Independent Olympians at the Olympic Games

Sporting event delegation

Independent Olympians at the
Olympics

IOC code| IOP, IOA, OAR
Summer appearances
Independent Olympic Participants (1992)
Individual Olympic Athletes (2000)
Independent Olympic Athletes (2012)
Independent Olympic Athletes (2016)
ROC (2020)
Individual Neutral Athletes (2024)
Winter appearances
Independent Olympic Participants (2014)
Olympic Athletes from Russia (2018)
ROC (2022)
Individual Neutral Athletes (2026)

Athletes have competed as independent Olympians at the Olympic Games for various reasons, including political transition, international sanctions, suspensions of National Olympic Committees, and compassion. Independent athletes have come from North Macedonia, East Timor, South Sudan and Curaçao following geopolitical changes in the years before the Olympics, from the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (present-day Serbia and Montenegro) as a result of international sanctions, and from India and Kuwait due to the suspensions of their National Olympic Committees. Starting from 2018, athletes from Russia have competed under a neutral designation for various reasons, mainly mass violations of anti-doping rules and since 2022, the Belarus-assisted invasion of Ukraine.

Apart from Russian athletes who won more than hundred medals under a neutral designation, medals were won by independent Olympians at the 1992 and 2016 Olympics, both times in shooting. The naming and country code conventions for these independent Olympians have not been consistent. Independent Paralympians have participated at Paralympic Games for the same reasons as independent Olympians.

## Precursors

[edit]

Prior to the 1906 Intercalated Games, entry was not restricted to teams nominated by National Olympic Committees (NOCs). Mixed-nationality teams competed in some team events. Participants in individual events are retrospectively credited to their nationality of the time.[citation needed]

The 1940 Winter Olympics was reassigned to Garmisch-Partenkirchen in spring 1939. In concert with German claims on Czechoslovakia, the organisers refused to recognise the Czechoslovakia NOC; however, they were prepared to allow its athletes to enter under the Olympic flag.[1] In any event, the Games were cancelled because of World War II.[1]

During the Cold War, some athletes who emigrated from Soviet Bloc countries were unable to compete at the Olympics, as their original state's NOC neither wanted them on its own team nor gave them permission to transfer nationality. Some applied to compete as individuals in 1952 and 1956 but were refused.[2]

When Guyana joined the 1976 Olympic boycott, its sprinter James Gilkes asked the IOC to be allowed to compete as an individual, but was refused.[3][4][5]

The IOC first made provisions for athletes to compete under the Olympic flag in time for the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. Some NOCs, mostly from Western Europe, wished to attend the Games despite their governments' support for the American-led boycott in protest of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. The NOCs hesitated to use national symbols without government approval, so the IOC relaxed this requirement: 14 NOCs competed under the Olympic flag, while three, New Zealand, Spain and Portugal, competed under their respective NOCs' flag.[6][7][8]

## 1992 Winter and Summer Olympics

[edit]

### Independent Olympic Participants

[edit]

Main article: Independent Olympic Participants at the 1992 Summer Olympics

During the 1992 Summer Olympics, athletes from the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and the Republic of Macedonia competed as Independent Olympic participants. Macedonian athletes could not appear under their own flag because their National Olympic Committee (NOC) had not yet been formed. The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) was under United Nations sanctions which prevented the country from taking part in the Olympics. However, individual Yugoslav athletes were allowed to take part as independent Olympic participants. 58 athletes competed as independent Olympic participants, winning three medals.

Medal  | Name  | Nationality[a] | Games  | Sport  | Events

|
|
|
|
|

Silver | Jasna Šekarić | FR Yugoslavia | 1992 Barcelona | Shooting | Women's 10 m air pistol
Bronze | Aranka Binder | FR Yugoslavia | 1992 Barcelona | Shooting | Women's 10 m air rifle
Bronze | Stevan Pletikosić | FR Yugoslavia | 1992 Barcelona | Shooting | Men's 50 m rifle prone

### Unified Team

[edit]

Main article: Unified Team at the Olympics

The former Soviet Union (except the Baltic states) competed under the Olympic flag at the 1992 Winter and Summer Olympics as the Unified Team.

