Inkatha Freedom Party

Right-wing political party in South Africa

Inkatha Freedom Party

IQembu leNkatha yeNkululeko (Zulu)

Abbreviation| IFP
President| Velenkosini Hlabisa[1]
Chairperson| MB Gwala[1]
Secretary-General| Siphosethu Ngcobo[1]
Spokesperson| Mkhuleko Hlengwa[1]
Deputy President| Inkosi Buthelezi[1]
Deputy Secretary-General| Albert Mncwango[1]
Treasurer-General| Narend Singh[1]
Deputy Chairperson| Thembeni Madlopha-Mthethwa[1]
Parliamentary leader| Velenkosini Hlabisa
Founder| Mangosuthu Buthelezi
Founded| 21 March 1975; 49 years ago (1975-03-21)
Headquarters| 2 Durban Club Place
Durban
KwaZulu-Natal
Student wing| South African Democratic Students Movement
Ideology|

* Conservatism
* Anti-communism
* Ubuntu
* Decentralization
* Constitutional monarchism[2]
* Faction:
* KwaZulu-Natal regionalism
* Zulu nationalism

Political position| Right-wing
National affiliation| Multi-Party Charter (MPC)
Continental affiliation| Democrat Union of Africa
International affiliation| International Democracy Union
Colours|  Red
National Assembly seats|

17 / 400

NCOP seats|

2 / 90

Provincial Legislatures|

16 / 487

Party flag
Website
www.ifp.org.za

* Politics of South Africa
* Political parties
* Elections

The Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP; Zulu: IQembu leNkatha yeNkululeko) is a conservative political party in South Africa, which is a part of the current South African government of national unity together with the African National Congress (ANC). Although registered as a national party, it has had only minor electoral success outside its home province of KwaZulu-Natal. Mangosuthu Buthelezi, who served as chief minister of KwaZulu during the Apartheid period, founded the party in 1975 and led it until 2019. He was succeeded as party president in 2019 by Velenkosini Hlabisa.

During the first decade of the post-Apartheid period, the IFP received over 90% of its support from ethnic Zulus. Since then, the party has worked to increase its national support by promoting social and economic conservative policies.[3] In the 2019 general election, the IFP came in fourth place nationally, winning 3.38% of the vote and 14 seats in the National Assembly.[4]

In the 2024 general election, IFP won 17 seats with 3.85% of the vote.[5] In June 2024, Inkatha Freedom Party agreed to join the ANC-led government of national unity (GNU).[6] Leader of the IFP, Velenkosini Hlabisa, became Minister of the Department of Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs (COGTA) in the coalition.[7]

## Policies and ideology

[edit]

Policy proposals of the IFP include:

* Devolution of power to provincial governments[8]
* Making the head of state and head of government posts separate, with a ceremonial figurehead as head of state.[8]
* Mixed-member proportional representation for the National Assembly.[8]
* Liberalisation of trade
* Lower income taxes.[9]
* Looser labour laws
* Autonomy for traditional African communities and their leaders
* Allowing traditional authorities to exercise local government functions
* Opposing the notion that tribalism is inherently regressive and antithetic to development and progress.

In 2018, the party issued an official statement, penned by MP, Narend Singh, stating that the time had come to discuss the possibility of reinstating the death penalty in South Africa.[10]

Ideologically, the party has been positioned on the right-wing of the spectrum, although on its platform the IFP places itself in the political centre ground, stating it rejects "both centralised socialism, as well as harsh anything goes liberalism." The party states that it bases its values on Ubuntu/Botho tribal values and supports a pluralist, shared future for South Africa in which all groups have equal rights. The party supports strong law & order policies, in particular calling for harsher penalties for people who commit violence against women and children. The IFP supports the Zulu monarchy and investing more powers and recognition of the constitutional monarch of the KwaZulu-Natal region.[11] In 2023, the party criticised the African National Congress' close relations to Hamas and Iran following the 2023 Hamas attack on Israel and denounced antisemitism in South Africa.[12]

## History

[edit]

Mangosuthu Buthelezi, inaugural president and the party's long-time parliamentary leader

### Apartheid era

[edit]

Mangosuthu Buthelezi, a former member of the ANC Youth League, founded the Inkatha National Cultural Liberation Movement (INCLM) on 21 March 1975.[13] In 1994, the name was changed to Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP).[14] Buthelezi used a structure rooted in Inkatha, meaning "crown" in Zulu, a 1920s cultural organisation for Zulus established by his uncle, Zulu king Solomon kaDinuzulu.[15] The party was established in what is now KwaZulu-Natal, after which branches of the party quickly sprang up in the Transvaal, the Orange Free State and the Western Cape.

Because of Buthelezi's former position in the African National Congress, the two organisations were initially very close and each supported the other in the anti-apartheid struggle. However, by the early 1980s the Inkatha had come to be regarded as a thorn in the side of the ANC, which wielded much more political force through the United Democratic Front (UDF), than Inkatha and the Pan Africanist Congress.[16] Although the Inkatha leadership initially favoured non-violence, there is clear evidence that during the time that negotiations were taking place in the early 1990s, Inkatha and ANC members were at war with each other, and Self-Protection Units (SPUs) and Self-Defence Units (SDUs) were formed, respectively, as their protection forces.[17]

