023, around 74,000 people started their applications.[137][138][139]

Despite the end of the immigration programs, the number of foreign nationals increased during 2023: by December, the number had increased to 1,045,000 people, a 40% increase since January of the same year with 329,000 residence permits given during 2023.[140][141][142] 35% of foreign residents were Brazilians: including Luso-Brazilians and Brazilians awaiting regularization, Brazilian residents were estimated to number 750,000.[143] The increase in the number of foreign nationals created a widespread debate, about whether to restrict[144] or increase immigration.[145][146]

Bairro da Jamaica, demolished in 2024, hosted around 800 African immigrants [147]

During the 2024/2025 school year, amongst 83,134 pupils entering the public school system, 10,297 were foreign nationals, representing 12.4%, an increase of 1,160 from 2023/24.[148] In early 2025, more than 140,000 foreign pupils were enrolled.[149] As of 2024 more than 6,000 foreign nurses and doctors worked in Portugal.[150]

Following the 2024 Portuguese legislative elections a right-wing government was formed and, in June 2024, it decided to abolish residence permits based on declarations of interest, a system that previously allowed migrants to regularise their status without a visa. The PSD-CDS government argued that this policy was misguided, contradicting Portugal’s Schengen commitments and leading to an exponential rise in residency requests, often exploited by human trafficking and illegal migration networks.

Rally against the Russian invasion of Ukraine organised by the Ukrainian community

Beginning in 2017, migrants could secure legal status by proving employment, even without a valid visa. A 2019 amendment further enabled regularisation for those with 12 months of social security contributions. The decree claimed that these measures created a strong pull factor, encouraging irregular migration with false promises of legalisation. The new law revoked this mechanism while safeguarding migrants who had already applied. It also addresses issues linked to the reduction of the Immigration and Borders Service (SEF) and the misallocation of resources. President Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa promptly ratified the decree, citing the urgent need to resolve thousands of pending residency applications.[151][152]

The government’s strategy formally ended the regime that enabled uncontrolled entry. Prime Minister Luís Montenegro described declarations of interest as an open door to abuse, vowing to curb such policies. Measures included bolstering consular processing in priority countries, transforming the current CPLP mobility visa into a Schengen visa, and creating a Foreigners and Borders Unit within the PSP to monitor migration. The plan also introduced emergency response centres for immigration cases.[153]

## Foreign residents

[edit]

Foreign citizens living in Portugal in 2023

Brazilians are the most numerous foreign nationality. The 368,449 resident Brazilians represent 35.3% of the total foreign population.[9] Other significant immigrant communities (excluding naturalized citizens) are from other countries of the Lusosphere. In 2023 171,651 residents were from the 6 PALOP countries (Equatorial Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, São Tomé and Principe, Angola, Mozambique, Cape Verde), in addition to 1,199 people from Timor-Leste.[9]

A thriving community of people from the Indian subcontinent (chiefly Indians and Nepalis) numbers 117,048.[9]

A majority of EU citizens come from Italy, France, Romania, Germany, or Spain.[9]

The listed figures only take into account foreign residents legally living in the country and exclude naturalized foreigners as well as dual citizens. For instance, while according to Portuguese authorities, around 37,000 Cape Verdeans reside in the country, official Cape Verdean figures claim that the number could be as high as 260,000.[154][155] The discrepancy could be because just since 2008 around 55,000 Cape Verdeans naturalised and children of foreign residents are granted Portuguese citizenship at birth.[156][157]

Chinese restaurant in Lagos Immigrants in Odemira Mouraria, inter-ethnic shopping center in Martim Moniz, Lisbon[158] Alcácer do Sal, home to a vibrant Romanian community, mainly working in agriculture[159][160] Evangelical church in Lisbon. Most protestants in Portugal hail from Brazil[161] Many Africans- particularly Cape Verdeans - have moved to Amadora[162] Street scene in Mouraria

### Evolution

[edit]

Mahjong game in Mouraria South Asian family in Belém Street scene in Parque das Nações Africans in Vale da Amoreira

Community decline was mostly attributable to naturalization. For example, between 2008 and 2016, the Cape Verdean non-citizen population in Portugal decreased by 25,993 while 31,970 naturalized. Other communities declined due other factors such as emigration and negative natural balance.[clarification needed] However, this was not the only factor. Between 2008 and 2016 the number of English residents fell by 6,341. Since only 127 Britons naturalized during the period the British community fell by 6,214 people.[85]

Country  | 2008[163][164] | 2016[165][164] | 2024[9]