## 2000 Summer Olympics

[edit]

Main article: Individual Olympic Athletes at the 2000 Summer Olympics

At the 2000 Summer Olympics, four athletes from East Timor competed as Individual Olympic Athletes during the country's transition to independence.

## 2012 Summer Olympics

[edit]

Main article: Independent Olympic Athletes at the 2012 Summer Olympics

Four athletes competed as Independent Olympic Athletes at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

After the dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles and subsequent withdrawal of the country's National Olympic Committee, three athletes from the country who qualified for the Games were allowed to compete independently. Several others competed for either Aruba or the Netherlands.

The National Olympic Committee for South Sudan was not established between the formation of that state and the 2012 Olympic qualifying. One athlete from South Sudan, Guor Marial, qualified for the Games and was allowed to compete as an independent.

Athletes from Kuwait were originally allowed to compete as Independent Olympic Athletes as well, because their National Olympic Committee was suspended. However, the NOC was reinstated allowing the athletes to compete under their own flag. Kuwait competed under the Olympic flag at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics and 2010 Asian Games.[9]

## 2014 Winter Olympics

[edit]

Main articles: Independent Olympic Participants at the 2014 Winter Olympics and India at the 2014 Winter Olympics

The Indian Olympic Association was suspended from the IOC in December 2012, due to problems with its electoral process.[10] New elections were scheduled for 9 February 2014, two days after the start of the 2014 Winter Olympics.[11] Therefore, the three Indian athletes who qualified for the Games were scheduled to compete as Independent Olympic Participants.[10]

On 8 and 9 February, Shiva Keshavan participated in the luge competition and received 38th place. He would end up being the only athlete to officially compete as an Independent Olympic Participant.

On 11 February 2014, the IOC reinstated the Indian Olympic Association after Narayana Ramachandran, the president of the World Squash Federation, was voted in as the new president of the Indian Olympic Association, allowing the two remaining athletes to compete under the Indian flag rather than as independent athletes. This was the first time such a reinstatement of a NOC occurred as the Olympic Games were underway.[12][13]

## 2016 Summer Olympics

[edit]

Further information: Independent Olympic Athletes at the 2016 Summer Olympics, Refugee Olympic Team at the 2016 Summer Olympics, and Russia at the 2016 Summer Olympics

Kuwaiti athletes competed independently, as the Kuwait Olympic Committee was suspended by the International Olympic Committee due to governmental interference.[14][15][16] This was the second suspension in five years; the first suspension resulted in Kuwaiti athletes being forced to compete under the Olympic flag as Athletes from Kuwait at the 2010 Asian Games. Fehaid Al-Deehani became the first Independent Olympic Athlete to win a gold medal. Like with some gold medals of the Unified Team at the 1992 Winter and Summer Olympics, the Olympic Hymn was played in the victory ceremony.

Refugees were allowed to compete under the Olympic Flag (one of two delegations to compete under that flag, alongside Kuwaiti IOAs) at the 2016 Summer Olympics, under the label Refugee Olympic Team. Ten athletes from four countries competed for this team.[17]

Due to widespread state-controlled doping in Russia, the International Association of Athletics Federations suspended the All-Russia Athletic Federation in November 2015. As a result, no Russian athlete would be able to compete internationally, including the 2016 Olympics, until the suspension was lifted. The IAAF announced a path for athletes who train outside the Russian system and could prove themselves to be clean, as well as those who have helped in the fight against doping, to be eligible to compete as neutral athletes at the 2016 Olympics.[18] Two athletes, Darya Klishina and Yuliya Stepanova were initially cleared for competition, as Independent Athletes.[19]

Although Yulia Stepanova was cleared by IAAF because of her revelations regarding Russia's systemic doping program, and the IOC's recognition of her "contribution to the protection and promotion of clean athletes", she was banned by the IOC in line with the decision to ban all Russian athletes with previous doping convictions.[20] The IOC also rejected the suggestion that 'neutral' athletes could compete outside of national selection.[21] Klishina was subsequently confirmed as competing under Russian colours, the country's only competitor in athletics at the 2016 Olympics.[22]