As a Homeland leader, the power of Buthelezi depended on the South African state and economy. With anti-apartheid leaders inside South Africa and abroad demanding sanctions, Buthelezi came to be regarded more and more as a government puppet, along with other Bantustan leaders. His tribal loyalties and focus on ethnic interests over national unity were also criticised as contributing to the divisive programme of Inkatha. This led to a virtual civil war between Zulu loyalist supporters and ANC members in KwaZulu-Natal.[18] Although Inkatha was allied with the African National Congress in the struggle against apartheid, they took opposing views on sanctions placed by the international community on South Africa. In 1984, Buthelezi travelled to the USA and met personally with President Ronald Reagan and argued divestment was economically harming black South African workers.[19]

Fearing erosion of his power, Buthelezi collaborated with the South African Defence Force, and received military training for Zulu militia from SADF special forces starting in the 1980s as part of Operation Marion. Inkatha members were involved in several massacres in the run-up to South Africa's first democratic elections, including the Trust Feed massacre on 3 December 1988, and the Boipatong massacre on 17 June 1992.[20] In November 1993, the IFP signed a solidarity pact with the Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging, with the AWB providing the IFP with military training and agreeing that "Boer and Zulu would fight together for freedom and land should they be confronted by a common enemy".[21]

During the phase of establishing a constitution for South Africa and prior to the first free elections in South African history, bloodshed frequently occurred between Inkatha and the ANC. Both Inkatha and the ANC attempted to campaign in each other's KwaZulu-Natal strongholds, and were met with resistance, sometimes violent, by members of the opposing party. Inkatha was also initially opposed to parts of the proposed South African constitution regarding the internal politics of KwaZulu, and, in particular, they campaigned for an autonomous and sovereign Zulu king (King Goodwill Zwelethini kaBhekuzulu), as head of state.[22]

As a result, Inkatha initially refused to register its intention to participate in the 1994 election, a necessity in order to receive votes. However, once it became obvious that its efforts were not going to stop the election, the party was registered as the Inkatha Freedom Party at the eleventh hour. However, due to their opposition to the constitution, concessions were made. KwaZulu-Natal, and thus all the other provinces, were granted double ballots for provincial and national legislatures, greater provincial powers, the inclusion of 'KwaZulu' in the official name of the province (formerly 'Natal') and recognition of specific ethnic and tribal groups within the province.[22]

On election day, the IFP displayed its political strength by taking the majority of the votes for KwaZulu-Natal.[17]

### Post-apartheid politics

[edit]

After the dismantling of apartheid system in 1994, the IFP formed an uneasy coalition in the national government with their traditional political rival, the ANC. Despite these challenges, the coalition was to last until 2004, when the IFP joined the opposition benches.[23]

The ANC/IFP rivalry, characterised by sporadic acts of political violence, has been firm since 1993. In 2004, while campaigning in Vulindlela, an IFP bastion in the Pietermaritzburg Midlands region, Thabo Mbeki was reportedly debarred by an IFP-affiliated traditional leader in Mafunze. Previously the stronghold of Moses Mabhida, this area has long been the site of heated clashes between the parties.[24][full citation needed]

The IFP's manifesto seeks the resolution to a number of South African issues, especially the AIDS crisis, in addition to addressing "unemployment, crime, poverty and corruption and prevent the consolidation of a one-party state;"[25] said "party" is implied to be the ANC.

### Gavin Woods report

[edit]

Gavin Woods, one of the party's most respected MPs, drew up a highly critical 11-page internal discussion document[26] at the request of the parliamentary caucus after a discussion in October 2004. In it, he said that the IFP "has no discernible vision, mission or philosophical base, no clear national ambitions or direction, no articulated ideological basis and offers little in the way of current, vibrant original and relevant policies". Woods also warned the party that "it must treat Buthelezi as the leader of a political party and not the political party itself". Woods pinpointed 1987 as the year when the IFP started losing ground as a political force. Before 1987, Woods contends, the party had a strong, unambiguous national identity. He further criticised the IFP's inability to end the ANC's campaign of violence against it, and an "impotent" attitude towards the attacks conducted against it by the ANC.

At the first caucus discussion, Woods read out the 11-page paper in full and caucus members were generally positive about its frank nature. IFP president Mangosuthu Buthelezi was absent from that meeting but raised it at a meeting of the party's national council, which Woods did not attend. At a subsequent caucus meeting where both were present, Buthelezi read from a prepared statement attacking Woods. All the numbered copies were ordered to be "shredded" but some survived.[27]

### Electoral decline

[edit]

In 1994, the IFP won substantially in KwaZulu Natal

After the 1994 elections, the IFP suffered a gradual decline in support. The party ceded control of the KwaZulu-Natal province to the ANC following the 2004 general election and its presence in Northern KwaZulu-Natal, its stronghold, started to become diminished.[28] Party member Ziba Jiyane left the IFP to form the National Democratic Convention (Nadeco). Prominent IFP MP Gavin Woods and IFP ward councillors in KwaZulu-Natal joined his new party.[29][30]

After the party's results in the 2009 general elections, party members began debating a change in leadership for the 2011 local government elections. Buthelezi had previously announced his retirement but rescinded it. Senior IFP politician Zanele kaMagwaza-Msibi wanted Buthelezi to step down and had supporters advocating for her to take over the party's leadership.[31] She later resigned from the party and formed a breakaway party, the National Freedom Party (NFP).[32] The NFP obtained 2.4% of the national vote and 10.4% in KwaZulu-Natal in the 2011 municipal elections, mainly at the expense of the IFP.[33][34]

In the 2014 general elections, the party achieved its lowest support levels since 1994. The party lost its status as the official opposition in the KwaZulu-Natal Legislature to the Democratic Alliance. Nationally, the party lost eight seats in the National Assembly. The NFP factor also contributed to the IFP's decline on the national and provincial level.[35]