|
|
|

Brazil | 70,132  | 82,590  | 368,449
United Kingdom | 23,574  | 17,233  | 47,492
Cape Verde | 64,667  | 38,674  | 48,885
India | 4,401  | 6,935  | 44,051
Angola | 32,819  | 18,247  | 55,589
Italy | 5,994  | 6,130  | 36,227
France | 10,540  | 8,441  | 27,549
Ukraine | 39,606  | 35,779  | 23,499
Nepal | 314  | 4,798  | 29,972
Guinea-Bissau | 25,039  | 17,091  | 32,535
Romania | 19,280  | 30,523  | 20,881
China | 10,982  | 21,376  | 28,127
Germany | 15,493  | 9,035  | 22,858
Spain | 18,031  | 10,019  | 20,573
Bangladesh | 1,193  | 2,571  | 25,666
São Tomé and Príncipe | 11,015  | 9,555  | 26,488
Netherlands | 6,598  | 5,855  | 13,592
Pakistan | 2,383  | 3,042  | 17,148
United States | 8,733  | 2,619  | 14,126
Venezuela | 3,740  | 2,010  | 9,300
Belgium | 3,101  | 2,388  | 6,723
Russia | 5,674  | 4,260  | 10,901
Sweden | 1,655  | 1,989  | 6,070
Moldova | 14,813  | 6,948  | 5,156
Bulgaria | 5,076  | 6,722  | 4,565
Mozambique | 5,954  | 2,809  | 8,127
Poland | 913  | 1,382  | 4,931
Ireland | 887  | 892  | 5,450
Switzerland | 1,842  | 1,263  | 3,836
Morocco | 1,928  | 1,681  | 3,739
South Africa | 2,116  | 635  | 3,325
Colombia | 675  | 907  | 3,092
Senegal | 1,966  | 1,515  | 2,571
Thailand | 193  | 1,428  | 2,144
Iran | 632  | 545  | 2,456
Austria | 827  | 607  | 1,810
Canada | 1,992  | 738  | 2,200
Denmark | 1,075  | 575  | 1,800
Cuba | 731  | 901  | 1,807
Turkey | 310  | 596  | 2,555
Uzbekistan | 604  | 992  | 1,333
Hungary | 386  | 480  | 1,456
Finland | 702  | 834  | 1,300
Philippines | 496  | 756  | 1,535
Syria | 96  | 164  | 1,434
Guinea | 1,847  | 1,526  | 1,325
Norway | 834  | 515  | 1,196
Argentina | 717  | 447  | 1,633
Nigeria | 354  | 428  | 1,478
Algeria | 231  | 316  | 2,023
Lithuania | 430  | 535  | 1,134
Greece | 252  | 248  | 1,134
Indonesia | 38  | 140  | 1,031
Mexico | 363  | 433  | 995
Afghanistan | 5  | 41  | 970
Kazakhstan | 598  | 537  | 815
Latvia | 193  | 333  | 896
Czech Republic | 313  | 274  | 838
Belarus | 782  | 632  | 1,077
Tunisia | 124  | 176  | 1,172
Australia | 544  | 269  | 904
Egypt | 358  | 298  | 1,007
Peru | 325  | 256  | 923
Equador | 427  | 292  | 1,146
Luxembourg | 165  | 144  | 726
Lebanon | 206  | 162  | 1,116
Chile | 301  | 183  | 895
Israel | 137  | 108  | 922
Japan | 976  | 397  | 649
Iraq | 157  | 126  | 717
Slovakia | 187  | 164  | 579
Georgia | 868  | 727  | 507
Vietnam | 15  | 77  | 1,052
Croatia | 154  | 174  | 516
Gambia | 90  | 152  | 716
Estonia | 86  | 121  | 439
Timor Leste | 86  | 169  | 1,199
Jordan | 92  | 138  | 581
Serbia | 380  | 192  | 339
Cameroon | 79  | 127  | 356
Slovenia | 57  | 96  | 327
DRC | 425  | 235  | 317
South Korea | 263  | 182  | 365
Uruguay | 154  | 122  | 267
Ghana | 202  | 137  | 349
Ivory Coast | 157  | 121  | 240
Dominican Republic | 92  | 132  | 230
Eritrea | 0  | 40  | 154
Sudan | 16  | 38  | 203
Cyprus | 3  | 12  | 219
Paraguay | 47  | 92  | 206
Iceland | 68  | 62  | 213
Bolivia | 99  | 109  | 185
Sierra Leone | 115  | 63  | 155
New Zealand | 79  | 39  | 207
Malta | 14  | 25  | 184
Sri Lanka | 3  | 60  | 203
Libya | 54  | 196  | 160
Malaysia | 59  | 59  | 170
Kenya | 311  | 64  | 176
Singapore | 46  | 28  | 156
Costa Rica | 22  | 53  | 131
Albania | 60  | 42  | 120
Armenia | 61  | 74  | 148
Guatemala | 35  | 51  | 112
Panama | 38  | 27  | 99
Zimbabwe | 92  | 38  | 118
Congo | 134  | 64  | 101
Mali | 115  | 45  | 88
El Salvador | 17  | 36  | 103
South Sudan | 0  | 0  | 74
Somalia | 1  | 54  | 87
Ethiopia | 22  | 51  | 94
Azerbaijan | 10  | 46  | 107
Togo | 55  | 35  | 68
North Macedonia | 51  | 27  | 85
Palestine | 23  | 52  | 91
Honduras | 17  | 30  | 76
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 127  | 57  | 66
Nicaragua | 13  | 16  | 66
Saudi Arabia | 23  | 20  | 203
Taiwan | 8  | 36  | 74
Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2  | 15  | 77
Tanzania | 335  | 32  | 55
Cambodia | 0  | 10  | 98
Uganda | 14  | 18  | 60
Equatorial Guinea | 33  | 51  | 55
Namibia | 10  | 18  | 48
Tajikistan | 3  | 15  | 46
Mauritius | 13  | 17  | 55
Kyrgyzstan | 49  | 31  | 44
Yemen | 2  | 18  | 52
Gabon | 8  | 17  | 28
Rwanda | 33  | 20  | 42
Zambia | 14  | 7  | 28
Mauritania | 53  | 24  | 31
Burkina Faso | 12  | 13  | 32
Kosovo | 0  | 27  | 32
Kuwait | 19  | 1  | 85
Mongolia | 4  | 32  | 29
Benin | 28  | 12  | 29
Unknown  | 17  | 14  | 20
Haiti | 4  | 5  | 20
Montenegro | 16  | 9  | 23
Stateless  | 273  | 0  | 12
Liberia | 43  | 16  | 27
Malawi | 27  | 12  | 26
Andorra | 15  | 3  | 17
Trinidad and Tobago | 21  | 8  | 23
Botswana | 11  | 7  | 16
Jamaica | 17  | 12  | 19
Madagascar | 18  | 9  | 27
Dominica | 3  | 7  | 27
Eswatini | 16  | 8  | 18
Bahrain | 16  | 4  | 23
Turkmenistan | 4  | 12  | 14
Bhutan | 0  | 1  | 13
United Arab Emirates | 2  | 5  | 31
Niger | 0  | 6  | 11
Liechtenstein | 5  | 3  | 12
Central African Republic | 5  | 7  | 5
Guyana | 25  | 4  | 10
Maldives | 7  | 3  | 8
Myanmar | 2  | 7  | 17
Antigua and Barbuda | 0  | 1  | 20
Qatar | 2  | 0  | 13
Burundi | 2  | 6  | 12
Vanuatu |  |  | 9
Seychelles | 4  | 6  | 8
Grenada | 3  | 4  | 9
Suriname | 6  | 0  | 8
Oman |  | 3  | 8
Maldives |  | 3  | 8
Belize |  | 6  | 7
Djibouti |  | 0  | 7
Other countries (below 5) | 57  | 21  | 34
Total foreigners | 446,333 | 388,731 | 1,044,606
Share of the population[166] | 4.23% | 3.76% | 9.82%'

During the period, the number of foreigners in Portugal rose from 388,731 to 1,044,606, surpassing that from earlier years.[167] Between 2013 and 2023, Portugal's unemployment rate declined from 17.1% to 6.1%,[168] and the 2022 GDP increased by 18.4% compared to 2013, despite the pandemic. The 2022 GDP was 9.5% higher than the 2007 figure, surpassing the 2008 financial crisis and troika austerity measures in 2017.[77][79][78]

French language graffiti in Portugal German language sign in Porto French language graffiti in Lisbon

## Transition from SEF to AIMA

[edit]

In October 2023, Portugal dissolved the Serviço de Estrangeiros e Fronteiras (SEF) and replaced it with the Agência para a Integração, Migrações e Asilo (AIMA). AIMA inherited a backlog of unresolved immigration cases. Over 327,000 residence permit applications were pending,[169] later increasing to 400,000-460,000 cases in 2025.[170][171]

Foreign nationals who had expired permits remained legally protected, as Portuguese authorities extended their status through 30 June 2025.[172]

Before the AIMA transition, biometric appointment outcomes typically took 2-3weeks, while under the new system, delays escalated to 2-3 months.[173] By late 2024, many applicants were reporting waits of 4-12 months, particularly for special categories such as Golden Visa holders.[174]

Recognising the scale of the issue, in June 2024, the Supreme Administrative Court ruled that AIMA must process cases within 90 working days.[175] To comply, the government allocated approximately €6 million and established a "Mission Structure" that hired over 300 additional staff members and opened around 20 new service centres nationwide, intending to clear the backlog by June 2025.[170][171] As of early 2025, AIMA had processed over 200,000 pending cases and issued several thousand residence cards.[176]

## Naturalization

[edit]

Central Mosque of Lisbon

Many immigrants became naturalized citizens: 359,506 people holding foreign nationality and residing in Portugal became citizens from 2008 to 2023,[177] corresponding roughly to 3.4% of total population. However, 1,044,606 foreign citizens were resident in Portugal as of January 2024, accounting for 9.8% of Portugal's population.

The number of foreigners from Ukraine (23,499), Romania (20,881), Moldova (5,156) and Bulgaria (4,565) has been dropping since 2011; many became naturalized, respectively: 34,163 Ukrainians, 7,164 Romanians, 19,346 Moldovans and 1,157 Bulgarians from 2008 to 2022.

The first 30 countries account for 96.8% of the total.

