India–Pakistan cricket rivalry

Sporting rivalry between India and Pakistan

India–Pakistan cricket rivalry

Panoramic view of the 2015 Cricket World Cup match between India and Pakistan

Sport| Cricket
Teams|

* India
* Pakistan

First meeting|

* Test: 16–19 October 1952 (India won the match by an innings and 70 runs)
* ODI: 1 October 1978 (India won by 4 runs)
* T20I: 14 September 2007, 2007 T20 World Cup (India won by bowl-out after match tied)

Latest meeting|

* Test: 8–12 December 2007 (Match Drawn)
* ODI: 14 October 2023, 2023 Cricket World Cup (India won by 7 wickets)
* T20I: 9 June 2024, 2024 T20 World Cup (India won by 6 runs)

Next meeting|

* Test: TBD
* ODI: TBD (Expected: 2025 ICC Champions Trophy)
* T20I: TBD

Trophy|

* India: 6
2 Cricket World Cup
2 T20 World Cup
2 Champions Trophy
* Pakistan: 3
1 Cricket World Cup
1 T20 World Cup
1 Champions Trophy

Statistics
Meetings total|

* Test: 59
* ODI: 135
* T20I: 13

Most wins|

* Test: (Pakistan 12; India 9)
* ODI: (Pakistan 73; India 57)
* T20I: (India 9; Pakistan 3)

The India–Pakistan cricket rivalry is one of the most intense sports rivalries in the world.[1][2] Showdowns between the teams are considered some of the biggest matches in the world, and are among the most-viewed sport games.

India has won 11 ICC tournaments compared to Pakistan's 5. At senior level, India has won 6 ICC trophies (2 Cricket World Cup, 2 T20 World Cup, 2 Champions Trophy), while Pakistan has won 3 (1 Cricket World Cup, 1 T20 World Cup, and 1 Champions Trophy). India has overwhelmingly dominated Pakistan in ICC World Cups, winning 14 out of 15 matches, with Pakistan securing only one victory.

The tense relations between the two nations, resulting from bitter diplomatic relationships and conflict that originated during the Partition of British India into India and Pakistan in 1947, the Indo-Pakistani Wars, and the Kashmir conflict, laid the foundations for the emergence of a fierce sporting rivalry between the two nations who had shared a common cricketing heritage.[3]

The two sides first played in 1952, when Pakistan toured India. Tests and, later, limited overs series have been played ever since, although a number of planned tours by both sides have been cancelled or aborted due to political factors. No cricket was played between the two countries between 1962 and 1977 due to two major wars in 1965 and 1971, and the 1999 Kargil War and the 2008 Mumbai terrorist attacks have also interrupted cricketing ties between the two nations.[4][5]

The growth of large expatriate populations from both countries across the world led to neutral venues, including the United Arab Emirates and Canada, hosting bilateral and multilateral One Day International (ODI) series involving the two teams and the teams have met during International Cricket Council (ICC) competitions. Tickets for matches in which the two teams play each other at international competitions are in high demand, with over 800,000 applications for tickets made for the 2019 Cricket World Cup meeting between the two sides;[4][5] the television transmission of the match was watched by 273 million viewers.[6]

Players from both teams routinely face extreme pressure to win and are threatened by extreme reactions in defeat. Extreme fan reactions to defeats in key matches have been recorded, with a limited degree of hooliganism.[4] At the same time, India–Pakistan matches have also offered opportunities for cricket diplomacy as a means to improve relations between the two countries by allowing heads of state to exchange visits and cricket followers from either country to travel to the other to watch the matches.[5]

## History

[edit]

See also: India–Pakistan relations

The Partition of British India in 1947 that led to the creation of independent Indian and Pakistani states was characterised by bloody conflict between ethnic groups that left one million people dead and led to the mass-migration of an estimated ten million people to the nation of their choice. The legacy of Partition and subsequent territorial disputes have helped create heated rivalries in field hockey, association football, and especially in cricket, which had been developed during British colonial rule and is the most popular sport in both nations.[7]

Captains Abdul Kardar of Pakistan (left) and Lala Amarnath of India (right) with Indian President Rajendra Prasad (center) on the day of the first test, 16 October 1952

Pakistan became a member of the Imperial Cricket Conference (now the International Cricket Council) in 1948,[A] becoming a Full Member[B] in July 1952.[C] Their tour of India later the same year saw the team play their first Test matches. They lost the first Test in Delhi to India, but won the second Test in Lucknow, which led to an angry reaction from the home crowd against the Indian players. India clinched the Test series after winning the third Test in Bombay, but the intense pressure affected the players of both teams to the point that they pursued mainly defensive tactics that led to drawn matches and whole series without a victory.[8] When India toured Pakistan in 1955, thousands of Indian fans were granted visas to go to the Pakistani city of Lahore to watch the Test match, but both the 1955 series and Pakistan's tour of India in 1961 ended in drawn series, with neither team being able to win a single Test match. Complaints about the fairness of umpires became routine.[9][10]