Buthelezi later said in 2019 that the reason the party had lost support, was because of ANC president Jacob Zuma being from the Zulu tribe. He insisted that the exodus voters leaving the IFP occurred on ethnic grounds.[36]

### Resurgence and succession

[edit]

In the 2016 municipal elections, the party's support grew for the first time since 1994. The party had reclaimed support in Northern KwaZulu-Natal. The ANC and DA both suggested that the NFP not being able to participate in the election, contributed to the party's surge in support.[37] The party managed to retain control of the Nkandla Local Municipality, the residence of former ANC president Jacob Zuma.[38]

In October 2017, Buthelezi announced that he would step down as leader of the IFP at the party's National General Conference in 2019. The party's Extended National Council pledged its support to Velenkosini Hlabisa, mayor of the Big Five Hlabisa Local Municipality, to succeed Buthelezi as party leader.[39] The party grew its support in the May 2019 general elections and won back the title of official opposition in KwaZulu-Natal.[40] Hlabisa became the leader of the opposition in the legislature, as he was the party's premier candidate. Buthelezi confirmed his intention to stand down as leader.[41] Hlabisa was elected president of the IFP at the party's 35th National General Conference in August 2019.[42]

### Return to power in KwaZulu-Natal Province

[edit]

In 2024, the IFP, which was by now in a coalition agreement with the ANC, as well as the Democratic Alliance (DA) and National Freedom Party (NFP) parties would regain the position of Premier of KwaZulu-Natal for the first time since 2004 after its candidate Thami Ntuli was elected by the province's legislature.[43][44] Ntuli's election as premier was seen as a setback for the influence of Jacob Zuma, who by now had defected from the ANC to lead the KwaZulu-Natal based uMkhonto weSizwe (MK) party.[45][44] Ntuli defeated Zulu Nation deputy prime minister and MK party candidate Phathisizwe Chiliza with 41 votes to 39.[44] He then took office and appointed his cabinet on 18 June 2024.[46]

## Election results

[edit]

### National Assembly elections

[edit]

Election  | Total votes  | Share of vote  | Seats  | +/–  | Government

|
|
|
|
|

1994 | 2,058,294  | 10.54%  |

43 / 400

| –  | Government of National Unity
1999 | 1,371,477  | 8.58%  |

34 / 400

|  9  | First Cabinet of Thabo Mbeki
2004 | 1,088,664  | 6.97%  |

28 / 400

|  6  | in opposition
2009 | 804,260  | 4.55%  |

18 / 400

|  10  | in opposition
2014[47] | 441,854  | 2.40%  |

10 / 400

|  8  | in opposition
2019 | 588,839  | 3.38%  |

14 / 400

|  4  | in opposition
2024 | 618,207  | 3.85%[a] |

17 / 400

|  3  | Third Cabinet of Cyril Ramaphosa

1. ^ From 2024, seats in the National Assembly are determined by a combination of the national ballot, and the nine regional ballots. Only the national ballot figures are shown here.

### National Council of Provinces elections

[edit]

Election  | Total # of
seats won  | +/–  | Government

|
|
|

1994 |

5 / 90

| –  | Government of National Unity
1999 |

4 / 90

|  1  | First Cabinet of Thabo Mbeki
2004 |

5 / 90

|  1  | in opposition
2009 |

2 / 90

|  3  | in opposition
2014 |

1 / 90

|  1  | in opposition
2019 |

2 / 90

|  1  | in opposition
2024 |

2 / 90

|  0  | Third Cabinet of Cyril Ramaphosa

### Provincial elections

[edit]

Election[47][48] | Eastern Cape | Free State | Gauteng | Kwazulu-Natal | Limpopo | Mpumalanga | North-West | Northern Cape | Western Cape

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

% | Seats  | % | Seats  | % | Seats  | % | Seats  | % | Seats  | % | Seats  | % | Seats  | % | Seats  | % | Seats
1994 | 0.17% | 0/56  | 0.51% | 0/30  | 3.66% | 3/86  | 50.32% | 41/81  | 0.12% | 0/40  | 1.52% | 0/30  | 0.38% | 0/30  | 0.42% | 0/30  | 0.35% | 0/42
1999 | 0.33% | 0/63  | 0.47% | 0/30  | 3.51% | 3/73  | 41.90% | 34/80  | 0.34% | 0/49  | 1.41% | 0/30  | 0.52% | 0/33  | 0.53% | 0/30  | 0.18% | 0/42
2004 | 0.20% | 0/63  | 0.35% | 0/30  | 2.51% | 2/73  | 36.82% | 30/80  | — | —  | 0.96% | 0/30  | 0.25% | 0/33  | 0.24% | 0/30  | 0.14% | 0/42
2009 | 0.10% | 0/63  | 0.22% | 0/30  | 1.49% | 1/73  | 22.40% | 18/80  | 0.06% | 0/49  | 0.50% | 0/30  | 0.15% | 0/33  | 0.19% | 0/30  | 0.06% | 0/42
2014 | 0.06% | 0/63  | 0.11% | 0/30  | 0.78% | 1/73  | 10.86% | 9/80  | 0.08% | 0/49  | 0.26% | 0/30  | 0.14% | 0/33  | 0.06% | 0/30  | 0.05% | 0/42
2019 | 0.05% | 0/63  | 0.08% | 0/30  | 0.89% | 1/73  | 16.34% | 13/80  | 0.05% | 0/49  | 0.31% | 0/30  | 0.08% | 0/33  |  |  | 0.03% | 0/42
2024[49] | 0.07% | 0/73  | 0.19% | 0/30  | 0.87% | 1/80  | 18.07% | 15/80  | 0.06% | 0/64  | 0.47% | 0/51  | 0.15% | 0/38  | 0.08% | 0/30  | 0.04% | 0/42