Medal  | Name  | Nationality[a] | Games  | Sport  | Events

|
|
|
|
|

Gold | Fehaid Al-Deehani | Kuwait | 2016 Rio de Janeiro | Shooting | Men's double trap
Bronze | Abdullah Al-Rashidi | Kuwait | 2016 Rio de Janeiro | Shooting | Men's skeet

## 2018 Winter Olympics

[edit]

Main article: Olympic Athletes from Russia at the 2018 Winter Olympics

On 5 December 2017, the IOC announced that Russia would be banned from the 2018 Winter Olympics over its state-sponsored doping program. Russian athletes were allowed to participate under the Olympic flag as "Olympic Athletes from Russia" (OAR) if they were cleared by a panel, which was chaired by Valerie Fourneyron and had representatives from the IOC, the World Anti-Doping Agency, and the Doping Free Sport Unit of the Global Association of International Sports Federations.[23][24][25]

Medal  | Name  | Nationality[a] | Games  | Sport  | Events

|
|
|
|
|

Gold | Alina Zagitova | Russia | 2018 Pyeongchang | Figure skating | Ladies' singles
Gold | Russia men's national ice hockey team

* Sergei Andronov
* Alexander Barabanov
* Pavel Datsyuk
* Vladislav Gavrikov
* Mikhail Grigorenko
* Nikita Gusev
* Ilya Kablukov
* Sergey Kalinin
* Kirill Kaprizov
* Bogdan Kiselevich
* Vasily Koshechkin
* Ilya Kovalchuk
* Alexey Marchenko
* Sergei Mozyakin
* Nikita Nesterov
* Nikolai Prokhorkin
* Igor Shestyorkin
* Vadim Shipachyov
* Sergei Shirokov
* Ilya Sorokin
* Ivan Telegin
* Vyacheslav Voynov
* Egor Yakovlev
* Artyom Zub
* Andrei Zubarev

| Russia | 2018 Pyeongchang | Ice hockey | Men's tournament
Silver |

* Mikhail Kolyada
* Evgenia Medvedeva
* Alina Zagitova
* Evgenia Tarasova
* Vladimir Morozov
* Natalia Zabiiako
* Alexander Enbert
* Ekaterina Bobrova
* Dmitri Soloviev

| Russia | 2018 Pyeongchang | Figure skating | Team event
Silver | Nikita Tregubov | Russia | 2018 Pyeongchang | Skeleton | Men's
Silver |

* Aleksandr Bolshunov
* Aleksey Chervotkin
* Andrey Larkov
* Denis Spitsov

| Russia | 2018 Pyeongchang | Cross-country skiing | Men's 4 × 10 km relay
Silver |

* Aleksandr Bolshunov
* Denis Spitsov

| Russia | 2018 Pyeongchang | Cross-country skiing | Men's team sprint
Silver | Evgenia Medvedeva | Russia | 2018 Pyeongchang | Figure skating | Ladies' singles
Silver | Aleksandr Bolshunov | Russia | 2018 Pyeongchang | Cross-country skiing | Men's 50 km classical
Bronze | Semion Elistratov | Russia | 2018 Pyeongchang | Short track speed skating | Men's 1500 metres
Bronze | Yulia Belorukova | Russia | 2018 Pyeongchang | Cross-country skiing | Women's sprint
Bronze | Aleksandr Bolshunov | Russia | 2018 Pyeongchang | Cross-country skiing | Men's sprint
Bronze | Denis Spitsov | Russia | 2018 Pyeongchang | Cross-country skiing | Men's 15 km freestyle
Bronze | Natalya Voronina | Russia | 2018 Pyeongchang | Speed skating | Women's 5000 m
Bronze |

* Yulia Belorukova
* Anna Nechaevskaya
* Natalia Nepryaeva
* Anastasia Sedova

| Russia | 2018 Pyeongchang | Cross-country skiing | Women's 4 × 5 km relay
Bronze | Ilya Burov | Russia | 2018 Pyeongchang | Freestyle skiing | Men's aerials
Bronze | Sergey Ridzik | Russia | 2018 Pyeongchang | Freestyle skiing | Men's ski cross
Bronze | Andrey Larkov | Russia | 2018 Pyeongchang | Cross-country skiing | Men's 50 km classical

## 2020 Summer Olympics

[edit]