Naturalizations by country (2008–2023)[178][85] Nationality  | Naturalizations

|

Brazil | 95,186
Cape Verde | 56,648
Ukraine | 34,163
Guinea-Bissau | 27,902
Angola | 27,092
Moldova | 19,346
São Tomé and Príncipe | 15,521
India | 12,917
Nepal | 7,622
Romania | 7,164
Russia | 5,652
Pakistan | 5,627
Bangladesh | 5,461
Guinea | 3,751
Mozambique | 3,103
Israel | 3,015
Venezuela | 2,863
Morocco | 2,395
Senegal | 2,329
China | 1,974
United Kingdom | 1,168
Bulgaria | 1,157
Georgia | 1,078
Cuba | 970
Colombia | 795
Belarus | 689
United States | 678
Spain | 639
Nigeria | 530
Iran | 495
Argentina | 494
France | 487
Ecuador | 486
Kazakhstan | 464
Philippines | 457
Italy | 440
Turkey | 404
Germany | 394
South Africa | 356
Uzbekistan | 347
Algeria | 332
Egypt | 326
Poland | 311
Mexico | 300
Syria | 274
Peru | 273
Serbia | 251
Ghana | 237
Gambia | 216
DR Congo | 201
Tunisia | 200
Canada | 179
Ivory Coast | 164
Lebanon | 151
Cameroon | 145
Thailand | 128
Belgium | 128
Netherlands | 126
Switzerland | 122
Chile | 121
Bolivia | 109
Taiwan | 103
Mali | 101
Congo | 96
Dominican Republic | 94
Iraq | 94
Armenia | 92
Sierra Leone | 91
Togo | 88
Hungary | 87
Latvia | 75
Australia | 75
Jordan | 71
Uruguay | 69
Palestine | 67
Albania | 64
Libya | 54
Paraguay | 54
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 53
Sri Lanka | 49
Guyana | 47
Equatorial Guinea | 47
Tanzania | 46
Zimbabwe | 43
Kyrgyzstan | 43
Dominica | 42
Vietnam | 41
Czech Republic | 40
Guatemala | 40
Afghanistan | 40
Eritrea | 39
Lithuania | 37
Kenya | 36
Kosovo | 36
Croatia | 36
El Salvador | 35
Benin | 34
Somalia | 34
Mauritania | 33
Sweden | 32
Costa Rica | 32
North Macedonia | 29
Panama | 28
Greece | 24
Ireland | 23
Slovakia | 23
Azerbaijan | 23
Ethiopia | 22
Liberia | 22
Honduras | 22
Gabon | 20
Rwanda | 18
Sudan | 18
Montenegro | 17
Japan | 16
Malaysia | 15
Burkina Faso | 14
Finland | 14
Yemen | 14
Tajikistan | 14
New Zealand | 14
Nicaragua | 13
Indonesia | 12
Estonia | 11
Luxembourg | 10
Madagascar | 10
South Korea | 10
Denmark | 10
Mauritius | 9
Timor-Leste | 9
Turkmenistan | 9
Zambia | 9
Mongolia | 9
Aruba | 8
Jamaica | 8
Malawi | 8
Uganda | 8
Andorra | 7
Eswatini | 6
Norway | 6
Austria | 5
Belize | 5
Seychelles | 5
Stateless  | 5
Myanmar | 5
Other countries (below 5) | 76

## Illegal immigration

[edit]

In 2006, the Portuguese government made it easier for second-generation immigrants to gain citizenship to prevent illegal immigration.[179][180] The rules were modified in 2022, making it even easier for children of foreigners to get access to the Portuguese citizenship.[181]

Illegal immigration rose by 55% in 2009, with most of the illegals being Brazilian nationals.[182] In 2012 there were estimated to be around 130,000 immigrants from Russia, Ukraine, and Moldova illegally living in Portugal and mainly working in agriculture and services.[183][184][185] As of 2024, there were an estimated 400,000 people waiting for their Portuguese residency card,[186] this being a sharp increase of 100% from 2023, when around 200,000 people were living in the country without a residency permit, of whom around half were Brazilians.[187]

Employers of illegal immigrants in Portugal face jail terms.[188]

## Jewish immigration

[edit]

Main article: Portuguese nationality law § Jewish Law of Return

Engraving from ancient Tomar synagogue dating from 1307

In 1496, the Portuguese monarchy issued an expulsion decree targeting Jews and Moors. This decree forced many Jews to either convert to Christianity (leading to the emergence of Cristão-novos and of Crypto-Judaism practices) or emigrate, creating a diaspora of Portuguese Jews throughout Europe and the Americas.[189][190][191]

Emigrants in front of a Jewish welfare kitchen (Cosinha Economica Israelita) waiting for the food to be distributed, May 1941

The decree annihilated the country's thriving Jewish culture and until the 19th century, when the Portuguese Inquisition ended, no synagogues were officially allowed to operate. Jews began arriving in the early 1800s, particularly from Gibraltar and North Africa. The largest influx came during WWII, when thousands of Jews fled Nazi persecution and came to neutral Portugal. The overwhelming majority subsequently settled in Israel, the US, Brazil or returned to their home countries.[192][193][194][195][196][197][198]

Museum in Vilar Formoso reminding the Jews who were hosted in Portugal during WWII

Portugal's "Law on Nationality" amendment allowed descendants of expelled Jews to gain citizenship within a Sephardic community of Portuguese origin with ties to Portugal. In 2020, proposed changes required a two-year residency, but these were rejected.

Portugal became the second country, after Israel, to adopt a Jewish Law of Return, with Spain later following suit. Introduced by the Socialist and Center Right parties, it received unanimous approval in April 2013 and took effect on 1 March 2015.[199][200]

Applicants had to prove Sephardic surnames in their family tree and a connection to the Portuguese Sephardic community, often verified by an orthodox rabbi. The language spoken at home, including Ladino, is also considered.[201]

A feature of this law is its exemption from the typical six-year consecutive residency requirement for citizenship. Beginning in 2015, hundreds of Turkish Jews with Sephardic ancestry moved to Portugal and obtained citizenship. By November 2020, Portugal had granted citizenship to approximately 23,000 people, constituting about 30% of the 76,000 applications submitted since 2015.[202][203][204][205][206]

Lisbon synagogue, built in 1904

To combat fraudulent claims, the Portuguese government enacted a law on 9 March 2022, increasing scrutiny for applicants, emphasizing a substantial connection with Portugal. These changes did not apply retroactively to those already granted citizenship, including individuals like Russian billionaire Roman Abramovich. As of January 2023, the number of pending cases had risen to over 300,000, underscoring the significance of this amendment.[207][208][209][210][211]

Vilar Formoso Museum

Thousands of Israelis, as well as Turkish and Brazilian Jews, proved that they were descended from Jews expelled from Portugal in 1497 and were naturalized.[212][213][214] From 2015 to 2021 56,619 people who claimed Sephardic ancestry were naturalized.[215] The five most common nationalities were:

* Israel: 42,080 Israelis; 95.9% were non-residents
* Turkey: 5,819 Turks; 98.3% were non-residents
* Brazil: 4,087 Brazilians; 94.5% were non-residents
* Argentina: 1,722 Argentines; 96.3% were non-residents
* United States of America: 551 US citizens; 97.3% were non-residents

## Immigration detention

[edit]

This section is an excerpt from Immigration detention § Portugal.[edit]

In Portugal, the Ministry of Interior is responsible for immigration matters. As of 2009, the sole officially designated immigration detention centre is Unidade Habitacional de Santo António, located in Porto. Opened in 2006, the centre is managed by the Foreigners and Borders Service (Serviço de Estrangeiros e Fronteiras, SEF).[216]

There are also five Temporary Installation Centres (Centros de Instalação Temporária, CIT) located at major airports including Porto, Lisbon, Faro, Funchal, and Ponta Delgada.[216]

In addition to these government-run facilities, there are two non-secure centers located near Lisbon: the Bobadela reception centre for asylum seekers, operated by the Portuguese Council for Asylum Seekers (Conselho Português para os Refugiados, CPR), and the Pedro Arupe reception centre, managed by the Jesuit Refugee Service.[216]

## Opposition to immigration

[edit]

This section is an excerpt from Opposition to immigration § Portugal.[edit]

Portugal had little immigration until a sudden influx in the 1970s, as ex-colonists, most of them ethnically white, returned.[217] After the former Portuguese African colonies gained independence, and because nationals of Portuguese-speaking nations can freely live and work in Portugal without much bureaucracy, an incremental growth of immigration from Portugal's former overseas possessions was observed over the past few decades, primarily from Brazil, Cape Verde, Angola and Mozambique.[218][219] The country now has nearly 240,000 Brazilians[220] and about 350,000 people born in an African country.[221] Although immigrants are mostly concentrated in urban and suburban areas, mainly on Portugal's coast, Portuguese authorities have in recent times encouraged immigration, notably from Brazil, to rural areas, in an effort to increase an ever shrinking population.[222] The growth of the number of immigrants has been linked to an escalation of anti-immigration sentiments and protests throughout Portugal since the mids 2000's.[223][224]

Until recently,[when?] far-right party "National Renewal Party", known as PNR, was the only one in Portugal which actively targeted[clarification needed] the mass-immigration and ethnic minorities (mainly related to Gypsy and African communities) issues.[225][226] After years of growing support—0.09% 4,712 2002, 0.16% 9,374 2005, 0.20% 11,503 2009, 0.31% 17,548 2011— it managed 0.50%, or 27,269, of the electorate in the 2015 Portuguese legislative election. Since 2019, far-right political party Chega has gained traction in the country. Following the 2019 Portuguese legislative election, the party's president, André Ventura, assured a seat in Assembly of the Republic, after having received over 66,000 votes, 1,3% of the electorate.[227] In the 2020 Azorean regional election, the party secured two assemblyman to the regional parliament[228] and, during the 2021 Portuguese presidential election, André Ventura managed to gather approximately 500,000 votes, 12% of the total.[229] The party opposes immigration and has been described by the media and mainstream parties as xenophobic.[230] Chega has an estimated 28,000 militant members[231] and is expected to continue to rise in popularity and political force.[232]

## Maps

[edit]

The maps show, from left to right, the five most numerous foreign communities present in each Portuguese district as of 1 January 2022, according to official Portuguese data. These numbers reflect only non-citizens.[233]

* Flag maps of the five most important foreign communities in each Portuguese district as of 01.01.22
* Brazilians dominate among non-citizens in most districts, along with Venezuelans in Madeira, Britons in Algarve and Indians in Beja

* Cape Verdeans are present in Lisbon Area, Italians in Porto while Britons and Romanians live in the interior.