#### KwaZulu-Natal provincial elections

[edit]

Election  | Total Votes  | Share of vote  | Seats  | +/–  | Provincial Government

|
|
|
|
|

1994 | 1,844,070  | 50.32  |

41 / 81

| –  | Majority government
1999 | 1,241,522  | 41.90  |

34 / 80

|  7  | IFP minority government
2004 | 1,009,267  | 36.82  |

30 / 80

|  4  | ANC–IFP coalition government
2009 | 780,027  | 22.40  |

18 / 80

|  12  | official opposition
2014[47] | 416,496  | 10.86  |

9 / 80

|  9  | in opposition
2019 | 588,046  | 16.34  |

13 / 80

|  4  | official opposition
2024 | 633,771  | 18.07  |

15 / 80

|  2  | IFP–ANC–DA–NFP coalition government

### Municipal elections

[edit]

Election  | Votes  | %

|
|

1995–96 | 757,704  | 8.7%
2000 |  | 9.1%
2006 | 2,120,142  | 8.1%
2011 | 954,021  | 3.6%
2016[50] | 1,823,382  | 4.7%
2021[51] | 1,916,170  | 6.3%

## See also

[edit]

* South Africa portal
* Politics portal

* Shell House massacre

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e f g h Duma, Nkosikhona (25 August 2019). "The IFP's new top six revealed". EWN. Archived from the original on 1 June 2020. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
2. ^ "Article 60" (PDF). Constitution of Kwazulu-Natal. 2015. (proposed)
3. ^ Piombo, Jessica (2009), Piombo, Jessica (ed.), "The Inkatha Freedom Party: Turning away from Ethnic Power", Institutions, Ethnicity, and Political Mobilization in South Africa, New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, pp. 143–162, doi:10.1057/9780230623828_8, ISBN 978-0-230-62382-8, retrieved 16 June 2023143-162&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1057/9780230623828_8&rft.isbn=978-0-230-62382-8&rft.aulast=Piombo&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft_id=https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230623828_8&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Inkatha+Freedom+Party" class="Z3988">
4. ^ "South Africa's ANC wins vote, loses seats; 14 parties secure seats (Final results)". Africanews. 12 May 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
5. ^ "Election Results and Allocation of Seats in Parliament (National Assembly) and Provincial Legislatures: 2024". pmg.org.za. Retrieved 2 August 2024.
6. ^ "ANC WELCOMES POLITICAL PARTIES TO THE GOVERNMENT OF NATIONAL UNITY – ANC".
7. ^ "MINISTER VELENKOSINI HLABISA". cogta.gov.za. Retrieved 2 August 2024.
8. ^ a b c "Constitutional Affairs Policy". Inkatha Freedom Party. Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
9. ^ "Economy Policy". Inkatha Freedom Party. 2 February 2007. Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
10. ^ "Should SA bring back the death penalty? IFP believes it may be time". 23 July 2018. Archived from the original on 8 May 2019. Retrieved 24 July 2018.
11. ^ "Our Vision". Retrieved 24 January 2023.
12. ^ "Inkatha Freedom Party". Retrieved 3 September 2024.
13. ^ "Inkatha Freedom Party is formed". South African History Online. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
14. ^ Lynd, Hilary (7 August 2019). "Secret details of the land deal that brought the IFP into the 94 poll". Mail & Guardian. Archived from the original on 10 April 2020. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
15. ^ Myeni, DN. "The KwaZulu-government and Inkatha Freedom Party's record on civil liberties in South Africa" (PDF). uzspace.unizulu.ac.za/. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 July 2021. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
16. ^ Adam, Heribert; Moodley, Kogila (1992). "The Journal of Modern African Studies". 2. 30 (3): 485–510\. JSTOR 161169.485-510&rft.date=1992&rft_id=https://www.jstor.org/stable/161169#id-name=JSTOR&rft.aulast=Adam&rft.aufirst=Heribert&rft.au=Moodley,+Kogila&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Inkatha+Freedom+Party" class="Z3988">
17. ^ a b Carver, Richard. "Kwazulu-Natal - Continued Violence and Displacement". refworld.org. Archived from the original on 24 October 2017. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
18. ^ Southall, Roger (October 1981). "African Affairs". 321. 80 (321): 453–481\. JSTOR 721987.453-481&rft.date=1981-10&rft_id=https://www.jstor.org/stable/721987#id-name=JSTOR&rft.aulast=Southall&rft.aufirst=Roger&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Inkatha+Freedom+Party" class="Z3988">
19. ^ "Our History". Retrieved 24 January 2023.
20. ^ "Zuma and Zulu nationalism: A response to Gumede" Archived 21 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine. pambazuka.org
21. ^ SPIN. September 1994. pp. 92, 96. Archived from the original on 15 November 2021. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
22. ^ a b "The day apartheid died: Bombs and chaos no bar to voters". The Guardian. 27 April 1994. Archived from the original on 23 April 2019. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
23. ^ Khan, Farook (19 April 2004). "Indian voters helped ANC win KZN". IOL. Archived from the original on 4 December 2021. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
24. ^ Olifant and Khumalo 2009.
25. ^ "IFP official website". Archived from the original on 10 November 2018. Retrieved 18 April 2004.
26. ^ "IFP has 'no mission, no vision'". Archived from the original on 21 February 2009. Retrieved 18 December 2008.
27. ^ "Buthelezi makes blood boil". News24 Archives. Johannesburg. 15 August 2005. Archived from the original on 4 December 2021. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
28. ^ "The IFP is on the verge of being extinct". SowetanLIVE. 19 May 2009. Archived from the original on 4 December 2021. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
29. ^ Quintal, Angela (7 September 2005). "Gavin Woods leaves IFP for new party". IOL. Archived from the original on 11 November 2016. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
30. ^ Madlala, Bheko (20 September 2005). "Jiyane bounces back". IOL. Archived from the original on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
31. ^ Mgaga, Thando (11 November 2009). "Chairwoman for president, says IFP youth". The Witness. Archived from the original on 4 December 2021. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
32. ^ Mthembu, Bongani (25 January 2011). "IFP breakaway party launched". News24 Archives. Archived from the original on 4 May 2014. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
33. ^ "ANC, NFP team up in KwaZulu-Natal". Mail & Guardian. 30 May 2011. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
34. ^ "NFP wants to govern KZN". News24 Archives. 30 January 2011. Archived from the original on 17 August 2014. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
35. ^ "KZN: IFP loses position as official opposition". Mail & Guardian. 9 May 2014. Archived from the original on 12 May 2014. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
36. ^ Modjadji, Ngwako. "Buthelezi: IFP lost support because of Zuma". CityPress - News24. Archived from the original on 26 March 2020. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
37. ^ Waterworth, Tanya (5 August 2016). "NFP's absence helped IFP grow support: ANC". IOL. Archived from the original on 6 August 2016. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
38. ^ "Nkandla is ours: IFP". eNCA. Pretoria. 4 August 2016. Archived from the original on 29 January 2020. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
39. ^ Mthethwa, Bongani (29 October 2017). "IFP leader Buthelezi calls it quits". TimesLIVE. Archived from the original on 19 July 2019. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
40. ^ Saba, Athandiwe (10 May 2019). "Inkatha Freedom Party arrests the decline". Mail & Guardian. Archived from the original on 14 August 2020. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
41. ^ Zulu, Makhosandile (5 April 2020). "Buthelezi will not stand for re-election as IFP leader". The Citizen. Archived from the original on 13 May 2019. Retrieved 13 May 2019.
42. ^ "Velenkosini Hlabisa elected IFP's new president". SABC News. 25 August 2019. Archived from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
43. ^ Pilay, Minoahni (14 June 2024). "IFP's Thami Ntuli elected as new KZN Premier". SABC. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
44. ^ a b c "COALITION NATION: New KZN premier Ntuli to appoint cabinet in four days, promises to fight poverty". News24. 14 June 2024. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
45. ^ Dludia, Nqobile (14 June 2024). "South Africa's KZN province elects IFP member as premier in setback for Zuma". Reuters. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
46. ^ Ludidi, Velani (18 June 2024). "New KZN Premier Thami Ntuli announces coalition cabinet during inauguration address". Daily Maverick. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
47. ^ a b c "2014 National and Provincial Elections Results - 2014 National and Provincial Election Results". IEC. Archived from the original on 10 May 2014. Retrieved 11 May 2014.
48. ^ "Results Dashboard". www.elections.org.za. Archived from the original on 11 May 2019. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
49. ^ "NPE Results Dashboard 2024". results.elections.org.za. Retrieved 11 June 2024.
50. ^ "Results Summary - All Ballots" (PDF). elections.org.za. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2016. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
51. ^ "Results Summary - All Ballots" (PDF). elections.org.za. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 28 November 2021.