Further information: IOC Refugee Olympic Team at the 2020 Summer Olympics and Russian Olympic Committee athletes at the 2020 Summer Olympics

The IOC Refugee Olympic Team competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan, as independent Olympic participants.[26] Twenty-nine athletes from 12 sports and 18 countries competed for this team. The IOC code was changed to the French acronym "EOR" which stands for Équipe olympique des réfugiés.[26]

Following a decision by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), it was announced that Russia would compete under the acronym "ROC", after the name of the Russian Olympic Committee. In the aftermatch, the IOC announced that the Russian national flag would be substituted by the flag of the Russian Olympic Committee. It would also be allowed to use team uniforms featuring the Russian national colours, the logo of the Russian Olympic Committee and bearing the acronym "ROC".[27][28]

Medal  | Name  | Sport  | Event  | Date

|
|
|
|

Gold | Vitalina Batsarashkina | Shooting | Women's 10 m air pistol | 25 July
Gold | Sofia Pozdniakova | Fencing | Women's sabre | 26 July
Gold | Denis Ablyazin
David Belyavskiy
Artur Dalaloyan
Nikita Nagornyy | Gymnastics | Men's artistic team all-around | 26 July
Gold | Maksim Khramtsov | Taekwondo | Men's 80 kg | 26 July
Gold | Evgeny Rylov | Swimming | Men's 100 m backstroke | 27 July
Gold | Lilia Akhaimova
Viktoria Listunova
Angelina Melnikova
Vladislava Urazova | Gymnastics | Women's artistic team all-around | 27 July
Gold | Vladislav Larin | Taekwondo | Men's +80 kg | 27 July
Gold | Inna Deriglazova
Larisa Korobeynikova
Marta Martyanova
Adelina Zagidullina | Fencing | Women's team foil | 29 July
Gold | Evgeny Rylov | Swimming | Men's 200 m backstroke | 30 July
Gold | Vitalina Batsarashkina | Shooting | Women's 25 m pistol | 30 July
Gold | Olga Nikitina
Sofia Pozdniakova
Sofya Velikaya | Fencing | Women's team sabre | 31 July
Gold | Andrey Rublev
Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova | Tennis | Mixed doubles | 1 August
Gold | Musa Evloev | Wrestling | Men's Greco-Roman 97 kg | 3 August
Gold | Svetlana Kolesnichenko
Svetlana Romashina | Artistic swimming | Women's duet | 4 August
Gold | Albert Batyrgaziev | Boxing | Men's featherweight | 5 August
Gold | Zaur Uguev | Wrestling | Men's freestyle 57 kg | 5 August
Gold | Zaurbek Sidakov | Wrestling | Men's freestyle 74 kg | 6 August
Gold | Vlada Chigireva
Marina Goliadkina
Svetlana Kolesnichenko
Polina Komar
Alexandra Patskevich
Svetlana Romashina
Alla Shishkina
Maria Shurochkina | Artistic swimming | Women's team | 7 August
Gold | Abdulrashid Sadulaev | Wrestling | Men's freestyle 97 kg | 7 August
Gold | Mariya Lasitskene | Athletics | Women's high jump | 7 August
Silver | Anastasiia Galashina | Shooting | Women's 10 m air rifle | 24 July
Silver | Svetlana Gomboeva
Elena Osipova
Ksenia Perova | Archery | Women's team | 25 July
Silver | Inna Deriglazova | Fencing | Women's foil | 25 July
Silver | Tatiana Minina | Taekwondo | Women's 57 kg | 25 July
Silver | Sofya Velikaya | Fencing | Women's sabre | 26 July
Silver | Kliment Kolesnikov | Swimming | Men's 100 m backstroke | 27 July
Silver | Vitalina Batsarashkina
Artem Chernousov | Shooting | Mixed 10 m air pistol team | 27 July
Silver | Mikhail Dovgalyuk
Ivan Girev
Aleksandr Krasnykh[a]
Martin Malyutin
Evgeny Rylov
Mikhail Vekovishchev[a] | Swimming | Men's 4 × 200 m freestyle relay | 28 July
Silver | Evgeniia Frolkina
Olga Frolkina
Yulia Kozik
Anastasia Logunova | Basketball | Women's 3x3 tournament | 28 July
Silver | Ilia Karpenkov
Kirill Pisklov
Stanislav Sharov
Alexander Zuev | Basketball | Men's 3x3 tournament | 28 July
Silver | Vasilisa Stepanova
Elena Oriabinskaia | Rowing | Women's coxless pair | 29 July
Silver | Hanna Prakatsen | Rowing | Women's single sculls | 30 July
Silver | Elena Osipova | Archery | Women's individual | 30 July
Silver | Sergey Bida
Nikita Glazkov
Sergey Khodos
Pavel Sukhov | Fencing | Men's team épée | 30 July
Silver | Yulia Zykova | Shooting | Women's 50 m rifle three positions | 31 July
Silver | Karen Khachanov | Tennis | Men's singles | 1 August
Silver | Anastasia Iliankova | Gymnastics | Women's uneven bars | 1 August
Silver | Anton Borodachev
Kirill Borodachev
Vladislav Mylnikov
Timur Safin | Fencing | Men's team foil | 1 August
Silver | Aslan Karatsev
Elena Vesnina | Tennis | Mixed doubles | 1 August
Silver | Sergey Kamenskiy | Shooting | Men's 50 m rifle three positions | 2 August
Silver | Denis Ablyazin | Gymnastics | Men's vault | 2 August
Silver | Anzhelika Sidorova | Athletics | Women's pole vault | 5 August
Silver | Muslim Gadzhimagomedov | Boxing | Men's heavyweight | 6 August
Silver | Viacheslav Krasilnikov
Oleg Stoyanovskiy | Volleyball | Men's beach | 7 August
Silver | Dina Averina | Gymnastics | Women's rhythmic individual all-around | 7 August
Silver | Russia men's national volleyball team