The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 and subsequent War of 1971 put a hold on matches between the two sides that lasted till 1978, when India toured Pakistan and cricket between the two countries resumed for a brief period.[11] In the post-1971 period, politics became a direct factor in the holding of cricketing events. India has suspended cricketing ties with Pakistan several times following terrorist attacks or other hostilities. The resumption of cricketing ties in 1978 came with the emergence of heads of government in both India and Pakistan who were not directly connected with the 1971 war and coincided with their formal initiatives to normalise bilateral relations. Shortly after a period of belligerency during the Operation Brasstacks war games, Pakistani president Zia-ul-Haq was invited to watch the India–Pakistan Test being played in the Indian city of Jaipur. This form of cricket diplomacy has occurred several times. Pakistan toured India in 1979,[12] but an Indian tour of Pakistan in 1984 was cancelled mid-way through the series due to the assassination of Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.[13]

In the late 1980s and for most of the 1990s, India and Pakistan played each other only at neutral venues such as Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates and in the Canadian city of Toronto, where large audiences of expatriates regularly watched matches between the sides.[14] The series between the teams in Canada in the 1990s and early 2000s were officially known as the "Friendship Cup". Sharjah, even though a neutral venue, was considered as the "back yard of Pakistan" given the close proximity and the massive support the team generated.[15]

The rise of multinational competitions such as the Cricket World Cup, ICC T20 World Cup, ICC Champions Trophy, the Austral-Asia Cup, and the Asia Cup led to more regular, albeit briefer, contests between the two sides.[16]

Anil Kumble became the second bowler in cricket history to take ten wickets in an innings in a match against Pakistan in 1999

In 1999, immediately following Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee's historic visit to Pakistan, the Pakistani team toured India for a series of Test matches and One Day Internationals. The Kargil War later in the year caused tensions between the countries and cricket was again suspended. Vajpayee's peace initiative of 2003 led to India touring Pakistan after a gap of almost 15 years. Subsequent exchange tours were held in 2005 and 2006 before the 2008 Mumbai attacks led to the suspension of India's planned tour of Pakistan in 2009 and all future engagements in Pakistan.[17] India has refused to play any form of series against Pakistan since then.[18]

Play from the last Test Match meeting between India and Pakistan, Banglore, December 2007.

The 2009 attack on the Sri Lanka national cricket team in Lahore led to the suspension of international tours of Pakistan, with no Test series played in the country for a decade[19] and Pakistan was removed as a co-host for the 2011 Cricket World Cup which had been due to be played across the Indian subcontinent.[D] India and Pakistan qualified for the first semi-final of the tournament and the Indian government invited the Pakistani Prime Minister Yousuf Raza Gilani to watch the match along with his Indian counterpart, Manmohan Singh.[20]

The second match of the series, Kolkata, January 2013. India and Pakistan during the 2013 ICC Champions Trophy.

Bilateral ties finally resumed when the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) invited the Pakistan national team to tour India for three ODIs and two T20Is in December 2012.[21] In June 2014, the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) announced that an agreement to play six bilateral series across eight years between the two teams had reached.[22] After lengthy negotiations involving offers and counter-offers on the venues and scheduling of the first of these series in December 2015, the boards were unable to reach an agreement.[23] In May 2017, the BCCI accounted that it would need approval from the Indian government before a bilateral series could go ahead.[24] There was no further progress, despite members of both boards meeting in Dubai to discuss the matter.[25]

In October 2021, during the T20 World Cup, the teams played their 200th international match against each other.[26] Pakistan won the fixture by ten wickets, their first in 13 attempts against India in World Cup tournaments of either format.[27]

In October 2021, following a meeting with the ACC, Ramiz Raja confirmed that Pakistan would host the Asia Cup in 2023, with Sri Lanka hosting the 2022 edition.[28] In October 2022, the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) secretary and ACC President Jay Shah announced that India would not travel to Pakistan, citing security concerns, and that the Asia Cup 2023 would take place in a neutral venue.[29] In December 2022, the then PCB chairman Ramiz Raja said that Pakistan might consider pulling out of the tournament if their hosting rights were withdrawn because of India's unwillingness to travel to Pakistan.[30] The PCB had threatened to boycott the 2023 Cricket World Cup in India after the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) refused to send a team to the Asia Cup.[31][32] This issue was later resolved, and Pakistan eventually participated in the 2023 Cricket World Cup in India.

Match between India and Pakistan at the group stage of the 2023 Cricket World Cup.

In January 2023, ACC confirmed the teams and groups of the Asia Cup, with both India and Pakistan taking part.[33] In March 2023, it was proposed that Pakistan remain as hosts and that all India matches - including at least two India-Pakistan contests - would be played at a neutral venue yet to be confirmed.[34] The hybrid model proposed by Pakistan was rejected by Sri Lanka and Bangladesh.[35] In response, PCB Chairman Najam Sethi proposed two options. The first option was that India play all their matches at a neutral venue with Pakistan hosting the rest of the teams. The second option was that four matches in the group stage take place in Pakistan whereas the second phase, in which matches played by the Indian team followed by the next stage matches including the final, be played at a neutral venue. Sri Lanka and Bangladesh agreed to the second option.[36] On 15 June 2023, the Asian Cricket Council announced that the tournament would be organized in a hybrid model with four matches being held in Pakistan, and the remaining nine in Sri Lanka.[37]