* US-citizens are present in the Azores, Chinese in the industrialized north while PALOP citizens in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area

* Angolans and Eastern Europeans (such as Ukrainians in Santarém) are present nationwide

* Chinese are numerous near the Spanish border whileEuropeans hug the coast

## European Union

[edit]

According to Eurostat, 59.9 million non-citizens resided in the European Union in 2023, 13.4% of the total. Of these, 31.4 million (9.44%) were born outside the EU and 17.5 million (3.9%) were born elsewhere in the EU.[234][235]

European Union non-citizen residents (1000s) (2023)  Country  | Population  | Foreign-born  | %  | Born in EU  | %  | Born outside EU  | %

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

EU 27  | 448,754  | 59,902  | 13.3  | 17,538  | 3.9  | 31,368  | 6.3
Germany | 84,359  | 16,476  | 19.5  | 6,274  | 7.4  | 10,202  | 12.1
France | 68,173  | 8,942  | 13.1  | 1,989  | 2.9  | 6,953  | 10.2
Italy | 58,997  | 6,417  | 10.9  | 1,563  | 2.6  | 4,854  | 8.2
Spain | 48,085  | 8,204  | 17.1  | 1,580  | 3.3  | 6,624  | 13.8
Poland | 36,754  | 933  | 2.5  | 231  | 0.6  | 702  | 1.9
Romania | 19,055  | 530  | 2.8  | 202  | 1.1  | 328  | 1.7
Netherlands | 17,811  | 2,777  | 15.6  | 748  | 4.2  | 2,029  | 11.4
Belgium | 11,743  | 2,247  | 19.1  | 938  | 8.0  | 1,309  | 11.1
Czech Republic | 10,828  | 764  | 7.1  | 139  | 1.3  | 625  | 5.8
Sweden | 10,522  | 2,144  | 20.4  | 548  | 5.2  | 1,596  | 15.2
Portugal | 10,517 | 1,733 | 16.5 | 378 | 3.6 | 1,355 | 12.9
Greece | 10,414  | 1,173  | 11.3  | 235  | 2.2  | 938  | 9.0
Hungary | 9,600  | 644  | 6.7  | 342  | 3.6  | 302  | 3.1
Austria | 9,105  | 1,963  | 21.6  | 863  | 9.5  | 1,100  | 12.1
Bulgaria | 6,448  | 169  | 2.6  | 58  | 0.9  | 111  | 1.7
Denmark | 5,933  | 804  | 13.6  | 263  | 4.4  | 541  | 9.1
Finland | 5,564  | 461  | 8.3  | 131  | 2.4  | 330  | 5.9
Slovakia | 5,429  | 213  | 3.9  | 156  | 2.9  | 57  | 1.0
Ireland | 5,271  | 1,150  | 21.8  | 348  | 6.6  | 802  | 15.2

## Gallery

[edit]

Chinese restaurant in Lisbon

Nepalese restaurant in Lisbon

South Asians in Alentejo

Immigrants[citation needed] in Odemira

Multiethnic Carnival in Agualva

|
|
|
|

Trilingual (Portuguese-English-Chinese) leaflet in Portugal

South Asians in Vila Nova de Milfontes

German establishment in Algarve

Dominicans in Lisbon in occasion of the 2020 Dominican Republic general election

Chinese dragon in Lisbon

Asian puppets in Museu da Marioneta, Lisbon

Thai pavilion in Lisbon

South Asian workers in Lisbon

Pro inclusivity street art in Parque das Nações

Buddha statue in Portugal

## See also

[edit]

* Opposition to immigration
* Remigration
* Access to healthcare for migrants in Portugal
* Demographics of Portugal
* Portuguese diaspora (emigration from Portugal)
* Immigration to Europe
* List of countries by immigrant population
* List of countries by foreign-born population
* List of sovereign states and dependent territories by fertility rate