* Denis Bogdan
* Valentin Golubev
* Ivan Iakovlev
* Egor Kliuka
* Igor Kobzar
* Ilyas Kurkaev
* Maksim Mikhaylov
* Pavel Pankov
* Yaroslav Podlesnykh
* Viktor Poletaev
* Dmitry Volkov
* Artem Volvich

| Volleyball | Men's tournament | 7 August
Silver | Anastasia Bliznyuk
Anastasia Maksimova
Angelina Shkatova
Anastasia Tatareva
Alisa Tishchenko | Gymnastics | Women's rhythmic group all-around | 8 August
Silver | Russia women's national handball team

* Vladlena Bobrovnikova
* Daria Dmitrieva
* Olga Fomina
* Polina Gorshkova
* Ekaterina Ilina
* Victoriya Kalinina
* Polina Kuznetsova
* Kseniya Makeyeva
* Yulia Managarova
* Elena Mikhaylichenko
* Anna Sedoykina
* Anna Sen
* Antonina Skorobogatchenko
* Anna Vyakhireva
* Polina Vedekhina

| Handball | Women's tournament | 8 August
Bronze | Mikhail Artamonov | Taekwondo | Men's 58 kg | 24 July
Bronze | Larisa Korobeynikova | Fencing | Women's foil | 25 July
Bronze | Aleksandr Bondar
Viktor Minibaev | Diving | Men's synchronized 10 m platform | 26 July
Bronze | Yulia Karimova
Sergey Kamenskiy | Shooting | Mixed 10 m air rifle team | 27 July
Bronze | Madina Taimazova | Judo | Women's 70 kg | 28 July
Bronze | Nikita Nagornyy | Gymnastics | Men's artistic individual all-around | 28 July
Bronze | Kliment Kolesnikov | Swimming | Men's 100 m freestyle | 29 July
Bronze | Niyaz Ilyasov | Judo | Men's 100 kg | 29 July
Bronze | Angelina Melnikova | Gymnastics | Women's artistic individual all-around | 29 July
Bronze | Tamerlan Bashaev | Judo | Men's +100 kg | 30 July
Bronze | Yulia Karimova | Shooting | Women's 50 m rifle three positions | 31 July
Bronze | Imam Khataev | Boxing | Men's light heavyweight | 1 August
Bronze | Andrey Zamkovoy | Boxing | Men's welterweight | 1 August
Bronze | Daria Shmeleva
Anastasia Voynova | Cycling | Women's team sprint | 2 August
Bronze | Angelina Melnikova | Gymnastics | Women's floor | 2 August
Bronze | Sergey Emelin | Wrestling | Men's Greco-Roman 60 kg | 2 August
Bronze | Sergey Semenov | Wrestling | Men's Greco-Roman 130 kg | 2 August
Bronze | Nikita Nagornyy | Gymnastics | Men's horizontal bar | 3 August
Bronze | Gleb Bakshi | Boxing | Men's middleweight | 5 August
Bronze | Artur Naifonov | Wrestling | Men's freestyle 86 kg | 5 August
Bronze | Zemfira Magomedalieva | Boxing | Women's middleweight | 6 August
Bronze | Gulnaz Khatuntseva
Maria Novolodskaya | Cycling | Women's madison | 6 August
Bronze | Gadzhimurad Rashidov | Wrestling | Men's freestyle 65 kg | 7 August