India and Pakistan met twice in this Asia Cup. Though the first match in the Group stage yielded a no result due to rain, India defeated Pakistan by an enormous margin in the Super Four clash between the 2 sides, scoring 356 for the loss of only 2 wickets. India in this match not only set their highest-ever score in ODI cricket against Pakistan, but also defeated them with the highest ever run margin of 228 runs, bundling Pakistan out for 128. India would eventually go on to win this Asia Cup, while Pakistan would be knocked out in the super-fours round.[38]

## Summary of results

[edit]

As of 9 June 2024

The two sides have played a total of 207 times. Pakistan has won 88 matches compared to India's 75 victories. In Test matches and ODIs, Pakistan has won more matches than India, although India has won nine of the thirteen T20 Internationals between the two sides compared to Pakistan's three.[E]

Format  | Matches played  | India won  | Pakistan won  | Draw/Tie/No Result

|
|
|
|

Test  | 59 | 9 | 12 | 38
ODI  | 135 | 57 | 73 | 5
T20I  | 13 | 9 | 3 | 1
Total | 207 | 75 | 88 | 44

* Bold indicates most wins.

### ICC matches

[edit]

See also: India at the Cricket World Cup and Pakistan at the Cricket World Cup

India has the better record in the Cricket World Cup, having faced Pakistan 8 times in the Cricket World Cup since 1992. Pakistan have not managed to win a single game against India in the 31 years they have played against each other in the World Cup. In the 2011 Cricket World Cup, India knocked out Pakistan in the semi-finals to qualify for the finals (which they subsequently won). The last time the two cricket frenzy nations clashed during the 2023 Cricket World Cup match played at the Narendra Modi stadium in Ahmedabad, India outclassed Pakistan by 7 wickets taking the scoreline to 8–0 in India's favour at ODI World Cups.[40]

In T20 World Cups also, India has a superior record. India won the 2007 T20 World Cup by defeating Pakistan in the final. Pakistan registered its first ever win against India in a T20 World Cup match during the 2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup.[41]

In the Champions Trophy, however, Pakistan has won three of the five meetings between the two sides, including the 2017 ICC Champions Trophy Final, in which they defeated India after losing to them in the group stage.[42] This was the second time the two teams had met in an ICC final after the T20 final in 2007. Pakistan are currently the tournament's defending champions.

The two sides currently do not play test matches with each other and have not met in the World Test Championship yet.

Tournament | Matches played | India won | Pakistan won | Draw/Tie/No result

|
|
|
|

World Cup | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0
T20 World Cup | 8 | 6 | 1 | 1
Champions Trophy | 5 | 2 | 3 | 0
World Test Championship | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0
Total | 21 | 16 | 4 | 1

### ACC matches

[edit]

The teams have met on 19 occasions in the Asia Cup, including Twenty20 format matches. India has won ten of these meetings compared to Pakistan's seven victories with two match finishing as no result due to rain.[43][F]

Tournament | Matches played | India won | Pakistan won | Draw/Tie/No result

|
|
|
|

Asia Cup ODI | 15 | 8 | 5 | 2[F]
Asia Cup Twenty20 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0
Asian Test Championship | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0
Total | 19 | 10 | 7 | 2

## ICC tournaments won

[edit]

See also: India at the Cricket World Cup and Pakistan at the Cricket World Cup

The two countries have played in World Cups, the Champions Trophy, and the World Test Championship, all of which are organised by the governing body of world cricket, the International Cricket Council. India has won 6 ICC tournaments compared to Pakistan's 3. At senior-level, India has won 6 ICC trophies (2 Cricket World Cups, 2 T20 World Cups, 2 Champions Trophies), while Pakistan has won 3 (1 Cricket World Cup, 1 T20 World Cup, and 1 Champions Trophy)[45][46]

Match between India and Pakistan at 2023 Cricket World Cup

India has won the ICC Cricket World Cup twice and Pakistan has done so once. India has won the ICC Men's T20 World Cup twice, with the first edition of the tournament in 2007 featuring a final between the two sides which India won. In the ICC Champions Trophy, another ODI tournament, India won the trophy twice, while Pakistan won the 2017 edition, defeating India in the final. Neither team has won the World Test Championship, although India finished as runners-up in both the editions, having played in the finals.[47]

Tournament  | India  | Pakistan

|
|

ICC Cricket World Cup | 2 | 1
ICC T20 World Cup | 2 | 1
ICC Champions Trophy | 2 | 1
ICC World Test Championship | 0 | 0
Total | 6 | 3

## ACC tournaments Won

[edit]

Both teams have participated in 15 of the 16 Asia Cups hosted. India withdrew from the second edition of the Asian Test Championship, having only played the first while Pakistan took part in both editions. The record sways 8–3 in India's favour at ACC Tournaments.

Tournament  | India  | Pakistan

|
|

ACC Asia Cup (ODI) | 7 | 2
ACC Asia Cup (T20I) | 1 | 0
Asian Test Championship | 0 | 1
Total | 8 | 3

## List of Test series

[edit]

### Overall Test match results

[edit]

Decade  | Matches  | Result

|
|

India  | Pakistan  | Drawn
1950s  | 10  | 2 | 1  | 7
1960s  | 5  | 0  | 0  | 5
1970s  | 9  | 2  | 2  | 5
1980s  | 20  | 0  | 4 | 16
1990s  | 2  | 1  | 1  | 0
2000s  | 12  | 4 | 3  | 5
2010s  | –  | –  | –  | –
2020s  | –  | –  | –  | –
Total  | 58[G] | 9  | 11[G] | 38

Fifteen Test series have been played between the two sides, as well as a one-off Test played in February 1999 as part of the Asian Test Championship. India has hosted eight of the series, with 32 matches played at home as well as the one-off match in 1999. Pakistan has hosted seven series with 26 matches played at home. Each side has four series wins, although Pakistan has won more Test matches than India in matches between the two nations.

Season  | Host  | Date first Test started  | Tests  | India won  | Pakistan won  | Drawn  | Winner

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

1952–53 | India  | 16 October 1952 | 5  | 2 | 1  | 2  | India
1954–55 | Pakistan  | 1 January 1955 | 5  | 0  | 0  | 5  | Drawn
1960–61 | India  | 2 December 1960 | 5  | 0  | 0  | 5  | Drawn
1978–79 | Pakistan  | 16 October 1978 | 3  | 0  | 2 | 1  | Pakistan
1979–80 | India  | 21 November 1979 | 6  | 2 | 0  | 4  | India
1982–83 | Pakistan  | 10 December 1982 | 6  | 0  | 3 | 3  | Pakistan
1983–84 | India  | 14 September 1983 | 3  | 0  | 0  | 3  | Drawn
1984–85 | Pakistan  | 17 October 1984 | 2  | 0  | 0  | 2  | Drawn
1986–87 | India  | 3 February 1987 | 5  | 0  | 1 | 4  | Pakistan
1989–90 | Pakistan  | 15 November 1989 | 4  | 0  | 0  | 4  | Drawn
1998–99 | India  | 28 January 1999 | 2[H] | 1  | 1  | 0  | Drawn
2003–04 | Pakistan  | 28 March 2004 | 3  | 2 | 1  | 0  | India
2004–05 | India  | 8 March 2005 | 3  | 1  | 1  | 1  | Drawn
2005–06 | Pakistan  | 13 January 2006 | 3  | 0  | 1 | 2  | Pakistan
2007–08 | India  | 22 November 2007 | 3  | 1 | 0  | 2  | India
Total  | 15  |  | 58[G] | 9  | 11[G] | 38  |

## List of ODI series

[edit]

### Overall ODI match results

[edit]

As of 14 October 2023 [48]
Decade  | Matches  | Result

|
|

India  | Pakistan  | No result
1970s  | 3  | 1  | 2 | 0
1980s  | 32  | 9  | 19 | 4
1990s  | 46  | 17  | 26 | 3
2000s  | 41  | 18  | 22 | 1
2010s  | 15  | 10 | 4  | 0
2020s  | 3  | 2 | 0  | 1
Total  | 139  | 57  | 73  | 9

The two sides have played a total of 17 ODI series.[I] Six of these have been played in India, while Pakistan has hosted seven series. Four series have been played in neutral venues, including three in Canada between 1996 and 1998 and one in the United Arab Emirates in 2006. Pakistan has won 11 of the series with India winning five. The two-match series held in the UAE was tied, each team winning one match.

Season  | Host  | Date of first match  | Matches  | India won  | Pakistan won  | Tie/No Result  | Winner

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

1978–79 | Pakistan  | 1 October 1978 | 3  | 1  | 2 | 0  | Pakistan
1982–83 | Pakistan  | 3 December 1982 | 4  | 1  | 3 | 0  | Pakistan
1983–84 | India  | 10 September 1983 | 2  |  2 | 0  | 0  | India
1984–85 | Pakistan  | 12 October 1984 | 2  | 0  |  1 | 1  | Pakistan
1986–87 | India  | 27 January 1987 | 6  | 1  | 5 | 0  | Pakistan
1989–90 | Pakistan  | 16 December 1989 | 3  | 0  | 2 | 1  | Pakistan
1996 | Canada  | 16 September 1996 | 5  | 2  | 3 | 0  | Pakistan
1997 | Canada  | 13 September 1997 | 5  | 4 | 1  | 0  | India
1997–98 | Pakistan  | 28 September 1997 | 3  | 1  |  2 | 0  | Pakistan
1998 | Canada  | 12 September 1998 | 5  | 1  | 4 | 0  | Pakistan
2003–04 | Pakistan  | 13 March 2004 | 5  |  3 | 2  | 0  | India
2004–05 | India  | 13 November 2004 | 1  | 0  | 1 | 0  | Pakistan
2004–05 | India  | 2 April 2005 | 6  | 2  |  4 | 0  | Pakistan
2005–06 | Pakistan  | 6 February 2006 | 5  | 4 | 1  | 0  | India
2005–06 | UAE | 18 April 2006 | 2  | 1  | 1  | 0  | Drawn
2007–08 | India  | 5 November 2007 | 5  |  3 | 2  | 0  | India
2012–13 | India  | 30 December 2012 | 3  | 1  |  2 | 0  | Pakistan
Total |  |  | 65  | 27  | 36  | 2  |

## List of T20I series

[edit]

### Overall T20I match results

[edit]

As of 9 June 2024 [49]
Decade  | Matches  | Result

|
|

India  | Pakistan  | Tie/No result
2000s  | 2  | 1 | 0  | 1
2010s  | 6  | 5 | 1  | 0
2020s  | 5  | 3 | 2  | 0
Total  | 13  | 9  | 3  | 1

The teams have only played one Twenty20 International series, a two match series played in 2012 as part of Pakistan's tour of India. Each team won one match, leaving the series drawn.