## Further reading

[edit]

* Google. "kaMagwaza-Msibi Gamalakhe". Google Search. 3 May 2009. (Accessed 3 May 2009.)
* Inkatha Freedom Party. "ANC Members Attack IFP Premier Candidate in Port Shepstone". Durban: IFP Press Statement, 8 April 2009.
* IFP. "ANC Members Attack IFP Premier Candidate in Port Shepstone".[permanent dead link‍] Inkatha Freedom Party. 8 April 2009. (Accessed 3 May 2009.)
* IFP. "ANC Members Attack IFP Premier Candidate in Port Shepstone" media.co.za. 9 April 2009. (Accessed 3 May 2009.)
* IFP. "IFP: Statement by the Inkatha Freedom Party on the attack of its Premier candidate in Port Shepstone (08/04/2009)" Polity. 8 April 2009. (Accessed 3 May 2009.)
* IFP. "IEC must reconsider ANC's eligibility for 2009 elections – IFP". Politicsweb. 24 February 2009. (Accessed 3 May 2009.)
* IFP. "IFP Calls for Forensic Audit into uMhlabuyalingana Municipality". Durban: IFP Press Statement, 9 April 2009.
* IFP. "IFP National Chair to Hold More Post-Election Rallies". Durban: IFP Press Statement, 3 May 2009.
* IFP. "IFP to Outline Plans for First 100 Days in Power in KZN". Durban: IFP Press Statement, 13 April 2009.
* Mandela, Nelson; Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela; Little Brown & Co; ISBN 0-316-54818-9 (paperback, 1995).
* Mbuyazi, Nondumiso. "IFP accuses ANC members of assault". IOL. 8 April 2009. (Accessed 3 May 2009.)
* Skosana, Ben. "SADC Must Reach Inclusive, Sustainable Solution for Zim". Durban: Inkatha Freedom Party, 26 January 2009.
* Zapiro. "Zapiro's A–Z of Election '09". Mail & Guardian. 26 April 2009. (Accessed 3 May 2009.)

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Inkatha Freedom Party.