## 2022 Winter Olympics

[edit]

Further information: Russian Olympic Committee athletes at the 2022 Winter Olympics

Similarly to the 2020 Summer Olympics, Russia competed in the 2022 Beijing Games under the "ROC" acronym due to WADA's sanctions.[27]

Medal  | Name  | Sport  | Event  | Date

|
|
|
|

Gold | Alexander Bolshunov | Cross-country skiing | Men's 30 km skiathlon | 6 February
Gold | Natalya Nepryayeva
Tatiana Sorina
Veronika Stepanova
Yuliya Stupak | Cross-country skiing | Women's 4 × 5 km relay | 12 February
Gold | Alexander Bolshunov
Aleksey Chervotkin
Denis Spitsov
Sergey Ustiugov | Cross-country skiing | Men's 4 × 10 km relay | 13 February
Gold | Anna Shcherbakova | Figure skating | Women's singles | 17 February
Gold | Alexander Bolshunov | Cross-country skiing | Men's 50 kilometre freestyle | 19 February
Silver | Natalya Nepryayeva | Cross-country skiing | Women's 15 km skiathlon | 5 February
Silver | Denis Spitsov | Cross-country skiing | Men's 30 km skiathlon | 6 February
Silver | Irina Avvakumova
Evgenii Klimov
Irma Makhinia
Danil Sadreev | Ski jumping | Mixed team | 7 February
Silver | Alexander Bolshunov | Cross-country skiing | Men's 15 km classical | 11 February
Silver | Konstantin Ivliev | Short track speed skating | Men's 500 metres | 13 February
Silver | Nikita Katsalapov
Victoria Sinitsina | Figure skating | Ice dance | 14 February
Silver | Daniil Aldoshkin
Sergey Trofimov
Ruslan Zakharov | Speed skating | Men's team pursuit | 15 February
Silver | Irina Kazakevich
Svetlana Mironova
Uliana Nigmatullina
Kristina Reztsova | Biathlon | Women's relay | 16 February
Silver | Alexandra Trusova | Figure skating | Women's singles | 17 February
Silver | Ivan Yakimushkin | Cross-country skiing | Men's 50 kilometre freestyle | 19 February
Silver | Vladimir Morozov
Evgenia Tarasova | Figure skating | Pair skating | 19 February
Silver | Russia men's national ice hockey team

* Sergei Andronov
* Timur Bilyalov
* Andrei Chibisov
* Ivan Fedotov
* Stanislav Galiev
* Mikhail Grigorenko
* Arseni Gritsyuk
* Nikita Gusev
* Pavel Karnaukhov
* Artur Kayumov
* Artyom Minulin
* Nikita Nesterov
* Alexander Nikishin
* Sergei Plotnikov
* Alexander Samonov
* Kirill Semyonov
* Damir Sharipzyanov
* Vadim Shipachyov
* Anton Slepyshev
* Sergei Telegin
* Vladimir Tkachyov
* Dmitri Voronkov
* Slava Voynov
* Egor Yakovlev
* Alexander Yelesin