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Relatório Estatístico 2003" (PDF). sefstat.sef.pt (in European Portuguese). 2003. Retrieved 17 September 2024.
2. ^ "População Estrangeira Residente em Portugal - TOTAL". gee.gov.pt (in European Portuguese). 29 September 2023. Retrieved 17 September 2024.
3. ^ "Relatório de migrações e asilo 2023" (PDF). aima.gov.pt (in European Portuguese). 17 September 2024. Retrieved 17 September 2024.
4. ^ "População estrangeira com estatuto legal de residente (N.º) por Sexo; Anual". ine.pt (in European Portuguese). 23 September 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2024.
5. ^ "50 Anos de Revolução. Quem éramos, quem somos". rtp.pt (in European Portuguese). 23 April 2024. Retrieved 18 September 2024.
6. ^ "Relatório intercalar, Recuperação de processos pendentes na AIMA, População Estrangeira em Portugal" (PDF). aima.gov.pt (in Portuguese). 8 April 2025. Retrieved 8 April 2025.
7. ^ "Statistics Portugal - Web Portal".
8. ^ "POPULATION AND MIGRATION • INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION" (PDF). 9 April 2025.
9. ^ a b c d e f g "AIMA Report 2023" (PDF).
10. ^ "Quase 800 mil estrangeiros vivem em Portugal e 30% são brasileiros". www.dn.pt (in European Portuguese). 23 June 2023. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
11. ^ "Sefstat 2022" (PDF).
12. ^ "Statistics Portugal – Web Portal". www.ine.pt. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
13. ^ Campos, Alexandra (12 August 2023). "Um sexto dos bebés nascidos em 2022 em Portugal são filhos de mães estrangeiras". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 25 August 2023.
14. ^ Neves, Sofia (1 January 2023). "Aariz, o primeiro bebé do ano em Portugal, é filho de paquistaneses". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 25 August 2023.
15. ^ "Quase um quarto dos bebés nascidos em Portugal em 2022 tinham mãe com naturalidade estrangeira". 10 March 2024.
16. ^ "Pedro Góis. "Se não fosse a imigração, o cenário em Portugal seria muito pior"". www.dn.pt (in European Portuguese). 1 June 2022. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
17. ^ Renascença (18 December 2022). "Sem imigrantes, Portugal terá apenas 7 milhões de habitantes em 2050 - Renascença". Rádio Renascença (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 3 November 2023.
18. ^ "Statistics Portugal - Web Portal". www.ine.pt. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
19. ^ "Sem os imigrantes alguns setores da sociedade entrariam em colapso, revela relatório". CNN Portugal (in Portuguese). Retrieved 3 November 2023.
20. ^ ""Se não chegarem mais imigrantes a Portugal, a economia diminui, deixa de funcionar"". Jornal Expresso (in European Portuguese). 22 July 2023. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
21. ^ "Comunidade do Bangladesh em Portugal: três décadas de luta pela integração". OMI (in European Portuguese). 2 February 2024. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
22. ^ Pimenta, Mariana Duarte, Paulo (29 August 2024). "Alam Shah Kazol: o guardião da comunidade bengalesa do Porto". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 7 February 2025.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
23. ^ "Pescadores da Póvoa de Varzim estão revoltados e ameaçam parar". SIC Notícias (in Portuguese). 30 April 2024. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
24. ^ Redação (3 July 2019). "Mais de metade dos tailandeses vivem em Beja". Rádio Campanário (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 7 February 2025.
25. ^ "Os Singhs do Algarve". Expresso (in Portuguese). 29 July 2023. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
26. ^ Portugal, Rádio e Televisão de (27 October 2024). "Imigração aumenta. Cada vez mais estrangeiros trabalham em Portugal". Imigração aumenta. Cada vez mais estrangeiros trabalham em Portugal (in Portuguese). Retrieved 7 February 2025.
27. ^ "Presidente da CML visitou Casa de Goa". MUNICÍPIO de LISBOA (in European Portuguese). 2 June 2017. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
28. ^ "Ocupação de Goa, Damão e Diu pela União Indiana". RTP Ensina (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 3 November 2023.
29. ^ Lusa, Agência. "Tomada de Goa foi há 60 anos e Portugal recebeu centenas de refugiados". Observador (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 3 November 2023.
30. ^ "A diáspora goesa". www.dn.pt (in European Portuguese). 19 April 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
31. ^ "Chegada de refugiados goeses a Lisboa" (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 3 November 2023.
32. ^ "Chegada dos refugiados goeses" (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 3 November 2023.
33. ^ "Telegrama de José Melício Dias, em nome dos refugiados goeses de passagem por Karachi e reunidos na Embaixada de Portugal, cumprimentando o Presidente da República, Américo Tomás, por ocasião da celebração do Dia de Portugal". www.arquivo.presidencia.pt.
34. ^ Sardo, Susana Bela Soares (1996). Um estudo etnomusicológico do Grupo de Danças e Cantares da Casa de Goa em Lisboa (Thesis).
35. ^ "X-arqWeb". arquivo.cm-oeiras.pt. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
36. ^ "Goan community in Portugal" (PDF).
37. ^ "Goeses em Portugal: "É como ter um pai e uma mãe e viver entre os dois"". TSF Rádio Notícias (in Portuguese). Retrieved 30 January 2024.
38. ^ Brazão, Isabel. "Milhares de goeses pediram nacionalidade portuguesa para ir para o Reino Unido". ccmm.madeira.gov.pt (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 30 January 2024.
39. ^ Almeida, São José (24 November 2014). "António Costa, um político para além da cor da pele". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 30 January 2024.
40. ^ "Mais antigo diário de Goa volta a publicar crónicas em português para celebrar 120 anos". Expresso (in Portuguese). 12 September 2020. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
41. ^ "Festa goesa na FIL" (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 30 January 2024.
42. ^ "Goeses". www.icm.gov.mo. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
43. ^ "Uma comunidade indiana em Portugal diversa e dialogante na fé". SIC Notícias (in Portuguese). 5 May 2021. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
44. ^ "Recordações do jovem Eanes para goeses lerem em português no jornal 'O Heraldo'". Diário de Notícias (in Portuguese). 25 January 2021. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
45. ^ "Noite de Goa na Casa do Alentejo" (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 30 January 2024.
46. ^ "A passage through Portugal". oHeraldo. 17 October 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
47. ^ "Goans in Portugal: Role of History and Identity in Shaping Diaspora Linkages".
48. ^ Lourenço, Inês (2013). "From Goans to Gujaratis : a study of the Indian community in Portugal". CARIM-India. Retrieved 8 July 2024 - via core.ac.uk.
49. ^ "'Indo-Portuguese bonds are not similar to Indo-British ties'". oHeraldo. 9 July 2017. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
50. ^ Menezes, Vivek (15 June 2020). "João Leão and Goa's European Vanguard". mint. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
51. ^ "Da Quinta da Holandesa ao Bairro do Armador: realojamento, integração ou ambos para a comunidade indiana?" (PDF).
52. ^ "Da Quinta da Holandesa ao Bairro do Armador: desafios de integração da comunidade hindu". 22 February 2018.
53. ^ Matos, Helena (4 March 2010). "Retornados: a palavra possível nasceu há 35 anos (I)". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 9 July 2024.
54. ^ "Dismantling the Portuguese Empire". Time Magazine. 7 July 1975. Archived from the original on 13 January 2009.
55. ^ "Quem eram os "retornados"?". RTP Ensina (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 3 November 2023.
56. ^ Matos, Helena. "Os retornados começaram a chegar há 40 anos". Observador (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 3 November 2023.
57. ^ "25 de Abril: Retornados contam história 40 anos depois". www.jornaldenegocios.pt (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 3 November 2023.
58. ^ Almeida, São José (19 April 2014). "Os últimos filhos do Império". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 3 November 2023.
59. ^ "Portal do INE". www.ine.pt. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
60. ^ Pereira Bastos, Susana (2005), "Indian Transnationalisms in colonial and postcolonial Mozambique" (PDF), Wiener Zeitschrift für kritische Afrikastudien (8): 297–298, 301, archived from the original (PDF) on 31 May 2011
61. ^ INE. "Indicador". tabulador.ine.pt. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
62. ^ Ferreira, José; Schnoor, Marina; Felizardo, Sérgio (6 March 2019). "À Margem da Lei: a vida no que resta do Bairro 6 de Maio". Vice (in Portuguese). Retrieved 15 July 2023.
63. ^ "Jovens da Pedreira dos Húngaros fugiram do racismo e encontraram sucesso". Notícias ao Minuto (in Portuguese). 14 October 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
64. ^ Ferreira, José; Schnoor, Marina; Felizardo, Sérgio (6 March 2019). "À Margem da Lei: a vida no que resta do Bairro 6 de Maio". Vice (in Portuguese). Retrieved 15 July 2023.
65. ^ "Bairros de imigrantes africanos demolidos em Lisboa – DW – 09/05/2016". dw.com (in Portuguese). Retrieved 15 July 2023.
66. ^ Dupraze, Paule (1999). "Pour une bibliographie des immigrations africaines au Portugal". Lusotopie. 6 (1): 516–525.
67. ^ "A Proteção dos Direitos Humanos e as Vítimas de tráfico de Pessoas" (PDF).
68. ^ Cunha, Vanessa (October–December 1997). "Macaenses em Portugal: Identidade, Morte e Família Um Modelo de Análise". www.icm.gov.mo. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
69. ^ Macaenses em Lisboa, Ilusão ou Realidade, 6 December 2017, retrieved 10 March 2024
70. ^ Lusa, PÚBLICO e (18 April 2023). "Chefe de governo macaense diz que Macau "é uma sociedade dotada de liberdades"". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 10 March 2024.
71. ^ Macau, Luís Andrade de Sá, em (18 December 1999). "Macaenses conformados". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 10 March 2024.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
72. ^ "A Comunidade Ucraniana em Portugal". Alto Comissariado para a Imigração e Diálogo Intercultural (ACIDI). 26 June 2014. Archived from the original on 13 September 2014. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
73. ^ "Portugal tem menos imigrantes". Diário de Notícias. 4 July 2012. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
74. ^ "Espaço Schengen e Tipos de Vistos Schengen". DGACCP. 2010. Archived from the original on 29 September 2018. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
75. ^ Portugal, Rádio e Televisão de (7 February 2025). "Captura de fugitivos de Vale de Judeus. Sem cooperação entre Espanha e Portugal, "operação seria impossível"". Captura de fugitivos de Vale de Judeus. Sem cooperação entre Espanha e Portugal, "operação seria impossível" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 7 February 2025.
76. ^ "Acquisition of citizenship by age group, sex and former citizenship. Online data code: migr_acq". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
77. ^ a b c d "Taxa de desemprego: total e por sexo (%)". www.pordata.pt. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
78. ^ a b c d "Taxa de crescimento do PIB". www.pordata.pt. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
79. ^ a b c d "Taxa de Inflação (Taxa de Variação do Índice de Preços no Consumidor): total e por consumo individual por objetivo". www.pordata.pt. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
80. ^ a b "Emigrantes: total e por tipo e sexo". www.pordata.pt. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
81. ^ "Statistics Portugal - Web Portal". www.ine.pt.