* Flag of the Inkatha Freedom Party
* Inkatha Freedom Party official site
* Speech by Mangosuthu Buthelezi to The Heritage Foundation, 19 June 1991.

* v
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Political parties in South Africa

National Assembly
(with number of seats held)|

* African National Congress (159)
* Democratic Alliance (87)
* uMkhonto weSizwe (58)
* Economic Freedom Fighters (39)
* Inkatha Freedom Party (17)
* Patriotic Alliance (9)
* Freedom Front Plus (6)
* ActionSA (6)
* African Christian Democratic Party (3)
* United Democratic Movement (3)
* Rise Mzansi (2)
* African Transformation Movement (2)
* Al Jama-ah (2)

National Council of Provinces
(with number of seats held)|

* African National Congress (54)
* Democratic Alliance (20)
* Economic Freedom Fighters (11)
* Freedom Front Plus (3)
* Inkatha Freedom Party (2)

Other parties|

| Communist and socialist|

* African Content Movement
* Azanian People's Organisation
* Bolsheviks Party of South Africa
* National People's Ambassadors
* Socialist Revolutionary Workers Party
* South African Communist Party
* Workers International Vanguard Party
* Workers and Socialist Party
* United Congress

|

Social democratic|

* African Congress of Democrats
* African Democratic Change
* Afrikan Alliance of Social Democrats
* Agang South Africa
* Congress of the People
* National Freedom Party
* Power of Africans Unity

Pan-Africanist|

* African People's Convention
* Abantu Batho Congress
* Black First Land First
* Pan Africanist Congress
* Pan Africanist Movement

Minority rights|

* Africa Muslim Party
* Cape Muslim Congress
* Compatriots of South Africa
* Minority Front
* National Coloured Congress

Liberal and libertarian|

* Capitalist Party of South Africa
* Democratic Liberal Congress
* Free Democrats

Agrarian|

* Civic Warriors of Maruleng
* Land Party

Christian|

* #Hope4SA
* Christian Democratic Party
* Christian Political Movement
* Economic Emancipation Forum
* Kingdom Governance Movement
* United Christian Democratic Party
* Uniting People First

Environmentalist|

* ECOPEACE Party
* Green Party

Single issue|

* African Security Congress
* All Things Are Possible
* Alliance for Transformation for All
* Dagga Party
* Forum for Service Delivery
* New South Africa Party
* Operation Dudula
* Referendum Party
* South African Maintenance and Estate Beneficiaries Association
* Women Forward

Local issues and regionalist|

* Better Residents Association
* Cape Independence Party
* Dabalorivhuwa Patriotic Front
* Gazankulu Liberation Congress
* Karoo Gemeenskap Party
* MAP16 Civic Movement
* Plaaslike Besorgde Inwoners
* Sterkspruit Civic Association

Conservative|

* African Covenant
* African Independent Congress
* International Revelation Congress
* National Party South Africa

Afrikaner nationalist|

* Afrikaner Self-determination Party
* Boerestaat Party
* Herstigte Nasionale Party
* National Conservative Party of South Africa

African traditionalist|

* African Mantungwa Community
* African Renaissance Unity Party
* Dikwankwetla Party of South Africa
* National People's Front
* National Religious Freedom Party
* South African National Congress of Traditional Authorities

Uncategorised|

* African Change Academy
* African Congress for Transformation
* African People's Movement
* Alliance of Citizens for Change
* Democratic Independent Party
* Good
* Independent Civic Organisation of South Africa
* The Peoples Independent Civic Organisation
* People's Movement for Change
* South African Political Party
* South African Rainbow Alliance
* Spectrum National Party
* Team Sugar South Africa
* United Independent Movement
* Xiluva
* Ximoko Party

Defunct parties|

| Communist|

* Socialist Party of Azania
* Workers Party of South Africa

|

Socialist and social democratic|

* Labour Party (1910)
* Labour Party (1969)
* New Labour Party
* United Independent Front

Liberal and progressive|

* Democratic Party (1989)
* Democratic Party (1973)
* Democratic Progressive Party
* Democratic Reform Party
* Dominion Party
* Federal Alliance
* Independent Democrats
* Independent Party
* Liberal Party of South Africa
* Progressive Federal Party
* Progressive Party (1890)
* Progressive Party (1959)
* Progressive Reform Party
* Reform Party
* South African Business Party
* South African Democratic Congress
* South African Party (1896)
* South African Party (1910)
* Union Federal Party
* Unionist Party

Conservative|

* Christian Democratic Alliance
* Christian Front
* Christen Party/Christian Party
* Federation of Democrats
* Herenigde Nasionale Party
* Het Volk
* National Conservative Party
* National People's Party (1981)
* National Union
* New National Party
* New Republic Party
* Solidarity
* South African Party (1977)
* United Party

Afrikaner nationalist|

* Afrikaner Bond
* Afrikaner Eenheidsbeweging
* Afrikaner Party
* Afrikaner Volksfront
* Conservative Party
* Front National
* National Action
* National Party
* Orangia Unie
* Purified National Party
* South African Gentile National Socialist Movement
* Volksparty

Miscellaneous|

* Abolition of Income Tax and Usury Party
* Keep It Straight and Simple Party
* Khoisan Aboriginal and Others Movement
* National Alliance
* National Democratic Convention
* National People's Party
* Peace and Justice Congress
* Pro-death Penalty Party
* Ubuntu Party
* Universal Party