| Ice hockey | Men's tournament | 20 February
Bronze | Uliana Nigmatullina
Kristina Reztsova
Alexander Loginov
Eduard Latypov | Biathlon | Mixed relay | 5 February
Bronze | Anastasia Smirnova | Freestyle skiing | Women's moguls | 6 February
Bronze[29] | Aleksandr Galliamov
Nikita Katsalapov
Mark Kondratiuk
Anastasia Mishina
Victoria Sinitsina
~~Kamila Valieva~~ (DSQ) | Figure skating | Team event | 7 February
Bronze | Vic Wild | Snowboarding | Men's parallel giant slalom | 8 February
Bronze | Alexander Terentyev | Cross-country skiing | Men's sprint | 8 February
Bronze | Tatiana Ivanova | Luge | Women's singles | 8 February
Bronze | Semion Elistratov | Short track speed skating | Men's 1500 metres | 9 February
Bronze | Eduard Latypov | Biathlon | Men's pursuit | 13 February
Bronze | Angelina Golikova | Speed skating | Women's 500 metres | 13 February
Bronze | Said Karimulla Khalili
Eduard Latypov
Alexander Loginov
Maxim Tsvetkov | Biathlon | Men's relay | 15 February
Bronze | Natalya Nepryayeva
Yuliya Stupak | Cross-country skiing | Women's team sprint | 16 February
Bronze | Alexander Bolshunov
Alexander Terentyev | Cross-country skiing | Men's team sprint | 16 February
Bronze | Ilya Burov | Freestyle skiing | Men's aerials | 16 February
Bronze | Sergey Ridzik | Freestyle skiing | Men's ski cross | 18 February
Bronze | Aleksandr Galliamov
Anastasia Mishina | Figure skating | Pair skating | 19 February

## 2024 Summer Olympics

[edit]

Further information: Individual Neutral Athletes at the 2024 Summer Olympics

Medal  | Name  | Country  | Sport  | Event  | Date

|
|
|
|
|

Gold | Ivan Litvinovich | Belarus  | Gymnastics | Men's trampoline | 2 August
Silver | Viyaleta Bardzilouskaya | Belarus  | Gymnastics | Women's trampoline | 2 August
Silver | Yauheni Zalaty | Belarus  | Rowing | Men's single sculls | 3 August
Silver | Mirra Andreeva
Diana Shnaider | Russia  | Tennis | Women's doubles | 4 August
Bronze | Yauheni Tsikhantsou | Belarus  | Weightlifting | Men's – 102 kg | 10 August

## 2026 Winter Olympics

[edit]

Further information: Individual Neutral Athletes at the 2026 Winter Olympics

In December 2024, the International Skating Union announced that athletes from Belarus and Russia would be allowed to participate in events at the 2026 Winter Olympics; if qualified, they would compete under the Individual Neutral Athlete banner, as was done at the 2024 Summer Olympics.[30]

## See also

[edit]

* Independent Paralympians at the Paralympic Games
* List of flag bearers for Independent Olympians at the Olympics
* Refugee Olympic Team at the Olympics
* Russian Olympic Committee athletes at the Olympics

## Footnotes

[edit]

1. ^ a b c The athlete's nationality is listed at the time of the competition.

## References

[edit]

### Citations

[edit]