Year(s)  | Host  | Date of first match  | Matches  | India won  | Pakistan won  | Tie/No Result  | Winner

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

2012–13 | India  | 25 December 2012 | 2  | 1  | 1  | 0  | Drawn
Total |  |  | 2  | 1  | 1  | 0  |

## Records

[edit]

### Test records

[edit]

#### Team records

[edit]

Most runs in an innings  | Runs | Team | Venue | Season

|
|
|

699/5  |  Pakistan | Lahore | 1989–90
679/7d | 2005–06
675/5d  |  India | Multan | 2003–04
674/6  |  Pakistan | Faisalabad | 1984–85
652  | 1982–83

Source:[50]

Fewest runs in a completed innings  | Runs | Team | Venue | Season

|
|
|

106  |  India | Lucknow | 1952–53
116  |  Pakistan | Bangalore | 1986–87
126  |  India | New Delhi | 1979–80
145  | Bangalore | 1986–87
Karachi | 1954–55

Source:[51]

Greatest win margins (by innings)  | Margin | Winning team | Venue | Season

|
|
|

Innings and 370 runs  |  India | New Delhi | 1952–53
Innings and 131 runs  | Rawalpindi | 2003–04
Innings and 119 runs  |  Pakistan | Hyderabad | 1982–83
Innings and 86 runs  | Karachi | 1982–83
Innings and 52 runs  |  India | Multan | 2003–04

Source:[52]

Greatest win margins (by runs)  | Margin | Winning team | Venue | Season

|
|
|

341 runs  |  Pakistan | Karachi | 2005–06
212 runs  |  India | New Delhi | 1998–99
195 runs  | Kolkata | 2004–05
168 runs  |  Pakistan | Bangalore | 2004–05
131 runs  |  India | Mumbai | 1979–80

Source:[52]

Smallest victories  Margin | Winning team | Venue | Season

|
|
|

12 runs  |  Pakistan | Chennai | 1998–99
16 runs  | Bangalore | 1986–87
46 runs  | Kolkata | 1998–99

Source:[53]

#### Individual

[edit]

Most runs  | Runs | Player | Span

|
|

2,228 (39 innings)  |  Javed Miandad | 1978–1989
2,089 (41 innings)  |  Sunil Gavaskar | 1978–1987
1,740 (25 innings)  |  Zaheer Abbas | 1978–1984
1,431 (25 innings)  |  Mudassar Nazar | 1978–1984
1,321 (17 innings)  |  Younis Khan | 2005–2007

Source:[54]

Highest individual score  | Runs | Player | Venue | Date

|
|
|

309  |  Virender Sehwag | Multan | 28 March 2004
280* |  Javed Miandad | Hyderabad | 14 January 1983
270  |  Rahul Dravid | Rawalpindi | 13 April 2004
267  |  Younis Khan | Bangalore | 24 March 2005
254  |  Virender Sehwag | Lahore | 13 January 2006

Source:[55]

Most career wickets  | Wickets | Player | Matches | Bowling average

|
|
|

99  |  Kapil Dev | 29 | 30.12
94  |  Imran Khan | 23 | 24.04
81  |  Anil Kumble | 15 | 31.97
45  |  Wasim Akram | 12 | 28.86
44  |  Fazal Mahmood | 14 | 24.54

Source:[56]

Best bowling figures in an innings  | Bowling | Player | Venue | Date

|
|
|

10/74  |  Anil Kumble | New Delhi | 4 February 1999
8/52  |  Vinoo Mankad | New Delhi | 16 October 1952
8/60  |  Imran Khan | Karachi | 23 December 1982
8/69  |  Sikander Bakht | New Delhi | 4 December 1979
8/85  |  Kapil Dev | Lahore | 23 January 1983

Source:[57]

### ODI records

[edit]

#### Team

[edit]

Highest innings total  | Score | Team | Venue | Season

|
|
|

356/2 (50 overs)  |  India | Colombo | 2023
356/9 (50 overs)  | Visakhapatnam | 2004–05
349/7 (50 overs)  | Karachi | 2003–04
344/8 (50 overs)  |  Pakistan | Karachi | 2003–04
338/4 (50 overs)  | The Oval, London | 2017

Source:[58]

Lowest innings total  | Score | Team | Venue | Season

|
|
|

79 (34.2 overs)  |  India | Sialkot | 1978–79
87 (32.5 overs)  |  Pakistan | Sharjah, UAE | 1984–85
112 (30.2 overs)  |  India | Lahore | 1989–90
116 (45 overs)  |  Pakistan | Toronto, Canada | 1997
125 (45 overs)  |  India | Sharjah, UAE | 1998–99

Source:[59]

Largest victory  | Margin | Winning team | Venue | Season

|
|
|

228 runs  |  India | Colombo | 2023
180 runs  |  Pakistan | The Oval, London | 2017
159 runs  | New Delhi | 2004–05
143 runs  | Jaipur | 1998–99
140 runs  |  India | Dhaka, Bangladesh | 2008

Source:[60]

Smallest victory  | Margin | Winning team | Venue | Season

|
|
|

4 runs  |  India | Quetta | 1978–79
4 runs  |  Pakistan | Sharjah, UAE | 1991–92
5 runs  |  India | Karachi | 2003–04
7 runs  |  Pakistan | Gujranwala | 1989–90
7 runs  | Peshawar | 2005–06

Source: ESPNcricinfo.

#### Individual

[edit]

Most career runs  | Runs | Player | Years

|
|

2,526 (67 innings)  |  Sachin Tendulkar | 1989–2012
2,403 (64 innings)  |  Inzamam-ul-Haq | 1992–2006
2,002 (48 innings)  |  Saeed Anwar | 1989–2003
1,899 (55 innings)  |  Rahul Dravid | 1996–2009
1,661 (59 innings)  |  Shoaib Malik | 2000–present

Source:[61]

Highest individual score  | Runs | Player | Venue | Date

|
|
|

194  |  Saeed Anwar | Chennai | 21 May 1997
183  |  Virat Kohli | Dhaka, Bangladesh | 18 March 2012
148  |  MS Dhoni | Visakhapatnam | 5 April 2005
143  |  Shoaib Malik | Colombo, Sri Lanka | 25 July 2004
141  |  Sachin Tendulkar | Rawalpindi | 16 March 2004

Source:[62]

Most wickets in a career  | Wickets | Player | Matches | Bowling average

|
|
|

60  |  Wasim Akram | 48 | 25.15
57  |  Saqlain Mushtaq | 35 | 24.38
54  |  Anil Kumble | 34 | 24.25
Aaqib Javed | 39 | 24.64
Javagal Srinath | 36 | 30.68

Source:[63]

Best bowling figures  | Bowling | Player | Venue | Date

|
|
|

7/37  |  Aaqib Javed | Sharjah, UAE | 25 October 1991
6/14  |  Imran Khan | Sharjah, UAE | 22 March 1985
6/27  |  Naved-ul-Hasan | Jamshedpur | 9 April 2005
5/16  |  Sourav Ganguly | Toronto, Canada | 18 September 1997
5/19  |  Aaqib Javed | Sharjah, UAE | 7 April 1995

Source:[64]

### Twenty20 International records

[edit]

As of October 2022

The two sides have played each other twelve times in Twenty20 Internationals (T20I). Seven of these matches have taken place during T20 World Cups, including their meeting during the final of the 2007 competition, and three at the Asia Cup. A single two-match T20I series was played in India in 2012.

The highest team score made in a T20I between the two nations was India's 192/5 made at Ahmedabad in December 2012. Pakistan's highest score against India in T20I is 182/5 made during 2022 Asia Cup match. The lowest score in a T20I between the two counties was Pakistan's 83 all out made at Dhaka during the 2016 Asia Cup.[65]

The highest individual score made in a T20I between the two sides was Virat Kohli's 82 not out made in October 2022 during the 2022 ICC World Twenty20. India's Virat Kohli holds the record for the most runs scored overall in matches between the two sides with 488 runs scored in ten innings.[66]

The best bowling performance in matches between the sides was the 4/18 taken by Mohammad Asif during the group stage meeting between the teams at the 2007 ICC World Twenty20 in South Africa. India's best bowling performance was the 3/8 taken by Hardik Pandya during the 2016 WorldT20.[67] Pakistan's Umar Gul has taken the most wickets in matches between the sides with 11.[68]

#### Team

[edit]

Highest innings total  | Score | Team | Venue | Season

|
|
|

192/5 (20 overs)  |  India | Ahmedabad | 2012
182/5 (19.5 overs)  |  Pakistan | Dubai | 2022
181/7 (20 overs)  | Ahmedabad | 2012
181/7 (20 overs)  |  India | Dubai | 2022
160/6 (20 overs)  | Melbourne | 2022

Source:[69]

Lowest innings total  | Score | Team | Venue | Season

|
|
|

83 (17.3 overs)  |  Pakistan | Mirpur | 2016
113/7 (20 overs)  | New York | 2024
119 (20 overs)  |  India
128 (19.4 overs)  |  Pakistan | Colombo | 2012
130/7 (20 overs)  | Mirpur | 2014

Source:[70]

#### Individual

[edit]

Most career runs  | Runs | Player | Years

|
|

492 (11 innings)  |  Virat Kohli | 2012–2024
228 (5 innings)  |  Mohammad Rizwan | 2021–2024
164 (8 innings)  |  Shoaib Malik | 2007–2021
156 (7 innings)  |  Mohammad Hafeez | 2007–2021
155 (8 innings)  |  Yuvraj Singh | 2007–2016

Source:[61]

Highest individual score  | Runs | Player | Venue | Date

|
|
|

82*  |  Virat Kohli | Melbourne | 23 Oct 2022
79*  |  Mohammad Rizwan | Dubai | 24 Oct 2021
78*  |  Virat Kohli | Colombo | 30 Sept 2012
75  |  Gautam Gambhir | Johannesburg | 24 Sept 2007
72  |  Yuvraj Singh | Ahmedabad | 28 Dec 2012

Source:[71]

Most wickets in a career  Wickets | Player | Innings | Economy

|
|
|

13  |  Hardik Pandya | 6 | 7.25
11  |  Umar Gul | 6 | 8.27
Bhuvneshwar Kumar | 7 | 7.26
7  |  Naseem Shah | 4 | 7.25
Arshdeep Singh | 4 | 7.85
Haris Rauf | 5 | 8.15

Source:[72]

## Players who have played for both teams

[edit]

Prior to the Partition of India in 1947 India had played cricket, having first played as an international side in 1932. Following Partition, Pakistan was created and began playing as an independent nation, making their Test match debut in 1952 during a tour of India.

Three players played for Pakistan after appearing for India. They are:[73][74]

* Amir Elahi – One Test for India against Australia at Sydney in 1947; five Tests for Pakistan against India in 1952
* Gul Mohammad – Eight Tests for India between 1946 and 1955; one Test for Pakistan in 1956
* Abdul Hafeez Kardar – Three Tests for India in 1946; 23 Tests for Pakistan between 1948 and 1958

After Partition, Gul Mohammad continued to play for India until 1955 and played against Pakistan in their first tour of India in 1951–52. Both Amir Elahi and Abdul Hafeez Kardar played for Pakistan on the tour. Abdul Hafeez Kardar went on to play for Pakistan against India during India's first tour of Pakistan in 1954–55.

## Public and government reaction to the rivalry

[edit]

Cricket is a significant sport within both countries and matches involving them can provoke what has been described as "a strong response".[75]

In the Indian cricket team in Pakistan in the 1989–90 series, the 3rd ODI at Karachi was abandoned due to crowd disturbance.[76] When Pakistan lost 3 wickets at the score of 28, stone pelting started against Indian fielders. Indian fielders gathered near the pitch. Local cricketer Javed Miandad was unable to calm the crowd and the match was abandoned.[77] Chandu Borde said that in the same match, Mohammad Azharuddin was hit with a metal hook.[78] Sanjay Manjrekar wrote in his book, in the first ODI, that Indian captain Krishnamachari Srikkanth's shirt was torn by a Pakistani spectator.[79]

There have been examples where fans of the opposing side have experienced legal action: in 2014, 60 students in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh were charged with sedition for cheering Pakistan's victory over India, although the charges were later dropped;[75] in 2016, a 22-year-old Pakistani fan of Indian captain Virat Kohli, was arrested[75] and later sentenced to 10-years imprisonment for hoisting India's flag in Pakistan after a match between India and Australia.[80] After the T20 World Cup 2021 match between the two teams, Indian authorities arrested a small number of Indian Muslims who had publicly celebrated Pakistan's victory.[75][81][82][83]

In the city of Leicester in the United Kingdom, tensions between the Indian Hindu and Pakistan Muslim community broke out into violence and a series of protests following the 2022 Asia Cup match between Pakistan and India on 28 August.[84][85]

## Cricket diplomacy between India and Pakistan

[edit]

The Prime Minister of India, Manmohan Singh and the Prime Minister of Pakistan, Yousuf Raza Gilani interacting with the Indian Cricket Team ahead of the India vs Pakistan semi-final of the 2011 Cricket World Cup.

The Prime Minister of India, Manmohan Singh and the Prime Minister of Pakistan, Yousuf Raza Gilani interacting with the Pakistani Cricket Team ahead of the India vs Pakistan semi-final of the 2011 Cricket World Cup.

Main articles: Cricket diplomacy and India and Pakistan

Following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, and Soviet pressure on India to deflect the tension they faced, in February 1987 Pakistan's president at the time, General Zia ul-Haq, attended a test match between India and Pakistan in Jaipur – a visit that apparently helped cool a flare-up in tensions since it led to a meeting with the Prime Minister of India Rajiv Gandhi.[86][87] Furthermore, in 2004 after a break of fifteen years, India toured Pakistan in the wake of diplomatic initiatives to bury half a century of mutual hostility. Both sides relaxed their tough visa regulations for each other, allowing thousands of fans to travel across the border.[88]

In an attempt to replicate the cricket diplomacy of the past General Pervez Musharraf came to India in 2005 ostensibly for a cricket match. The trip, however, quickly took on the air of a summit as the sides were urged "to seize a historic chance to end their dispute over Kashmir."[89][90] Often this rivalry has been tinged with a religious-political bent to it. In 1991, the workers of the Indian political party Shiv Sena dug up the cricket pitch at the Wankhede Stadium in Mumbai on the eve of an India-Pakistan Test match which was to be held there, forcing the entire series between the two nations to be cancelled.[91][92] The Shiv Sena once again used this unique means of protest at the Feroz Shah Kotla in New Delhi in 2000 to protest against the Pakistan cricket team's proposed visit.[93] Following the Kargil conflict, and at various other times, there have also been calls to suspend cricketing ties between the two countries.

During the 2011 Cricket World Cup, the semi-final is believed to have eased the relationship between India and Pakistan after the polarising 2008 Mumbai attacks. Prime Minister of India Manmohan Singh used this opportunity and greeted his Pakistani counterpart Yousuf Raza Gilani to watch the match with him at Mohali. Gilani subsequently accepted the offer and agreed to watch the match with Singh.[94][95]

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ The Imperial Cricket Conference was renamed the International Cricket Conference in 1965 and later became the International Cricket Council. It organises international cricket across the globe.
2. ^ Full Member status grants the member the right to play in Test matches.
3. ^ The Indian cricket team had been awarded Full Member status in 1926 and prior to Partition had represented the whole of British India.
4. ^ The 2011 Cricket World Cup was hosted by India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.
5. ^ The 2007 T20 World Cup match between the teams ended in a tie. India were awarded the points after a bowl-out. The official match result is recorded as a tie.[39]
6. ^ a b The 1987 Asia Cup match was abandoned after nine overs due to bad light and rain. It was due to be replayed the following day but this match was abandoned without a ball being bowled due to rain.[43][44]
7. ^ a b c d One additional match was played in February 1999 as part of the Asian Test Championship. Pakistan won this match
8. ^ One other match was played as part of the Asian Test Championship immediately after the second Test of the tour. Pakistan won this match. The Championship has only been played twice. On the second occasion India withdrew due to political tensions with Pakistan.
9. ^ In cricket a series is a set number of matches played between two sides over a relatively short period of time. The two sides have also met in a number of other competitions featuring other teams, including ICC competitions and a number of one-off series of matches.

## See also

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to India–Pakistan cricket matches.

* India at the Cricket World Cup
* Pakistan at the Cricket World Cup
* India–Pakistan sports rivalries
* India–Pakistan relations
* India–Pakistan field hockey rivalry
* List of sports rivalries
* Bangladesh–Sri Lanka cricket rivalry
* Bangladesh - India cricket rivalry

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[edit]

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## External links

[edit]

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* India vs Pakistan – All World Cup and T20 World Cup match results

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* Cricket Club of India

Tournaments|

| Senior|

| First-class|

* Ranji Trophy
* Duleep Trophy
* Irani Cup
* Senior Women's Cricket Inter Zonal Three Day Game
* Inter State Women's Competition (defunct)

|

One Day|

* Deodhar Trophy
* Vijay Hazare Trophy
* Women's Senior One Day Trophy
* Senior Women's Challenger Trophy
* BCCI Corporate Trophy (defunct)
* Wills Trophy (defunct)
* NKP Salve Challenger Trophy (defunct)
* Inter-Zone Women's One Day Competition (defunct)

Twenty20|

| State|

* Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy
* Women's Senior T20 Trophy
* Women's Senior T20 Challenger Trophy

|

Franchise|

* Indian Premier League
* Women's Premier League
* Indian Cricket League (defunct)
* Women's T20 Challenge (defunct)

Regional|

* Andhra Premier League
* Bengal Pro T20 League
* Delhi Premier League T20
* Madhya Pradesh League
* Maharaja Trophy KSCA T20
* Pondicherry Premier League
* Rajasthan Premier League
* Saurashtra Premier League
* Sher-E-Punjab T20 Cup
* Tamil Nadu Premier League
* Uttarakhand Premier League

Youth|

| First-class|

* C. K. Nayudu Trophy
* Cooch Behar Trophy

|

List A|

* Vinoo Mankad Trophy
* Vizzy Trophy
* Rohinton Baria Trophy

T10|

* Indian Street Premier League

Sports complexes|

* National Cricket Academy

List|

* Coaches
* Captains
* Selectors
* Test wicket-keepers
* International grounds
* Test records
* ODI records
* T20I records

History of the Indian cricket team, India–Pakistan cricket rivalry, MRF Pace Foundation

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Cricket in Pakistan

Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB)

National teams|

* Men
* Pakistan A
* Under-19
* Women
* Under-19
* Blind

Domestic teams|

| Regional teams|

* Abbottabad
* Azad Jammu & Kashmir
* Bahawalpur
* Dera Murad Jamali
* Faisalabad
* Federally Administered Tribal Areas
* Hyderabad
* Islamabad
* Karachi Blues
* Karachi Whites
* Lahore Blues
* Lahore Whites
* Larkana
* Multan
* Peshawar
* Quetta
* Rawalpindi
* Sialkot

|

Departmental teams|

* Ghani Glass
* Higher Education Commission
* Khan Research Laboratories
* Pakistan Television
* State Bank of Pakistan
* Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited
* Sui Southern Gas Company
* Water and Power Development Authority

Franchise teams|

* Islamabad United
* Karachi Kings
* Lahore Qalandars
* Multan Sultans
* Peshawar Zalmi
* Quetta Gladiators

Women|

* PCB Blasters
* PCB Challengers
* PCB Dynamites
* PCB Strikers

Domestic competitions|

| Domestic|

* Quaid-e-Azam Trophy (FC)
* President's Trophy (FC)
* Pakistan Cup (LA)
* National T20 Cup (T20)

|

Franchise|

* Pakistan Super League (T20)

Women|

* Pakistan Women's One Day Cup (List A)
* PCB Women's Twenty20 Tournament (T20)

Grounds|

* Cricket Grounds in Pakistan

Player lists|

* Test cricketers
* Test wicket-keepers
* ODI cricketers
* T20 players
* National captains

History|

* 1947-70
* 1971-85
* 1986-2000
* 2000-present

Other|

* India–Pakistan cricket rivalry
* Tape ball
* Lists related to cricket in Pakistan

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