Bantustan Parties|

* Ciskei National Independence Party
* Transkei National Independence Party

* Politics portal
* List of political parties
* Politics of South Africa

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Politics of South Africa

By province|

* Eastern Cape
* Free State
* Gauteng
* KwaZulu-Natal
* Limpopo
* Mpumalanga
* North West
* Northern Cape
* Western Cape

Flag of South Africa

Political
movements|

| Ideologies|

* African nationalism
* Afrikaner nationalism
* Anarchism
* Anti-war
* Black consciousness
* Environmentalism
* Federalism
* Feminism
* Liberalism
* Libertarianism
* Pan-Africanism
* Non-racialism
* Trotskyism

|

Political parties|

see South Africa political parties

Other political
organisations|

* AfriForum
* Afrikanerbond
* Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging (AWB)
* Congress of Traditional Leaders of South Africa (CONTRALESA)
* Congress of South African Students (COSAS)
* Earthlife Africa
* Keep Left
* Khanya College
* Koeberg Alert
* Lesbian and Gay Equality Project (LGEP)
* People Against Gangsterism and Drugs (PAGAD)
* South African Liberal Students' Association (SALSA)
* South African Students Congress (SASCO)
* South African Wine Initiative
* Zabalaza Anarchist Communist Front (ZACF)

Trade unions and
Social movements|

see South Africa trade unions

* Equal Education
* Mandela Park Backyarders
* People Against Suffering, Oppression and Poverty (PASSOP)
* Poor People's Alliance
* Abahlali baseMjondolo
* Landless Peoples Movement
* Western Cape Anti-Eviction Campaign
* Reclaim the City
* Social Justice Coalition
* Treatment Action Campaign
* Unemployed Peoples' Movement

Law|

see South African law

Political culture|

* African Renaissance
* Alternative media
* Azania
* Corruption
* (Don't) touch me on my studio
* Freedom Charter
* Proudly South African
* Rainbow nation
* Renaming
* Tenderpreneurs
* Toyi-toyi
* Ubuntu
* UnFreedom Day
* White monopoly capital
* Ungovernability
* Xenophobia

* Anti-Chinese sentiment
* Anti-Indian sentiment

| Slogans|

* "Amandla Ngawethu!"
* "No Land! No House! No Vote!"
* "Dubul' ibhunu" (Shoot the Boer)
* "One Settler, One Bullet"
* "Each One, Teach One"

|

Books and
periodicals|

* African Communist
* Amandla
* ANC Today
* Biko
* I Write What I Like
* Long Walk to Freedom
* Molotov Cocktail
* No Land! No House! No Vote!

Other|

* Corrective rape
* Crime
* Cape Independence
* Elections
* e-tolling
* Farm attacks
* Gupta family
* HIV/AIDS
* Labour brokering
* Land occupations
* Legacies of apartheid
* Lindela
* Phala Phala robbery
* Political assassinations
* Political repression
* Protests
* Sexual violence
* Shack fires
* Terrorism
* Third Force

Category

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Political history of South Africa

Defunct polities|

* Kingdom of Mapungubwe (c. 1075–c. 1220)
* Dutch Cape Colony (1652–1806)
* Mthethwa Paramountcy (c. 1780–1817)
* Ndwandwe Kingdom (c. 1780–1819)
* Cape Colony (1795–1910)
* Zulu Kingdom (1816–1897)
* Natalia Republic (1839–1843)
* Natal Colony (1843–1910)
* Orange Free State (1854–1902)
* South African Republic (1856–1902)
* Griqualand East (1861–1879)
* Griqualand West (1870–1873)
* Goshen (1882–1883)
* Stellaland (1882–1885)
* Nieuwe Republiek (1884–1888)
* Upingtonia (1885–1887)
* Klein Vrystaat (1886–1891)
* Orange River Colony (1902–1910)
* Transvaal Colony (1902–1910)
* Union of South Africa (1910–1961)
* Transkei (1976–1994)
* Bophuthatswana (1977–1994)
* Venda (1979–1994)
* Ciskei (1981–1994)

Events|

| Pre-colonial|

* Bantu migrations
* Battle of Salt River

|

1652–1815|

* Dutch settlement
* French Huguenot settlement
* Khoikhoi–Dutch Wars
* Xhosa Wars
* Battle of Muizenberg
* Battle of Blaauwberg
* Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814

1815–1910|

* Mfecane
* 1820 Settlers
* Great Trek
* Boer Republics
* Transvaal Civil War
* Mineral Revolution
* Witwatersrand Gold Rush
* South African Wars
* South Africa Act 1909 (National Convention)

1910–1948|

* South West Africa campaign
* Maritz rebellion
* Rand Rebellion
* Great Depression
* 1946 African Mine Workers' Union strike
* Bantustans

Apartheid|

* 1948 general election
* Apartheid legislation
* Pass laws
* Internal resistance
* Coloured-vote constitutional crisis
* Defiance Campaign
* Congress of the People
* Freedom Charter
* Women's March 1956
* 1957 Alexandra bus boycott
* Sharpeville massacre
* 1960 republic referendum
* International isolation
* UN Resolution 1761
* UNSC Resolution 591
* Academic boycott
* Disinvestment
* Constructive engagement
* Tar Baby Option
* Sporting boycott
* Olympics
* Rugby union
* Rivonia Trial
* Durban Moment
* Border War
* Israeli alliance
* Israel–South Africa Agreement
* Mafeje affair
* Soweto Uprising
* Weapons of mass destruction
* Project Coast
* Church Street bombing
* 1983 constitutional referendum
* Langa massacre
* Rubicon speech
* Operation Vula
* Dakar Conference
* Transkei coup d'état
* Ciskei coup d'état
* Venda coup d'état
* Third Force
* CODESA
* Storming of the Kempton Park World Trade Centre
* Bisho massacre
* 1992 apartheid referendum
* Saint James Church massacre
* Bophuthatswana crisis
* Shell House massacre