1. ^ a b Scharenberg, Swantje (2004). "1940 Olympic Winter Games (Never Held)". In John E. Findling, Kimberly D. Pelle (ed.). Encyclopedia of the Modern Olympic Movement. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 310\. ISBN 9780313322785. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
2. ^ Espy 1981, pp.168–9
3. ^ "Guyana: Olympic tradition". NBC Olympics. NBC. Archived from the original on 25 April 2012. Retrieved 17 October 2012.
4. ^ Anderson, Dave (26 July 1976). "James Wilkes [sic] deserved to compete in Olympics". Lethbridge Herald. p. 12.
5. ^ "James Gilkes: A lost opportunity". Stabroek News. 15 August 2008. Archived from the original on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
6. ^ Espy 1981, p.196
7. ^ "Around the National Olympic Committees: Declaration by 18 European NOCs" (PDF). Olympic Review (151). Lausanne: International Olympic Committee: 273. May 1980. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 May 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
8. ^ Barker, Philip (July 2010). "The Hidden Legacies of Moscow '80: Changes in Ceremonial and Attitudes" (PDF). Journal of Olympic History. 18 (2). ISOH: 32–37\. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 May 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
9. ^ "Olympics-Kuwait to hoist the flag at Games after row resolved". Reuters. 14 July 2012. Archived from the original on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2012.
10. ^ a b "Indian athletes to compete under Olympic flag at Sochi Games". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on 14 September 2016. Retrieved 19 January 2014.
11. ^ "Shiva Keshavan qualifies for Sochi Winter Olympics". The Times of India. 19 January 2014. Archived from the original on 13 August 2019. Retrieved 19 January 2014.
12. ^ "International Olympic Committee reinstates India at Sochi after ban". CNN. 11 February 2014. Archived from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 11 February 2014.
13. ^ "IOC Executive Board lifts suspension of NOC of India". 21 July 2016. Archived from the original on 11 February 2014. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
14. ^ "IOC suspends Kuwait's national Olympic committee". USA Today. 27 October 2015. Archived from the original on 27 July 2024. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
15. ^ "Suspension of the Kuwait Olympic Committee". Olympics. 27 October 2015. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
16. ^ "Independent Olympic Athletes". Rio2016.com. Rio 2016 Organising Committee for the Olympic and Paralympic Games. Archived from the original on 15 August 2016. Retrieved 3 August 2016.
17. ^ "Team of Refugee Olympic Athletes (ROA) created by the IOC". IOC. Archived from the original on 29 May 2016. Retrieved 3 March 2016.
18. ^ "Russians, Kenyans to face evaluation for Rio Games spots, IOC chief Thomas Bach says". ABC News. 21 June 2016. Archived from the original on 7 October 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
19. ^ Yeung, Peter (10 July 2016). "Rio 2016: Every Russian athlete except Darya Klishina and Yuliya Stepanova rejected from competing at Olympics". The Independent. Archived from the original on 27 May 2019. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
20. ^ "Decision of the IOC Executive Board concerning the participation of Russian athletes in the Olympic Games Rio 2016". IOC. 24 July 2016. Archived from the original on 30 December 2017. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
21. ^ "Background Information to the decision of the IOC Executive Board concerning the participation of Russian athletes in the Olympic Games Rio 2016". 24 July 2016. Archived from the original on 25 July 2016. Retrieved 27 July 2016.
22. ^ Gleeson, Matthew (31 July 2016). "Russian Darya Klishina training where Australians train ahead of 2016 Rio Olympics". Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on 2 August 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
23. ^ "IOC bans Russia from Pyeongchang Olympics, but will allow clean athletes to compete as neutrals". National Post. 5 December 2017. Retrieved 5 December 2017.
24. ^ Ruiz, Rebecca; Panja, Tariq (5 December 2017). "Russia Banned from Winter Olympics by I.O.C." The New York Times. Archived from the original on 6 December 2017. Retrieved 5 December 2017.
25. ^ Hobson, Will (5 December 2017). "Russia banned from 2018 Olympics for widespread doping program". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on 17 December 2017. Retrieved 5 December 2017.
26. ^ a b "29 refugee athletes to send a message of solidarity and hope to the world at the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020". Archived from the original on 8 June 2021. Retrieved 8 June 2021.
27. ^ a b "Olympics: Russia to compete under ROC acronym in Tokyo as part of doping sanctions". Reuters. Reuters. 19 February 2021. Archived from the original on 20 February 2021. Retrieved 20 February 2021.
28. ^ "Russia's flag banned but national colors on Olympic uniforms". AP News.
29. ^ "BEIJING 2022 FIGURE SKATING TEAM EVENT RESULTS". International Olympic Committee. 31 January 2024. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
30. ^ Agence France-Presse (20 December 2024). "Russian Skaters Allowed to Compete as Neutrals in 2026 Winter Olympics". The Moscow Times. Retrieved 22 December 2024.

### Sources

[edit]

* Espy, Richard (1981). The Politics of the Olympic Games: With an Epilogue, 1976-1980. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520043954. Retrieved 19 August 2016.

## External links

[edit]

* "Olympic Results". International Olympic Committee.
* "Individual Olympic Athletes". Olympedia.com.
* "Olympic Analytics/IOA". olympanalyt.com.

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