82. ^ a b c d "Statistics Portugal – Web Portal". www.ine.pt. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
83. ^ a b c "Statistics Portugal – Web Portal". www.ine.pt. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
84. ^ "A Comunidade Ucraniana em Portugal" [The Ukrainian community in Portugal]. High Commissariat for Immigration and Intercultural Dialogue (ACIDI) (in Portuguese). 26 June 2014. Archived from the original on 13 September 2014. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
85. ^ a b c "População estrangeira que adquiriu nacionalidade portuguesa (N.º) por Sexo, Grupo etário e Nacionalidade anterior; Anual". www.ine.pt. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
86. ^ Victoria Waldersee (15 October 2019), Portugal amends returnee program in bid to attract more citizens home Reuters.
87. ^ "Portugal is paying its emigrants to return". World Economic Forum.
88. ^ "Wayback Machine" (PDF). portaldascomunidades.mne.gov.pt.
89. ^ "Portugal e Suécia assinam acordo sobre impostos dos pensionistas". www.jornaldenegocios.pt (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2 August 2023.
90. ^ "Suécia perdeu a paciência e quer revogar acordo fiscal com Portugal". www.jornaldenegocios.pt (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2 August 2023.
91. ^ "Regime português para pensionistas estrangeiros é dos mais prejudiciais da UE". www.dn.pt (in European Portuguese). 22 November 2021. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
92. ^ ""Flórida da Europa": Portugal atrai reformados ricos e divide europeus". www.jornaldenegocios.pt (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2 August 2023.
93. ^ "Pensionistas estrangeiros podem pedir IRS de 0% até março de 2021". www.jornaldenegocios.pt (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2 August 2023.
94. ^ "ARI – Residence permit for investment activity". SEF.pt.
95. ^ "Visto Gold" (PDF).
96. ^ "Fim dos vistos gold: "Portugal precisa de investimento estrangeiro como de pão para a boca"". SIC Notícias (in Portuguese). 6 April 2023. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
97. ^ ECO (6 July 2023). "Parlamento aprova fim de novos vistos gold". ECO (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2 August 2023.
98. ^ "Reação mista ao fim dos vistos Gold em Portugal". euronews (in Portuguese). 14 April 2023. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
99. ^ "Portuguese Law of Return". Retrieved 12 April 2023.
100. ^ "Portuguese Law: Sephardic descendants eligible to obtain Portuguese Citizenship – Sponsored Content | The Times of Israel". The Times of Israel. 28 April 2021. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
101. ^ "Getting The Portuguese Citizenship For The Sephardic Jews". Abitbol Associes. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
102. ^ "Nationality: Acquisition by Descendants of Sephardic Jews". Embassy of Portugal to the United States of America. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
103. ^ Renascença. "Renascença – A par com o mundo". Rádio Renascença (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 12 April 2023.
104. ^ Machado, Alexandra. "Mais de 30 mil descendentes de sefarditas receberam cidadania portuguesa desde 2015". Observador (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 12 April 2023.
105. ^ Lusa, Agência. "Descendentes sefarditas a viver no estrangeiro foram quem mais obteve a cidadania portuguesa". Observador (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 12 April 2023.
106. ^ "Sefarditas de mais de 60 países pediram nacionalidade portuguesa". TSF Rádio Notícias (in European Portuguese). 16 February 2022. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
107. ^ Leandro Da Mota Damasceno, Ian; Ian Pomerantz (14 March 2023). "O que aconteceu à "reparação histórica mais progressista" da Europa?". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 12 April 2023.
108. ^ Castellano, Orge (18 October 2023). "Portugal moves to end Sephardic Jewish citizenship law". The Times of Israel.
109. ^ Cohen, Adi (24 May 2023). "Tchau Israel! Tens of Thousands of Israelis Call This Country Their New Home". Haaretz.
110. ^ Jones, Sam; Silva, Beatriz Ramalho da (16 March 2022). "Portugal to change law under which Roman Abramovich gained citizenship". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
111. ^ "Les secrets de la ruée sur les passeports portugais". Le Monde.fr (in French). 27 February 2023. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
112. ^ "Descendentes de judeus sefarditas correm por nacionalidade em Portugal antes de nova regra". Folha de S.Paulo (in Brazilian Portuguese). 6 May 2022. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
113. ^ Santos, Eurico (6 April 2023). "Comunicado do Conselho de Ministros de 6 de abril de 2023". www.homepagejuridica.pt (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 12 April 2023.
114. ^ Oliveira, Marta Moitinho (15 April 2023). "Lei dos judeus sefarditas válida até ao final de 2023". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2 August 2023.
115. ^ ECO (15 April 2023). "Regime atual para descendentes de judeus sefarditas pedirem nacionalidade termina em dezembro". ECO (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2 August 2023.
116. ^ Gomes, João Francisco. "Regime especial para judeus sefarditas alargado até dezembro de 2024. Deve ser criada comissão para certificar pedidos". Observador (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 30 January 2024.
117. ^ Lopes, Maria (6 December 2023). "PS estende regras para judeus sefarditas até final de 2024 e cria comissão de avaliação". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 30 January 2024.
118. ^ "Mouraria. No bairro do fado, dos talhos 'halal' e do cheiro a caril, as pessoas vivem em condições "tão miseráveis porque não têm alternativas"". CNN Portugal (in Portuguese). 12 February 2023. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
119. ^ Lusa, Agência. "Comunidade do Bangladesh tem cerca 20 infetados em bairro lisboeta". Observador (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2 August 2023.
120. ^ Portugal, Rádio e Televisão de (1 March 2018). ""Bangla em Lisboa". Surpreendente retrato de uma comunidade rendida a Portugal". "Bangla em Lisboa". Surpreendente retrato de uma comunidade rendida a Portugal (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2 August 2023.
121. ^ Carvalho, Patrícia (12 January 2024). "Portugal é o país da Europa com mais emigração. Em 20 anos, 15% da população emigrou". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 12 January 2024.
122. ^ SAPO. "Os 10 países do mundo com mais emigrantes. Portugal está na lista". SAPO Lifestyle (in Portuguese). Retrieved 10 March 2024.
123. ^ "EU citizens living abroad as share of population 2022". Statista. Retrieved 10 March 2024.
124. ^ Lusa, Agência. "SEF prepara resposta para legalizar cerca de 170 mil imigrantes fora do espaço lusófono". Observador (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 3 June 2023.
125. ^ "Expresso". 16 February 2023.
126. ^ "Visto CPLP: O que está no centro da polémica? – DW – 05/10/2023". dw.com (in Portuguese). Retrieved 14 December 2023.
127. ^ "Enganados pelo Governo: limitações do visto CPLP dificultam vida de imigrantes". www.dn.pt (in European Portuguese). 21 October 2023. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
128. ^ "Portugal vai renovar vistos automaticamente; veja quem poderá ter este benefício". Exame (in Brazilian Portuguese). 7 December 2023. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
129. ^ Ferreira, Beatriz. "Migrantes da CPLP sem registo criminal terão visto prolongado automaticamente". Observador (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 14 December 2023.
130. ^ "SEF lança operação para regularizar casos de 300 mil imigrantes que estão em espera". 17 February 2023.
131. ^ "Portugal: O drama dos imigrantes à espera de um visto – DW – 05/11/2023". dw.com (in Portuguese). Retrieved 14 December 2023.
132. ^ "Governo envia funcionários para recrutar trabalhadores de Marrocos, Timor, Índia e Cabo Verde". www.dn.pt (in European Portuguese). 27 July 2023. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
133. ^ "Portugal vai encerrar programa de incentivos fiscais para estrangeiros". Exame (in Brazilian Portuguese). 3 October 2023. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
134. ^ Running, Thomas K. (4 October 2023). "The End of Portugal's Non-Habitual Residence (NHR) Program Announced". Nomad Gate. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
135. ^ "The True Impact and Implications of Ending the NHR Regime". www.theportugalnews.com. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
136. ^ "End of golden visas approved in Portugal". www.theportugalnews.com. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
137. ^ "Judeus sefarditas: regime que permite obter nacionalidade portuguesa deve acabar em 2024". SIC Notícias (in Portuguese). 13 October 2023. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
138. ^ Gomes, João Francisco. "Regime especial para judeus sefarditas alargado até dezembro de 2024. Deve ser criada comissão para certificar pedidos". Observador (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 14 December 2023.
139. ^ Lopes, Maria (13 October 2023). "Afinal, concessão de nacionalidade portuguesa a judeus sefarditas prolonga-se para 2024". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 14 December 2023.
140. ^ Fala Portugal (28 May 2024). Portugal regista recorde de imigrantes a viver no país. Retrieved 28 May 2024 - via YouTube.
141. ^ "Número de imigrantes com autorização de residência ultrapassou um milhão". www.dn.pt (in European Portuguese). 26 October 2023. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
142. ^ "Número de imigrantes em Portugal disparou: eram mais de um milhão em 2023". SIC Notícias (in Portuguese). 27 May 2024. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
143. ^ Correspondente, Vicente Nunes- (27 November 2023). "Bancos brasileiros veem portas fechadas em Portugal". Economia (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 14 December 2023. `{{cite web}}`: `|last=` has generic name (help)
144. ^ "Milhares de pessoas protestam contra a "imigração descontrolada" em Portugal". Voice of America (in Portuguese). 29 September 2024. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
145. ^ "Visão | Temos assim tantos estrangeiros em Portugal? Uma tabela para tirar todas as dúvidas". Visão (in European Portuguese). 11 January 2025. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
146. ^ "Portugal entre o dilema de fechar portas a imigrantes e da falta de quadros". www.sabado.pt (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 7 February 2025.
147. ^ "Bairro da Jamaica". 7 February 2024.
148. ^ "Mais de um milhão de imigrantes em Portugal: 14% da população de Lisboa é estrangeira". TVI Player (in Portuguese). Retrieved 28 May 2024.
149. ^ Portugal, Rádio e Televisão de (31 January 2025). "Número de alunos estrangeiros em Portugal já ultrapassa os 140 mil". Número de alunos estrangeiros em Portugal já ultrapassa os 140 mil (in Portuguese). Retrieved 7 February 2025.
150. ^ "OM avança que mais de seis mil médicos e enfermeiros estrangeiros trabalham em Portugal - News Farma". www.newsfarma.pt (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 7 February 2025.
151. ^ "Governo avança com medidas para garantir "imigração regulada, com fiscalização eficiente e que funcione"". www.portugal.gov.pt. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
152. ^ "O Fim das Manifestações de Interesse - Publicações - Publicações". A prática da advocacia de negócios exige uma assistência muito próxima e personalizada aos clientes (in Portuguese). Retrieved 7 February 2025.
153. ^ Portugal, Rádio e Televisão de (4 June 2024). "Plano de Ação para Migrações. Novas regras de autorização de residência estão em vigor". Plano de Ação para Migrações. Novas regras de autorização de residência estão em vigor (in Portuguese). Retrieved 7 February 2025.
154. ^ "Cabo Verde abre embaixada na Guiné-Bissau em janeiro – DW – 16/12/2020". dw.com (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 July 2024.
155. ^ "Portugal: Comunidade cabo-verdiana está muito bem integrada mas embaixador admite desafios". Expresso das Ilhas (in Portuguese). Retrieved 1 July 2024.
156. ^ "Como obter a nacionalidade portuguesa". justiça.gov.pt (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 1 July 2024.
157. ^ "Portal do INE". www.ine.pt. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
158. ^ Lusa (15 March 2003). "Martim Moniz: Sampaio visita maior centro comercial inter-étnico". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2 August 2023.
159. ^ "SEFSTAT – Portal de Estatística". sefstat.sef.pt. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
160. ^ "Os novos trabalhadores rurais do Alentejo: entre a esperança e a discriminação". landportal.org (in Portuguese). 2 August 2019. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
161. ^ "2022 bate recorde de novas igrejas, em especial evangélicas e graças aos cidadãos brasileiros". www.dn.pt (in European Portuguese). 7 April 2023. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
162. ^ "Como eram os jovens da Cova da Moura: Cabo Verde lá longe". Jornal Expresso (in European Portuguese). 16 July 2017. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
163. ^ "Sefstat 31 Dezembro 2007" (PDF).
164. ^ a b "Product – Products Datasets – Eurostat". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
165. ^ "Sefstat 31 Dezembro 2015" (PDF).
166. ^ "Population on 1 January by age and sex". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
167. ^ Lusa, PÚBLICO (28 June 2019). "Nunca houve tantos estrangeiros a viver em Portugal: são mais de 480 mil". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 3 November 2023.
168. ^ "Statistics Portugal - Web Portal". www.ine.pt. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
169. ^ "AIMA estima 327 mil processos pendentes de regularização de imigrantes". Observador. 28 November 2023. Retrieved 12 June 2025.
170. ^ a b "Governo quer resolver 400 mil processos pendentes na AIMA até junho de 2025". RTP Notícias. 10 April 2024. Retrieved 12 June 2025.
171. ^ a b "Governo quer resolver 400 mil processos pendentes na AIMA até junho de 2025". Público. 10 April 2024. Retrieved 12 June 2025.
172. ^ "Portugal prolonga automaticamente autorizações de residência expiradas". CNN Portugal. 23 April 2024. Retrieved 12 June 2025.
173. ^ "AIMA: Tempo médio de marcação de atendimentos é de 2 a 3 meses". Diário de Notícias. 12 April 2024. Retrieved 12 June 2025.
174. ^ "Processos acumulados da AIMA começam a ser resolvidos: "Estamos aqui há 12 meses à espera"". Expresso. 17 April 2024. Retrieved 12 June 2025.
175. ^ "Supremo obriga AIMA a resolver processos pendentes em 90 dias". Público. 3 June 2024. Retrieved 12 June 2025.
176. ^ "Governo garante que 200 mil processos pendentes já foram resolvidos". RTP Notícias. 15 May 2025. Retrieved 12 June 2025.
177. ^ "Eurostat: Acquisition of citizenship in the EU".
178. ^ "Eurostat".
179. ^ "Portugal approves new immigration law". People's Daily Online. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
180. ^ "Portugal sees integration progress". BBC. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
181. ^ "Pedir a nacionalidade portuguesa - ePortugal.gov.pt". eportugal.gov.pt.
182. ^ "Deportation of illegal immigrants up 53%". The Portugal News. Archived from the original on 7 November 2013. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
183. ^ "Russian immigrants in Portugal – miracles and nightmares". Pravda. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
184. ^ Mosneaga, Valerii (7 August 2014). "8. Irregular Transit Migration of Moldovan Citizens to the European Union Countries". Transit Migration in Europe. pp. 185–208\. doi:10.1515/9789048523160-010. ISBN 978-90-485-2316-0. Retrieved 8 July 2024 - via Degruyter.
185. ^ "MigrationOnline.cz". migrationonline.cz.
186. ^ "Governo recua e já admite legalizar imigrantes que não entregaram processo na AIMA". Expresso (in Portuguese). 27 June 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
187. ^ Correspondente', 'VICENTE NUNES (30 January 2023). "Mais de 100 mil brasileiros estão em situação irregular em Portugal". Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 1 July 2024. `{{cite web}}`: `|last=` has generic name (help)
188. ^ "Jail terms for employers of illegal immigrants". The Portugal News. Archived from the original on 7 November 2013. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
189. ^ "How Spain and Portugal Expelled Their Jews". My Jewish Learning. Retrieved 17 March 2023.
190. ^ "Cristãos-novos". Mundo Educação (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 17 March 2023.
191. ^ "Crypto Jews: What is the history of secret Jews? - explainer". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 17 March 2023.
192. ^ UCL (14 December 2014). "Lisbon and its Jewish refugees: Engaging Portugal with its World War II history". Research Impact. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
193. ^ "Lisbon Jewish Community". cilisboa.org. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
194. ^ "The Jewish Community of Lisbon - The Portuguese Jewish News". portuguesejewishnews.com. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
195. ^ Communications, NYU Web. "The Liminal Life of Jewish Refugees in WWII Portugal—and What it Can Teach Us Today". www.nyu.edu. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
196. ^ "Yad Vashem".
197. ^ "Portugal finally recognises consul who saved thousands from Holocaust". BBC News. 16 June 2020. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
198. ^ "Portugal". United States Department of State. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
199. ^ 16th century Jewish refugees can claim Portuguese citizenship, Haaretz, 13 April 2013, archived from the original on 24 October 2013
200. ^ "Text of Decree-Law n.º 30-A/2015 of Portugal, 27 February 2015" (PDF). cilisboa.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 November 2017. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
201. ^ "Portuguese Nationality for Sephardic Descendants" (PDF). Comunidade Israelita do Porto. Retrieved 26 October 2018.
202. ^ Devos, Olivier (16 September 2016). "Amid rising European anti-Semitism, Portugal sees Jewish renaissance". The Times of Israel. Archived from the original on 4 August 2017. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
203. ^ Liphshiz, Cnaan (12 February 2016). "New citizenship law has Jews flocking to tiny Portugal city". The Times of Israel. Archived from the original on 15 July 2017. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
204. ^ "Portugal open to citizenship applications by descendants of Sephardic Jews". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 3 March 2015. Archived from the original on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
205. ^ Liphshiz, Cnaan (24 February 2018). "A soaring number of Jews acquired Portuguese citizenship in 2017". The Times of Israel. Archived from the original on 11 March 2018. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
206. ^ "1.800 Sephardic Jews get Portuguese citizenship". European Jewish Congress. 26 February 2018.
207. ^ Liphshiz, Cnaan (17 July 2019). "Portugal grants citizenship to 10,000 descendants of Sephardi Jews". The Times of Israel.
208. ^ JTA (9 November 2020). "Portugal Naturalizes 23,000 Applicants Under Jewish Law of Return - Jewish Exponent". Jewish Exponent.
209. ^ "Portugal has granted Portuguese citizenship to 56,685 descendants of Sephardic Jews". Jewish News Syndicate. 8 February 2022.
210. ^ Renascença (20 January 2023). "Registos sem capacidade para dar resposta a mais de 300 mil pedidos de nacionalidade portuguesa - Renascença". Rádio Renascença (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 24 February 2023.
211. ^ "Roman Abramovich: Rabbi investigated over Portuguese citizenship". BBC News. 12 March 2022.
212. ^ "Amid rising European anti-Semitism, Portugal sees Jewish renaissance". Timesofisrael.com. 16 September 2016. Retrieved 30 September 2017.
213. ^ Liphshiz, Cnaan (12 February 2016). "New citizenship law has Jews flocking to tiny Portugal city". Timesofisrael.com. Retrieved 30 September 2017.
214. ^ "Portugal open to citizenship applications by descendants of Sephardic Jews". Jta.org. 3 March 2015. Retrieved 30 September 2017.
215. ^ "Portal do INE". www.ine.pt. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
216. ^ a b c Portugal Detention Profile Archived 4 September 2010 at the Wayback Machine. Global Detention Project. Retrieved 8 February 2010
217. ^ Peralta, Elsa (2019). "A integração dos retornados: identidade, desidentificação e ocultação" (PDF). Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa. (in European Portuguese).
218. ^ "AFRODESCENDENTES EM PORTUGAL". Revista do Observatório das Migrações (in European Portuguese). December 2019.
219. ^ "Cidadãos de países da CPLP vão ter autorizações de residência em 72 horas". Público (in European Portuguese). March 2023.
220. ^ "Quase 800 mil estrangeiros vivem em Portugal e 30% são brasileiros". Público (in European Portuguese). June 2023.
221. ^ "População residente de naturalidade estrangeira segundo os Censos: total e por país de naturalidade". Pordata (in European Portuguese).
222. ^ Amato, Gian (14 December 2020). "'Há qualidade de vida no interior de Portugal, faltam pessoas. É o momento de os brasileiros virem', diz ministra do país". O Globo (in European Portuguese).
223. ^ Rattner, Jair (18 June 2005). "Portugueses fazem protesto em Lisboa contra imigrantes e violência". Folha (in European Portuguese).
224. ^ Carlos, João (20 August 2020). "Ataques racistas preocupam imigrantes africanos em Portugal". DW (in European Portuguese).
225. ^ Gomes, Joaquim (1 December 2018). "Líder do PNR contra "marxismo cultural que captura o pensamento"". Sapo (in European Portuguese).
226. ^ Henriques, Joana (13 July 2018). "Boicote do PNR a protesto anti-racista vigiado pela PSP". Publico (in European Portuguese).
227. ^ Jorge, Catarina (7 October 2019). "O Chega elegeu um deputado e promete ser "o maior partido daqui a 8 anos"". Observador (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 20 February 2021.
228. ^ "Eleições nos Açores: Chega elege dois deputados". Publico (in European Portuguese). 7 October 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2021.
229. ^ "Portugal's centre-right president re-elected but far right gains ground". The Guardian. 25 January 2021. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
230. ^ "Is the far-right gaining popularity in Portugal?". Euronews. 25 January 2021. Retrieved 20 February 2021.
231. ^ Figueiredo, Inês André (10 March 2021). "Só um em cada cinco militantes do Chega inscritos nos cadernos eleitorais votou em Ventura". Observador (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 20 February 2021.
232. ^ Cotrim, António (21 December 2020). "Sondagem legislativas. Chega passa a terceira força e Bloco cai". Publico (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 20 February 2021.
233. ^ "SEFSTAT – Portal de Estatística". sefstat.sef.pt. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
234. ^ "Population on 1 January by age group, sex and country of birth". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 6 July 2024.
235. ^ "Population on 1 January by age, sex and group of country of birth". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 6 July 2024.

* v
* t
* e

Immigration to Portugal

Africa|

* Angolans
* Bissau-Guineans
* Cape Verdeans
* Guineans
* Moroccans
* Mozambicans
* São Toméans
* South Africans

Americas|

* Americans (United States)
* Brazilians
* Venezuelans

Asia|

* Bangladeshis
* Chinese
* Filipinos
* East Timorese
* Indians
* Nepalis
* Pakistanis
* Turks

Europe|

* Belgians
* Britons
* Bulgarians
* Dutch
* French
* Germans
* Irish
* Italians
* Moldovans
* Romanians
* Russians
* Serbs
* Spaniards
* Swedes
* Ukrainians

* v
* t
* e

Portugal articles

History|

| Timeline|

* Oestriminis
* Ophiussa
* Lusitanians
* Lusitania
* Gallaecia
* Hispania
* Suebi
* Buri
* Visigoths
* Al-Andalus
* County of Portugal
* Treaty of Zamora
* Manifestis Probatum
* Kingdom of Portugal
* Monarchs
* 1383–1385 interregnum
* Treaty of Windsor
* Consolidation
* Portuguese golden age
* Empire
* Renaissance
* Treaty of Tordesillas
* Iberian Union
* Restoration War
* 1755 Lisbon earthquake
* 1761 Lisbon earthquake
* History of Portugal (1777–1834)
* Peninsular War
* United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves
* Liberal Revolution
* Liberal Wars
* Constitutional monarchy
* Republican Revolution
* First Republic
* World War I
* 28 de Maio
* Estado Novo
* Overseas War
* Carnation Revolution
* Third Republic

|

By topic|

* Economy
* Military
* Music
* Language

Geography|

* Cities
* Mountains
* Iberian Peninsula
* Islands
* Lakes
* Regions
* Rivers
* Earthquakes
* Volcanoes

Politics|

* Administrative divisions
* Constitution
* Elections
* Foreign relations
* Government
* Judiciary
* Law
* Law enforcement
* Human rights
* LGBT
* Military
* Parliament
* Political parties
* President

Economy|

* Agriculture
* Central bank
* Economic history
* Energy
* Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)
* Fishing
* Mining
* Science and technology
* Stock Exchange
* Telecommunications
* Tourism
* Transport
* Rail

Society|

* Crime
* Demographics
* Drug policy
* Education
* Health
* Homelessness
* Housing
* Immigration
* Languages
* Naturism
* People
* Poverty
* Prostitution
* Time
* Women

Culture|

* Architecture
* Cinema
* Cuisine
* Wine
* Literature
* Media
* Monuments
* Music
* Public holidays
* Religion
* Sport
* Symbols
* World Heritage Sites

* Outline
* Index

* Category
* Portal

* v
* t
* e

Immigration to Europe

By target country|

* Austria
* Denmark
* Finland
* France
* Germany
* Greece
* Italy
* Malta
* Norway
* Portugal
* Romania
* Russia
* Serbia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Turkey
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom

Politics and legislation|

* Migration policy of the European Union
* European Asylum Curriculum
* Immigration Policy 2.0
* Opposition to immigration

From Africa|

* African immigrants
* Migrants' African routes
* France
* Greece
* Norway
* Portugal
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Turkey

*[Pop.]: Population
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template