Post-
apartheid|

* 1994 general election
* Government of National Unity
* Reconstruction and Development Programme
* Truth and Reconciliation Commission
* Arms Deal
* Floor crossing
* Soweto bombings
* African Renaissance
* Travelgate
* Xenophobia
* Attack on Kennedy Road
* Blikkiesdorp
* Marikana massacre
* 2012 Western Cape farm workers' strike
* Nkandlagate
* Racism
* 2014 platinum strike
* #RhodesMustFall protests
* #FeesMustFall student protests
* Tshwane riots
* 2019 service delivery protests
* 2019 Johannesburg riots
* COVID-19 pandemic
* 2020 Phala Phala Robbery
* 2021 unrest
* Lady R incident

Political culture|

* African nationalism
* Afrikaner Calvinism
* Afrikaner nationalism
* Anarchism
* Azania
* Baasskap
* Boerehaat
* Black Consciousness Movement
* Cape Independence
* Day of the Vow
* Greater South Africa
* Honorary whites
* Rooi gevaar
* Slavery
* Swart gevaar
* Uitlander
* Volkstaat

Defunct
organisations|

| Civic and political
organisations|

* Afrikaner Bond
* Afrikaner Broederbond
* Afrikaner Party
* AITUP
* APO
* AVF
* BPC
* Black Sash
* Boerestaat Party
* CDA
* CNIP
* CTEG
* COD
* Congress Alliance
* COSG
* CP
* DLF
* Dominion Party
* DP (1973–1977)
* DP (1989–2000)
* DPP
* DSM
* ECC
* FA
* FD
* Genootskap van Regte Afrikaners
* GNP
* Het Volk
* HNP (Herenigde)
* HNP (Herstigte)
* IDASA
* ID
* IP
* ISL
* Jeugkrag
* Johannesburg Reform Committee
* Labour Party (1910–1958)
* Labour Party (1969–1994)
* Liberal Party (1953–1968)
* NA
* NCP
* Natal Indian Congress
* NLP
* NNP
* NP
* NPP
* NRP
* NUSAS
* Occupy
* Orangia Unie
* Oranjewerkers
* Orde Boerevolk
* PAVN
* PFP
* Progressive Party (Cape Colony)
* Progressive Party
* PRP
* Radio Freedom
* Reform Party
* SABP
* SADECO
* SAIC
* SASO
* SAYCO
* SAYRCO
* South African Party (Cape Colony)
* South African Party (1911–1934)
* South African Party (1977–1980)
* TNIP
* Torch Commando
* UFP
* United Party
* Unionist Party
* National Party of Venda
* Volksparty
* Workers Party
* WOSA

|

Trade unions and
social movements|

* APF
* BCM
* BLATU
* CNETU
* CTSWU
* FCWU
* FNETU
* FOSATU
* ICU
* IWW
* MUSA
* NEUM
* NURHS
* PAWE
* SAAPAWU
* SACTU
* SAIF
* SARHU
* SATUC
* Die Spoorbund
* UDF
* Umkosi Wezintaba

Paramilitary and
terrorist organisations|

* APLA
* ARM
* AWB
* BBB
* Boeremag
* Greyshirts
* MK
* Ossewabrandwag
* Orde van die Dood
* PAGAD
* SANF

Histories of
political parties|

* African National Congress
* Democratic Alliance
* Pan Africanist Congress of Azania

Category

* v
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South Africa articles

History|

* Timeline
* Years
* Early history
* Kingdom of Mapungubwe
* Kingdom of Mutapa
* Kaditshwene
* Dutch Cape Colony
* Mthethwa Paramountcy
* Ndwandwe
* Cape Colony
* Zulu Kingdom
* Orange Free State
* Transvaal Republic
* First Boer War
* Second Boer War
* Great Depression
* World War II
* Apartheid
* Border War
* Democratic South Africa

By topic|

* Economy
* Military

Geography|

* Biodiversity
* Climate
* Climate change
* Districts
* Earthquakes
* Estuaries
* Forests
* Islands
* Lakes
* Mountain ranges
* Municipalities
* National parks
* Populated places
* Provinces
* Rivers
* Wildlife

Politics|

* Constitution
* Courts
* Corruption
* Elections
* Foreign relations
* Government
* Human rights
* Law
* Law enforcement
* Military
* Parliament
* Political parties
* President
* timeline
* State security

Economy|

* Agriculture
* Banking
* Companies
* Communications
* Economic history
* Energy
* Foreign trade
* Income inequality
* Mining industry
* Rand (currency)
* State-owned enterprises
* Stock exchange
* Taxation
* Tourism
* Trade unions
* Transport
* Water and sanitation
* Wealth inequality

Society|

* Cannabis
* Crime
* Disability
* Education
* Feminism
* Health
* Healthcare
* Immigration
* Intersex
* Land invasion
* Languages
* LGBT
* Life expectancy
* Poverty
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Culture|

* Architecture
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* Literature
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* World Heritage Sites
* heritage sites

Demographics|

* South African Bantu-speaking peoples
* Ndebele
* Pedi
* Sotho
* Swazi
* Tsonga
* Tswana
* Venda
* Xhosa
* Zulu
* Khoisan
* Khoekhoe
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* Cape Malays
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* Indians
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* Outline
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* Category
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Authority control databases

International|

* VIAF

National|

* United States

*[v]: View this template
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*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa